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单词 arrow
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arrown.

Brit. /ˈarəʊ/, U.S. /ˈɛroʊ/
Forms:

α. early Old English aerig- (Northumbrian, in compounds), Old English earh, Old English earg- (in compounds), Middle English arugh.

β. Old English–Middle English arewe, Old English–Middle English arwe, late Old English–Middle English aruwe, early Middle English earewe, Middle English ara, Middle English arew, Middle English aro, Middle English arrou, Middle English arrwus (plural), Middle English aru, Middle English arue, Middle English arw, Middle English harow, Middle English harowe, Middle English harwe, Middle English narawe, Middle English narowe, Middle English–1500s arow, Middle English–1500s arowe, Middle English– arrow, 1500s aroe, 1500s arro, 1500s–1600s arrowe, 1600s arroue; also Scottish pre-1700 arraw, pre-1700 arrou, pre-1700 erow, pre-1700 errow.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with Old Icelandic ǫr (genitive ǫrvar ; Icelandic ör ), Old Swedish, Swedish arf , and (with a different suffix) Gothic arhwazna , all in sense ‘arrow’ < the same Indo-European base as classical Latin arcus bow (see arc n.).Early history of the word. In Old English, earh , a strong noun (apparently neuter), is attested beside arwe , a weak noun (probably feminine). Old English earh preserves a velar reflex of the original Germanic /xw/ of the base (compare the Gothic form), with the expected fronting of West Germanic a to æ and subsequent breaking of æ to ea before rh . The Old English weak by-form arwe , which shows a stem form with semivowel w , has sometimes been seen as a borrowing from early Scandinavian, partly because it does not appear to show breaking of the stem vowel in any Old English dialect (however, compare early Middle English earewe ) and partly because it is not attested in extant manuscripts before the 11th cent. However, retraction of æ to a before rw (combinative breaking) is now held to be a possible phonological development in all dialects, although rare outside Northumbrian and early Mercian (see R. M. Hogg Gram. Old Eng. (1992) I. §5.29), and arwe is attested in some sources that are not normally associated with Scandinavian influence; the loss of h between (voiced) r and w would be entirely regular in Old English. See further S. M. Pons-Sanz Lexical Effects Anglo-Scand. Ling. Contact on Old Eng. (2013) 400. Middle English forms in -w- could continue earg- (with voiced velar fricative), an Old English by-form of earh- , as well as arw- . The word was relatively rare in Old English in either form, the more usual words being strǣl streale n. and flā flo n. The attestation of Old English earh is almost entirely restricted to verse, chiefly as first element in the compound earhfaru flight of arrows (compare fare n.1). However, in the form arwe , arrow n. becomes the usual word in this sense in prose from the late Old English period onwards, suggesting that it may at least have been reinforced by influence from early Scandinavian. Later form history. The usual modern form of the word reflects the development of a glide vowel o before w and the subsequent development of a diphthong ou from this in late Middle English (as also in e.g. narrow , sparrow , follow , borrow , morrow , yellow ). A frequent alternative course of development was that w vocalized to u . Specific forms. Forms in n- show metanalysis of n (see N n.). Forms in initial h- may show confusion with harrow n.1 Specific senses. In sense 2b(b) originally after the corresponding post-classical Latin euphemistic use (Vulgate: Ecclesiasticus 26:15) of classical Latin sagitta arrow (see sagitta n.), itself after the corresponding use (Septuagint: Ecclesiasticus 26:12) of ancient Greek βέλος arrow, dart (see belomancy n.); compare quiver n.1 2. In senses 4 and 6 after corresponding uses of classical Latin (and post-classical Latin) sagitta (see sagitta n.).
1.
a. A long, thin shaft, typically made of wood, with a sharp point at the front and usually with feathers or vanes at the back, shot from a bow as a weapon or for sport. Sometimes also applied to a crossbow bolt or quarrel, or a (large) dart shot from a blowpipe. Cf. bow-and-arrow n. at bow n.1 Compounds 3.broad arrow, elf-arrow, fairy arrow, fire-arrow, poison arrow: see the first element.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > arrow > [noun]
streale?680
floc893
arrowOE
pileOE
bolta1000
flanea1000
archer1297
shaftc1400
grey-goose wing1566
dorlach1575
goose-wing1630
shaftment1634
fate1700
timberc1879
OE Andreas (1932) 1331 Lætað gares ord, earh ættre gemæl, in gedufan in fæges ferð.
OE Poenitentiale Pseudo-Egberti (Laud) iv. xxiii. 58 Gif hwylc man mid arwan deor ofsceote, & hit þeah ætberste & hit man þonne..dead finde.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1083 On þære rode þe stod bufon þam weofode sticodon on mænige arewan.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 77 Þach hit reine arewen ich habbe anede erende.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 1239 On arwe [c1300 Otho arewe] him com to heorte.
c1300 St. Michael (Laud) l. 19 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 300 He nam one aruwe envenimed.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 1119 Mid arwen & mid quarels so muche folc verst me slou.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 66 (MED) Zuyfter þanne arwe ulyinde.
1428 in J. Raine Vol. Eng. Misc. N. Counties Eng. (1890) 4 Certayn peces in shappe and fourme of harowes.
c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 3046 (MED) So felle fliȝt was..Of arrows..þat all þe aire blindid.
a1550 in R. Dyboski Songs, Carols & Other Misc. Poems (1908) 129 This arow cwmmeth newer owt of thin own bow.
1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres i. 3 A vollie of musket..goeth with more terrour..then doth your vollie of arrowes.
1611 Bible (King James) 1 Sam. xx. 20 I will shoot three arrowes..as though I shot at a marke. View more context for this quotation
1645 J. Winthrop Declar. Former Passages 3 A Pequot Indian..shot him with an arrow through the arm.
a1737 J. Hutchinson Glory or Gravity (1749) XI. 263 A Piled Arrow shot, or projected upwards with your Pile foremost, returns and comes foremost downwards.
1777 T. Paine Let. 9 July in B. Franklin Papers (1984) XXIV. 293 The Steel Cross by which I think will throw an Iron Arrow across the Delaware.
1855 H. W. Longfellow Hiawatha iii. 44 From an oak-bough made the arrows, Tipped with flint, and winged with feathers.
1865 J. Lubbock Prehist. Times i. 19 Bronze arrows, however, are not very common in Northern Europe.
1906 Recreation May 455/2 Trips into the country with bow and arrow tend to relieve..nervous strain.
1949 W. F. Albright Archaeol. Palestine iii. 59 A crescent or arc-shaped blade, probably used to tip reed arrows.
2007 Bow Internat. No. 44. 36/2 In archery, athletes compete to win points by hitting a target with an arrow.
b. A short arrow, typically made of metal, fired from a musket, trunk (trunk n. 11), etc.; cf. musket arrow n. at musket n.2 Compounds 2. Now historical.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > arrow > [noun] > arrow discharged from musket
arrow1581
musket arrow1590
1581 T. Styward Pathwaie to Martiall Discipline i. 12 To haue such gouernours as are..skilfull..in the making of trunkes, bawles, arrowes, and all other sortes of wilde fire.
1588 in Acts Privy Council (1897) XVI. 25 Arrowes for the said muskettes with tampkines of eche 1,000.
1651 J. White Rich Cabinet sig. L6 You may shoot these Arrows out of a Musket if you please.
1684 tr. A. O. Exquemelin Bucaniers Amer. iii. iv. 24 Taking a little Cotton that he had about him, he wound it about the said Arrow, and putting it into his Musket, he shot it back unto the Castle.
1954 E. Tunis Weapons 67/2 The pot de fer..was an iron bottle with a narrow neck. The powder filled the bottle..and an iron arrow, wrapped with leather for a tight fit, was rammed into the neck.
1966 C. G. Cruickshank Elizabeth's Army (ed. 2) vii. 115 A metal arrow eight or ten inches long. The rear end was screwed into a plug which was rammed against the powder charge in the musket.
2.
a. figurative and in figurative contexts, in various senses; esp. something resembling an arrow in having the power to wound or penetrate suddenly or unexpectedly.
ΚΠ
OE Aldhelm Glosses (Brussels 1650) in L. Goossens Old Eng. Glosses of MS Brussels, Royal Libr. 1650 (1974) 416 Catapultas [de falsitatis faretra prolatas] : arwan, gafelucas.
lOE Canterbury Psalter lvi. 5 Filii hominum, dentes eorum arma et sagittae et lingua eorum machera acuta : bearn mannæ teð hiræ wæpn & strelæ uel arwen & tunga hira sweord scearpe.
a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 63 (MED) [Reuhðe] cumþ of ðare iwundede herte ðe bien iwunded mid godes arewen.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 51 Earest scheot þe arewen of þe licht echnen.
c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) Envoy l. 27 The arwes of thy crabbed eloquence.
a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (Harl. 7333) (1879) 336 Thou shalt smyte hym with the arowe of penaunce.
1596 Bp. W. Barlow tr. L. Lavater Three Christian Serm. ii. 59 By the Arrowes of Famine, he meaneth the Canker and Palmer wormes.
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. i. 60 The slings and arrowes of outragious fortune. View more context for this quotation
1659 O. Walker Περιαμμα Ἐπιδήμιον v. 90 The party that hath felt the arrow of death.
1718 M. Prior Poems Several Occasions (new ed.) 304 Lest wrathful the far-shooting God emitt His fatal Arrows.
1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 144. ⁋3 A mark to the arrows of lurking calumny.
1838 T. Taylor Mem. H. More xii. 200 The arrows of persecution have often been levelled at those whose conduct has been the most lovely and inoffensive.
1862 E. M. Goulburn Thoughts Personal Relig. iv. xii. 355 The arrow of conviction rankling in their conscience.
1920 Sci. Monthly Nov. 414 By 1910, Chicago had shot her arrow and fallen short of the mark.
1977 Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o Petals of Blood (2002) iv. 85 The sun..blazing out a coppery hue with arrows of fire shot in every direction.
2014 Edmonton (Alberta) Jrnl. (Nexis) 15 Feb. a27 Friday's ruling wasn't just a blow to the government's credibility, it was an arrow through its heart.
b. spec.
(a) With reference to the arrows used by Cupid to cause those he shoots to fall in love.
ΚΠ
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 885 (MED) So louely loue..lent him an arewe hetterly þurth his hert.
a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) ix. l. 691 (MED) The firy tyndis of his brennyng harwe.
a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1537) f. 152v After that the flames of Venus be set on fire, and Cupide hath shot his arrowes.
1589 T. Lodge Scillaes Metamorphosis sig. Bv Who lesse than I lou'd lustfull Cupids arrowes.
1629 J. Reynolds tr. L. de Marandé Iudgm. Humane Actions vi. vi. 310 Poets..lend Arrowes to this young Cupid, which are sharper then those he caries about him in his quiuer.
1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. i. 55 Love's Arrows are but shot at Rovers, Though all they hit, they turn to Lovers.
1727 E. F. Haywood Secret Hist. Present Intrigues Court of Caramania 177 The blissful Arrow which fix'd me ever yours.
1796 S. T. Coleridge Poems Var. Subj. 75 When twang'd an arrow from Love's mystic string.
1841 J. S. Knowles Old Maids ii. iii. 43 Love at first sight!—The arrow in the core!
1895 M. J. O'Neill How he does It ix. 115 That ruler who would try to stop young love's heart-piercing arrow.
1925 N.Y. Times 4 Jan. ii. 1/7 Hits from Cupid's arrows have reduced the number of Britain's war widows by 36 per cent.
1962 Amer. Jrnl. Nursing 62 57/3 There are times when I wish the lad with bow and arrow would take a sabbatical.
2012 South China Morning Post (Nexis) 8 Apr. 17 The pesky god of love shoots an arrow, transforming him into the classic courtly lover.
(b) The penis. Cf. quiver n.1 2. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > sex organs > male sex organs > [noun] > penis
weapona1000
tarsec1000
pintleOE
cock?c1335
pillicock?c1335
yard1379
arrowa1382
looma1400
vergea1400
instrumentc1405
fidcocka1475
privya1500
virile member (or yard)?1541
prickc1555
tool1563
pillock1568
penis1578
codpiece1584
needle1592
bauble1593
dildo1597
nag1598
virility1598
ferret1599
rubigo?a1600
Jack1604
mentula1605
virge1608
prependent1610
flute1611
other thing1628
engine1634
manhood1640
cod1650
quillity1653
rammer1653
runnion1655
pego1663
sex1664
propagator1670
membrum virile1672
nervea1680
whore-pipe1684
Roger1689
pudding1693
handle?1731
machine1749
shaft1772
jock1790
poker1811
dickyc1815
Johnny?1833
organ1833
intromittent apparatus1836
root1846
Johnson1863
Peter1870
John Henry1874
dickc1890
dingusc1890
John Thomasc1890
old fellowc1890
Aaron's rod1891
dingle-dangle1893
middle leg1896
mole1896
pisser1896
micky1898
baby-maker1902
old man1902
pecker1902
pizzle1902
willy1905
ding-dong1906
mickey1909
pencil1916
dingbatc1920
plonkerc1920
Johna1922
whangera1922
knob1922
tube1922
ding1926
pee-pee1927
prong1927
pud1927
hose1928
whang1928
dong1930
putz1934
porkc1935
wiener1935
weenie1939
length1949
tadger1949
winkle1951
dinger1953
winky1954
dork1961
virilia1962
rig1964
wee-wee1964
Percy1965
meat tool1966
chopper1967
schlong1967
swipe1967
chode1968
trouser snake1968
ding-a-ling1969
dipstick1970
tonk1970
noonies1972
salami1977
monkey1978
langer1983
wanker1987
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Ecclus. xxvi. 15 Aȝen alle arewe [L. sagittam] [she] shal opene quyuere [L.V. a1425 Royal schal opene the arowe caas aȝens eche arowe; ?a1425 Claud., glossed that is, schal schewe hir schamefast membris to ech that axith; mannus ȝerde is clepid an arowe at Ebreys.]
1592 R. Greene Disput. Conny-catcher sig. A3 An harlot, whose quiuer is open to euery arrow.
1612 Mr. King tr. Benvenuto Passenger i. iv. 273 Shee endeauoured to make mee shoot mine arrow [It. dardo] at the naturall marke.
1656 Wit & Drollery 19 Luce..Was leacherous as any Sparrow, Her Quiver ope to every Arrow.
1749 J. Cleland Mem. Woman of Pleasure II. 240 I had now totally taken in love's true arrow from the point up to the feather.
3. A mark, symbol, drawing, pattern, etc., resembling an arrow or arrowhead in shape or appearance.
a. Such a design existing or created without intention of conveying information about movement, direction, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > [noun] > representation of specific things
lion?a1366
serpent1388
ray1461
falcon1525
arrow1548
spread eagle1550
hand in hand1583
tortoise1648
turban1687
mouthpiece1832
sun wheel1865
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > representation in art > [noun] > an artistic representation > others
quathriganc1175
starc1384
yoke1415
sheafc1420
arrow1548
thunder-dart1569
memento mori1598
quadriga1600
Triton1601
anchor1621
chimera1634
forest-work1647
Bacchanaliaa1680
Bacchanal1753
subject1781
harp1785
mask1790
arrowhead1808
gorgoneion1842
Amazonomachia1845
Amazonomachy1893
mythograph1893
physicomorph1895
horns of consecration1901
double image1939
motion study1977
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. ix Cloth of siluer, enbroudered with..arrowes of golde.
1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie iii. f. 28v T. Beareth to hys Creste, fiue arrowes in fasce, with Pheons d'Argente, fethered Gules.
1645 Signes & Wonders from Heaven (title page) A Monster borne in Ratcliffe High-way, at the signe of the three Arrows.
1705 R. Beverley Hist. Virginia iii. vi. 23 The usual mark [painted on the Indians' shoulders] is one, two or three Arrows.
1799 M. M. Sherwood Margarita IV. iv. 76 The mark of an arrow which I have upon my arm.
1846 Ladies' Garland Jan. 3/2 A vase with arrows painted on it.
1865 Building News 14 Apr. 269/2 His mark was an arrow on a shield between his initials.
1938 Manch. Guardian 12 Sept. 8/5 Usually the bodice is decorated with arrows or other designs.
1971 E. Kaiser & E. Wilkins tr. S. Lenz German Lesson v. 89 The initials, the arrows and hearts carved in the door.
2008 Irish Times 17 Mar. 17/2 When he is on the phone his hand moves unthinkingly and thickets of double-headed arrows fill up the margins.
b. Such a mark used as a pointer (e.g. on a sign) to indicate a particular direction, position, or route; also used as a guide to orientation, or to draw attention to something.
ΚΠ
?1735 Emblems for Entertainm. & Improvem. Youth (new ed.) Pl. LI (caption) An Arrow inclining to the Pole-Star.
1816 Country Courier 2 Sept. 404/2 Having marked arrows (pointing downwards) upon the slab-stones around the little passage from which we had ascended.
1889 G. M. Hopkins Exper. Sci. xii. 238 If its plane be parallel to the polarizer,..the light will be again reflected in the direction indicated by the arrow.
1911 J. M. Barrie Peter & Wendy iv. 64 ‘There it is,’ said Peter calmly. ‘Where, where?’ ‘Where all the arrows are pointing’.
1987 Associated Press Newswire (Nexis) 13 Sept. A padlocked wooden box with arrows..drawn on the sides indicating which side was up.
2002 P. Long Guide to Rural Wales vii. 266 Follow the arrows to the workshop at the back.
c. Such a symbol used on a map or diagram to represent a course, movement, or flow (as of a river, current, travelling group of people, etc.). Cf. arrowhead n. 2c.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > representation > physical representation of abstraction > symbolizing > [noun] > a symbol > specific symbols > others
Samian letter1616
A1651
Tetragrammaton1656
arrow1744
arrowhead1832
wind1847
scarlet letter1850
sun wheel1865
sacred axe1866
rising sun1868
crow's foot1871
Easter rabbit1881
hexagram1882
sun sign1882
Easter bunny1900
Staffordshire knot1908
sinsigna1914
tectiform1921
padma1954
smiley face1957
happy face1971
lexigram1973
emoticon1988
smiley1989
1744 Philos. Trans. 1740–41 (Royal Soc.) 41 526 The Arrows..are all pointed Westward; and that, I presume, will be as much to the Purpose I am upon, as if the whole Stream went due West.
1789 E. Hewgill tr. J. G. Tielke Field Engineer II. iii. viii. 213 The course of the smallest stream should be marked by an arrow.
1834 Penny Cycl. II. 156/1 The direction of the earth's motion, represented by the arrow.
1882 J. D. Everett Deschanel's Elem. Treat. Nat. Philos. (ed. 6) 6 If the directions of all three arrows are reversed, the forces will still be in equilibrium.
1943 National Geographic Mag. Dec. 644 (caption) Wide arrows show how warm air rises over the heated equatorial region and flows north in the Northern Hemisphere.
1961 M. G. Say Electr. Engineer's Ref. Bk. (ed. 10) i. 100 The arrows indicating whether the current is an input to or an output from the ring.
2006 K. D. Rose Beginning Age Mammals i. 19 (caption) Numbered arrows indicate hypothesized dispersal routes during the Early Paleogene.
d. Computing. Esp. in a graphical user interface: a pointer (pointer n. 2g) in the form of an arrow or arrowhead. Also more fully mouse arrow (when the input device is a mouse).
ΘΚΠ
society > computing and information technology > [noun] > user interface > symbol on
arrow1977
icon1982
1977 Sci. Amer. Sept. 234/2 A pointing device called a mouse..controls the position of an arrow on the screen as it is pushed about on the table beside the display.
1992 Personal Computer World Jan. 418/2 If you double-click on the object when the pointer is an arrow, you will get the Format Patterns dialogue box for that object.
2003 Internet Advisor Nov. 116/3 You use this [sc. the scroll bar] to scroll up and down through the pages of the Web site by clicking and dragging it with your mouse arrow.
4. Astronomy. With the and capital initial. (The English name of ) the northern constellation Sagitta. Chiefly as a conscious translation.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > constellation > Northern constellations > [noun] > Sagitta
arrow1550
sagitta1704
1550 W. Salesbury tr. Proclus Descr. Sphere sig. E.ivv The Harpe, the Byrde, the Arow [L. Sagitta], the Egle, the Dolphyn.
1653 Antiquity & Excellency Globes 21 The fifteenth is called in Latine Sagita, the Arrow or Dart, it containeth 5 stars in all.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Sagitta The Arrow, a Constellation of the Northern Hemisphere.
1868 W. Lockyer & J. N. Lockyer tr. A. Guillemin Heavens (ed. 3) 328 The Fox, the Arrow, the Dolphin..contain no remarkable star.
2001 P. Moore 2002 Yearbk. Astron. i. 113 Delphinus is not the only small constellation in the region, but the others—Equuleus (the Little Horse), Sagitta (the Arrow) and Vulpecula (the Fox) are much less conspicuous.
5.
a. The primary shoot of a vine or tree; a shoot, twig, etc., which in pruning is left to run up and form the main stem. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [noun] > bough or branch > young branch, twig, or shoot
sprittle?c1225
leader1572
arrow1574
graft1576
thief1669
leading shoot1712
coppice shoot1851
Lammas shoot1929
1574 J. Baret Aluearie A 491 Arrowe: the longest twigge that is left in the vine when it is cut.
1745 tr. L. J. M. Columella Of Husbandry iii. xvii Rustics call the utmost or last part of the shoot the Arrow [L. sagittam].
b. The flowering stalk of sugar cane. Also: the inflorescence of sugar cane, an arrow-shaped open panicle with pale mauve or white flowers. Also in arrow: flowering, having an arrow or arrows. The sugar cane inflorescence is also called a tassel.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > plants yielding sugar or syrup > [noun] > sugar-cane > parts of
ratoon1631
arrow1750
1750 G. Hughes Nat. Hist. Barbados viii. 244 There are but few Canes, especially if they grow in a deep Soil, that shoot out into an Arrow decorated at the Top with a Pannicle.
1779 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 69 278 All canes have not arrows, and the coming out of an arrow depends on the season, and not on the age of the cane.
1833 M. Scott Tom Cringle's Log II. viii. 370 The cane-fields, then in arrow.
1879 Times 1 Nov. 7/6 Notwithstanding the genial weather, the ‘arrow’ or cane flower is slow in developing.
1929 H. A. A. Nicholls & J. H. Holland Text-bk. Trop. Agric. (ed. 2) ii. v. 187 In October, the canes throw out flowering stems, called arrows, and these are long terminal shoots bearing pyramidal tufts of mauve-coloured, downy blossoms.
1990 C. N. Babu Sugarcane (ed. 2) iv. 104 The roots establish and the arrows can be pollinated without difficulty.
2000 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 15 June 60/2 Infinite acres of the cane in arrow.
6. Mathematics. The versed sine; (also) an abscissa of a point of a conic section. Now historical and rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > geometry > [noun] > branches of > trigonometry > functions of > versed sine
shaft1552
versed sine1581
arrow1594
sagitta1675
co-versed sine1706
verse-sine1772
suversed sine1782
versina1831
1594 T. Blundeville Exercises ii. f. 48 Sinus versus..is also called in Latine Sagitta, in English a Shaft or Arrowe, for the Demonstratiue figure thereof..is not vnlike to the string of a bowe ready bent hauing a Shaft in the midst thereof.
1668 J. Collins Let. Dec. in H. Oldenburg Corr. (1968) V. 345 Both require the Diameter, whereof one part is given to wit the Versed Sine, or arrow of the Segment.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Abscisse, Abscissa Others call 'em Sagitt‎æ, Arrows.
1851 J. W. Colenso Plane Trigonom. (ed. 2) I. ii. 40 The name versed-sine is not so easy to explain: but BN was formerly called from its position the sagitta, or arrow, of the bow.
1942 A. D. Bradley Math. of Air & Marine Navigation 47 It was formerly called the sagitta, or arrow.
7. Surveying. A metal or metal-tipped rod placed in the ground by a surveyor to mark each chain length; = chain-pin n. at chain n. Compounds 3. Cf. chain n. 9a.In quot. ?a1560, an actual arrow used for this purpose.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > surveying > [noun] > surveying instruments > chain > arrow used to guide a measuring chain
arrow1600
broach1600
?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) i. xix. sig. F v Whatsoeuer you mete the space G E withall, whether it be halberd, bill, arrow or staffe.]
1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique v. i. 653 The measurer must be prouided of ten or twelue arrowes [Fr. fleiches], otherwise called little broches or prickes..to guide the chaine.
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Surveying He ought likewise to have ten arrows, or small strait sticks, near two feet long, shod with iron ferrils..The leader sticks one of the ten arrows in the ground at the far end of the chain.
1884 J. W. Browne Hardware (ed. 2) 213 Land chain arrows (in sets of ten). Best Japanned No. 11 Steel Wire..1/- per set.
1915 J. Williamson Surv. & Fieldwork iii. 34 When ten chain lengths have been measured and the leader has put in his last arrow he leaves the chain lying on the ground.
2015 T. Banning in T. P. Harrison et al. Walls of Prince 66 Survey arrows and stakes: It is of course necessary to use non-ferrous stakes to lay out a grid for a magnetometer survey.
8. An object or ornament resembling an arrow in shape or appearance.When used as a pointer, not always distinguishable from sense 3b.
ΚΠ
1600 T. Nashe Summers Last Will sig. H It is pitty but he should haue another siluer arrow, if it be but for crossing the stage, with his cap on.
1726 Daily Post 19 July The Company of Archers made a fine Parade through this City to shoot for a Silver Arrow on the Links of Leith.
1796 tr. G. de Montjoie Hist. Conspiracy M. Robespierre 25 Every one was desirous to have these electric arrows [i.e. lightning conductors].
1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth iv, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. I. 96 It was a small ruby cut into the form of a heart, transfixed with a golden arrow.
1891 Harper's Bazar 24 Jan. 67/1 Her hair..was fastened high on her head with a gold arrow.
1922 Amer. Florist 4 Feb. 140/3 A display of corsages of small baskets and Colonial bouquets, each with its gilt arrow.
1959 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. 63 219/1 She had on her hair a decorative silver arrow with a gilded animal-style bird's head.
2004 L. Kogan in G. C. Wertkin Encycl. Amer. Folk Art 10 The catalog prices for these weathervanes ranged from four dollars for a small arrow to one hundred dollars for a large eagle.
9. Fortification. An arrowhead-shaped rudimentary fieldwork placed at the salient angle of the glacis. Cf. flèche n. 1, redan n. 1. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > earthwork or rampart > [noun] > outwork > angular outworks
priest's cap1446
priest's bonnet1685
swallowtail1688
flèche1710
arrow1747
1747 J. Muller Attack & Def. Fortify'd Places ii. 155 Construct..detached Redouts, Arrows, and such other kinds of Out-works, which oblige the Enemy to open their Trenches at a greater distance.
1780 L. Lochée Elements of Fortification 124 The work..raised at the saliant and re-entring angles of the glacis, is called fleche or arrow.
1839 F. A. Griffiths Artillerist's Man. 221 A fleche or arrow is constructed along the foot of the glacis before the re-entering and salient places of arms.
1855 J. S. B. Gloss. Mil. Terms 18 Flêche, or Arrow, a work consisting merely of two faces, forming a salient angle.
10. Darts slang. A dart.
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society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > darts > [noun] > dart
dart1901
arrow1936
1936 Manch. Guardian 17 Apr. 11/7 The most distinguished performer in the cup competition threw a straight arrow.
1981 R. Lewis Seek for Justice iii. 94 Freddy's arrows kept hitting the wire.
2015 Daily Star Online (Nexis) 7 Oct. After years of writing about darts for Starsport,..I was invited to put down my pen and pick up some arrows for a change.
11. Mathematics. A map from one mathematical structure to another. More generally: a morphism in a category (category n. Additions 3).
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the world > relative properties > number > arithmetic or algebraic operations > transformation > [noun] > correspondence
correspondence1866
mapping1900
transformation1908
map1949
arrow1961
1961 Illinois Jrnl. Math. 5 105 This arrow is continuous since I is Hausdorff.
1978 Amer. Math. Monthly 85 260 A preorder in fact is simply a category in which there is at most one arrow between objects.
1998 Math. of Program Constr.: 4th Internat. Conf. 286 Programs are arrows of a category whose objects are data types.
2015 M. Barot Introd. Representation Theory Algebras vi. 93 The arrows in ind A are morphisms which lie in rad(ind A) but not in rad2(ind A).

Phrases

P1.
arrow of time n. = time's arrow n. at time n., int., and conj. Compounds 2.
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the world > time > [noun] > time's arrow
arrow of time1917
time's arrow1928
1917 Boston Sunday Post 13 May 37/1 Like an old building, redolent with historic traditions.., so does ‘Treasure Island’ cause the spectator the sensation that he has pushed back the whirring arrow of time and is viewing what his ancestors once regarded as ‘the real thing’.
1929 Science 25 Oct. 395/1 If we had a system in absolute equilibrium the entropy would be constant, and there would then be no arrow of time.
1977 P. C. W. Davies Space & Time in Mod. Universe iii. 60 Many authors refer to the arrow of time or the direction of time and do not make the distinction between time asymmetry and the flow of time.
2009 Sarasota (Florida) Herald-Tribune (Nexis) 29 Oct. 1 From birth to death, we travel the arrow of time on a decidedly one-way road.
P2. straight arrow: see straight adj., n., and adv. Compounds 1c.

Compounds

C1.
a. General attributive and similative.
arrow length n.
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1882 Young Folks 25 Mar. 93 'Tis not a dozen arrow-lengths away.
1959 Washington Post 22 Dec. d4/6 Your draw length governs your arrow length.
2004 S. Ruis & C. Stevenson Precision Archery viii. 125 Arrow stiffness can be ‘tuned’ by adjusting arrow lengths.
arrow speed n.
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1834 Tait's Edinb. Mag. June 339/1 The years with arrow-speed glide by.
1991 D. Schuh Fund. Bowhunting i. 8 Draw weight is a major influence on arrow speed.
2015 Public Opinion (Chambersburg, Pa.) (Nexis) 18 July Three or four different bow models that only vary by..3 or 4 feet per second in advertised arrow speed.
arrow wound n.
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1796 T. Holcroft tr. F. L. Stolberg Trav. I. xxxv. 229 Saint Sebastian..with two arrow wounds in his side.
1870 W. C. Bryant tr. Homer Iliad I. viii. 262 An arrow-wound or gash of spear, Given as he leaps on board.
1944 Oregon Hist. Q. 45 384 He..bears the scar from an arrow wound.
2010 Arts & Bk. Rev. (Nexis) 14 May 30 An arrow wound received at the siege of Methone.
b. Objective.
(a)
arrow-bearing adj.
ΚΠ
?a1656 J. Poole Eng. Parnassus (1657) 165 Quiver. Clashing, clattering,..arrow-bearing, gilded.
1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian xiv*, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. IV. 359 Woggarwolfe's arrow-bearing page.
1988 South Atlantic Rev. 53 68 Venus with her arrow-bearing son.
arrow-firing n. and adj.
ΚΠ
1836 Daily Atlas (Boston) 17 June This arrow firing was performed by 26 of their men.
1965 Phoenix 19 14 An arrow-firing catapult..could hit an individual at 100 paces.
1999 Agence France Presse (Nexis) 6 Aug. Knowledge of her arrow firing was not public until this week.
2016 Calgary (Alberta) Herald (Nexis) 19 Mar. e8 Residents are trying to protect homes from arrow-firing enemies.
arrow-making adj. and n.
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1671 J. Ogilby tr. A. Montanus Remarkable Addr. 294 The Neugori..are divided into Praying, Arrow-making and Fighting-Persons.
1792 W. M. Moseley Ess. Archery 117 The tree called Cornus, was formerly much celebrated for Arrow-making.
1873 C. Rau Anc. Aboriginal Trade N. Amer. 41 Another method of arrow-making practised by the Californian tribes.
1974 Washington Post 2 Aug. d7/5 An arrow-making demonstration.
2015 Esquire (U.K. ed.) (Nexis) Jan. Shake hands with arrow-making guy.
arrow-shooting n. and adj.
ΚΠ
1748 Jacobite's Jrnl. 13 Aug. The..Ceremony of the Arrow-Shooting at Harrow on the Hill.
1842 Court Mag. 1 Dec. 220 Hunting and arrow shooting.
1931 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. 35 455 The..shield did not give sufficient protection from these arrow-shooting armies.
2007 Bow Internat. No. 44. 32/1 A multi-barrelled arrow-shooting device.
(b)
arrow maker n.
ΚΠ
1305 in G. Fransson Middle Eng. Surnames (1935) 155 (MED) Ric. Le Aruwemakiere.
1498 in M. E. Grimwade Index Probate Rec. Court Archdeacon of Sudbury (1984) I. 328 (modernized text) Kyng, John, arrow maker, Sudbury.
1541 in D. H. Fleming Registrum Secreti Sigilli Regum Scotorum (1921) II. 634/1 Johne Forestare, arrowmaker to our soverane lord.
1681 J. Chetham Angler's Vade Mecum i. 3 Let the Arrow-maker divide this with a Saw.
1751 Chambers's Cycl. (ed. 7) Arrow-makers are called fletchers.
1855 H. W. Longfellow Hiawatha x. 131 At the doorway of his wigwam Sat the ancient Arrow-maker.
1950 Manch. Guardian 15 Aug. 5/2 Many archers still prefer to use wooden bows, and a handful of skilled arrow-makers carry on.
2014 B. J. Sorrells Guide to Longbow v. 40 Footed shafts..are generally only available from specialty arrow makers.
arrow shooter n.
ΚΠ
1809 Lit. Panorama Aug. 918 They are..good horsemen and arrow-shooters.
1978 Britannia 9 2 (caption) Arrow-shooter..of Vitruvius.
2011 Daily Examiner (Grafton, New S. Wales) (Nexis) 10 Mar. 3 The arrow shooter has not been brought to justice.
arrow straightener n.
ΚΠ
1877 Amer. Naturalist 11 266 The arrow-straighteners or polishers..for polishing or straightening the wooden shafts of arrows.
1935 Discovery July 207/2 Eskimo carvings in ivory—human figures,..arrow-straighteners, toggles, [etc.].
2006 D. Maybury-Lewis in N. Haenn & R. R. Wilk Environment in Anthropol. xxxvi. 396 They..used the bones to make arrow straighteners, bows, mallets.
c. Instrumental, as arrow-pierced, arrow-smitten, etc.
ΚΠ
1635 F. Quarles Emblemes v. xi. Epigr. 287 The Arrow-smitten Hart, deep wounded, flies To th' Springs with water in his weeping eyes.
1784 E. Jones Mus. Relicks Welsh Bards 44/1 Master of the broken spear, And the arrow-pierced shield.
1861 A. T. Jones Ulah 83 High The trembling voice essayed to fly; Swift but uncertain cleft the air, And hung awhile suspended there; Then dropped, like arrow-smitten bird.
1998 T. C. de B. Franco in M. G. Plew Explor. in Amer. Archaeol. ii. 9 The act of pulling the arrow wounded fish.
2014 I. C. Esslemont Assail x. 354 The arrow-pierced corpse of..an old man..lay upon the stairs.
d. Parasynthetic.
arrow-leaved adj.
ΚΠ
1764 J. Hill Veg. Syst. VII. 58 Arrow-leaved Withwind.
1812 W. Withering Withering's Systematic Arrangem. Brit. Plants (rev. ed.) III. 972 Arrow-leaved Splachnum.
1857 A. Gray First Lessons Bot. viii. 59 The Arrow-leaved Polygonum.
1899 Trans Kansas Acad. Sci. 1897–8 16 107 Lactuca sagittifolia, arrow-leaved lettuce; flowers close at noon.
1907 Bath (Maine) Independent & Enterprise 8 June 3/4 In April and May the arrow-leaved violet is found.
1984 C. G. Hunter Wildflowers Arkansas 68 P. sagittatum, Arrow-leaved Tear-thumb, has short white flower heads scattered over the top part of the plants.
2004 T. Wheeler Falklands & S. Georgia 65 Wildflowers include..the arrow-leaved marigold (Calitha sagittata).
arrow-pointed adj.
ΚΠ
1759 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. (ed. 7) at Chelidonium Four broad Petals..surrounding a long cylindrical Germen, crowned by an Arrow-pointed Stigma.
1883 F. H. Cushing in 2nd. Ann. Rep. Bureau Amer. Ethnol. 1880–1 9 Lightning is often given the form of a serpent, with or without an arrow-pointed tongue.
1926 M. Leinster Dew on Leaf i. vi. 75 Arrow-pointed specks of birds in flight.
2008 Archit. Hist. 51 145 The small, arrow-pointed pediments that crowned each window.
arrow-shaped adj.
ΚΠ
1662 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anatomy iv. v. 340/2 In the middle betwixt these two is the Suture termed Sagittalis or Arrow-shap'd, because it runs in a streight line all along the Head, like an Arrow, betwixt the Coronal and Lambda-shap'd Sutures.
1765 J. Lee Introd. Bot. (ed. 2) 473 Sagittatum folium, an Arrow-shaped Leaf.
1842 Morning Chron. 27 Oct. Lamps..glittered, suspended between the arrow-shaped turrets of the imperial and privileged mosques.
1881 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1880 278 These crystals were frequently arrow-shaped, and generally much elongated.
1935 Times 18 Dec. 17/4 Special arrow-shaped labels, coloured blue,..will be affixed to each package.
1996 R. Mabey Flora Britannica 304/1 Hedge bindweed, with its large white trumpet-flowers and mats of arrow-shaped leaves, is a handsome plant.
2003 Backwoods Home Mag. Nov. 37/3 Rattlesnakes..have..a distinctive triangular-shaped or arrow-shaped head.
C2.
arrow arum n. either of two wetland plants of the genus Peltandra (family Araceae), P. sagittifolia and P. virginica, native to eastern North America, having arrow-shaped leaves, green or white spathes, and edible rhizomes.Cf. tuckahoe n. 1, wake-robin n. 2(a).
ΚΠ
1843 J. Torrey Flora State N.Y. II. 241 Peltandra..Arrow Arum.
1916 Landscape Archit. July 188 Arrow arum is a marsh herb with arrow-shaped leaves on long petioles, growing 2 to 3 feet high.
1980 Washington Post 31 Oct. (Weekend section) 45/3 Sturdy wooden bridges that span valleys of arrow arum and pickerel-weed.
2015 M. M. Lewis Southern Sanctuary 151 Now at the end of October, only remnants of arrow arum (Peltandra virginica) are visible above the dark swamp water.
arrowback adj. and n. originally and chiefly U.S. (a) adj. designating a chair having a back supported by vertical arrow-shaped spindles; (b) n. a chair back of this type; (also) a chair with such a back.
ΚΠ
1924 Kingston (N.Y.) Daily Freeman 7 July 9/1 Antique arrow back child's high chair.
1932 N.Y. Times 17 Apr. 23/2 (advt.) Chairs with..arrow backs.
1992 Cent. Home Feb. 44/3 Ladderbacks and arrowbacks complement the harvest table.
2012 Sarasota (Florida) Herald Tribune (Nexis) 12 July 5 Oak tables and country-style wood arrowback chairs.
arrow bag n. a bag for holding arrows, a quiver.
ΚΠ
1504 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1900) II. 441 For ane arow bag of ane brok skin.
1667 in J. R. N. Macphail Highland Papers (1916) II. 44 Putting hir arrow bagg on the end of his bow.
1894 O. T. Mason N. Amer. Bows, Arrows, & Quivers 668 Throughout the area of fur-bearing animals the pelt of any one of them of sufficient size served as a quiver or arrow bag.
1967 E. B. Mitchell & T. D. Allen Miracle Hill ii. 12 Quickly he put his arrow back into the buckskin arrow bag.
2013 M. Loades Longbow 41/1 The..archer carried his personal sheaf in a linen arrow-bag. These bags had a leather separator to prevent the fletchings from crushing... The bag..could be..weatherproofed and pulled up.
arrow case n. a quiver.
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society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > arrow > [noun] > quiver
cockereOE
quiver1322
arrow casea1382
tarcays1490
bolt-bag1562
quiver case1568
dorlach1575
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 370) (1850) 1 Chron. xviii. 7 Dauid toke the golden arewe cases [L. faretras].
1578 in G. J. Piccope Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1860) II. 60 An arrowe case of strawe with locke and kay.
1786 F. Grose Treat. Anc. Armour 39 A quiver, called also an arrow case.
1846 R. B. Sage Scenes Rocky Mts. viii. 74 The Medicine Soldier..slung his arrow-case over his naked shoulders.
1932 Parnassus 4 14 (caption) Lacquered Arrow Case with holly back crest in gold.
2011 S. Fadala Trad. Archery (ed. 2) xxii. 238 (caption) This rectangular arrow case..is tough and hard.
Arrow collar n. used attributively in allusion to an idealized type of man depicted in advertisements for ‘Arrow Collars’ and shirts in the early 20th cent., as conventionally handsome, sophisticated, clean-cut, etc.; esp. in arrow collar man.The images used in the highly successful advertising campaign beginning in 1907 until around 1931 for the ‘Arrow Collar’ (manufactured by New York company Cluett, Peabody & Co.) were created by U.S. artist J. C. Leyendecker.
ΚΠ
1915 Helena (Montana) Independent 7 May 2/3 Arrow collar men with sunshiny glows on their faces will put to shame the worshipped posters in the street cars.
1935 C. Odets Awake & Sing! i. 47 I know what she's looking for. An arrow-collar guy, a hero, but with a wad of jack.
1990 B. Eisler in C. Giboire Compl. Corr. G. O'Keeffe & A. Pollitzer Introd. p. xvii Good looking in an ‘Arrow-collar’ way, with a knife-sharp part in his hair.
2015 L. D. Estleman Detroit Beat 71 These weren't the Arrow Collar men J. Edgar Hoover liked to parade before cameras, but two of the cowboys the Bureau employed to toughen its center.
arrow draught n. Obsolete the distance which an arrow travels when shot from a bow, a bowshot; cf. arrow shot n. (b).
ΚΠ
a1425 (?c1350) Ywain & Gawain (1964) l. 2026 Þe mountance of ane arow-draght.
?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 118 (MED) Þe ferthe [host] commez behind him, as it ware ane arow draght [?a1400 Titus bowe draught].
arrow finger n. either of the fingers used to draw a bow; spec. the index finger.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > external parts of body > limb > digit > finger > [noun] > forefinger
teacherc1290
lickpot1387
index1398
showing finger?a1425
forefingerc1450
first finger?1530
insignitor1598
demonstrator1657
trigger finger1829
pointling1840
index finger1849
index-digit1866
arrow finger1875
weft-finger1880
1875 H. J. S. Maine Lect. Early Hist. Inst. ix. 256 You must call the forefinger the ‘arrow’-finger.
1911 A. Noyes Sherwood i. i. 4 His right hand lacks the thumb and arrow-finger.
2012 South Wales Argus (Nexis) 3 July The French hacked the arrow fingers off captured Welsh archers.
arrow flight n. (a) the distance which an arrow travels when shot from a bow, a bowshot; cf. arrow shot n. (b); (b) a volley of arrows (poetic and rare).
ΚΠ
1642 R. Maxwell in E. Borlase Hist. Execrable Irish Rebellion (1680) App. 133 They..drove her about an arrow flight to the Blackwater, and drowned her.
1808 W. Scott Marmion vi. xxvii. 356 Fell England's arrow-flight like rain.
1928 Boys' Life Aug. 3/3 Certain signs less than an arrow flight away down along the river bend.
1966 M. Alexander Battle of Maldon in Earliest Eng. Poems (1970) 166 Nor might any of them harm another Save who through arrow-flight fell dead.
2002 R. Holdstock Iron Grail (2005) xix. 249 Two arrow flights away, behind us, summer bloomed.
arrow formation n. formation of birds, aeroplanes, etc., in a shape resembling an arrowhead or V; (also) an instance of this, a V-formation.Quot. 1899 is possibly an attributive use of broad arrow (see broad arrow n. Compounds 1.).
ΚΠ
1899 Morning Oregonian (Portland, Oregon) 30 Sept. 1/4 The broad arrow formation still drove the head of the column forward unmolested through the ranks of the waiting vessels.
1912 New Castle (Pa.) News 21 Aug. 10/3 A large bolt of lightning came out of the sky and when a short distance from the tops of the buildings seemed to separate into an arrow formation.
1965 O. Whicher & J. Wrigley tr. T. Schwenk Sensitive Chaos 116 By studying the wing positions of the birds flying in arrow formation, Schieferstein was able to deduce [etc.].
2012 Times (Nexis) 10 Sept. The nine Hawk jets of the Red Arrows, trailing red, white and blue smoke as they bank in their trademark arrow formation.
arrow girdle n. Obsolete a girdle or belt for holding arrows.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > arrow > [noun] > girdle for arrows
arrow girdlea1382
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Job xxxix. 23 Vp on hym the arewe girdil [L. faretra] shal sounen; the spere and the sheeld shal braundishen.
a1425 (c1384) Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Corpus Oxf.) (1850) Ezek. xxvii. 11 Pigmeis..hangiden her arewgirdlis [a1425 L.V. arowe casis; L. faretras] in thi wallis.
1467 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 591 Fore ane arew gyrdille and a shaffte, vj.d.
arrow key n. Computing any of four keys on a computer keyboard, electronic control pad, or touch screen, which are marked with an arrow or arrowhead and move the cursor around a screen in the direction indicated by the arrow.
ΘΚΠ
society > computing and information technology > hardware > peripherals > [noun] > keyboard > individual keys
space bar1887
function key1930
delete key1963
esc1963
Alt mode1964
carriage return1965
return1965
return key1965
enter1966
Alt key1968
home key1968
arrow key1969
tab1969
control1976
delete1977
control key1978
cursor key1979
Alt1981
delete button1981
escape key1982
hot key1983
1969 R. A. Avner & P. Tenczar TUTOR Man. (Computer-based Educ. Res. Lab., Univ. of Illinois-Urbana) (1970) 14 By pressing the arrow key, the student can move the arrow to whatever question he wishes to address.
1981 Electronics 7 Apr. 171 The system has a standard keyboard with 12 extra control keys including arrow keys for text editing.
2010 Akron Beacon Jrnl. (Ohio) (Nexis) 12 Apr. If you..accidentally press the ‘up’ arrow key, you see that the phone starts to connect to the Web.
arrow line n. (a) a line shaped like an arrow, or marked by one or more arrowheads; (b) figurative a straight line between two points, resembling the trajectory of an arrow in flight; cf. beeline n.
ΚΠ
1793 E. Donovan Nat. Hist. Brit. Insects II. 10 Body and under Wings white, first Wings green, with two oblique arrow lines of pale yellow.
1843 J. H. Ingraham Fanny H— viii. 24/2 He..made an arrow line for Tony Taft's barber's shop.
1890 H. C. McCook Amer. Spiders II. ix. 270 The arrow line should not run directly westward from Valparaiso.
1984 M. Low in Surrealist Women vi. 409 You think along an arrow-line or down voiceless wells.
2015 C. Bovill Sustainability in Archit. & Urban Design 105 First draw the arrow line in the direction the window faces.
arrow loop n. (esp. in a medieval fortified building) a narrow vertical slit in a wall for shooting or looking through or to admit light and air; = arrow slit n.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > [noun] > loophole
loop1393
lancet-loupe1562
loophole1591
barbican1600
eyelet hole1774
arrow slit1789
meurtrière1802
murderess1802
shot-hole1819
arrowlet1837
arrow loop1840
eyelet1851
musket-slit1856
cross-oylet1859
shoot-hole1892
1840 R. Browning Sordello v. 209 She..thrid somehow, by some glimpse of arrow-loop, The turnings to the galleries below.
1985 Corfe Castle (National Trust) (1990) 19 The tower originally had four arrow-loops.
2012 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 16 Aug. c1 His army has taken up positions inside the Citadel, trading fire with insurgents through the castle's arrow loops.
arrow plant n. (a) (originally) an unidentified coniferous tree, perhaps of the genus Araucaria (obsolete. rare); (b) any of various aquatic plants having arrow-shaped leaves, esp. pickerel weed ( Pontederia cordata) and arrowhead (genus Sagittaria) (now rare).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > [noun] > pines and allies
pine treeeOE
pineOE
pine-nut treec1330
pineapplec1390
pineapple treea1398
mountain pine1597
pine1597
mountain pine1601
frankincense1611
rosin flower?1611
black pine1683
Scotch pine1706
yellow pine1709
Jersey pine1743
loblolly pine1760
mugoa1768
Scots pine1774
Scotch fir1777
arrow plant1779
scrub pine1791
Georgia pine1796
old field pine1797
tamarack1805
grey pine1810
pond pine1810
New Jersey pine1818
loblolly1819
Corsican pine1824
celery-top pine1827
toatoa1831
heavy-wooded pine1836
nut pine1845
celery pine1851
celery-topped pine1851
sugar-pine1853
western white pine1857
Jeffrey1858
Korean pine1858
lodge-pole pine1859
jack pine1863
whitebark pine1864
twisted pine1866
Monterey pine1868
tanekaha1875
chir1882
slash-pine1882
celery-leaved pine1883
knee-pine1884
knobcone pine1884
matsu1884
meadow pine1884
Alaska pine1890
limber pine1901
bristlecone pine1908
o-matsu1916
insignis1920
radiata1953
1779 T. Forrest Voy. New Guinea i. xi. 156 On cutting an arrow-plant (a species of pine), I found fresh water drop from it.
1881 Science 27 Aug. 410/2 The common arrow-plant, so named from the shape of the leaf, Pontedaria cordata, which is also good for large aquaria.
1906 State Crop Pest Comm. Louisiana Circular No. 6. 9 Tabanus stygius..follows the interesting habit of ovipositing on the upper surface of the leaves of the arrow plant. [Note] Sagittaria sp.
1958 N.Y. Times 30 Aug. 17/7 The muskrats feed of duck weed, water sweet-weed, arrow plants and cat tail.
arrow point n. the point or head of an arrow; also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > fact or condition of tapering > condition of tapering to a point > [noun] > pointed object or part
goadeOE
pikeOE
point1390
broad arrowhead1545
spire1551
pick1614–15
stob1637
icicle1644
arrow point1655
spike1718
jagger1825
spear-point1861
spear-head1894
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > arrow > [noun] > head of arrow
headOE
arrowhead1384
bolt-head1483
arrow point1655
1655 R. Fanshawe tr. L. de Camoens Lusiad ix. xliii. 182 His Iv'ry Bow,..Whose Arrow-points are tagg'd with heads of Gold.
1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 425 One of those flint arrow-points.
1887 Harper's Mag. Nov. 944/2 When I met him at the arrow-point between Broadway and Fifth Avenue.
1934 Primitive Man 7 37 Arrows were tipped with arrowpoints of iron and bronze.
2011 Botswana Notes & Rec. 43 133 We believe that this engraved bone artefact is most likely an arrow point.
arrow poison n. a toxin used to poison the tip of an arrow, esp. curare, which is obtained from the bark and stems of some South American plants.
ΚΠ
1769 E. Bancroft Ess. Nat. Hist. Guiana 101 The Woorara, which is the principal ingredient in the composition of the fatal Indian arrow poison of that name.
1899 Edinb. Rev. July 159 Curare..is the arrow poison of Guiana.
2011 M. D. Larsen in R. D. Miller & M. C. Pardo Basics of Anesthesia (ed. 6) i. 7/1 Arrow poisons and blowguns were an integral part of many primitive cultures.
arrow-poison frog n. the poison arrow frog (genus Dendrobates and related genera, family Dendrobatidae); also with distinguishing word.
ΚΠ
1936 Ann. Rep. Smithsonian Inst. 1935 55 Dr. James Zetek, Canal Zone, Panama, 60 arrow-poison frogs, 12 yellow atelopus.
1994 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 345 83/1 An Ecuadorian poison arrow frog, Epipedobates tricolor, secretes a compound which blocks pain 200 times as effectively as morphine.
2004 C. Baldwin Living in Rain Forest 7 Brightly colored arrow-poison frogs live in the rain forests of Central and South America.
arrow prayer n. a short prayer to God, esp. in spontaneous response to events in daily life; cf. ejaculation n. 4b.
ΚΠ
1878 Friend 21 Sept. 45/1 Every time when we feel our need, let us say, ‘Lord help!’ I believe I have seen it reported that this was the celebrated Rowland Hill's constant aspiration as he walked... He called it ‘his arrow prayer.’
1931 E. D. Sedding Hidden Garden of Prayer vii. 26 A number of such short arrow-prayers are printed..for use on various occasions.
2012 J. George Leader after God's Own Heart iii. 43 Sometimes there's only time to lift up an ‘arrow prayer’, and then act.
arrow-proof adj. impervious or resistant to arrows.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > [adjective] > proof against weapons
cannon-proof1588
pistol-proof1590
sword-proofa1593
musket-proof1603
arrow-proof1612
shot-free1616
bomb-proof1702
splinter-proof1834
bullet-proof1856
metal proof1906
hard1958
1612 R. Coverte True Rep. Englishman 31 Armour tied on with strings, being but onely Arrow proofe.
1759 J. Lindsay Voy. Coast Afr. xiii. 102 A flat floating vessel..; which I would also have made arrow proof.
1831 Tatler 1 Nov. 417/2 Our author and his party..were obliged to provide themselves with arms and with arrow-proof dresses.
1906 Daily Chron. 13 Nov. 6/4 The horsemen..upon horses dressed in thick arrow-proof coats.
2001 P. Dearen Hidden Treasure of Chisos ii. 8 They had thick shields and arrow-proof leather vests.
arrow range n. the distance that an arrow can be shot.
ΚΠ
1833 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Dec. 933/2 I pray you hold back out of arrow-range.
1917 E. R. Gregor White Otter ii. 20 White Otter stopped before he was within arrow-range.
2009 Hist. Workshop Jrnl. Spring 192 They kept the royal party carefully out of arrow range.
arrow rest n. Archery a projection above the handle of a bow, upon which the arrow rests when shooting; (also) a bow attachment designed for this purpose; cf. arrow shelf n.
ΚΠ
1879 Canad. Patent Office Rec. Nov. 181/2 The combination of the arrow rest..with the looped ends of the arms.
1972 T. Foy Beginner's Guide to Archery iii. 26 One end of the handle will curve into the bow, while the other end will be flat to support the arrow or may even have a fitted arrow-rest.
2012 Murray Valley (Austral.) Standard (Nexis) 13 Nov. 17 His arrow rest had moved causing his arrows not to fly true.
arrow shaft n. a long slender rod forming the body of an arrow; (also) an arrow.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > arrow > [noun] > shaft of arrow
shaftc1000
tree?a1366
arrow shaft1373
steal1530
stale1553
1373–5 Acct. Exchequer King's Remembrancer (P.R.O.: E101/397/10) m. 3 MlMl quarelshaftes..viijMD. arughshaftes.
1400 in C. Frost Early Hist. Hull (1827) App. 6 j last beer, lx scaphis, ij m arowshaftes.
?1525 in T. D. Whitaker Hist. & Antiq. Deanery of Craven (1812) 258 Item, a dozen and a halfe brede arrow shafts, iiis.
1658 J. Palmer Catholique Planisphær vii. 17 You may make a long handle to your File, like an arrow shaft.
1801 R. Southey Thalaba II. x. 244 In his hand He graspt an arrow-shaft, And he rushed on to strike him.
1888 J. Hunter-Duvar De Roberval ii. ix. 79 The tired hunter finds no..beast at which to aim an arrowshaft.
1909 Amer. Anthropologist 11 Pl. V (caption) Bison horn spoon..; bone objects..; Arrow-shaft straightener.
2008 U. McGovern Lost Crafts (2009) 53 Fletches (traditionally made from feathers) are added to the other end of the arrow shaft to aid flight.
arrow shelf n. Archery a projection above the handle of a bow, upon which the arrow rests when shooting; cf. arrow rest n.
ΚΠ
1932 Archery Rev. June 15/1 A heavy round iron grip of a take-down bow with an offset and arrow shelf.
1994 Bowhunting World Feb. 67/1 Some primitive flatbows had narrowed handle sections.., but none had a center-cut handle and arrow shelf as we know it.
2014 B. J. Sorrells Guide to Longbow iii. 28 The arrow shelves on these bows are cut well past center.
arrow shot n. (a) the action or an act of shooting an arrow; an arrow or arrows so shot; (b) the distance which an arrow travels when shot from a bow, a bowshot.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of length > [noun] > units of length or distance > distance covered by a bow-shot
draughtc1330
arrow shotc1487
start1820
society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > use of bow and arrow > [noun] > discharging arrow
loose1519
arrow shot1653
c1487 J. Skelton tr. Diodorus Siculus Bibliotheca Historica iv. 289 In puttyng theym to flight they wolde ensu vppon the chace and gall theym with arow-shot.
1511 Pylgrymage Richarde Guylforde (Pynson) f. xxxviv About .iiij. arowe shot without the sayde Cytie of Nazareth towardes the South is the place called Saltus Domini.
1653 H. Holcroft tr. Procopius Gothick Warre iii. 79 in tr. Procopius Hist. Warres Justinian Attending the cure of his Wound without Arrow-shot.
1759 Mod. Part Universal Hist. V. iv. iii. 141 Mahmûd was slain by a random arrow-shot.
1868 C. M. Yonge Cameos 1st Ser. Introd. 1 Tyrrell's arrow-shot.
1963 Poet Lore Winter 152 Twice it [sc. a stallion] had been wounded by arrow shots.
2001 M. Blakely Moon Med. (2003) xli. 380 Water is forty arrow shots away.
arrow slit n. (esp. in a medieval fortified building) a narrow vertical slit in a wall for shooting or looking through or to admit light and air; also attributive; cf. loophole n.1
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > defensive walls > [noun] > loophole
loop1393
lancet-loupe1562
loophole1591
barbican1600
eyelet hole1774
arrow slit1789
meurtrière1802
murderess1802
shot-hole1819
arrowlet1837
arrow loop1840
eyelet1851
musket-slit1856
cross-oylet1859
shoot-hole1892
1789 J. St. John Mary, Queen of Scots i. ii. 3 Who guards the castle gates? Is ev'ry arrow-slit, and loop-hole watch'd?
1864 C. L. Balfour Troubled Waters xi. 160 Miss Maxwell was watching from an arrow-slit window.
1930 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 60 390 There were no loopholes, arrow slits , or other provisions for defence.
2015 Lincs. Echo (Nexis) 28 May Full of arrow slits, battlements, ruins and a portcullis, it is everything we could want a castle to be.
arrowsmith n. now chiefly historical a maker of (typically iron or steel) arrowheads.Recorded earliest in a surname. For further evidence for currency in the Middle English period perhaps compare Arousmithrode (field name) Pudsey, West Riding, Yorkshire (1304), although this may reflect use as a surname.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > production and development of arms > armourer > [noun] > one who makes bows or arrows > specific parts
arrowsmith1278
arrow-header?1518
bowstring-maker1530
arrowhead maker1545
plumier1887
1278 in G. Fransson Middle Eng. Surnames (1935) 156 (MED) Rog. le Aruesmyth.
c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 27 Armurers, Arowsmythis, with Axes of werre.
1618 F. Pulton tr. Act 7 Henry IV c. 7 in Coll. Statutes i. 269 Because the arrow Smithes doe make many faultie heades for arrowes and quarrels.
a1796 S. Pegge Anonymiana (1809) 103 Fletcher, he that trimmed arrows by adding the feathers; Arrowsmith, he that made the piles.
1884 Yorks. Archæol. & Topogr. Jrnl. 8 64 The Sheffield of Chaucer's time..was the centre of a district abounding with knifesmiths, scythesmiths, and arrowsmiths.
1939 P. Gordon New Archery I. iii. 21 Four guilds—bowyers, fletchers, arrowsmiths, and stringers—were not thought too many to provide the essentials.
2006 R. Holmes & M. M. Evans Battlefield ii. 35 It was easier to cast a gun than to combine the artisan skills of the bowyer, arrowsmith, and fletcher.
arrow snake n. Obsolete (perhaps) the javelin sand boa, Eryx jaculus.Cf. javelin-snake n. at javelin n. Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > suborder Lacertilia (lizards) > [noun] > family Scincidae > member of genus Acontias (dart-snake)
dart1591
darter1608
dart-serpent1608
arrow snake1611
dart-snake1694
shoot-serpent1731
javelin-snake1835
1611 Bible (King James) Gen. xlix. 17 Dan shall be a serpent by the way, an adder in the path. [margin reads] arrowsnake . View more context for this quotation
a1667 G. Hughes Analyt. Expos. Bk. Moses (1672) 593/1 The word here [sc. in Genesis 49:17] rendred Adder or arrow snake, is no where used but here, now this is the disposition of this tribe foretold, to be subtil and cunning as the Serpent, in dealing with adversaries.
1833 Penny Cycl. I. 88/2 The Hebrew denomination Kippoz [Isa. xxxiv. 15]..which the learned Bochart..has shown to refer more properly to the acontias or anguis jaculus, the arrow or dart-snake of the Greeks and Romans.
?1868 J. Duns Biblical Nat. Sci. II. 84 Arrow-snake was a name given by some old naturalists to such so-called serpents as moved quickly, or darted with great suddenness and speed on their prey.
arrow stitch n. (in needlework, crochet, etc.) any of various stitches used to form a series or pattern of arrow shapes or chevrons; (also occasionally) an example of this.
ΚΠ
1881 Art Amateur Apr. 101/3 The outer rim of the cushion is made of moss-green plush, embroidered with cherry-colored and blue arrow stitches.
1912 M. E. Wilkinson Embroidery Stitches 67 Double rows of Arrow stitch forming two triangular forms.
2015 F. C. Correa 100 Pin Loom Squares 82 An attractive tweed fabric can be created using two colors in Arrow Stitch.
arrow-stone n. rare a belemnite.
ΚΠ
1752 C. Alston Index Medicamentorum 17 Arrow Stone, vulgo Thunder-bolts.
1946 Pop. Sci. Monthly Apr. 48/2 (advt.) Three beautiful Belemnite (Arrowstone) fossils.
arrow tip n. (a) the point or head of an arrow; (b) a mark or sign resembling an arrowhead used to show position or direction (cf. sense 3c).
ΚΠ
1835 T. W. Horsfield Hist. County Sussex II. 207 Relics of antiquity, as Roman styles, arrow tips, British battle-axes, spear heads, [etc.].
1898 G. A. Wentworth & G. A. Hill Key to Text-bk. Physics i. 11 Draw another line 8 inches long.., and indicate its direction by an arrow-tip.
1912 Lick Observatory Bull. (Univ. Calif.) 7 61/1 The proper motions of the stars are indicated by the lines with arrow tips.
1963 Chicago Tribune 28 July x. 6/1 Curare..was used by Indian tribes in South America as poison on their arrow tips.
1991 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 78 352 The arrow tip at A indicates the strip of tissue that serves as a hinge.
2003 Archaeology Jan. 36 Nearby was a cluster of iron arrow tips and a round ceramic object.
arrow weed n. (a) arrowhead (genus Sagittaria); (b) U.S. an evergreen shrub native to southwestern United States and northern Mexico, Pluchea sericea (family Asteraceae), which grows in dense thickets and has greyish-green leaves, clusters of purple flowers, and stiff straight stems formerly used by North American Indians to make arrows; cf. arrowwood n.; (c) U.S. a Mexican shrub Sebastiania pavoniana (family Euphorbiaceae) having leathery, dark green leaves, small yellow flowers, and milky sap used as an arrow poison by North American Indians (obsolete).The seeds of S. pavoniana are also known as jumping beans (see jumping-bean n. (a) at jumping adj. Compounds 2).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > aquatic, marsh, and sea-shore plants > [noun] > other aquatic plants
sea-purslane1548
frog-bit1578
heartwort1578
milkwort1578
water dragon1578
water-liverwort1578
water milfoil1578
water milfoil1578
water radish1578
arrowhead1597
saltwort1597
water archer1597
calla1601
water-rocket1605
sea rocket1611
water archer1617
water chickweed1633
water purslane1633
arsesmart1640
water hyssop1653
water thyme1655
water serpent1659
Myriophyllum1754
least water plantain1756
mud-weed1756
Thalia1756
water-leaf1756
marsh liverwort1760
bastard plantain1762
wool-weed1765
Ruppia1770
goat's foot1773
pipewort1776
blinking chickweed1777
mudwort1789
arrowleaf1805
water-target1814
water willow1814
felwort1816
water shield1817
mermaid weed1822
mud plantain1822
hydrilla1824
blinks1835
crystalwort1846
naiad1846
waterwort1846
arrow weed1848
willow-thorn1857
lattice leaf1866
marsh flower1866
bonnet1869
lattice plant1877
sea-ash1884
alligator weed1887
water parsley1891
water hyacinth1897
lirio1926
neverwet1927
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > shrubs > non-British shrubs > [noun] > North-American
wild tea1728
bastard indigo1730
mountain heath1731
groundsel-tree1736
amorpha1751
buttonbush1754
moosewood1778
pipestem wood1791
modesty1809
sand myrtle1814
wicopy1823
lead-plant1833
false indigo1841
sleek-leaf1845
arrow weed1848
rabbit bush1852
ribbonwood1860
rabbit brush1877
sea myrtle1883
pencil tree1884
tar-bush1884
ocean spray1906
1848 J. W. Abert in W. H. Emory Notes Mil. Reconnaissance 434 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (30th Congr., 1st Sess.: House of Representatives Exec. Doc. 41) IV At last found some brackish pools..bordered with the..arrow weed (sagittaria sagittifolia).
1859 Banner Liberty (Middletown, N.Y.) 21 Sept. 301/3 After proceeding about half a mile further through heavy thickets of arrow weed, the Major thought it prudent to return to the head of the lagoon.
1876 Field & Forest 2 55 These Mexican jumping seeds,..are derived from a plant called arrow weed, or Yerba de flecha, and Colliguaja by the Mexicans.
1916 John Martin's Ann. 319 They are the seeds of a shrub called the arrow-weed; and each jumping bean contains a tiny worm.
1998 A. M. Rea Folk Mammalogy Northern Pimans v. 71 Arrows were made from..Arrow-weed, Pluchea sericea.
2007 Oecologia 154 177/1 We sampled the base of an emergent plant, arrow weed (Sagittaria).
arrow worm n. a small, carnivorous marine worm of the phylum Chaetognatha, typically having a narrow transparent or translucent body and an arrow-shaped head with hooked grasping spines; a chaetognath.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Chaetognatha > [noun] > member of
arrow worm1859
chaetognath1874
1859 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 7 54 Gegenbaur concludes with observing that the ‘genus Sagitta must be regarded as the representative of a special subdivision between the Nematoda and Annelida, and which might be designated the “Pfeilwürmer” or “Arrow-worms”’.
1889 Hardwicke's Sci.-gossip Sept. 211/2 An arrow worm (Sagitta bipunctata), is prepared so as to show the remarkable structure of the mouth.
1972 M. J. Ursin Life in & around Salt Marshes 50 (caption) The arrowworm inhabits the open ocean but occasionally will appear in coastal waters in great numbers.
2015 Observer (Nexis) 6 June Slender chaetognatha, or arrow worms, bristle with hairs and become cannibals as they gobble up their relatives.

Derivatives

ˈarrowless adj. without an arrow or arrows.
ΚΠ
1825 ‘Mod. Greek’ Mod. Athens iii. 96 By this time I had become so little apprehensive of arrowless bows.., and so much accustomed to tartans and tails, that I pushed myself into the very centre of the procession.
1920 E. Wharton Age of Innocence xxii. 225 A grizzled Newfoundland dozing before the door seemed as ineffectual a guardian as the arrowless Cupid.
2007 R. Townley Red Thread xi. 118 Half-hidden behind a flowering tree, the figure held up a bow, arrowless, as if he had just made his shot.
ˈarrow-like adj. and adv. (a) adv. in the manner of an arrow; (b) adj. resembling (that of) an arrow.
ΚΠ
1588 J. Aske Elizabetha Triumphans 28 Arrow-like they scouring on the Seas, Are within sight of that long look'd-for Fleete.
1662 tr. F. Plater et al. Golden Pract. Physick (new ed.) iii. iii. 235/1 The Sagital or arrow like suture.
1739 G. Thomson Compend. Anat. i. 2 in Syllabus The skull consists of eight bones joined to one another by five seams... The arrow-like seam, joining the wall bones.
1847 F. W. L. Leichhardt Jrnl. Overland Exped. Austral. v. 156 The dollar-bird passed with its arrow-like flight.
1956 Irish Times 4 Aug. 7/3 The cry ‘Our Father’ ascended arrow-like to pierce the heavens.
2006 Guardian 12 Jan. i. 34/5 Waders with their coal-black bills, legs and prominent arrow-like wing bars.
ˈarrow-wise adv. in the manner of an arrow.
ΚΠ
1796 Gen. Evening Post 21 June Their order of battle assumes the form of a crescent. Their wings, pointed arrow-wise, consists [sic] of their best gunners.
1887 Macmillan's Mag. July 184/1 The constant ceiling of pines through which the sun and upper air reached us arrow-wise.
1919 A. Ollivant Two Men xxxvi. 189 A figure..balanced on the unsteady raft, then shot arrow-wise into the sea.
2002 J. Kim tr. Meditative Poems by Korean Monks 81 Wild geese wing arrow-wise across the skies.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

arrowv.

Brit. /ˈarəʊ/, U.S. /ˈɛroʊ/
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: arrow n.
Etymology: < arrow n.It has been suggested that quot. 1628 at sense 1a may show an error for harrow (compare harrow v.1 4a) rather than an early use of the present word in a figurative context, although compare from a similar date arrowed adj.
1.
a. transitive. To pierce, wound, or kill with an arrow (literal and figurative).rare before mid 20th cent., since when it has chiefly been used as a term in North American hunting slang.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > mental anguish or torment > cause of mental anguish or torment > cause anguish to or torment [verb (transitive)]
quelmeOE
eatc1000
martyrOE
fretc1175
woundc1175
to-fret?c1225
gnawc1230
to-traya1250
torment1297
renda1333
anguish1340
grindc1350
wringc1374
debreakc1384
ofpinec1390
rivea1400
urn1488
reboil1528
whip1530
cruciate1532
pinch1548
spur-galla1555
agonize1570
rack1576
cut1582
excruciate1590
scorchc1595
discruciate1596
butcher1597
split1597
torture1598
lacerate1600
harrow1603
hell1614
to eat upa1616
arrow1628
martyrize1652
percruciate1656
tear1666
crucify1702
flay1782
wrench1798
kill1800
to cut up1843
1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. ii. sig. H3v By a noble not-caring, arrow the intenders bosome: who, will euer fret most, when he findes his designes most frustrate.
1879 C. A. Stakely Small Coll. Orig. Poems 66 Its music allured me—it arrowed my heart.
1965 G. Laycock & E. Bauer Hunting with Bow & Arrow 51/1 (caption) At left, archer has arrowed his bird.
1992 Soldier of Fortune Oct. 63/2 He finally arrowed his first African game animal.
2016 Lebanon (Pa.) Daily News (Nexis) 15 May b7 She arrowed a boss tom by 7 a.m.
b. intransitive. To shoot arrows. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > use of bow and arrow > shoot arrows [verb (intransitive)]
arrow1865
1865 J. K. James tr. T. Tasso Jerusalem Delivered II. xx. lxv. 302 While she arrowed, Cupid pierced her heart.
2. intransitive. Of sugar cane: to flower; to bear arrows or put out arrows (arrow n. 5b).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > plants yielding sugar or syrup > [verb (intransitive)] > shoot into blossom (of sugar-cane)
arrow1790
1790 W. Beckford Descr. Acct. Jamaica I. 154 Whether or no those canes that arrow yield best, or those that scarcely arrow at all, is a point, among planters, that I believe remains, and ever will remain, undecided.
1848 L. Wray Pract. Sugar Planter ii. 52 In the West Indies and the Straits Settlements, the sugar cane always shows a great desire to ‘arrow’ or flower during the months of January, February, and March.
1894 Sugar Cane 2 July 356 Planting pieces of cane will be necessary with such varieties as arrow freely.
1949 V. S. Reid New Day iii. xviii. 322 My sis Naomi turned her face just as canes were arrowing in October.
1965 G. C. Stevenson Genetics & Breeding Sugar Cane iv. 117 Trimming back the leaf-blades of canes which are likely to arrow.
2006 Herbert River (Austral.) Express (Nexis) 8 June (Features section) 11 With all the moisture under it there will be some grow-on in those crops that haven't arrowed.
3. transitive. To send forth or project (an immaterial or abstract thing) like an arrow. poetic in early use. Now somewhat archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > throw [verb (transitive)] > project through space
to let flyOE
shootc1290
bolta1420
dischargec1500
speeda1569
outshoota1586
emit1711
wing1718
wise1721
arrow1796
wing1970
bomb-
1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc vi. 208 His giant limbs Bestride the whirlwind, and his red right arm Arrowed the lightning.
1822 W. Tennant Thane of Fife i. 10 That arrowed through th' opaque their forky fire.
1892 Ld. Tennyson Akbar's Dream in Death Œnone 39 Shadow-maker, shadow-slayer, arrowing light from clime to clime.
1982 Mag. Fantasy & Sci. Fiction July 51/1 Frantically Benjamin arrowed his thoughts at the flock. Don't hurt him! he pleaded.
2001 L. Erdrich Last Rep. Miracles at Little No Horse vii. 129 She was lifting herself into the air, straining toward the sky world, arrowing her spirit toward the west.
4.
a. intransitive. To move quickly, like an arrow in flight; to dart. Also transitive in to arrow one's way.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > move swiftly in specific manner [verb (intransitive)] > move swiftly and suddenly
windc897
shootc1000
smite?c1225
flatc1300
lash13..
girda1400
shock?a1400
spara1400
spritc1400
whipc1440
skrim1487
glance1489
spang1513
whip1540
squirt1570
flirt1582
fly1590
sprunt1601
flame1633
darta1640
strike1639
jump1720
skite1721
scoot1758
jink1789
arrow1827
twitch1836
skive1854
sprint1899
skyhoot1901
catapult1928
slingshot1969
book1977
1827 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 22 446 About an hour ago did we..see that identical salmon..arrowing up the Tay.
1866 G. J. Whyte-Melville Cerise xliv Streams..where the otter lurked and vanished, where the noble salmon himself came arrowing up triumphant from the sea.
1905 W. H. Hunt Pre-Raphaelitism I. iv. 71 Here the kingfisher arrowed his way.
1936 R. Lehmann Weather in Streets i. v. 83 A figure..came arrowing down the last flight in one straight skim.
1989 K. Green Night Angel vii. 77 A pelican arrowing for the water, scooping a silver fish in its beak.
2009 Irish Times 21 Oct. (Sports section) 3/6 The ball arrowed past Victor Valdes into the top right corner.
b. transitive. To cause to fly quickly through the air like an arrow; to direct in this manner.
ΚΠ
1950 Chicago Defender 30 Sept. 16/4 LeRoy Cromartie..arrowed a 20-yard pass to Arnold Clairton.
1981 G. W. Prange et al. At Dawn we Slept lix. 491 Murata arrowed his bomber down the flight deck.
2016 Courier Mail (Brisbane) (Nexis) 30 Mar. 63 Mooy..advanced on goal and arrowed the ball past Amer Shafi.
5. transitive. To mark with an arrow, esp. in order to indicate the position or direction of something. Also figurative.
ΚΠ
1903 J. Jones Kinetic Universe 50 It is not convenient to arrow the direction E D W V for the Secular Retardation that is from east to west.
1959 P. Frank Alas, Babylon iv. 70 He had a feel for it, the capacity to stir a headful of unrelated facts until they congealed into a pattern arrowing the future.
1986 Independent 7 Oct. 8 (caption) The crippled submarine, in the photograph taken by a US P-3C Orion surveillance plane. The damage has been arrowed.
2004 S. McArthur in S. McArthur et al. Med. & Surg. Tortoises & Turtles iii. 57/1 (caption) The right ovary has been arrowed.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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