abrasiveadj.n.

Brit.

/əˈbreɪsɪv/,

/əˈbreɪzɪv/, U.S.

/əˈbreɪsɪv/,

/əˈbreɪzɪv/

Forms: 1600s abrasiue, 1700s– abrasive.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin abrās- , abrādere , -ive suffix.

Etymology: < classical Latin abrās-, past participial stem of abrādere abrade v. + -ive suffix. N.E.D. (1884) gives only the pronunciation (ăbrēⁱ·siv) /əˈbreɪsɪv/.

A. adj.

1. Having the property of abrading; of the nature of or characterized by abrasion; capable of or used for scraping, rubbing, grinding, etc.In quot. 1601: engraved or inscribed by abrasion.

ΚΠ

1601 T. Powell Passionate Poet sig. B There Athens in abrasiue lines did write A borrowed name with brittle Chyrsolite [sic].

1779 W. Bennett Diss. Teeth & Gums 41 Even though the abrasive power of it [sc. Dentifrice] should operate upon the enamel,..we can apply it just as we please.

1823 G. W. Ogden Lett. from West 13 In the spring of the year, the abrasive effect of the floating ice and trees..is very great.

1860 R. Hunt Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 5) I. 1 The abrasive tool or grinder is exactly a counterpart of the form to be produced.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 712/2 The coarse varieties of almandine are often crushed for use as an abrasive agent.

1950 C. R. Hine Machine Tools for Engineers xii. 240 The fine, sharp abrasive particles become imbedded in the lap and it is ready for use.

1988 APT Bull. 20 No. 4. 8/1 The slurry is very abrasive to workers' hands.

2003 Biol. Bull. 205 354/1 A rotary tool with a 1.6-mm-diameter carborundum abrasive wheel.

2. figurative.

a. Esp. of sound: harsh, grating, strident.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > inelegance > [adjective] > harsh

rough?1520

scabrousa1585

harsh1594

unsmooth1610

unsmoothed1614

truculent1850

abrasive1861

gritty1882

1861 A. J. Davis Great Harmonia (ed. 5) V. 229 Its descending atmospheres blend prayerfully with the soil made by the abrasive contemplations of his granite intellect.

1925 T. Dreiser Amer. Trag. I. ii. xxxiv. 387 His mind was troubled with hard, abrasive thoughts.

1982 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 3 Aug. c12/4 The band balanced its feats of instrumental wizardry with an abrasive, clearly punk-influenced intensity.

1995 DJ 6 July 45/2 Mr Distortion pays us a visit and turns the controls to number 11, providing a healthy serving of sharp and abrasive beats.

b. Aggressively or uncompromisingly direct; acting without concern for the feelings of others; brash, tactless, ungentle.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > discourtesy > [adjective] > curt or brusque > specifically of manner

snappish1836

snappy1890

abrasive1944

1944 N.Y. Times 22 Oct. ii. 1/8 He is polished, urbane and briskly trenchant in his finished acting style and he has an abrasive personality that makes an impression right away.

1963 Science 17 May 793/2 Hardy himself sometimes adopts an abrasive style in subcommittee hearings.

1972 Observer 30 Jan. 9/6 His private persona sometimes contrasts sharply with his more abrasive public image.

2005 Weekend Austral. (Brisbane) 26 Nov. (Review section) 11/4 Scott could be abrasive and charming by turns. He could condemn and persuade.

B. n.

An abrasive substance or agent.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > rubbing or friction > [noun] > one who or that which rubs or scrapes

froterer1607

scratcher1674

scraper1788

scrubber1839

abrader1849

abrasive1850

scourer1859

1850 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. III. xxxi. 1101 The Orientals..are well acquainted with the use of diamond powder as an abrasive for such works as require it.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 768/1 Its [sc. corundum's] very hardness makes it valuable as an abrasive.

1951 Good Housek. Home Encycl. 11/1 Abrasives are useful for heavily soiled surfaces, when soap and water or detergents are unsuccessful and some gentle friction is required.

2001 Veranda July–Aug. 56/1 Decorating an object by cutting, grinding and polishing with a rotating wheel and abrasives.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	abrasive
释义	abrasiveadj.n. Brit. /əˈbreɪsɪv/, /əˈbreɪzɪv/, U.S. /əˈbreɪsɪv/, /əˈbreɪzɪv/ Forms: 1600s abrasiue, 1700s– abrasive. Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin abrās- , abrādere , -ive suffix. Etymology: < classical Latin abrās-, past participial stem of abrādere abrade v. + -ive suffix. N.E.D. (1884) gives only the pronunciation (ăbrēⁱ·siv) /əˈbreɪsɪv/. A. adj. 1. Having the property of abrading; of the nature of or characterized by abrasion; capable of or used for scraping, rubbing, grinding, etc.In quot. 1601: engraved or inscribed by abrasion. ΚΠ 1601 T. Powell Passionate Poet sig. B There Athens in abrasiue lines did write A borrowed name with brittle Chyrsolite [sic]. 1779 W. Bennett Diss. Teeth & Gums 41 Even though the abrasive power of it [sc. Dentifrice] should operate upon the enamel,..we can apply it just as we please. 1823 G. W. Ogden Lett. from West 13 In the spring of the year, the abrasive effect of the floating ice and trees..is very great. 1860 R. Hunt Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 5) I. 1 The abrasive tool or grinder is exactly a counterpart of the form to be produced. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 712/2 The coarse varieties of almandine are often crushed for use as an abrasive agent. 1950 C. R. Hine Machine Tools for Engineers xii. 240 The fine, sharp abrasive particles become imbedded in the lap and it is ready for use. 1988 APT Bull. 20 No. 4. 8/1 The slurry is very abrasive to workers' hands. 2003 Biol. Bull. 205 354/1 A rotary tool with a 1.6-mm-diameter carborundum abrasive wheel. 2. figurative. a. Esp. of sound: harsh, grating, strident. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > inelegance > [adjective] > harsh rough?1520 scabrousa1585 harsh1594 unsmooth1610 unsmoothed1614 truculent1850 abrasive1861 gritty1882 1861 A. J. Davis Great Harmonia (ed. 5) V. 229 Its descending atmospheres blend prayerfully with the soil made by the abrasive contemplations of his granite intellect. 1925 T. Dreiser Amer. Trag. I. ii. xxxiv. 387 His mind was troubled with hard, abrasive thoughts. 1982 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 3 Aug. c12/4 The band balanced its feats of instrumental wizardry with an abrasive, clearly punk-influenced intensity. 1995 DJ 6 July 45/2 Mr Distortion pays us a visit and turns the controls to number 11, providing a healthy serving of sharp and abrasive beats. b. Aggressively or uncompromisingly direct; acting without concern for the feelings of others; brash, tactless, ungentle. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > discourtesy > [adjective] > curt or brusque > specifically of manner snappish1836 snappy1890 abrasive1944 1944 N.Y. Times 22 Oct. ii. 1/8 He is polished, urbane and briskly trenchant in his finished acting style and he has an abrasive personality that makes an impression right away. 1963 Science 17 May 793/2 Hardy himself sometimes adopts an abrasive style in subcommittee hearings. 1972 Observer 30 Jan. 9/6 His private persona sometimes contrasts sharply with his more abrasive public image. 2005 Weekend Austral. (Brisbane) 26 Nov. (Review section) 11/4 Scott could be abrasive and charming by turns. He could condemn and persuade. B. n. An abrasive substance or agent. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > rubbing or friction > [noun] > one who or that which rubs or scrapes froterer1607 scratcher1674 scraper1788 scrubber1839 abrader1849 abrasive1850 scourer1859 1850 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. III. xxxi. 1101 The Orientals..are well acquainted with the use of diamond powder as an abrasive for such works as require it. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 768/1 Its [sc. corundum's] very hardness makes it valuable as an abrasive. 1951 Good Housek. Home Encycl. 11/1 Abrasives are useful for heavily soiled surfaces, when soap and water or detergents are unsuccessful and some gentle friction is required. 2001 Veranda July–Aug. 56/1 Decorating an object by cutting, grinding and polishing with a rotating wheel and abrasives. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.n.1601
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