illiberaladj.n.

/ɪˈlɪb(ə)rəl/

Etymology: < French illibéral (14th cent.), < Latin illiberālis mean, sordid, < il- (il- prefix²) + liberālis liberal adj. and n.

A. adj.

1. Not befitting or of the nature of a free man; not pertaining to or acquainted with the liberal arts (see liberal adj. and n.), without liberal culture, unscholarly; ill-bred, ungentlemanly, unrefined; base, mean, vulgar, rude, sordid.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > cultural ignorance > [adjective]

rudea1382

roida1400

borel1513

rustical?1532

illiberal1535

waste?1541

rusticc1550

illiterate1556

ruggedc1565

profane1568

unskilful1572

raw?1573

clownish1581

home-born1589

rough-hewn1593

unpolished1594

artless1598

home-bred1602

unbevelled1602

incult1628

museless1644

uncultivated1646

incultivateda1657

uncultivate1659

incultivate1661

unpolite1674

uncult1675

repent1684

uncultivated1725

uncultured1777

unenlightened1792

cultureless1824

sloven1856

philistinic1869

undoctrined1869

Philistine1871

Philistinish1871

roughneck1906

lowbrow1907

low-level1916

no-brow1922

bohunk1957

bakya1960

1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 42 Ane Planctius, quhilk wes ane rycht soft man, Without ingyne or jeopardie in weir..Illiberall, and richt seindell wes trew.

a1593 C. Marlowe Tragicall Hist. Faustus (1604) sig. A3 His study fittes a mercenary drudge,..The deuill and illiberal for me.

1599 R. Hakluyt tr. E. de Sande in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) II. ii. 92 Mechanicall & illiberall crafts.

a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) ii. i. §1. 172 No Art, neither liberall, nor illiberall.

a1629 W. Hinde Faithfull Remonstr. (1641) xxxviii. 120 To celebrate their Festivals with such illiberall plays and sports.

1648 Bp. J. Wilkins Math. Magick i. ii. 8 In propriety of speech those employments alone may be styled lliberal, which require only some bodily exercise, as manufactures, trades, &c.

a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1680 (1955) IV. 199 A painting..of Signor Virrios, Apollo & the Illiberal Arts.

1748 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 27 Sept. (1932) (modernized text) IV. 1230 Every word or phrase you..cannot find in Cæsar, Cicero, Livy, Horace, Virgil, and Ovid, is bad, illiberal Latin.

1751 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 18 Mar. (1932) (modernized text) IV. 1701 Your handwriting is one, which is indeed shamefully bad, and illiberal.

1837 Dr. Warton in H. Hallam Introd. Lit. Europe I. v. 479 Most of the youth..betook themselves to mechanical or other illiberal employments.

1853 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice II. vi. 169 There should not..be a trenchant distinction of employment, as between..men of liberal and illiberal professions.

1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 79 No man will be allowed to exercise any illiberal occupation.

in extended use.1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 18 Serpents haue many Epithets giuen vnto them, as illiberall, perfidious, trecherous..and such like.

2. Not generous in respect to the opinions, rights, or liberty of others; narrow-minded, bigoted; opposed to liberal principles in ecclesiastical, political, or commercial relations.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > expressed belief, opinion > bias, prejudice > narrow-mindedness > [adjective]

narrowed1599

narrow-minded1611

narrow1612

small1619

narrow1622

tub-brained1634

narrow-souled1641

narrow-spirited1645

narrow-compassed1647

illiberal1649

cat-witted1672

stingy1694

little-minded1707

straitened1712

unenlarged1741

contracted1765

one-eyed1779

unliberalized1793

nippit1808

small-minded1811

narrow-brained1835

narrow visioned1853

thin-minded1862

narrow-gauge1872

one-track1900

narrow-gutted1903

tunnel-visioned1968

society > authority > rule or government > politics > party politics > groups or attitudes right to left > [adjective] > right

illiberal1649

white?1740

right1794

conservative1802

centre-right1822

agricolous1825

hunkerish1857

right wing1857

rightward1887

rightist1894

rightwards1931

right-of-centre1937

establishmentarian1962

righty1970

neo-con1979

New Rightist1981

1649 Εἰκων Βασιλικη xiv. 121 The Charity of most men is growne so cold, and their Religion so illiberall.

1713 R. Steele in Guardian 12 Mar. 2/1 The Affinity between all Works which are beneficial to Mankind is much nearer, than the illiberal Arrogance of Scholars will..allow.

1759 W. Robertson Hist. Scotl. ii. I. 120 Popery..of the most bigotted and illiberal kind.

1867 Felton's Greece, Anc. & Mod. II. 459 The unwise and illiberal policy of the great powers [towards Greece].

1885 Law Times 10 Jan. 181/2 We cannot..think that any court would put so illiberal a construction upon sect. 7.

3. Not free or generous in giving; stingy.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > [adjective]

gnedec900

gripplea1000

fastOE

narrow-hearteda1200

narrow?c1225

straitc1290

chinchc1300

nithinga1325

scarcec1330

clama1340

hard1340

scantc1366

sparingc1386

niggardc1400

chinchy?1406

retentivea1450

niggardousa1492

niggish1519

unliberal1533

pinching1548

dry1552

nigh1555

niggardly1560

churlish1566

squeamish1566

niggardish1567

niggard-like1567

holding1569

spare1577

handfast1578

envious1580

close-handed1585

hard-handed1587

curmudgeonly1590

parsimonious?1591

costive1594

hidebound1598

penny-pinching1600

penurious1600

strait-handed1600

club-fisted1601

dry-fisted1604

fast-handed1605

fast-fingered1607

close-fisted1608

near1611

scanting1613

carkingc1620

illiberal1623

clutch-fisteda1634

hideboundeda1640

clutch-fista1643

clunch-fisted1644

unbounteous1645

hard-fisted1646

purse-bound1652

close1654

stingy1659

tenacious1676

scanty1692

sneaking1696

gripe-handed1698

narrow-souled1699

niggardling1704

snippy1727

unindulgent1742

shabby1766

neargoinga1774

cheesemongering1781

split-farthing1787

save-all1788

picked1790

iron-fisted1794

unhandsome1800

scaly1803

nearbegoing1805

tight1805

nippit1808

nipcheese1819

cumin-splitting1822

partan-handed1823

scrimping1823

scrumptious1823

scrimpy1825

meanly1827

skinny1833

pinchfisted1837

mean1840

tight-fisted1843

screwy1844

stinty1849

cheeseparing1857

skinflinty1886

mouly1904

mingy1911

cheapskate1912

picey1937

tight-assed1961

chintzy1964

tightwad1976

1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Illiberall, couetous, base.

1695 J. Woodward Ess. Nat. Hist. Earth 258 Earth did not deal out their Nourishment with an over-sparing or illiberal Hand.

1752 W. Mason Elfrida 8 More apt..to err, In giving mercy's tide too free a course, Than with a thrifty and illiberal hand To circumscribe its channel.

B. n. (nonce-use from 2.)

One who is not liberal in opinions, etc.; one who is opposed to Liberalism in politics.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > expressed belief, opinion > bias, prejudice > narrow-mindedness > [noun] > person

square-toes1771

illiberal1818

parvanimity1873

faddist1883

society > authority > rule or government > politics > party politics > groups or attitudes right to left > [noun] > the right > adherent of

praetorian1647

illiberal1818

rightist1894

right-winger1920

fascist1921

righty1961

establishmentarian1962

New Rightist1977

neo-con1979

1818 Lady Morgan in Passages from Autobiogr. (1859) 1 They all turn moi, pauvre chétive, into political capital in the fund of Illiberals.

1827 Hist. Europe in Ann. Reg. 112/1 I may be a Tory, and an illiberal.

1871 J. Ruskin Fors Clavigera I. i. 6 I am a violent Illiberal; but it does not follow that I must be a Conservative.

Compounds

illiberal-minded adj.

ΚΠ

1805 Simple Narrative I. 21 His imperious illiberal-minded wife.

Derivatives

iˈlliberalism n.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > expressed belief, opinion > bias, prejudice > narrow-mindedness > [noun]

narrow-mindedness1646

parvanimitya1691

narrowness1697

narrow-spiritedness1709

little-mindedness1767

narrow-mindeda1774

contraction1775

illiberality1775

smallness1813

illiberalism1839

narrow-heartedness1850

single-track mind1919

tunnel vision1949

1839 in Spirit Metrop. Conservative Press (1840) II. 370 No real corruption, no real illiberalism, will be tolerated in any administration whatever.

1851 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Feb. 197 The now fulfilled prophesies of Illiberalism.

1865 Sat. Rev. 11 Mar. 276/1 This slough of intolerance, and illiberalism, and servility.

iˈlliberalness n. illiberality, illiberal principles.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > [noun]

fastship?c1225

scarcenessa1300

scarcity1340

niggardyc1390

nithingheada1400

scarcehead1420

nigonryc1430

niggardship?a1439

pinching1440

straitheadc1450

straitnessc1460

niggard cheap1463

niggardnessc1487

nigonshipa1500

niggardise1502

niggishness1519

niggardliness1556

parsimony1561

illiberality1581

nearness1584

tenacity1586

Euclionism1599

paring1607

servilitya1610

niggeralitya1612

scanting1625

scant-handednessa1627

closefistedness1631

niggardess1632

close-handedness1646

strait-handedness1649

penury1651

unbountifulness1660

parsimoniousness1671

penuriousness1672

stinginess1682

closeness1712

illiberalness1727

meanness1755

cheeseparing1834

scrimping1835

churlishness1846

screwing1848

skinflintism1853

screwiness1856

flint-paring1860

skinflintiness1861

scrimp1864

flint-skinning1873

penny-pinching1895

skimping1898

tight-fistedness1975

1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Illiberalness, Niggardliness, Unbountifulness, Meanness of Spirit.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	illiberal
释义	illiberaladj.n. /ɪˈlɪb(ə)rəl/ Etymology: < French illibéral (14th cent.), < Latin illiberālis mean, sordid, < il- (il- prefix²) + liberālis liberal adj. and n. A. adj. 1. Not befitting or of the nature of a free man; not pertaining to or acquainted with the liberal arts (see liberal adj. and n.), without liberal culture, unscholarly; ill-bred, ungentlemanly, unrefined; base, mean, vulgar, rude, sordid. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > cultural ignorance > [adjective] rudea1382 roida1400 borel1513 rustical?1532 illiberal1535 waste?1541 rusticc1550 illiterate1556 ruggedc1565 profane1568 unskilful1572 raw?1573 clownish1581 home-born1589 rough-hewn1593 unpolished1594 artless1598 home-bred1602 unbevelled1602 incult1628 museless1644 uncultivated1646 incultivateda1657 uncultivate1659 incultivate1661 unpolite1674 uncult1675 repent1684 uncultivated1725 uncultured1777 unenlightened1792 cultureless1824 sloven1856 philistinic1869 undoctrined1869 Philistine1871 Philistinish1871 roughneck1906 lowbrow1907 low-level1916 no-brow1922 bohunk1957 bakya1960 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 42 Ane Planctius, quhilk wes ane rycht soft man, Without ingyne or jeopardie in weir..Illiberall, and richt seindell wes trew. a1593 C. Marlowe Tragicall Hist. Faustus (1604) sig. A3 His study fittes a mercenary drudge,..The deuill and illiberal for me. 1599 R. Hakluyt tr. E. de Sande in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) II. ii. 92 Mechanicall & illiberall crafts. a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) ii. i. §1. 172 No Art, neither liberall, nor illiberall. a1629 W. Hinde Faithfull Remonstr. (1641) xxxviii. 120 To celebrate their Festivals with such illiberall plays and sports. 1648 Bp. J. Wilkins Math. Magick i. ii. 8 In propriety of speech those employments alone may be styled lliberal, which require only some bodily exercise, as manufactures, trades, &c. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1680 (1955) IV. 199 A painting..of Signor Virrios, Apollo & the Illiberal Arts. 1748 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 27 Sept. (1932) (modernized text) IV. 1230 Every word or phrase you..cannot find in Cæsar, Cicero, Livy, Horace, Virgil, and Ovid, is bad, illiberal Latin. 1751 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 18 Mar. (1932) (modernized text) IV. 1701 Your handwriting is one, which is indeed shamefully bad, and illiberal. 1837 Dr. Warton in H. Hallam Introd. Lit. Europe I. v. 479 Most of the youth..betook themselves to mechanical or other illiberal employments. 1853 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice II. vi. 169 There should not..be a trenchant distinction of employment, as between..men of liberal and illiberal professions. 1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 79 No man will be allowed to exercise any illiberal occupation. in extended use.1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 18 Serpents haue many Epithets giuen vnto them, as illiberall, perfidious, trecherous..and such like. 2. Not generous in respect to the opinions, rights, or liberty of others; narrow-minded, bigoted; opposed to liberal principles in ecclesiastical, political, or commercial relations. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > expressed belief, opinion > bias, prejudice > narrow-mindedness > [adjective] narrowed1599 narrow-minded1611 narrow1612 small1619 narrow1622 tub-brained1634 narrow-souled1641 narrow-spirited1645 narrow-compassed1647 illiberal1649 cat-witted1672 stingy1694 little-minded1707 straitened1712 unenlarged1741 contracted1765 one-eyed1779 unliberalized1793 nippit1808 small-minded1811 narrow-brained1835 narrow visioned1853 thin-minded1862 narrow-gauge1872 one-track1900 narrow-gutted1903 tunnel-visioned1968 society > authority > rule or government > politics > party politics > groups or attitudes right to left > [adjective] > right illiberal1649 white?1740 right1794 conservative1802 centre-right1822 agricolous1825 hunkerish1857 right wing1857 rightward1887 rightist1894 rightwards1931 right-of-centre1937 establishmentarian1962 righty1970 neo-con1979 New Rightist1981 1649 Εἰκων Βασιλικη xiv. 121 The Charity of most men is growne so cold, and their Religion so illiberall. 1713 R. Steele in Guardian 12 Mar. 2/1 The Affinity between all Works which are beneficial to Mankind is much nearer, than the illiberal Arrogance of Scholars will..allow. 1759 W. Robertson Hist. Scotl. ii. I. 120 Popery..of the most bigotted and illiberal kind. 1867 Felton's Greece, Anc. & Mod. II. 459 The unwise and illiberal policy of the great powers [towards Greece]. 1885 Law Times 10 Jan. 181/2 We cannot..think that any court would put so illiberal a construction upon sect. 7. 3. Not free or generous in giving; stingy. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > [adjective] gnedec900 gripplea1000 fastOE narrow-hearteda1200 narrow?c1225 straitc1290 chinchc1300 nithinga1325 scarcec1330 clama1340 hard1340 scantc1366 sparingc1386 niggardc1400 chinchy?1406 retentivea1450 niggardousa1492 niggish1519 unliberal1533 pinching1548 dry1552 nigh1555 niggardly1560 churlish1566 squeamish1566 niggardish1567 niggard-like1567 holding1569 spare1577 handfast1578 envious1580 close-handed1585 hard-handed1587 curmudgeonly1590 parsimonious?1591 costive1594 hidebound1598 penny-pinching1600 penurious1600 strait-handed1600 club-fisted1601 dry-fisted1604 fast-handed1605 fast-fingered1607 close-fisted1608 near1611 scanting1613 carkingc1620 illiberal1623 clutch-fisteda1634 hideboundeda1640 clutch-fista1643 clunch-fisted1644 unbounteous1645 hard-fisted1646 purse-bound1652 close1654 stingy1659 tenacious1676 scanty1692 sneaking1696 gripe-handed1698 narrow-souled1699 niggardling1704 snippy1727 unindulgent1742 shabby1766 neargoinga1774 cheesemongering1781 split-farthing1787 save-all1788 picked1790 iron-fisted1794 unhandsome1800 scaly1803 nearbegoing1805 tight1805 nippit1808 nipcheese1819 cumin-splitting1822 partan-handed1823 scrimping1823 scrumptious1823 scrimpy1825 meanly1827 skinny1833 pinchfisted1837 mean1840 tight-fisted1843 screwy1844 stinty1849 cheeseparing1857 skinflinty1886 mouly1904 mingy1911 cheapskate1912 picey1937 tight-assed1961 chintzy1964 tightwad1976 1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Illiberall, couetous, base. 1695 J. Woodward Ess. Nat. Hist. Earth 258 Earth did not deal out their Nourishment with an over-sparing or illiberal Hand. 1752 W. Mason Elfrida 8 More apt..to err, In giving mercy's tide too free a course, Than with a thrifty and illiberal hand To circumscribe its channel. B. n. (nonce-use from 2.) One who is not liberal in opinions, etc.; one who is opposed to Liberalism in politics. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > expressed belief, opinion > bias, prejudice > narrow-mindedness > [noun] > person square-toes1771 illiberal1818 parvanimity1873 faddist1883 society > authority > rule or government > politics > party politics > groups or attitudes right to left > [noun] > the right > adherent of praetorian1647 illiberal1818 rightist1894 right-winger1920 fascist1921 righty1961 establishmentarian1962 New Rightist1977 neo-con1979 1818 Lady Morgan in Passages from Autobiogr. (1859) 1 They all turn moi, pauvre chétive, into political capital in the fund of Illiberals. 1827 Hist. Europe in Ann. Reg. 112/1 I may be a Tory, and an illiberal. 1871 J. Ruskin Fors Clavigera I. i. 6 I am a violent Illiberal; but it does not follow that I must be a Conservative. Compounds illiberal-minded adj. ΚΠ 1805 Simple Narrative I. 21 His imperious illiberal-minded wife. Derivatives iˈlliberalism n. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > expressed belief, opinion > bias, prejudice > narrow-mindedness > [noun] narrow-mindedness1646 parvanimitya1691 narrowness1697 narrow-spiritedness1709 little-mindedness1767 narrow-mindeda1774 contraction1775 illiberality1775 smallness1813 illiberalism1839 narrow-heartedness1850 single-track mind1919 tunnel vision1949 1839 in Spirit Metrop. Conservative Press (1840) II. 370 No real corruption, no real illiberalism, will be tolerated in any administration whatever. 1851 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Feb. 197 The now fulfilled prophesies of Illiberalism. 1865 Sat. Rev. 11 Mar. 276/1 This slough of intolerance, and illiberalism, and servility. iˈlliberalness n. illiberality, illiberal principles. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > [noun] fastship?c1225 scarcenessa1300 scarcity1340 niggardyc1390 nithingheada1400 scarcehead1420 nigonryc1430 niggardship?a1439 pinching1440 straitheadc1450 straitnessc1460 niggard cheap1463 niggardnessc1487 nigonshipa1500 niggardise1502 niggishness1519 niggardliness1556 parsimony1561 illiberality1581 nearness1584 tenacity1586 Euclionism1599 paring1607 servilitya1610 niggeralitya1612 scanting1625 scant-handednessa1627 closefistedness1631 niggardess1632 close-handedness1646 strait-handedness1649 penury1651 unbountifulness1660 parsimoniousness1671 penuriousness1672 stinginess1682 closeness1712 illiberalness1727 meanness1755 cheeseparing1834 scrimping1835 churlishness1846 screwing1848 skinflintism1853 screwiness1856 flint-paring1860 skinflintiness1861 scrimp1864 flint-skinning1873 penny-pinching1895 skimping1898 tight-fistedness1975 1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Illiberalness, Niggardliness, Unbountifulness, Meanness of Spirit. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1535
随便看	voilà tout voine voip voir dire voirably voisdie voisin voisinage voisom voisour voiture voiturette voiturier voituriers voiturin voivod voivode voivodes voivodeship voivodeships voivodship voix voix blanche voix céleste voix célestes