infiltrationn.

/ɪnfɪlˈtreɪʃən/

Etymology: noun of action < infiltrate v.; perhaps < French infiltration (16th cent.).

1. The action or process of infiltrating; percolation.

a. In Physics and Geology, of water or mineral substances in solution.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > percolation > [noun]

sipec888

siping1503

percolation1613

oozing1739

infiltration1794

percolating1861

leaching1906

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming in > [noun] > infiltration

infiltration1794

1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 427 The percolation or infiltration of the particles.

1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 428 The infiltration of sea-water through lavas.

1822 J. Flint Lett. from Amer. 102 The soil is..broken on the surface by funnel-shaped hollows... These inverted cones are evidently excavated by the infiltration of water.

1851 S. P. Woodward Man. Mollusca i. 74 The phragmocone..owes its preservation to the infiltration of calc. spar.

1876 D. Page Adv. Text-bk. Geol. (ed. 6) iii. 70 Waters of infiltration always contain less or more of these Salts.

b. Physiology and Pathology, of fluids (esp. blood or fat) which penetrate the tissues.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > absorption or assimilation (of a substance, etc.) > [noun] > infiltration or permeation

infiltration1853

1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. xvii. 129 The infiltration of fatty matter is rather alarming.

1874 W. H. Van Buren & E. L. Keyes Pract. Treat. Surg. Dis. Genito-urinary Organs 6 Contusions involving the urethra may lead to infiltration of urine.

1881 A. Flint Treat. Princ. Med. (ed. 5) 54 Infiltration is a term ordinarily applied to the deposition of some material in or between the tissue-elements.

c. figurative of immaterial elements or influences, as ideas, opinions, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > existence > intrinsicality or inherence > introduction or bringing in > [noun] > intrusion

obtrusion1606

interloping1615

intrusion1639

obtruding1641

insinuating1644

infiltration1840

the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of ideation > idea, notion, or concept > [noun] > system of > affecting

infiltration1840

1840 J. S. Mill Bentham in Diss. & Disc. (1859) I. 374 Principle after principle of those propounded by him is..making its way by infiltration into the understandings most shut against his influence.

1867 J. S. Mill Inaug. Addr. St. Andrews (People's ed.) 8 Reason..is beginning to find its way by gradual infiltration even into English schools.

1875 H. J. S. Maine Lect. Early Hist. Inst. viii. 235 The infiltration of tribal ideas.

d. The gradual penetration of one people into another.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > division of mankind by physical characteristics > mixed race > [noun] > penetration of one people into another

infiltration1904

1904 Westm. Gaz. 14 Nov. 5/1 In the interior of the Empire the French work of gradual ‘infiltration’ will proceed by not less efficacious means.

1927 H. Peake & H. J. Fleure Priests & Kings 54 As time went on there seems to have been an ever-increasing infiltration of Southern Steppe~folk from the desert.

1930 J. L. Myres Who were the Greeks? ii. 55 The southward infiltration of Albanian and Slav into districts formerly Romanized.

e. Military. The gradual or surreptitious penetration of enemy lines by small numbers of troops.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military operations > [noun] > infiltration

infiltration1930

1930 Economist 16 Aug. 313/1 They thus succeeded..in reaching the outlying quarters of Peshawar, albeit in small numbers, by a process of nocturnal ‘infiltration’.

1933 B. H. L. Hart Future of Infantry 27 We profited from the lesson taught us by the remarkable success, at our expense, of the new infiltration or soft spot tactics in..1918.

1967 N.Y. Times (Internat. ed.) 11 Feb. 1/6 At a background briefing early in November, the American command made available infiltration figures covering the year through Sept. 30.

f. figurative. (Cf. infiltrate v. 4.)

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > secret observation, spying > procedures used in spying > [noun] > infiltration

penetration1903

infiltration1940

1940 Economist 15 June 1036/1 The Nazis have developed the technique of infiltration to such a pitch that [etc.].

1941 Ann. Reg. 1940 209 Great uneasiness was caused in the country by the infiltration..of thousands of able-bodied young Germans in the guise of tourists.

1949 A. Koestler Promise & Fulfilm. ii. v. 281 I wonder whether an American don is the right match for the propaganda and infiltration experts of the Soviet Union.

1958 Times 20 Jan. 5/7 Alleged Communist infiltration into the Oxford branch of the National Union of Railwaymen.

1973 P. Evans Bodyguard Man v. 44 You're an ex-Special Branch man, supposedly a professional at infiltration techniques.

2. The action of infiltrating a substance with something; the process, fact, or condition of being infiltrated or permeated; esp. in Pathology.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being mixed or blended > [noun] > admixture or addition as ingredient > impregnation or infiltration

illiquation1617

impregnation1651

infiltration1830

1830 J. F. W. Herschel Prelim. Disc. Study Nat. Philos. 61 Fluids..keep the country in a constant state of infiltration from below upwards.

1873 T. H. Green Introd. Pathol. & Morbid Anat. (ed. 2) 51 Fatty Infiltration—which is often described as ‘fatty degeneration’—consists in the infiltration of the tissues with fat, which is deposited in them from the blood.

3. An infiltrated deposit.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > [noun] > alteration of tissue > infiltration of cells

infiltration1898

a1812 Kirwan in N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. (1828) Calcareous infiltrations filling the cavities of other stones.

1815 R. Bakewell Introd. Geol. (ed. 2) i. 21 This he attributes to a calcareous infiltration.

1898 J. Hutchinson Archives Surg. IX. 317 The cells composing the infiltration are round or oval in shape.

figurative.1882 F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads I. i. xv. 179/2 This passage is clearly an infiltration from a different story.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations.

infiltration anaesthesia n. anæsthetization of an area by the injection into it of a local anæsthetic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > anaesthetization, pain-killing, etc. > [noun] > anaesthetization

astonishment1576

anaesthetization1860

infiltration anaesthesia1897

anoci-association1911

basal anaesthesia1934

1897 Med. Rec. LI. 44/1 (heading) The method of infiltration anæsthesia: its technique and..advantages.

1897 Med. Rec. LI. 45/2 Cocaine anæsthesia lasting from two to five minutes, infiltration anæsthesia from fifteen to twenty minutes.

1958 J. H. Burn Lect. Notes Pharmacol. (ed. 5) 56 Lignocaine..is a useful anaesthetic for producing nerve block and for infiltration anaesthesia.

infiltration capacity n. the maximum rate at which soil in a given condition can absorb water.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > earth or soil > [noun] > rate at which soil absorbs water

infiltration capacity1933

infiltration rate1940

1933 R. E. Horton in Trans. Amer. Geophysical Union XIV. 446 ‘Infiltration-capacity’ will be used to describe the maximum rate at which rain can be absorbed by a given soil when in a given condition.

1952 Proc. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. 16 85/2 The term ‘infiltration capacity’..has been an object of some controversy because it implies that an extensity is involved, whereas an intensity such as infiltration rate would be more apt.

infiltration product n.

ΚΠ

1882 A. Geikie Text-bk. Geol. ii. ii. 72 The relation..between these infiltration products and the decomposition of the surrounding mass.

infiltration rate n. the rate at which soil absorbs water; infiltration capacity.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > earth or soil > [noun] > rate at which soil absorbs water

infiltration capacity1933

infiltration rate1940

1940 Proc. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. 5 400/2 It is unfortunate that the terms ‘infiltration-capacity’ and ‘infiltration rates’ have sometimes been confused... There may be an infinite variety of rates but there is only one capacity at a particular time for a particular soil.

1952 Proc. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. 16 88/1 Infiltration rate (soil). The maximum rate at which soil, in a given condition at a given time, can absorb rain.

1957 Soil Sci. LXXXVII. 338 After infiltration begins, increasing the initial moisture content reduces the infiltration rate.

infiltration theory n.

ΚΠ

1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 147 Infiltration-theory, the theory that a vein was filled by the infiltration of mineral solutions.

1888 Times in Pall Mall Gaz. 1 Oct. 4/1 This infiltration theory had necessarily to come under Mr. Judd's consideration.

infiltration vein n. a vein produced by deposits from percolating waters.

ΚΠ

1902 N. Webster Suppl.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	infiltration
释义	infiltrationn. /ɪnfɪlˈtreɪʃən/ Etymology: noun of action < infiltrate v.; perhaps < French infiltration (16th cent.). 1. The action or process of infiltrating; percolation. a. In Physics and Geology, of water or mineral substances in solution. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > percolation > [noun] sipec888 siping1503 percolation1613 oozing1739 infiltration1794 percolating1861 leaching1906 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming in > [noun] > infiltration infiltration1794 1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 427 The percolation or infiltration of the particles. 1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 428 The infiltration of sea-water through lavas. 1822 J. Flint Lett. from Amer. 102 The soil is..broken on the surface by funnel-shaped hollows... These inverted cones are evidently excavated by the infiltration of water. 1851 S. P. Woodward Man. Mollusca i. 74 The phragmocone..owes its preservation to the infiltration of calc. spar. 1876 D. Page Adv. Text-bk. Geol. (ed. 6) iii. 70 Waters of infiltration always contain less or more of these Salts. b. Physiology and Pathology, of fluids (esp. blood or fat) which penetrate the tissues. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > absorption or assimilation (of a substance, etc.) > [noun] > infiltration or permeation infiltration1853 1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. xvii. 129 The infiltration of fatty matter is rather alarming. 1874 W. H. Van Buren & E. L. Keyes Pract. Treat. Surg. Dis. Genito-urinary Organs 6 Contusions involving the urethra may lead to infiltration of urine. 1881 A. Flint Treat. Princ. Med. (ed. 5) 54 Infiltration is a term ordinarily applied to the deposition of some material in or between the tissue-elements. c. figurative of immaterial elements or influences, as ideas, opinions, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > intrinsicality or inherence > introduction or bringing in > [noun] > intrusion obtrusion1606 interloping1615 intrusion1639 obtruding1641 insinuating1644 infiltration1840 the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of ideation > idea, notion, or concept > [noun] > system of > affecting infiltration1840 1840 J. S. Mill Bentham in Diss. & Disc. (1859) I. 374 Principle after principle of those propounded by him is..making its way by infiltration into the understandings most shut against his influence. 1867 J. S. Mill Inaug. Addr. St. Andrews (People's ed.) 8 Reason..is beginning to find its way by gradual infiltration even into English schools. 1875 H. J. S. Maine Lect. Early Hist. Inst. viii. 235 The infiltration of tribal ideas. d. The gradual penetration of one people into another. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > division of mankind by physical characteristics > mixed race > [noun] > penetration of one people into another infiltration1904 1904 Westm. Gaz. 14 Nov. 5/1 In the interior of the Empire the French work of gradual ‘infiltration’ will proceed by not less efficacious means. 1927 H. Peake & H. J. Fleure Priests & Kings 54 As time went on there seems to have been an ever-increasing infiltration of Southern Steppe~folk from the desert. 1930 J. L. Myres Who were the Greeks? ii. 55 The southward infiltration of Albanian and Slav into districts formerly Romanized. e. Military. The gradual or surreptitious penetration of enemy lines by small numbers of troops. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military operations > [noun] > infiltration infiltration1930 1930 Economist 16 Aug. 313/1 They thus succeeded..in reaching the outlying quarters of Peshawar, albeit in small numbers, by a process of nocturnal ‘infiltration’. 1933 B. H. L. Hart Future of Infantry 27 We profited from the lesson taught us by the remarkable success, at our expense, of the new infiltration or soft spot tactics in..1918. 1967 N.Y. Times (Internat. ed.) 11 Feb. 1/6 At a background briefing early in November, the American command made available infiltration figures covering the year through Sept. 30. f. figurative. (Cf. infiltrate v. 4.) ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > secret observation, spying > procedures used in spying > [noun] > infiltration penetration1903 infiltration1940 1940 Economist 15 June 1036/1 The Nazis have developed the technique of infiltration to such a pitch that [etc.]. 1941 Ann. Reg. 1940 209 Great uneasiness was caused in the country by the infiltration..of thousands of able-bodied young Germans in the guise of tourists. 1949 A. Koestler Promise & Fulfilm. ii. v. 281 I wonder whether an American don is the right match for the propaganda and infiltration experts of the Soviet Union. 1958 Times 20 Jan. 5/7 Alleged Communist infiltration into the Oxford branch of the National Union of Railwaymen. 1973 P. Evans Bodyguard Man v. 44 You're an ex-Special Branch man, supposedly a professional at infiltration techniques. 2. The action of infiltrating a substance with something; the process, fact, or condition of being infiltrated or permeated; esp. in Pathology. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being mixed or blended > [noun] > admixture or addition as ingredient > impregnation or infiltration illiquation1617 impregnation1651 infiltration1830 1830 J. F. W. Herschel Prelim. Disc. Study Nat. Philos. 61 Fluids..keep the country in a constant state of infiltration from below upwards. 1873 T. H. Green Introd. Pathol. & Morbid Anat. (ed. 2) 51 Fatty Infiltration—which is often described as ‘fatty degeneration’—consists in the infiltration of the tissues with fat, which is deposited in them from the blood. 3. An infiltrated deposit. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > [noun] > alteration of tissue > infiltration of cells infiltration1898 a1812 Kirwan in N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. (1828) Calcareous infiltrations filling the cavities of other stones. 1815 R. Bakewell Introd. Geol. (ed. 2) i. 21 This he attributes to a calcareous infiltration. 1898 J. Hutchinson Archives Surg. IX. 317 The cells composing the infiltration are round or oval in shape. figurative.1882 F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads I. i. xv. 179/2 This passage is clearly an infiltration from a different story. Compounds attributive and in other combinations. infiltration anaesthesia n. anæsthetization of an area by the injection into it of a local anæsthetic. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > anaesthetization, pain-killing, etc. > [noun] > anaesthetization astonishment1576 anaesthetization1860 infiltration anaesthesia1897 anoci-association1911 basal anaesthesia1934 1897 Med. Rec. LI. 44/1 (heading) The method of infiltration anæsthesia: its technique and..advantages. 1897 Med. Rec. LI. 45/2 Cocaine anæsthesia lasting from two to five minutes, infiltration anæsthesia from fifteen to twenty minutes. 1958 J. H. Burn Lect. Notes Pharmacol. (ed. 5) 56 Lignocaine..is a useful anaesthetic for producing nerve block and for infiltration anaesthesia. infiltration capacity n. the maximum rate at which soil in a given condition can absorb water. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > earth or soil > [noun] > rate at which soil absorbs water infiltration capacity1933 infiltration rate1940 1933 R. E. Horton in Trans. Amer. Geophysical Union XIV. 446 ‘Infiltration-capacity’ will be used to describe the maximum rate at which rain can be absorbed by a given soil when in a given condition. 1952 Proc. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. 16 85/2 The term ‘infiltration capacity’..has been an object of some controversy because it implies that an extensity is involved, whereas an intensity such as infiltration rate would be more apt. infiltration product n. ΚΠ 1882 A. Geikie Text-bk. Geol. ii. ii. 72 The relation..between these infiltration products and the decomposition of the surrounding mass. infiltration rate n. the rate at which soil absorbs water; infiltration capacity. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > earth or soil > [noun] > rate at which soil absorbs water infiltration capacity1933 infiltration rate1940 1940 Proc. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. 5 400/2 It is unfortunate that the terms ‘infiltration-capacity’ and ‘infiltration rates’ have sometimes been confused... There may be an infinite variety of rates but there is only one capacity at a particular time for a particular soil. 1952 Proc. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. 16 88/1 Infiltration rate (soil). The maximum rate at which soil, in a given condition at a given time, can absorb rain. 1957 Soil Sci. LXXXVII. 338 After infiltration begins, increasing the initial moisture content reduces the infiltration rate. infiltration theory n. ΚΠ 1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 147 Infiltration-theory, the theory that a vein was filled by the infiltration of mineral solutions. 1888 Times in Pall Mall Gaz. 1 Oct. 4/1 This infiltration theory had necessarily to come under Mr. Judd's consideration. infiltration vein n. a vein produced by deposits from percolating waters. ΚΠ 1902 N. Webster Suppl. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1794
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