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arrishn. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Probably < the Germanic base of ear v.1 + the Germanic base of -ish suffix1 (compare e.g. marsh n.1), although no cognates are known. Compare ear-grass n. The relationship, if any, with eddish n. (with which the word is frequently equated) is unclear and would be difficult to explain phonologically.Old English ersc arrish n. and edisc eddish n. appear to be etymologically distinct; they also have different meanings (the latter seems always to mean ‘enclosed meadow, park’: see eddish n. 1) and (unlike in later English) are not usually associated with each other, except in the compound erschenn (also erschenna ) quail (see arrish-hen n. at Compounds), which is sometimes equated with edischenn (see eddish-hen n. at eddish n. Compounds). In Old English (other than in compounds) the word is attested only in use as a boundary marker and in place names, occurring in the south of England, predominantly south of the Thames. The precise sense is not certain, but in order to function as a boundary marker, the word would presumably have to denote an enduring or recurrent feature of the landscape, which suggests that the current modern sense ‘stubble, stubble-field’ may be secondary. The original sense was perhaps ‘land that is (or has been) intermittently ploughed’, especially in areas not well suited for crops; and from this developed the senses ‘stubble, aftermath’, and ‘scrub, brushwood’ (the latter is suggested by place-name evidence in which the word is compounded with a tree name, e.g. Hæselersc : see below). See further A. Cole ‘Ersc: Distribution and Use of this Old English Place-Name Element’ in Jrnl. Eng. Place-name Soc. 32 (1999–2000 ) 27–39, M. Gelling & A. Cole Landscape of Place-names (2000) 267–9. Also attested in place names, as Hæselersc , Sussex (1018; now Hazelhurst), Riesce , Kent (1086; now Ryarsh), Beners (hundred name), Berkshire (1086; now Beynhurst), etc., and widely in field names, as Esthers , Surrey (1268), Wydenerhs , Surrey (1313), Whetersshe , Middlesex (1365), etc., which probably imply currency in Middle English. The forms arrish and eridge are attested in the sense ‘stubble’ from the East Riding of Yorkshire in the late 19th cent. and from Lincolnshire in the 20th cent. respectively, but given the otherwise southern distribution of arrish n., it is perhaps more likely that these show variants of average n.3 (compare forms at that entry). English regional ( southern) in later use. the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > [noun] > stubble the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > land raising crops > [noun] > harvest-field > stubble field α. OE Royal Charter: King Cædwalla to Bishop Wilfrid (Sawyer 230) in N. P. Brooks & S. E. Kelly (2013) 272 Inde in locum horsa gehæg, et sic ubi dicitur hean ersc [1492 Hyȝnershe]. OE Bounds (Sawyer 376) in W. de G. Birch (1887) II. 284 Swa forð to scipleage, þæt to bradan ersce. lOE Bounds (Sawyer 463) in W. de G. Birch (1887) II. 485 Of þam holum, to wudan ærscæ fram wudan ærscæ to byrnfæring hammum. 1628 T. May tr. Virgil i. 5 Fires oft are good on barren earshes made [L. saepe etiam sterilis incendere profuit agros]. 1633 T. Johnson (new ed.) ii. 1018 The wheate ershes about Mapledurham. 1673 J. Ray S. & E. Countrey Words in 65 Ersh, the same that Edish. Sussex. a1722 E. Lisle (1757) II. 8 A farmer of my neighbourhood..asked..whether it was best to fat a cow in broad-clover or meadow-ershe at this time of the year. 1781 S. S. Banks MS Coll. Kentish Words in (1950) 40 Ash, stubble. 1783 (new ed.) i. at Hawk Let us first hawk this ersh, for here lieth a covey. 1813 J. M. Good et al. Eddish, or Eadish, the latter pasture, or grass, which comes after mowing, or reaping; otherwise called ear-grass, earsh, and etch. 1842 C. W. Johnson 423/2 Ersh, Earsh, Errish, or Etch, provincially land in the state of stubble after the corn has been cut. Thus we have pea, bean, and different sorts of grain-ershes, &c. 1875 W. D. Parish Earsh, a stubble field; as a wheat earsh, a barley earsh. 1883 W. H. Cope Ershe, stubble. 1949 L. Fleming II. vi. iv. 463 The local name for stubble is still ‘ersh’. 2001 A. Major 14 Ersh, corn stubble. Compounds the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > [noun] > member of genus Coturnix (quail) OE Ælfric (St. John's Oxf.) 307 Coturnix, erschenn [c1225 Worcester ediscine]. OE (Laud) xvi.13 Hit gewearð þa on æfen þæt Drihten gesende swa micel fugolcyn on hira wicstowe swilce erschenna [OE Claud. edischenna] (þæt ys on Lyden coturnix). lOE civ. 40 Petierunt et uenit coturnix : hi bædan & com ershenna. 1758 W. Borlase viii. 88 We make all our corn into arrish-mows, the sheaves being built up into a regular, solid cone. 1832 11 Aug. In our own neighbourhood the arish mows are rising in every direction, and as far as we can learn, the produce is most abundant. 1888 F. T. Elworthy Arrish-mow, a small rick of corn set up on the field where the crop grew. In a showery harvest the plan is often adopted of making a number of small stacks on the spot, so that the imperfectly dried corn may not be in sufficient bulk to cause heating, while at the same time the air may circulate and improve the condition of the grain. 1949 E. Goudge viii. 433 She always hides there while the reaping is on. Can't abide to see the rabbits knocked on the head. But she'll watch the binding up of the sheaves and the arish-mow. 2006 (Nexis) 31 Jan. 24 Brummal-mow, brummol, an arrish-mow of domed form. 1678 in M. Cash (1966) 145 Arish rakes and a grending stone 9s. 1811 G. B. Worgan vii. 65 The stubble is raked with large wooden arish-rakes. 1888 F. T. Elworthy Errish rake, a very large and peculiarly shaped rake, used for gathering up the stray corn missed by the binders; now nearly supplanted by the horse-rake. 1977 19 Aug. 3 (advt.) Old farm implements..including..farm cart, wagon, horse rake,..arish rake. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2015; most recently modified version published online December 2021). <  n.OE |
