improvisionn.¹

Brit.

/ˌɪmprəˈvɪʒn/, U.S.

/ˌɪmprəˈvɪʒ(ə)n/,

/ˌɪmproʊˈvɪʒ(ə)n/

Forms: late Middle English improvysyon, 1600s improuision, 1600s– improvision.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: Latin improvision- , improvisio ; im- prefix², provision n.

Etymology: In sense 1 < post-classical Latin improvision-, improvisio suddenness, unexpectedness (from 13th cent. in British and continental sources) < classical Latin imprōvīsus unforeseen (see improviso adj.) + -iōn- , -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Middle French improvision suddenness (15th cent. in two apparently isolated glossarial attestations, both glossing the Latin noun). In sense 2 independently < im- prefix² + provision n. Compare post-classical Latin improvision- , improvisio improvidence (14th cent. in a British source; < classical Latin im- im- prefix² + classical Latin prōvīsiōn- , prōvīsiō provision n.).

†1. An unforeseen event; an accident. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

c1450 tr. G. Boccaccio De Claris Mulieribus (1924) l. 395 (MED) Femorals also of new inuencyon She vsyde, that noon shulde vndirstonde Hyr sex naturall be ony improvysyon.

2. Lack of foresight or preparation. Cf. provision n. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > [noun] > lack of foresight

improvidencec1450

improvidency1542

improvision1646

foresightlessness1880

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica iii. ii. 108 There would be a maine defect, and her [sc. Nature's] improvision justly accusable, if such a feeding Animall, and so subject unto diseases from bilious causes, should want a proper conveyance for choler.

1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar iii. §14. 41 The sad accidents which afterwards happened did not invade and surprize him in the disadvantages of ignorance or improvision.

1842 New World 12 Feb. 101/4 In case this enterprise, By chance or improvision, should miscarry.

1921 L. Trotsky in Soviet Russia 12 Mar. 262/1 The Smolny period of our Revolution was characterized by improvision and arbitrariness in all branches. The Kremlin period is one of regular organization and Soviet law.

1931 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 25 383 The judge drew the conclusion..that the act of the accused was not intentional, but that there existed carelessness, improvision and lack of reflection or care on their part in firing the shots.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

improvisionn.²

Brit.

/ˌɪmprəˈvɪʒn/, U.S.

/ˌɪmprəˈvɪʒ(ə)n/,

/ˌɪmproʊˈvɪʒ(ə)n/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: improvise v., -ion suffix¹.

Etymology: Irregularly < improvise v. + -ion suffix¹. Compare earlier improvisation n.

= improvisation n.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > composing music > [noun] > improvisation

improvisation1777

improvision1836

society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > [noun] > art or practice of poetry > improvising poems

improvisation1777

improvising1798

improvision1836

1836 Herald (N.Y.) 13 May What renders this improvision especially wonderful, was the fact, that this young girl had not the least acquaintance with music.

1837 Lady's Mag. Nov. 371/2 He lauded Liberty..with..warmth and pathos, borrowing even from his improvision of the Palazzo Pitti some of the more striking verses.

1876 Belford's Monthly Mag. Dec. 47 For ten minutes he revelled in an improvision of which he could only have been capable after such an experience as this lavish June morning had conferred upon him.

1921 C. Dawson Kingdom round Corner vii. 284 She didn't get all the words correctly; she sang them with improvisions, filling in the gaps where her memory failed.

1978 Washington Post (Nexis) 8 Aug. d1 Such desperate improvision is the stuff of defeat, for it destroys the careful design of teamwork.

1994 L. Beebe & C. Clegg Age of Steam x. 229 This superb example of mechanical improvision is not known to have its parallel anywhere.

2014 Corkman (Nexis) 13 Nov. 28 The workshop will cover drama/improvision/mime/voice/and stage work and acting.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	improvision
释义	improvisionn.¹ Brit. /ˌɪmprəˈvɪʒn/, U.S. /ˌɪmprəˈvɪʒ(ə)n/, /ˌɪmproʊˈvɪʒ(ə)n/ Forms: late Middle English improvysyon, 1600s improuision, 1600s– improvision. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: Latin improvision- , improvisio ; im- prefix², provision n. Etymology: In sense 1 < post-classical Latin improvision-, improvisio suddenness, unexpectedness (from 13th cent. in British and continental sources) < classical Latin imprōvīsus unforeseen (see improviso adj.) + -iōn- , -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Middle French improvision suddenness (15th cent. in two apparently isolated glossarial attestations, both glossing the Latin noun). In sense 2 independently < im- prefix² + provision n. Compare post-classical Latin improvision- , improvisio improvidence (14th cent. in a British source; < classical Latin im- im- prefix² + classical Latin prōvīsiōn- , prōvīsiō provision n.). †1. An unforeseen event; an accident. Obsolete. ΚΠ c1450 tr. G. Boccaccio De Claris Mulieribus (1924) l. 395 (MED) Femorals also of new inuencyon She vsyde, that noon shulde vndirstonde Hyr sex naturall be ony improvysyon. 2. Lack of foresight or preparation. Cf. provision n. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > [noun] > lack of foresight improvidencec1450 improvidency1542 improvision1646 foresightlessness1880 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica iii. ii. 108 There would be a maine defect, and her [sc. Nature's] improvision justly accusable, if such a feeding Animall, and so subject unto diseases from bilious causes, should want a proper conveyance for choler. View more context for this quotation 1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar iii. §14. 41 The sad accidents which afterwards happened did not invade and surprize him in the disadvantages of ignorance or improvision. 1842 New World 12 Feb. 101/4 In case this enterprise, By chance or improvision, should miscarry. 1921 L. Trotsky in Soviet Russia 12 Mar. 262/1 The Smolny period of our Revolution was characterized by improvision and arbitrariness in all branches. The Kremlin period is one of regular organization and Soviet law. 1931 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 25 383 The judge drew the conclusion..that the act of the accused was not intentional, but that there existed carelessness, improvision and lack of reflection or care on their part in firing the shots. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online June 2022). improvisionn.² Brit. /ˌɪmprəˈvɪʒn/, U.S. /ˌɪmprəˈvɪʒ(ə)n/, /ˌɪmproʊˈvɪʒ(ə)n/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: improvise v., -ion suffix¹. Etymology: Irregularly < improvise v. + -ion suffix¹. Compare earlier improvisation n. = improvisation n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > composing music > [noun] > improvisation improvisation1777 improvision1836 society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > [noun] > art or practice of poetry > improvising poems improvisation1777 improvising1798 improvision1836 1836 Herald (N.Y.) 13 May What renders this improvision especially wonderful, was the fact, that this young girl had not the least acquaintance with music. 1837 Lady's Mag. Nov. 371/2 He lauded Liberty..with..warmth and pathos, borrowing even from his improvision of the Palazzo Pitti some of the more striking verses. 1876 Belford's Monthly Mag. Dec. 47 For ten minutes he revelled in an improvision of which he could only have been capable after such an experience as this lavish June morning had conferred upon him. 1921 C. Dawson Kingdom round Corner vii. 284 She didn't get all the words correctly; she sang them with improvisions, filling in the gaps where her memory failed. 1978 Washington Post (Nexis) 8 Aug. d1 Such desperate improvision is the stuff of defeat, for it destroys the careful design of teamwork. 1994 L. Beebe & C. Clegg Age of Steam x. 229 This superb example of mechanical improvision is not known to have its parallel anywhere. 2014 Corkman (Nexis) 13 Nov. 28 The workshop will cover drama/improvision/mime/voice/and stage work and acting. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹c1450n.²1836
随便看	awrite awrong awroth awry awry from aws awshucks awu ax ax-fitch ax-nail ax-seed ax-stone ax-tree axal axe axe murderer axe to grind axe-adze axe-breaker axe-edge axe-form axe-grinder axe-grinding axe-hammer

improvisionn.1

improvisionn.2

improvisionn.¹

improvisionn.²