abrasionn.

Brit.

/əˈbreɪʒn/, U.S.

/əˈbreɪʒ(ə)n/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin abrasion-, abrasio.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin abrasion-, abrasio action of shaving off (12th cent.; 14th cent. in a British source) < classical Latin abrās- , past participial stem of abrādere abrade v. + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Middle French, French abrasion (second half of the 15th cent. in an apparently isolated instance in a medical context, and subsequently from 1751, in sense 2; 1611 in sense 1a).

a. The action or process of scraping or grazing something, or of wearing something down by friction; the action or fact of becoming worn down in this way. Also figurative.In quot. c1550 apparently: that which has the effect of wearing something down.

ΚΠ

c1550 R. Bieston Bayte Fortune sig. B1 Two thynges in women make hourely theyr inuasion, Enducyng them euer to warkes vituperable: For all vertue these two be chyef abrasion.

1656 T. Blount Glossographia Abrasion, a shaving away.

1712 J. Morton Nat. Hist. Northants. ii. 148 To fancy that the Water..which contains a sparry Matter became charg'd with it by Attrision or Abrasion, by its fretting or rubbing off of sparry Particles from off a Mass or Body of Spar.

1771 J. Hunter Nat. Hist. Human Teeth 39 They [sc. teeth] never change by age, and seem never to undergo any alteration, when completely formed, but by abrasion.

1845 Currency Theory Reviewed 69 The coinage, in the very nature of things, must be for ever, unit by unit, falling under depreciation by the mere action of ordinary and unavoidable abrasion.

1858 J. G. Holland Titcomb's Lett. iii. 32 To speak pleasantly when irritated..to avoid abrasion and collision.

1930 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 122 542 Welded-on overlays..have been applied to drill bits and other tools to combat abrasion.

1986 D. Carey Dreadnought ii. 28 We have a propensity for mutual abrasion.

2006 Independent 11 Apr. (Motoring section) 8/1 The fold in the plastic windows/doors..would also be plasma coated to resist abrasion.

b. An instance of the process of abrasion (sense 1a); a rubbed or abraded area, as on the surface of something.

ΚΠ

1724 W. Stukeley Of Spleen 20 Defending the veins, arteries, nerves and fibrous pillars from abrasions and injuries, resulting from its frequent acts of contracting and squeezing the blood backwards and forwards.

1863 Proc. National Ship-canal Convent. 145 Whatever craft is employed in navigating the canal, it should be driven by propellers, of suitable construction, in order to prevent abrasions on the earthy sides of the canal.

1878 F. A. Walker Money x. 195 Whether the loss of the precious metal in the coin results from an external abrasion..or through the clipping or sweating of the coin.

1925 Burlington Mag. Mar. 128/2 The removal of the discolourations..revealed only three quite unimportant blemishes, a small hole under the lip, a small patch of repaint at the back of the neck, and a slight abrasion on the cheek.

1952 Biblical Archeologist 15 72 Except for some abrasions on the covers and the loss of a few fragments of papyrus,..nine of the codices are complete with leather covers.

1998 J. C. Penney Home Coll. Catal. 48 Lightweight yet durable 100% olefin that resists soil, stains and abrasions.

2. Medicine. Destruction of or injury to (an area of) an epithelial surface, now esp. the skin or cornea, usually by friction or other mechanical trauma; an instance of this; a lesion caused by this; a superficial wound, graze, or scrape.

ΚΠ

1612 J. Cotta Short Discouerie Dangers Ignorant Practisers Physicke ii. 18 I was solicited by a woman by the opinion of the dysenterie or abrasion of her guts.

1732 T. Dale tr. J. Lommius Treat. Continual Fevers 299 After this Abrasions, or the inner Coats of the Intestines come away mixed with bloody and purulent Excrements.

1798 G. Pearson Inq. Hist. Cowpox 41 Persons who have had slight wounds from thorns, abrasions of the skin from other causes.

1843 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit (1844) ii. 9 Mr. Pecksniff's wounds..were not very serious in their nature: being limited to abrasions on what the eldest Miss Pecksniff called ‘the knobby parts’.

1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. (1856) xxxiv. 305 Costing only a smart pull and a bleeding abrasion afterwards.

1878 H. M. Stanley Through Dark Continent II. xii. 361 The least abrasion of the skin was likely to result in an ulcer.

1929 C. C. Martindale Risen Sun 173 His grooms..were iodining his abrasions.

1991 Dog Fancy Jan. 6/2 Others occur from chronic abrasion, such as that caused by extra eyelashes or a piece of debris buried in the dog's conjuctiva.

2006 Guardian 23 June i. 8/1 The plant's active ingredient, oleanolic acid, could speed up the healing of cuts and abrasions as well as easing the pain of ulcer sufferers.

3. Material removed by a rubbing or scraping action; debris; (in plural) particles of such material. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a fragment > a) scraping(s) or shaving(s)

shavingc1386

rasurea1400

razing?a1425

scrapings1511

rasing1552

scaling1651

ramentum1658

raments1670

abrasion1684

scrapeage1851

1684 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 14 530 Moreover without any respect to these solid abrasions, the Blood it self..consists of heterogeneous Particles.

1722 J. Quincy Lexicon Physico-medicum (ed. 2) 3/1 Abrasion..is also used to express that Matter wore off by the Attrition of Bodies against one another.

1740 G. Cheyne Ess. Regimen 5 Earth..being probably the Ramenta or abrasions of the other elements.

1754 J. Kirkpatrick Anal. Inoculation ii. 44 The sound Urine..may be chiefly separated from the Serum (tho' probably charg'd with some recrementious [sic] Abrasions from the Fibres and fibrous Cruor).

1860 Macmillan's Mag. Mar. 415/1 The abrasions from its edge, mixed with the newest Nile deposit, will..settle in the still water.

1908 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1907 38 578 The probable reason why we did not obtain those figures was that the accidental flat scales and the fine abrasions of galena went where they should not.

4. Geology. The wearing away of rock by the mechanical action of rock fragments carried by water, ice, or wind.

ΚΠ

1811 J. Pinkerton Petralogy II. xi. 278 The ferruginous nature of lava can easily be explained, as arising from an abrasion of the nucleus by the water.

1830 Q. Rev. Oct. 428 Besides the lateral abrasion exercised by running water on its banks, it possesses an almost equally active vertical force of abrasion, by which the channel is deepened.

1858 Sci. Amer. 17 July 357/1 The banks of the St. Lawrence near Brockville..have been rounded..by glacial abrasion.

1903 Geogr. Jrnl. 21 317 The surf is also assisted in its work of abrasion by the mantle of ice which lies on the northern coast from the middle of December.

1970 R. J. Small Study of Landforms ix. 301 The only landforms of deserts that can be confidently ascribed to wind abrasion alone are the comparatively unimportant ‘yardangs’.

1995 A. M. Cvancara Field Man. Amateur Geologist (rev. ed.) iii. 22 Glaciers wear down rocks and sediment mostly by glacial plucking and abrasion.

Compounds

C1.

abrasion resistance n.

ΚΠ

1891 Bismarck (N. Dakota) Daily Tribune 16 Apr. 2/4 The conduit is inclosed in a strong woven jacket, which gives it a high tensile strength and a strong abrasion resistance.

2001 Techn. Guide (YHA Adventure Shops) Summer 66/2 A textured 1000 denier nylon fabric with a waterproof coating that gives outstanding strength & abrasion resistance.

abrasion-resistant adj.

ΚΠ

1922 US Patent 1,412,898 2/1 A metal cylinder ordinarily furnished with a lining of abrasion resistant material.

2007 Horse & Rider Oct. (Musto Advt. Suppl.) 4/1 It features a soft, abrasion-resistant outer..and a soft flannel inner backing.

C2.

abrasion platform n. Physical Geography = wave-cut platform n. at wave n. Additions.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > seashore or coast > [noun] > abrasion platform

marine terrace1846

wave-cut platform1901

abrasion platform1915

1915 Geogr. Jrnl. 45 205 An abrasion platform might be cut by marine denudation.

2007 Marine Geol. 242 196/1 The coastal landscape is marked by a staircase of abrasion platforms.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	abrasion
释义	abrasionn. Brit. /əˈbreɪʒn/, U.S. /əˈbreɪʒ(ə)n/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin abrasion-, abrasio. Etymology: < post-classical Latin abrasion-, abrasio action of shaving off (12th cent.; 14th cent. in a British source) < classical Latin abrās- , past participial stem of abrādere abrade v. + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Middle French, French abrasion (second half of the 15th cent. in an apparently isolated instance in a medical context, and subsequently from 1751, in sense 2; 1611 in sense 1a). 1. a. The action or process of scraping or grazing something, or of wearing something down by friction; the action or fact of becoming worn down in this way. Also figurative.In quot. c1550 apparently: that which has the effect of wearing something down. ΚΠ c1550 R. Bieston Bayte Fortune sig. B1 Two thynges in women make hourely theyr inuasion, Enducyng them euer to warkes vituperable: For all vertue these two be chyef abrasion. 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Abrasion, a shaving away. 1712 J. Morton Nat. Hist. Northants. ii. 148 To fancy that the Water..which contains a sparry Matter became charg'd with it by Attrision or Abrasion, by its fretting or rubbing off of sparry Particles from off a Mass or Body of Spar. 1771 J. Hunter Nat. Hist. Human Teeth 39 They [sc. teeth] never change by age, and seem never to undergo any alteration, when completely formed, but by abrasion. 1845 Currency Theory Reviewed 69 The coinage, in the very nature of things, must be for ever, unit by unit, falling under depreciation by the mere action of ordinary and unavoidable abrasion. 1858 J. G. Holland Titcomb's Lett. iii. 32 To speak pleasantly when irritated..to avoid abrasion and collision. 1930 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 122 542 Welded-on overlays..have been applied to drill bits and other tools to combat abrasion. 1986 D. Carey Dreadnought ii. 28 We have a propensity for mutual abrasion. 2006 Independent 11 Apr. (Motoring section) 8/1 The fold in the plastic windows/doors..would also be plasma coated to resist abrasion. b. An instance of the process of abrasion (sense 1a); a rubbed or abraded area, as on the surface of something. ΚΠ 1724 W. Stukeley Of Spleen 20 Defending the veins, arteries, nerves and fibrous pillars from abrasions and injuries, resulting from its frequent acts of contracting and squeezing the blood backwards and forwards. 1863 Proc. National Ship-canal Convent. 145 Whatever craft is employed in navigating the canal, it should be driven by propellers, of suitable construction, in order to prevent abrasions on the earthy sides of the canal. 1878 F. A. Walker Money x. 195 Whether the loss of the precious metal in the coin results from an external abrasion..or through the clipping or sweating of the coin. 1925 Burlington Mag. Mar. 128/2 The removal of the discolourations..revealed only three quite unimportant blemishes, a small hole under the lip, a small patch of repaint at the back of the neck, and a slight abrasion on the cheek. 1952 Biblical Archeologist 15 72 Except for some abrasions on the covers and the loss of a few fragments of papyrus,..nine of the codices are complete with leather covers. 1998 J. C. Penney Home Coll. Catal. 48 Lightweight yet durable 100% olefin that resists soil, stains and abrasions. 2. Medicine. Destruction of or injury to (an area of) an epithelial surface, now esp. the skin or cornea, usually by friction or other mechanical trauma; an instance of this; a lesion caused by this; a superficial wound, graze, or scrape. ΚΠ 1612 J. Cotta Short Discouerie Dangers Ignorant Practisers Physicke ii. 18 I was solicited by a woman by the opinion of the dysenterie or abrasion of her guts. 1732 T. Dale tr. J. Lommius Treat. Continual Fevers 299 After this Abrasions, or the inner Coats of the Intestines come away mixed with bloody and purulent Excrements. 1798 G. Pearson Inq. Hist. Cowpox 41 Persons who have had slight wounds from thorns, abrasions of the skin from other causes. 1843 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit (1844) ii. 9 Mr. Pecksniff's wounds..were not very serious in their nature: being limited to abrasions on what the eldest Miss Pecksniff called ‘the knobby parts’. 1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. (1856) xxxiv. 305 Costing only a smart pull and a bleeding abrasion afterwards. 1878 H. M. Stanley Through Dark Continent II. xii. 361 The least abrasion of the skin was likely to result in an ulcer. 1929 C. C. Martindale Risen Sun 173 His grooms..were iodining his abrasions. 1991 Dog Fancy Jan. 6/2 Others occur from chronic abrasion, such as that caused by extra eyelashes or a piece of debris buried in the dog's conjuctiva. 2006 Guardian 23 June i. 8/1 The plant's active ingredient, oleanolic acid, could speed up the healing of cuts and abrasions as well as easing the pain of ulcer sufferers. 3. Material removed by a rubbing or scraping action; debris; (in plural) particles of such material. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a fragment > a) scraping(s) or shaving(s) shavingc1386 rasurea1400 razing?a1425 scrapings1511 rasing1552 scaling1651 ramentum1658 raments1670 abrasion1684 scrapeage1851 1684 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 14 530 Moreover without any respect to these solid abrasions, the Blood it self..consists of heterogeneous Particles. 1722 J. Quincy Lexicon Physico-medicum (ed. 2) 3/1 Abrasion..is also used to express that Matter wore off by the Attrition of Bodies against one another. 1740 G. Cheyne Ess. Regimen 5 Earth..being probably the Ramenta or abrasions of the other elements. 1754 J. Kirkpatrick Anal. Inoculation ii. 44 The sound Urine..may be chiefly separated from the Serum (tho' probably charg'd with some recrementious [sic] Abrasions from the Fibres and fibrous Cruor). 1860 Macmillan's Mag. Mar. 415/1 The abrasions from its edge, mixed with the newest Nile deposit, will..settle in the still water. 1908 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1907 38 578 The probable reason why we did not obtain those figures was that the accidental flat scales and the fine abrasions of galena went where they should not. 4. Geology. The wearing away of rock by the mechanical action of rock fragments carried by water, ice, or wind. ΚΠ 1811 J. Pinkerton Petralogy II. xi. 278 The ferruginous nature of lava can easily be explained, as arising from an abrasion of the nucleus by the water. 1830 Q. Rev. Oct. 428 Besides the lateral abrasion exercised by running water on its banks, it possesses an almost equally active vertical force of abrasion, by which the channel is deepened. 1858 Sci. Amer. 17 July 357/1 The banks of the St. Lawrence near Brockville..have been rounded..by glacial abrasion. 1903 Geogr. Jrnl. 21 317 The surf is also assisted in its work of abrasion by the mantle of ice which lies on the northern coast from the middle of December. 1970 R. J. Small Study of Landforms ix. 301 The only landforms of deserts that can be confidently ascribed to wind abrasion alone are the comparatively unimportant ‘yardangs’. 1995 A. M. Cvancara Field Man. Amateur Geologist (rev. ed.) iii. 22 Glaciers wear down rocks and sediment mostly by glacial plucking and abrasion. Compounds C1. abrasion resistance n. ΚΠ 1891 Bismarck (N. Dakota) Daily Tribune 16 Apr. 2/4 The conduit is inclosed in a strong woven jacket, which gives it a high tensile strength and a strong abrasion resistance. 2001 Techn. Guide (YHA Adventure Shops) Summer 66/2 A textured 1000 denier nylon fabric with a waterproof coating that gives outstanding strength & abrasion resistance. abrasion-resistant adj. ΚΠ 1922 US Patent 1,412,898 2/1 A metal cylinder ordinarily furnished with a lining of abrasion resistant material. 2007 Horse & Rider Oct. (Musto Advt. Suppl.) 4/1 It features a soft, abrasion-resistant outer..and a soft flannel inner backing. C2. abrasion platform n. Physical Geography = wave-cut platform n. at wave n. Additions. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > seashore or coast > [noun] > abrasion platform marine terrace1846 wave-cut platform1901 abrasion platform1915 1915 Geogr. Jrnl. 45 205 An abrasion platform might be cut by marine denudation. 2007 Marine Geol. 242 196/1 The coastal landscape is marked by a staircase of abrasion platforms. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c1550
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