ishn.¹

Brit.

/ɪʃ/, U.S.

/ɪʃ/, Scottish English

/ɪʃ/

Forms: Middle English ysche, Middle English–1500s ische, 1600s– ish.

Etymology: < ish v.¹

Scottish.

1. Issue, egress, exit; right of exit; †place of egress. Now only in Scots Law, in ish and entry (see quot. 1861).

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > means of exit

outgangOE

gatec1175

outletc1275

outgoinga1387

water gatea1393

ish14..

issuec1400

outgatec1485

ushing1489

outway1571

egress1660

utterance1662

débouché1760

debouch1813

gateway1842

outgo1869

outfall1883

outcome1885

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun]

outcome?c1225

issuea1325

outgoing?c1335

outpassinga1387

out-passagea1398

outgatea1400

ishingc1422

egression?a1425

exiture?a1425

issuing?a1425

ush1429

excessc1450

ish1513

egress1528

getting out1599

exitus1608

excession1656

evasiona1659

exition1663

outgo1858

14.. Burgh Lawis (Rec. Soc.) No. 52 The tane sall geyff to the aldyrman a penny for the ische and the tothir sall geyff a penny for the entre.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) vi. 363 The strat entre Of the furde, and the ysche [1489 Adv. wschyng] alsua.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vii. xiv. 51 Quhair as the chill river hait Vfens Seikis..Amyd how valeis his renk and ische.

a1651 D. Calderwood Hist. Kirk Scotl. Souldiours placed to stop all ish and entrie.

1861 G. Ross W. Bell's Dict. Law Scotl. (rev. ed.) 476/1 The clause, cum libero exitu et introitu (‘with free ish and entry’), in the tenendas of a charter, imports a right to all ways and passages, in so far as they may be necessary, to kirk and market, through the adjacent grounds of the granter.

2. The conclusion of a period of time; the expiry of a legal term, a lease, etc. Now only in Scots Law.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > end or conclusion > [noun] > coming or bringing to an end > coming to an end or expiry

endc1000

ush1463

outrunning1483

extermination1490

ish1502

expirement1526

concluding1530

expiration1562

closing1598

terminating1598

cessure1607

outpassing1609

expire1612

expiring1612

expiry1807

cesser1809

1502 in R. Pitcairn Anc. Criminal Trials Scotl. I. *30 For þe space of fourty days; at the ische of þe quhilk terme ande ende of xl dais [etc.].

1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1822) ii. 159 At the ische of this yere, Marcus Minucius and Aulus Sempronius war maid consullis.

c1575 Balfour's Practicks (1754) 209 Gif ane man, efter the ische of his takkis..ressavis foir-maill for the samin landis.

1769 J. Erskine Princ. Law Scotl. (ed. 4) ii. vi. 179 Renunciations are now seldom reduced into writing, when they are not to have effect before the ish.

1886 Act 49 & 50 Vict. c. 50 §5 Notice of removal..shall..be given as many days before the date of ish as shall be equivalent to at least one third of the full period of duration of the lease.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

ishn.²

Brit.

/ɪʃ/, U.S.

/ɪʃ/

Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: issue n.

Etymology: Shortened < issue n.

colloquial.

An issue or edition in a series; spec. an issue of a magazine, esp. (in early use) a fanzine.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > publishing > a publication > [noun] > issue or edition

edition?a1475

print1535

edit.1574

issue1849

ish1942

1942 Planet Stories Spring 123/1 What strange part of your mind (?) made you reprint Morey's pic from the third ish.

1955 Amazing Stories June 75 Over the years, they [sc. fanzines] have developed a special argot: ‘ish’ for ‘issue’; ‘illo’ for ‘illustration’; ‘faned’ (rhymes with ‘Slan head’) for ‘fan editor’, to give a few examples.

1961 Amra July 2 This is..the early July 1961 ish of Amra, a magazine published as often as we can make it.

1977 Sniffin' Glue Mar. 9/1 We was going to have an article on them in this ish but were waiting till we've got more space for an interview.

1984 Sounds 29 Dec. 5/1 The coupla extra tracks tacked on this ish of ‘Now That's What I Call..Blaaaaagh’.

2003 LA Weekly (Nexis) 21 Mar. 6 Caught the pic of Gyorgy Ligeti in the last ish and thought to read up on the gent.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† ishissv.¹

Forms: α. Middle English ice, Middle English isse, yse. β. ScottishMiddle English ysche, Middle English–1500s isch(e, Middle English issh, yssh, yss(e, ( ussh), 1500s ish(e.

Etymology: Middle English < Old French issir , (yssir , ussir ), (compare issant adj.), earlier eissir = Italian escire, uscire < Latin exīre to go out, < ex out + īre to go.

Obsolete.

1. intransitive. = issue v. 2 – 2a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > go or come out [verb (intransitive)]

outgoeOE

to come outOE

forthcomeOE

to go outOE

ishc1330

to take forth one's way (also journey, road, etc.)a1375

proceedc1380

getc1390

exorta1400

issue?a1400

precedec1425

purgea1430

to come forthc1449

suea1450

ushc1475

to call one's way (also course)1488

to turn outa1500

void1558

redound1565

egress1578

outpacea1596

result1598

pursue1651

out1653

pop1770

to get out1835

progress1851

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > go or come out [verb (reflexive)]

ishc1330

unreeve1815

α.

1292 Britton iii. xvii. §3 Qe de soen gre..s'en issi et se demist. transl. That of his own accord he..went out and dispossessed himself.]

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 3466 Þey armede hem, and isseden out.

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 3789 William & his wiȝes..softli Iced out of þe cite whan þei seie time.

1426 J. Lydgate tr. G. de Guileville Pilgrimage Life Man 14407 Wynd and wordys rud and dul Yssen out fful gret plente.

c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) i. vi. 4 Þanne j ysede me out of myn hous.

β. c1475 (?c1425) Avowing of King Arthur (1984) l. 1017 On a day we vsshet oute.1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) ii. 281 Ȝe sall isch furth to ye bataill, And fecht with yaim.c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 5784 Arowes vp in the aire ysshit full þicke.1558 Sc. Acts Mary (1814) II. 508 Gife It sal happin..oure sade souerane departe of þis mortale life w^tout airis Ischeit of hir body.a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) II. 11 Certaine of the castell men wschit [1728 ishing] out and skirmischit thame.figurative.c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Cambr.) iii. pr. xii. 82 Þat hast so wouen me with thy resouns..thow þat ooþer while entrist ther þou issest and oother while issest ther thow entrist.

2. transitive. To go out of, depart from. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away from [verb (transitive)]

leaveeOE

beleavea1250

devoidc1325

voidc1330

roomc1400

wagc1400

departa1425

refusea1425

avoid1447

ishc1450

remove1459

absent1488

part1496

refrain1534

to turn the backc1540

quita1568

apart1574

shrink1594

to fall from ——1600

to draw away1616

to go off ——a1630

shifta1642

untenant1795

evacuate1809

exit1830

stash1888

split1956

society > travel > aspects of travel > departure, leaving, or going away > depart from or leave [verb (transitive)]

leaveeOE

beleavea1250

devoidc1325

voidc1330

to pass out ofa1398

roomc1400

departa1425

avoid1447

ishc1450

part1496

quita1568

shrink1594

shifta1642

to turn out of ——1656

refraina1723

blow1902

c1450 Mirour Saluacioun 5031 With joye isshed thow the Citee of his swete birth Bethelem.

3. transitive. To clear (a place) by driving out those within.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > place > absence > fact of being unoccupied > leave unoccupied [verb (transitive)] > make unoccupied > by driving out occupants

ish1537

chase1655

1537 Sc. Acts. Jas. V c. 50 That an Maisser ische the Councel-house, and himselfe sall stande at the dure, and let na man enter.

Derivatives

† ishing n. Obsolete = issuing n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun]

outcome?c1225

issuea1325

outgoing?c1335

outpassinga1387

out-passagea1398

outgatea1400

ishingc1422

egression?a1425

exiture?a1425

issuing?a1425

ush1429

excessc1450

ish1513

egress1528

getting out1599

exitus1608

excession1656

evasiona1659

exition1663

outgo1858

c1422 T. Hoccleve Learn to Die 629 Of his spirit shal be the issynge, In-to eternal blisse the entrynge.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xv. 158 Till warn hym of thair ysching [1489 Adv. isching].

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) xi. 77 The..place had ane narrou entres & narrou isching.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

ishv.²

Etymology: Echoic.

intransitive. To make the sound ish! or sh! as in striking the air forcibly.Apparently an isolated use.

ΚΠ

1898 G. S. Robertson Chitral xxi. 201 Bullets went ‘ishing’ just over it with curious monotony.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online September 2019).

ishadv.

Brit.

/ɪʃ/, U.S.

/ɪʃ/

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: -ish suffix¹.

Etymology: < -ish suffix¹.

colloquial.

Qualifying a previous statement or description, esp. as a conversational rejoinder: almost, in a way, partially, vaguely.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > smallness of quantity, amount, or degree > [adverb] > somewhat

somedealc725

halfc1175

somewhatc1175

somethingc1275

little whatc1384

somedeallyc1400

measurablec1420

somewhatlyc1450

somewisec1450

somepartc1485

parta1500

something1548

rather1573

some1575

rathera1684

sunket1686

somethingisha1726

measurably1756

rather1770

rather1772

somec1780

sumthin1786

wee1816

sumfin1852

sumptin1852

measuredly1860

sumpin1889

part-way1954

ish1986

1986 Sunday Times 19 Oct. (Review section) 51/8 One of those neatly crafted middle-brow plays which, because they have a pleasantly happy ending (well, ish), might make people think that they've been handed a soft option.

1990 P. Pulsford Lee's Ghost (BNC) 41 You must try to remember that some people are normal. Ish.

1991 J. O'Connor Cowboys & Indians (1992) 122 Frank asked if they were linked, romantically... Then he said yeah, he supposed they were, that was one way to put it, in a way. He paused. ‘Ish,’ he admitted. ‘Vaguely.’

1995 C. Bateman Cycle of Violence vi. 94 ‘Trust Davie Morrow.’ ‘You know him?’ ‘Ish. He's a regular across the road.’

2002 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 5 Sept. d8/5 Mr. Langmead, speaking by telephone from London, hesitated. ‘Ish,’ he said, employing the international shorthand for slight hedge.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

> see also

also refers to : -ishsuffix¹

also refers to : -ishsuffix²

> as lemmas

-ish

5. From adjectives in -ish, adverbs in -ishly, and nouns of quality in -ishness are formed ad libitum: e.g. girlishly, girlishness, feverishly, feverishness.

extracted from -ishsuffix¹

n.¹14..

n.²1942

v.¹c1330

v.²1898

adv.1986

单词	ish
释义	ishn.¹ Brit. /ɪʃ/, U.S. /ɪʃ/, Scottish English /ɪʃ/ Forms: Middle English ysche, Middle English–1500s ische, 1600s– ish. Etymology: < ish v.¹ Scottish. 1. Issue, egress, exit; right of exit; †place of egress. Now only in Scots Law, in ish and entry (see quot. 1861). ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > means of exit outgangOE gatec1175 outletc1275 outgoinga1387 water gatea1393 ish14.. issuec1400 outgatec1485 ushing1489 outway1571 egress1660 utterance1662 débouché1760 debouch1813 gateway1842 outgo1869 outfall1883 outcome1885 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] outcome?c1225 issuea1325 outgoing?c1335 outpassinga1387 out-passagea1398 outgatea1400 ishingc1422 egression?a1425 exiture?a1425 issuing?a1425 ush1429 excessc1450 ish1513 egress1528 getting out1599 exitus1608 excession1656 evasiona1659 exition1663 outgo1858 14.. Burgh Lawis (Rec. Soc.) No. 52 The tane sall geyff to the aldyrman a penny for the ische and the tothir sall geyff a penny for the entre. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) vi. 363 The strat entre Of the furde, and the ysche [1489 Adv. wschyng] alsua. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vii. xiv. 51 Quhair as the chill river hait Vfens Seikis..Amyd how valeis his renk and ische. a1651 D. Calderwood Hist. Kirk Scotl. Souldiours placed to stop all ish and entrie. 1861 G. Ross W. Bell's Dict. Law Scotl. (rev. ed.) 476/1 The clause, cum libero exitu et introitu (‘with free ish and entry’), in the tenendas of a charter, imports a right to all ways and passages, in so far as they may be necessary, to kirk and market, through the adjacent grounds of the granter. 2. The conclusion of a period of time; the expiry of a legal term, a lease, etc. Now only in Scots Law. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > end or conclusion > [noun] > coming or bringing to an end > coming to an end or expiry endc1000 ush1463 outrunning1483 extermination1490 ish1502 expirement1526 concluding1530 expiration1562 closing1598 terminating1598 cessure1607 outpassing1609 expire1612 expiring1612 expiry1807 cesser1809 1502 in R. Pitcairn Anc. Criminal Trials Scotl. I. 30 For þe space of fourty days; at the ische of þe quhilk terme ande ende of xl dais [etc.]. 1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome* (1822) ii. 159 At the ische of this yere, Marcus Minucius and Aulus Sempronius war maid consullis. c1575 Balfour's Practicks (1754) 209 Gif ane man, efter the ische of his takkis..ressavis foir-maill for the samin landis. 1769 J. Erskine Princ. Law Scotl. (ed. 4) ii. vi. 179 Renunciations are now seldom reduced into writing, when they are not to have effect before the ish. 1886 Act 49 & 50 Vict. c. 50 §5 Notice of removal..shall..be given as many days before the date of ish as shall be equivalent to at least one third of the full period of duration of the lease. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022). ishn.² Brit. /ɪʃ/, U.S. /ɪʃ/ Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: issue n. Etymology: Shortened < issue n. colloquial. An issue or edition in a series; spec. an issue of a magazine, esp. (in early use) a fanzine. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > publishing > a publication > [noun] > issue or edition edition?a1475 print1535 edit.1574 issue1849 ish1942 1942 Planet Stories Spring 123/1 What strange part of your mind (?) made you reprint Morey's pic from the third ish. 1955 Amazing Stories June 75 Over the years, they [sc. fanzines] have developed a special argot: ‘ish’ for ‘issue’; ‘illo’ for ‘illustration’; ‘faned’ (rhymes with ‘Slan head’) for ‘fan editor’, to give a few examples. 1961 Amra July 2 This is..the early July 1961 ish of Amra, a magazine published as often as we can make it. 1977 Sniffin' Glue Mar. 9/1 We was going to have an article on them in this ish but were waiting till we've got more space for an interview. 1984 Sounds 29 Dec. 5/1 The coupla extra tracks tacked on this ish of ‘Now That's What I Call..Blaaaaagh’. 2003 LA Weekly (Nexis) 21 Mar. 6 Caught the pic of Gyorgy Ligeti in the last ish and thought to read up on the gent. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † ishissv.¹ Forms: α. Middle English ice, Middle English isse, yse. β. ScottishMiddle English ysche, Middle English–1500s isch(e, Middle English issh, yssh, yss(e, ( ussh), 1500s ish(e. Etymology: Middle English < Old French issir , (yssir , ussir ), (compare issant adj.), earlier eissir = Italian escire, uscire < Latin exīre to go out, < ex out + īre to go. Obsolete. 1. intransitive. = issue v. 2 – 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > go or come out [verb (intransitive)] outgoeOE to come outOE forthcomeOE to go outOE to go outOE ishc1330 to take forth one's way (also journey, road, etc.)a1375 proceedc1380 getc1390 exorta1400 issue?a1400 precedec1425 purgea1430 to come forthc1449 suea1450 ushc1475 to call one's way (also course)1488 to turn outa1500 void1558 redound1565 egress1578 outpacea1596 result1598 pursue1651 out1653 pop1770 to get out1835 progress1851 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > go or come out [verb (reflexive)] ishc1330 unreeve1815 α. 1292 Britton iii. xvii. §3 Qe de soen gre..s'en issi et se demist. transl. That of his own accord he..went out and dispossessed himself.] c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 3466 Þey armede hem, and isseden out. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 3789 William & his wiȝes..softli Iced out of þe cite whan þei seie time. 1426 J. Lydgate tr. G. de Guileville Pilgrimage Life Man 14407 Wynd and wordys rud and dul Yssen out fful gret plente. c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) i. vi. 4 Þanne j ysede me out of myn hous. β. c1475 (?c1425) Avowing of King Arthur (1984) l. 1017 On a day we vsshet oute.1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) ii. 281 Ȝe sall isch furth to ye bataill, And fecht with yaim.c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 5784 Arowes vp in the aire ysshit full þicke.1558 Sc. Acts Mary (1814) II. 508 Gife It sal happin..oure sade souerane departe of þis mortale life w^tout airis Ischeit of hir body.a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) II. 11 Certaine of the castell men wschit [1728 ishing] out and skirmischit thame.figurative.c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Cambr.) iii. pr. xii. 82 Þat hast so wouen me with thy resouns..thow þat ooþer while entrist ther þou issest and oother while issest ther thow entrist. 2. transitive. To go out of, depart from. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away from [verb (transitive)] leaveeOE beleavea1250 devoidc1325 voidc1330 roomc1400 wagc1400 departa1425 refusea1425 avoid1447 ishc1450 remove1459 absent1488 part1496 refrain1534 to turn the backc1540 quita1568 apart1574 shrink1594 to fall from ——1600 to draw away1616 to go off ——a1630 shifta1642 untenant1795 evacuate1809 exit1830 stash1888 split1956 society > travel > aspects of travel > departure, leaving, or going away > depart from or leave [verb (transitive)] leaveeOE beleavea1250 devoidc1325 voidc1330 to pass out ofa1398 roomc1400 departa1425 avoid1447 ishc1450 part1496 quita1568 shrink1594 shifta1642 to turn out of ——1656 refraina1723 blow1902 c1450 Mirour Saluacioun 5031 With joye isshed thow the Citee of his swete birth Bethelem. 3. transitive. To clear (a place) by driving out those within. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > absence > fact of being unoccupied > leave unoccupied [verb (transitive)] > make unoccupied > by driving out occupants ish1537 chase1655 1537 Sc. Acts. Jas. V c. 50 That an Maisser ische the Councel-house, and himselfe sall stande at the dure, and let na man enter. Derivatives † ishing n. Obsolete = issuing n. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] outcome?c1225 issuea1325 outgoing?c1335 outpassinga1387 out-passagea1398 outgatea1400 ishingc1422 egression?a1425 exiture?a1425 issuing?a1425 ush1429 excessc1450 ish1513 egress1528 getting out1599 exitus1608 excession1656 evasiona1659 exition1663 outgo1858 c1422 T. Hoccleve Learn to Die 629 Of his spirit shal be the issynge, In-to eternal blisse the entrynge. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xv. 158 Till warn hym of thair ysching [1489 Adv. isching]. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) xi. 77 The..place had ane narrou entres & narrou isching. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online December 2021). ishv.² Etymology: Echoic. intransitive. To make the sound ish! or sh! as in striking the air forcibly.Apparently an isolated use. ΚΠ 1898 G. S. Robertson Chitral xxi. 201 Bullets went ‘ishing’ just over it with curious monotony. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online September 2019). ishadv. Brit. /ɪʃ/, U.S. /ɪʃ/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: -ish suffix¹. Etymology: < -ish suffix¹. colloquial. Qualifying a previous statement or description, esp. as a conversational rejoinder: almost, in a way, partially, vaguely. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > smallness of quantity, amount, or degree > [adverb] > somewhat somedealc725 halfc1175 somewhatc1175 somethingc1275 little whatc1384 somedeallyc1400 measurablec1420 somewhatlyc1450 somewisec1450 somepartc1485 parta1500 something1548 rather1573 some1575 rathera1684 sunket1686 somethingisha1726 measurably1756 rather1770 rather1772 somec1780 sumthin1786 wee1816 sumfin1852 sumptin1852 measuredly1860 sumpin1889 part-way1954 ish1986 1986 Sunday Times 19 Oct. (Review section) 51/8 One of those neatly crafted middle-brow plays which, because they have a pleasantly happy ending (well, ish), might make people think that they've been handed a soft option. 1990 P. Pulsford Lee's Ghost (BNC) 41 You must try to remember that some people are normal. Ish. 1991 J. O'Connor Cowboys & Indians (1992) 122 Frank asked if they were linked, romantically... Then he said yeah, he supposed they were, that was one way to put it, in a way. He paused. ‘Ish,’ he admitted. ‘Vaguely.’ 1995 C. Bateman Cycle of Violence vi. 94 ‘Trust Davie Morrow.’ ‘You know him?’ ‘Ish. He's a regular across the road.’ 2002 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 5 Sept. d8/5 Mr. Langmead, speaking by telephone from London, hesitated. ‘Ish,’ he said, employing the international shorthand for slight hedge. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). > see also also refers to : -ishsuffix¹ also refers to : -ishsuffix² > as lemmas -ish 5. From adjectives in -ish, adverbs in -ishly, and nouns of quality in -ishness are formed ad libitum: e.g. girlishly, girlishness, feverishly, feverishness. extracted from -ishsuffix¹ < n.¹14..n.²1942v.¹c1330v.²1898adv.1986 see also as lemmas
随便看	θ49795 θ49796 θ49797 θ49798 θ49799 θ498 θ4980 θ49800 θ49801 θ49802 θ49803 θ49804 θ49805 θ49806 θ49807 θ49808 θ49809 θ4981 θ49810 θ49811 θ49812 θ49813 θ49814 θ49815 θ49816

ishn.1

ishn.2

† ishissv.1

Derivatives

ishv.2

ishadv.

> see also

> as lemmas

ishn.¹

ishn.²

† ishissv.¹

ishv.²