arterialadj.n.

Brit.

/ɑːˈtɪərɪəl/, U.S.

/ɑrˈtɪriəl/

Forms: late Middle English arteriale, late Middle English– arterial, 1500s–1600s arteriall, 1500s–1600s arteryall.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French arterial; Latin arterialis.

Etymology: < Middle French arterial (1314 in Old French in vaine arterial pulmonary artery; French artériel , now also in figurative use) and its etymon post-classical Latin arterialis (11th cent. in vena arterialis pulmonary artery, 13th cent. in a British source in sanguis arterialis arterial blood) < classical Latin artēria artery n. + -ālis -al suffix¹.

A. adj.

1. Of the nature of an artery; of, relating to, or involving an artery or arteries; (of blood) contained in the arteries (or the left side of the heart), oxygenated. Also in extended use with reference to the vascular system of plants.† arterial vein n. Obsolete the pulmonary artery. arterial hyperaemia: see hyperaemia n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > artery > [noun] > specific artery

arterial vein?c1425

adorthy1525

subethal1525

temporal?1541

veiny artery1543

share artery1545

aorta1594

cephalic artery1599

subclavia1615

venous artery1650

subclavicular1656

pulmonary1707

cœliac artery or axis1713

renal1721

radial1723

carotid1741

ranine1753

femoral1754

hypogastric1774

iliac1782

pudical1803

articular1808

pudic1824

anonyma1832

internal mammary1835–6

iliac artery1840

transverse artery1842

innominate artery1866

innominate1879

thyroid axis1881

hyoid1883

medicerebral1889

coronary1893

the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > [adjective]

veiny?a1425

arterial1594

subclavian1615

venal1615

venous1634

phleboidal1849

perivascular1868

cerebrovascular1935

?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Paris) (1971) 55 Þe braunche of þe arterial veyne [?a1425 N.Y. Acad. Med. vene arterialis] þe whiche veyne springeþ..of þe riȝt ventricle of þe herte.

?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Hj ^v One parte called veyne arteryall goth to nourysshe the lunges.

1594 R. Carew tr. J. Huarte Exam. Mens Wits vi. 87 The naturall heat that is in the vitall spirits, and the arteriall bloud, run foorthwith to the head.

1638 A. Read Man. Anat. Body of Man (new ed.) i. xxi. 201 Here the venall and arteriall bloud being elaborat in these admirable windings, is further prepared.

1669 W. Simpson Hydrologia Chymica 70 Making it [sc. blood] to restagnate in some of the arterial or venal chanels.

a1680 S. Butler Genuine Remains (1759) I. 405 Examines the arterial Pulsation of its left Foreleg.

1717 J. Cooke Mellificium Chirurg. (ed. 6) 321 This substance is..interwoven with the Wind-pipe, and the Venal Artery, and the Arterial Vein.

1744 G. Berkeley Siris (ESTC T72826) §32 The sap is propelled through the arterial tubes of a plant.

1777 H. L. Thrale Let. 1 Oct. in H. L. Piozzi Lett. to & from S. Johnson (1788) I. 393 How florid, bright, and transparent is the arterial blood, before it has passed through the heart.

1822 J. M. Good Study Med. II. 15 The whole line of the arterial tubes.

1872 T. H. Huxley Lessons Elem. Physiol. (ed. 6) iv. 75 The scarlet blood is commonly known as arterial.

1874 R. Brown Man. Bot. ii. v. 270 He called the laticiferous vessels venous, and the vessels proper arterial vessels.

1923 J. F. H. Dally High Blood Pressure v. 64 Arterial hypertonicity, in larger or smaller areas, is met with in a host of disorders.

1954 Times 4 Oct. 6/6 The incidence of heart and arterial diseases is far lower in countries with a low fat content in their diets.

2001 Frederick (Maryland) Post 23 July a10/2 You need an arterial study of your legs.

2. Esp. of a main road or line of transport or communication: having or serving as a main channel of communication with many branches.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > inclination > divergence > [adjective] > ramified

branchy1606

ramified1673

branching1720

arterial1817

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > [adjective] > having main and branch channels

arterial1865

1817 S. T. Coleridge Blessed are Ye that Sow Introd. p. xi The arterial or nerve-like net-work of property.

1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus iii. vii. 88/2 Venous-arterial circulation, of Letters.

1855 T. R. Jones Gen. Outl. Animal Kingdom (ed. 2) xiv. 331 Numerous arterial canals..ramify extensively in the surrounding structures.

1865 Christian Misc. & Family Visitor 2nd Ser. 11 154/1 The termini of the different trunk or arterial railways.

1867 Morning Star 12 Mar. The Great Southern and Western Railway..a great arterial line.

1898 Daily News 17 Nov. 4/4 He urged that wide arterial improvements of the streets were needed.

1961 Land Econ. 37 331/2 Long Island is serviced east and west by excellent parallel arterial highways, connected at periodic intervals by expressways running north and south.

1978 R. Sale Seattle, Past to Pres. iv. 96 Bogue imagined a transportation system with..poignant vision. His major ground arterial was Central Avenue.

2006 D. Friedman et al. Guide to Transportation's Role in Public Health Disasters iii. 35 For the most part, collectors are two-lane roads that collect and distribute travel from the arterial system.

2007 Geneva 1940–1970 (Geneva (N.Y.) Hist. Soc.) 7 Sampson Air Force Base closed at the end of 1956, the arterial was recently completed, and the new Town and Country Plaza was opening.

3. spec. Of a system of drainage, sewers, etc.: that ramifies in the manner of an artery.The flow through such a system is from the small branches to the largest channel, i.e. it mimics the body's venous rather than the arterial system.

ΚΠ

1841 G. Deane (title) A plea for an arterial drainage.

1852 Mech. Mag. 11 Dec. 469/1 Small pipes were useful in houses, and for short distances, but not useful as part of an arterial system of drainage.

1933 Antiquity 11 331 The arterial system of drainage consisted of a network of underground limestone troughs..involving a meticulous system of levelling.

1995 S. Ellis & A. Mellor Soils & Environm. viii. 259 Such regional or arterial drainage..has a long history, and large areas of land in many coastal, estuarine, and low-lying riverine areas have been reclaimed in this way.

2007 J. Chatterton & S. Suter in C. R. Thorne et al. Future Flooding xv. 251 The Ulster Farmers' Union is a key player in lobbying for effective maintenance of arterial drainage.

B. n.

Originally U.S. = arterial road n. at Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > road > [noun] > main or major road

great road1614

high road1620

main road1741

highway1837

traffic artery1845

trunk road1848

main-way1862

arterial road1886

primary roada1903

route1912

arterial1920

major road1930

spine road1961

1920 Wisconsin State Highway Comm. Bull. vii. 73 (heading) Arterials on trunk highways... The state highway commission may.., by order, declare any state trunk highway or any city street..to be arteries for through traffic.

1932 H. Nicolson Public Faces xii. 310 Jane Campbell..sped along the Kent arterial.

1994 Beyond Limits 55/1 Its [sc. Clearwater's] few access arterials fall under the Federal or State governments, and to build an elevated system..would require $90 million.

2006 D. Friedman et al. Guide to Transportation's Role in Public Health Disasters iii. 35/1 Unlike arterials, collector roads may penetrate residential communities, distributing traffic from the arterials to the ultimate destination for many motorists.

Compounds

arterial road n. a main road serving as part of a system that ramifies in the manner of an artery.

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