improvisationn.

Brit.

/ˌɪmprəvʌɪˈzeɪʃn/, U.S.

/ᵻmˌprɑvəˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/,

/ˌɪmprəvəˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/,

/ˌɪmprəˌvaɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/

Forms: 1700s– improvisation, 1800s– improvization (nonstandard), 1800s– improvvisation.

Origin: Probably formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: improviso v., improviso adj., -ation suffix; improvise v., -ation suffix.

Etymology: In early use probably < either improviso v. or improviso adj. + -ation suffix. Compare German Improvisation (1790 or earlier), French improvisation (1807), Italian improvvisazione (1877). In later use probably < improvise v. + -ation suffix. Compare earlier improvisatore n. and later improvisate v.In form improvvisation ultimately after Italian improvvisare improvise v.

a. The action or fact of composing or performing music, poetry, drama, etc., spontaneously, or without preparation; this method of performance.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > composing music > [noun] > improvisation

improvisation1777

improvision1836

society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > [noun] > improvising

extempore1610

extemporizing1644

improvisation1777

improvising1798

extemporization1860

get-off1932

noodling1937

society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > [noun] > art or practice of poetry > improvising poems

improvisation1777

improvising1798

improvision1836

1777 H. L. Thrale Diary Nov.–Dec. in Thraliana (1942) I. 209 Baretti and I were talking one Day of the Art of Improvisation: Johnson says he, can do it as well as any Italian of us all if he pleases.

1811 W. Scott Don Roderick Introd. ix. 72 (note) The flexibility of the Italian and Spanish languages..renders these countries distinguished for the talent of improvisation.

1849 G. Ticknor Hist. Spanish Lit. II. xviii. 253 In the time of Lope de Vega, the passion for such improvisation had risen higher than it ever rose before, if it had not spread out more widely. Actors were expected sometimes to improvisate on themes given to them by the audience.

1871 Musical Times 1 Apr. 43/2 The two cadenzas, introduced by him in the first and last movements, were remarkable specimens of improvisation.

1913 Times 29 July 11/1 Among the subjects of study are gymnastics, music, voice training..dancing, mimo-drama, improvisation..and stage model-making.

1971 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 77 391 Ironically, the currently established jazz idiom..was itself a reaction to the increasingly routinized qualities of jazz improvisation.

2014 Sun (Nexis) 12 Sept. 51 The saccharine script means Williams' talents for wild improvisation are ignored.

b. An example of this; a poem, piece of music, etc., composed or performed spontaneously or without preparation.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > type of piece > [noun] > other types of piece

tinternel1573

aubade1678

nome1705

accompaniment1728

potboiler1783

raga1789

elegy1808

improvisation1824

pièce d'occasion1830

morceau de salon1854

tum-tum1859

murky1876

test-piece1876

invention1880

monodia1880

serenata1883

monody1887

dumka1895

incidental number1904

a cappella1905

folk-tune1907

realization1911

nosebleeder1921

show tune1927

sicilienne1927

estampie1937

ballad1944

Siciliana1947

hard rocker1957

rabble-rouser1958

display1959

mobile1961

soundscape1968

grower1973

lounge1978

society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poem or piece of poetry > other types of poem > [noun] > improvised poem

extempore1610

impromptu1683

improvise1820

improvisation1824

1824 New Monthly Mag. 11 195 He carried his stupid vanity so far as to compare his improvisations to the sonnets of Petrarch.

1871 E. Graeme Beethoven (1876) ii. 27 Beethoven..requested a thema for an improvisation.

1872 ‘G. Eliot’ Middlemarch I. ii. xx. 364 This speech..was not indeed entirely an improvisation, but had taken shape in inward colloquy.

1928 W. W. Lawrence Beowulf & Epic Trad. 3 We must agree to judge Beowulf,..not as the improvisation of an untutored minstrel, but as a well-considered work of art.

1958 E. Dundy Dud Avocado i. vii. 114 The Stanislavsky Method: working for realism through improvisations and sense memory, and emotional recall.

2010 Guardian 6 Aug. (Film & Music section) 11/1 Escreet's piano improvisations, given to starting with a deceptive reflectiveness, erupt into dazzling freefall fireworks.

2. The action or fact of doing anything spontaneously, without preparation, or on the spur of the moment; the action of responding to circumstances or making do with what is available; an instance of this. Also: the result of this; something produced or created in this manner.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > intention > unintentional or unplanned character > [noun] > unplanned quality or action

impulsion1532

autoschediastic1641

impulsiveness1659

extemporariness1671

impulse1763

extemporaneousness1764

unpremeditatedness1769

undesignednessa1774

unpremeditation1807

undeliberateness1817

spontaneity1826

improvisation1833

fortuity1860

impulsivity1891

1833 Standard 16 Jan. This carrying forward public business by improvisation as it were on one side, and surprise on the other.

1834 Standard 22 Mar. In such improvisations for the government of human societies..much will be always found to be deficient.

1874 J. A. Symonds Sketches Italy & Greece (1898) I. xi. 214 The terra-cotta decorations..have all the spontaneity of improvisation.

1884 S. E. Dawson Handbk. Canada 231 The Crystal Palace Opera House, an improvisation on Dominion square [Montreal] is open in summer as an Opera House and in winter as a Skating Rink.

1916 R. Kipling Tales of ‘Trade’ 13 The full tale of their improvisations and ‘make-do's’ will probably never come to light.

1944 Pop. Mech. Feb. 146/2 With machine shops often unavailable, and with tools and parts often missing, field servicemen are past masters at the art of improvisation.

1996 New Republic 18 Mar. 23/1 The border drawn by Churchill along the river in 1922..was an improvisation.

2003 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 29 May 29/4 The messy ‘romanticism’ of the Yeltsin period, its improvisations and messy compromises.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	improvisation
释义	improvisationn. Brit. /ˌɪmprəvʌɪˈzeɪʃn/, U.S. /ᵻmˌprɑvəˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/, /ˌɪmprəvəˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/, /ˌɪmprəˌvaɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/ Forms: 1700s– improvisation, 1800s– improvization (nonstandard), 1800s– improvvisation. Origin: Probably formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: improviso v., improviso adj., -ation suffix; improvise v., -ation suffix. Etymology: In early use probably < either improviso v. or improviso adj. + -ation suffix. Compare German Improvisation (1790 or earlier), French improvisation (1807), Italian improvvisazione (1877). In later use probably < improvise v. + -ation suffix. Compare earlier improvisatore n. and later improvisate v.In form improvvisation ultimately after Italian improvvisare improvise v. 1. a. The action or fact of composing or performing music, poetry, drama, etc., spontaneously, or without preparation; this method of performance. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > composing music > [noun] > improvisation improvisation1777 improvision1836 society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > [noun] > improvising extempore1610 extemporizing1644 improvisation1777 improvising1798 extemporization1860 get-off1932 noodling1937 society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > [noun] > art or practice of poetry > improvising poems improvisation1777 improvising1798 improvision1836 1777 H. L. Thrale Diary Nov.–Dec. in Thraliana (1942) I. 209 Baretti and I were talking one Day of the Art of Improvisation: Johnson says he, can do it as well as any Italian of us all if he pleases. 1811 W. Scott Don Roderick Introd. ix. 72 (note) The flexibility of the Italian and Spanish languages..renders these countries distinguished for the talent of improvisation. 1849 G. Ticknor Hist. Spanish Lit. II. xviii. 253 In the time of Lope de Vega, the passion for such improvisation had risen higher than it ever rose before, if it had not spread out more widely. Actors were expected sometimes to improvisate on themes given to them by the audience. 1871 Musical Times 1 Apr. 43/2 The two cadenzas, introduced by him in the first and last movements, were remarkable specimens of improvisation. 1913 Times 29 July 11/1 Among the subjects of study are gymnastics, music, voice training..dancing, mimo-drama, improvisation..and stage model-making. 1971 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 77 391 Ironically, the currently established jazz idiom..was itself a reaction to the increasingly routinized qualities of jazz improvisation. 2014 Sun (Nexis) 12 Sept. 51 The saccharine script means Williams' talents for wild improvisation are ignored. b. An example of this; a poem, piece of music, etc., composed or performed spontaneously or without preparation. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > type of piece > [noun] > other types of piece tinternel1573 aubade1678 nome1705 accompaniment1728 potboiler1783 raga1789 elegy1808 improvisation1824 pièce d'occasion1830 morceau de salon1854 tum-tum1859 murky1876 test-piece1876 invention1880 monodia1880 serenata1883 monody1887 dumka1895 incidental number1904 a cappella1905 folk-tune1907 realization1911 nosebleeder1921 show tune1927 sicilienne1927 estampie1937 ballad1944 Siciliana1947 hard rocker1957 rabble-rouser1958 display1959 mobile1961 soundscape1968 grower1973 lounge1978 society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poem or piece of poetry > other types of poem > [noun] > improvised poem extempore1610 impromptu1683 improvise1820 improvisation1824 1824 New Monthly Mag. 11 195 He carried his stupid vanity so far as to compare his improvisations to the sonnets of Petrarch. 1871 E. Graeme Beethoven (1876) ii. 27 Beethoven..requested a thema for an improvisation. 1872 ‘G. Eliot’ Middlemarch I. ii. xx. 364 This speech..was not indeed entirely an improvisation, but had taken shape in inward colloquy. 1928 W. W. Lawrence Beowulf & Epic Trad. 3 We must agree to judge Beowulf,..not as the improvisation of an untutored minstrel, but as a well-considered work of art. 1958 E. Dundy Dud Avocado i. vii. 114 The Stanislavsky Method: working for realism through improvisations and sense memory, and emotional recall. 2010 Guardian 6 Aug. (Film & Music section) 11/1 Escreet's piano improvisations, given to starting with a deceptive reflectiveness, erupt into dazzling freefall fireworks. 2. The action or fact of doing anything spontaneously, without preparation, or on the spur of the moment; the action of responding to circumstances or making do with what is available; an instance of this. Also: the result of this; something produced or created in this manner. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > intention > unintentional or unplanned character > [noun] > unplanned quality or action impulsion1532 autoschediastic1641 impulsiveness1659 extemporariness1671 impulse1763 extemporaneousness1764 unpremeditatedness1769 undesignednessa1774 unpremeditation1807 undeliberateness1817 spontaneity1826 improvisation1833 fortuity1860 impulsivity1891 1833 Standard 16 Jan. This carrying forward public business by improvisation as it were on one side, and surprise on the other. 1834 Standard 22 Mar. In such improvisations for the government of human societies..much will be always found to be deficient. 1874 J. A. Symonds Sketches Italy & Greece (1898) I. xi. 214 The terra-cotta decorations..have all the spontaneity of improvisation. 1884 S. E. Dawson Handbk. Canada 231 The Crystal Palace Opera House, an improvisation on Dominion square [Montreal] is open in summer as an Opera House and in winter as a Skating Rink. 1916 R. Kipling Tales of ‘Trade’ 13 The full tale of their improvisations and ‘make-do's’ will probably never come to light. 1944 Pop. Mech. Feb. 146/2 With machine shops often unavailable, and with tools and parts often missing, field servicemen are past masters at the art of improvisation. 1996 New Republic 18 Mar. 23/1 The border drawn by Churchill along the river in 1922..was an improvisation. 2003 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 29 May 29/4 The messy ‘romanticism’ of the Yeltsin period, its improvisations and messy compromises. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1777
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