integrationn.
/ɪntɪˈɡreɪʃən/ The action or process of integrating.
1.
a. The making up or composition of a whole by adding together or combining the separate parts or elements; combination into an integral whole: a making whole or entire. (Often opposed to differentiation; sometimes with allusion to sense 2.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being combined > [noun] > action or fact of combining
compositionc1386
combining1552
combination1604
coalition1605
systasis1605
combinement1606
integration1620
conflation1626
complexion1628
coincidence1647
integrating1654
complication1655
consolidationa1676
composure1715
join-worka1774
amalgamy1788
amalgamation1828
synthesizing1830
synthesisa1834
1620 T. Granger Syntagma Logicum 178 The Integrall in Logike..respecteth..integration whereby the totall is made a totall of all his members together.
1658 E. Phillips New World Eng. Words Integration, a making whole, or restoring.
1846 G. Grote Hist. Greece II. i. xxi. 201 Their first permanent arrangement and integration was delayed for three centuries and accomplished at last only by the taste of Peisistratus.
1855 H. Spencer Princ. Psychol. iii. xiv. 473 Out of co-ordination there grows up integration.
1873 G. Henslow Evolution x. 129 Physical conditions will ever give rise to differentiation in Beings, together with its concomitant phenomenon, integration.
b. Psychology. The combining of diverse parts into a complex whole; a complex state the parts of which are distinguishable; the harmonious combination of the different elements in a personality. Also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > psychology > psychology of personality > [noun] > dominant determiner of > interrelation of parts > harmonious
integration1855
personality integration1928
1855 H. Spencer Princ. Psychol. iii. xiv. 481 Progress in integration has been a necessary accompaniment of progress in speciality and complexity.
1893 J. M. Baldwin Elem. Psychol. 36 Integration, therefore, represents a structural change in the direction both of simplicity and of complexity.
1898 G. F. Stout Man. Psychol. I. 134 Differentiation and Integration.
1931 Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. July 25 A more adequate psychological theory..speaks of the ‘integration’ of the constituent sensations into a perception.
1937 L. T. Hopkins Integration i. 2 Integration must be the shorthand word to describe the process involved in this intelligent ongoing, interacting, adjusting behavior.
1938 L. P. Thorpe Psychol. Found. Personality ix. 434 Perhaps we are warranted then in using the word integration with the understanding that it stands for a wholeness in personality which gives direction to the coordination of parts.
1943 H. Read Educ. through Art iv. iv. 81 Jaensch's next step is to relate his classification to the degree of integration which the individual establishes between his mental imagery and the external world.
1963 T. S. Langner & S. T. Michael Life Stress & Mental Health xvi. 460 Integration involves the incorporation of the ‘thou shalt nots’ as well as the ‘thou shalts’, the acceptance of the middle-class rules of the game as well as the goal of winning.
c. The bringing into equal membership of a common society those groups or persons previously discriminated against on racial or cultural grounds.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social attitudes > [noun] > integration or egalitarianism
levellinga1641
levelism1659
Levelry1661
non-discrimination1793
liberation1798
diversity1859
equalitarianisma1866
equality of opportunity1891
egalitarianism1932
integration1940
1940 T. J. Haarhoff S. Afr. & Crisis Mod. Civilization 19 For the great task that awaits us in South Africa is a task of integration, of making the Union into a unity.
1949 Jrnl. Racial Affairs 1 i. 25 Although..assimilation would destroy the racial differences in South Africa, it would necessitate the prior integration of the cultures—a very difficult and uncertain process. Apart from that one argument, there is practically no other logical reason in support of either racial or cultural integration.
1951 J. D. L. Kruger Bantustan: Study in Pract. Apartheid iii. 15 In fact it is difficult if not impossible to think of a single aspect of integration which could be regarded as beneficial to the white population.
1955 Ann. Amer. Acad. Pol. & Social Sci. CCCII. 25/1 The frontier for race relations has been shifting more and more to the housing field... The degree of integration in the schools now depends very largely on the residential pattern.
1968 Listener 26 Dec. 855/3 I define integration not as a flattening process of assimilation but as equal opportunity accompanied by cultural diversity in an atmosphere of mutual tolerance.
1970 Times 23 Mar. 13/3 It seemed that all we had to do to achieve integration was to sit down at enough lunch counters together.
2. Mathematics. The operation of finding the integral of a given function or equation (see integral n. 4); the inverse of differentiation. integration by parts: integration by means of the formula ∫udv = uv − ∫vdu, where u and v are any functions of the same variable. constant of integration: an arbitrary constant which must be added to get the complete expression for an integral. sign of integration: the sign ∫ denoting an integral (see integral n. 4(a)).
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > calculus > [noun] > integral calculus > integration or integrability
integration1728
redintegration1788
integrability1816
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Calculus The Integration is known to be justly perform'd, if the Quantity found..being differenc'd, produce that propos'd to be summ'd.
1837 D. Brewster Treat. Magnetism 173 A fluxionary equation..by the integration of which the curve may be constructed.
1877 B. Williamson Elem. Treat. Integral Calculus (ed. 3) vi. §90 The process of integration may be regarded as that of finding the limit of the sum of the series of values of a differential f(x)dx, when x varies by indefinitely small increments from any one assigned value to another... For example, in seeking the area of a curve, we conceive it divided into an indefinite number of suitable elementary areas, of which we seek to determine the sum by a process of integration.
Draft additions July 2010
Business. The combination or acquisition of different economic activities or processes under the same control; the amalgamation of two or more companies; a merger or acquisition.Frequently with modifying word indicating the types of processes being combined or acquired: see backward integration n. at backward adv., adj., and n.2 Additions, forward integration n. at forward adj., adv., and n. Additions, horizontal adj. 3b, vertical adj. 7a.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > business affairs > a business or company > [noun] > merger
merger1851
integration1894
merge1905
marriage1909
horizontal combination1927
M & A1989
1894 S. Webb in London 16 Aug. 523/2 (heading) The integration of processes. Business men, not so very long ago, would have argued that this policy of including all kinds of industrial processes under one administration was contrary to the lessons of business experience.
1906 D. H. MacGregor Industr. Combination i. ii. 65 If the methods of defence which are adopted against it limit its immediate buying or selling market, it can free itself only by undertaking an ‘integration’ of its own.
1959 M. G. de Chazeau & A. E. Kahn Integration & Competition in Petroleum Industry ii. 21 The kind of financial stake that only ownership usually conveys will be shown to be an important aspect of the impact of integration on competition.
2003 Amer. Jrnl. Compar. Law 51 478 A technologically advanced sector where genuine economies of scale could be sustained and market power could be entrenched by vertical integration forward into marketing and backward into purchasing.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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