| 单词 | inner-directed |
| 释义 | > as lemmasinner-directed n. inner-directed adj. (Sociol.): a term coined by D. Riesman to designate persons whose behaviour and goals are directed by the standards and ideals which they formed early in life; also postulated as a cultural stage in a society. (See quot. 19501.) Cf. other-directed adj. and tradition-directed adj. Hence inner direction. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > developmental psychology > [adjective] > relating to basic experiences prototaxic1945 inner-directed1950 society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > a civilization or culture > [adjective] > specific types or forms of lowa1387 primitive1838 pre-revolution1860 metronymic1868 pre-feudal1870 prelogical1880 polyzoic1886 pre-agricultural1898 pre-civil1902 pre-feudalic1907 subcultural1909 protocultural1920 pre-independencea1922 apparented1934 sensate1937 patrimonial1946 non-literate1948 inner-directed1950 underground1953 pop-cultural1963 technopolitan1965 the mind > mental capacity > psychology > social psychology > psychology of races or peoples > [adjective] > of early cultural stage inner-directed1950 1950 D. Riesman et al. Lonely Crowd i. 9 The society of transitional population growth develops in its typical members a social character whose conformity is insured by their tendency to acquire early in life an internalized set of goals. These I shall term inner-directed people and the society in which they live a society dependent on inner-direction. 1950 D. Riesman et al. Lonely Crowd i. 16 The inner-directed person becomes capable of maintaining a delicate balance between the demands upon him of his life goal and the buffetings of his external environment. 1959 Spectator 4 Sept. 307/2 A criticism renewed by sociology—he [sc. C. Wilson in The Age of Defeat] seems to imply—can help to renew literature by restoring ‘the hero’, and ‘the hero’ will re~accredit in real life the image of the ‘inner-directed’ man. 1959 Listener 3 Sept. 363/2 Mr. Wilson discerns a similar awareness of the difference between ‘inner-direction’ and ‘other-direction’ in the existentialist writings of Camus and Sartre. 1961 M. Singer in B. Kaplan Studying Personality 51 The influence of parents and teachers, so vital in the formation of ‘inner-direction’, is being superseded by the influence of ‘peer-groups’ and the mass media. 1964 J. M. Argyle Psychol. & Social Probl. xv. 186 The life of managers is also changing: as in America the inner-directed individualist is being replaced by the other-directed organization man, who fits in easily with the ideas of others, and subordinates his interests to those of the concern. 1968 P. McKellar Exper. & Behaviour xi. 288 The capacity to ‘go it alone’ is characteristic of the inner-directed personality. 1972 Jrnl. Social Psychol. 86 224 Low authoritarian subjects are more inner-directed. < as lemmas |
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