insteadadv.

Brit.

/ɪnˈstɛd/, U.S.

/ᵻnˈstɛd/

Forms: Middle English ine stude; Middle English in stude, Middle English in stud, in (yn) sted, Middle English in stede, in stid, in stide, 1500s in steede, Scottish in steid, ( in stayd), 1500s–1600s in steed, in steade, in stead; insteed(e, 1600s insted, 1600s– instead.

Etymology: The two words in stead = ‘in place’, rarely written as one word before 1620, but seldom separately after c1640, except when separated by a possessive pronoun or possessive case, as in my stead , in Duke William's stead . Most frequently followed by of , in the prepositional phrase in stead of , instead of (= French au lieu de ); formerly also in the stead of , which is still used dialectally, e.g. in the southern counties of Scotland. See stead n.Of 16 instances of the phrase occurring in the 1623 Folio of Shakespeare, 6 are printed conjunctly; but not one of these so occurs in the earlier quartos. The only instance of the conjunct spelling before 1620 is that in 3 Hen. VI, ii. vi. 54, where the True Tragedy of 1595 has ‘Insteed of that’, and 1619 ‘Instead of that’. In all other instances, the earlier reading is in steed, or in stead. Thus in 1 Hen. IV, v. iii. 8 the 1623 Folio has ‘insted of thee’, but the Qo. of 1598 ‘in steed of thee’, and the 6 Qos. 1599–1632 ‘in stead of thee’.

a. Phrase. instead of, †in stead of: In place of, in lieu of, in room of; for, in substitution for.

α. separately. (Also in the stead of (obsolete or dialect). For in his stead, in his friend's stead, and the like, see [see stead n.]. )In quot. 1557 [see at α. ]. of is omitted before the infinitive.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 21 Requiescant inpace in þe stude of benedicamus.

1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 4358 Is dragon arerd of golde As in stude of is baner.

a1300 Cursor Mundi 1139 In sted o þi noþer sede, Ne sal þe groue bot þorne and wede.

c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 19 Hise newe sacramentis with whiche he chargid the peple of Cristen, instide of cerymonies iudicialis and oold sacramentis.

1485 W. Caxton tr. Paris & Vienne (1957) 45 That he be recommaunded as your sone in stede of me.

1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia ii. sig. Gviii^v The chykens, assone as they be come owte of the shell, followe men and women in steade of the hennes.

1557 T. North tr. A. de Guevara Diall Princes f. 231/1 In stede to healpe hym to dye well, [he] putteth hym in vayne hope of long lyfe.

1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft x. viii. 184 Either fat, or oile in steed thereof.

1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. 3 Catholicon the drugge, that it is in stead of all purges.

1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre i. i. 2 Pella..which served them in stead of a little Zoar.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 407/2 Q..is a Letter of small use, and put only in stead of C.

1718 Free-thinker No. 56. 2 In the Stead of the Sanction was established the famous Concordat.]

β. As one word.1595 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 ii. vi. 54 Insteed of that [1623 In stead whereof], let his supplie the roome.1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. viii. 101 The translation leadeth the schollar as by the hand, or insteed of his Master.1634 W. Tirwhyt tr. J. L. G. de Balzac Lett. 42 Thinke you not they made vse of their hands insteede of feete.1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ i. ii. §10 Preserved in their Temples, which were instead of Libraries to them.1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 18. ⁋1 It was written, This is the Beer, instead of, This is the Bear.1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. iii. 27 Instead of money he gave promises.1852 J. W. Carlyle Lett. II. 182 We went on the Saturday instead of the Friday.1892 S. R. Gardiner Student's Hist. Eng. 6 They burned instead of burying their dead.

b. Instead of may also be used elliptically before a preposition, adverb, adjective, or phrase.

1834 H. Taylor Autobiogr. (1885) I. 194 People..called upon to conform to my taste, instead of to read something which is conformable to theirs.

1865 R. W. Dale Jewish Temple (Notes 303) The Law was to be written on the hearts of men instead of on tables of stone.

1900 N.E.D. at Instead Mod. I found the patient worse instead of better. You should be out instead of in, on such a fine day. I found it on the floor instead of in the drawer.

2. Without of: In its stead, in stead or in place of the thing mentioned; as a substitute.

ΘΠ

the world > time > change > exchange > substitution > [adverb]

in his steadc1230

in one's room1489

in the steada1525

by substitute1597

in lieu1599

instead1667

vicariously1868

rather1967

the world > time > change > exchange > substitution > in place of [preposition]

in (the) lieu ofc1290

in the stead ofa1325

stead of14..

in the way ofa1475

in the room of1526

in (the) place of1533

in the roomth of1565

instead1667

vice1770

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xii. 54 To rase Quite out thir Native Language, and instead To sow a jangling noise of words unknown.

1821 P. B. Shelley Dirge for Year i Come and sigh, come and weep! Merry hours, smile instead.

1836 J. H. Newman Parochial Serm. (1837) III. iii. 39 When we look for evidence of his faith..we discover instead a deadness to all considerations.

1866 J. Ruskin Ethics of Dust 17 The money which the English habitually spend in cutting diamonds..if it were applied to cutting rocks instead [etc.].

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	instead
释义	insteadadv. Brit. /ɪnˈstɛd/, U.S. /ᵻnˈstɛd/ Forms: Middle English ine stude; Middle English in stude, Middle English in stud, in (yn) sted, Middle English in stede, in stid, in stide, 1500s in steede, Scottish in steid, ( in stayd), 1500s–1600s in steed, in steade, in stead; insteed(e, 1600s insted, 1600s– instead. Etymology: The two words in stead = ‘in place’, rarely written as one word before 1620, but seldom separately after c1640, except when separated by a possessive pronoun or possessive case, as in my stead , in Duke William's stead . Most frequently followed by of , in the prepositional phrase in stead of , instead of (= French au lieu de ); formerly also in the stead of , which is still used dialectally, e.g. in the southern counties of Scotland. See stead n.Of 16 instances of the phrase occurring in the 1623 Folio of Shakespeare, 6 are printed conjunctly; but not one of these so occurs in the earlier quartos. The only instance of the conjunct spelling before 1620 is that in 3 Hen. VI, ii. vi. 54, where the True Tragedy of 1595 has ‘Insteed of that’, and 1619 ‘Instead of that’. In all other instances, the earlier reading is in steed, or in stead. Thus in 1 Hen. IV, v. iii. 8 the 1623 Folio has ‘insted of thee’, but the Qo. of 1598 ‘in steed of thee’, and the 6 Qos. 1599–1632 ‘in stead of thee’. 1. a. Phrase. instead of, †in stead of: In place of, in lieu of, in room of; for, in substitution for. Π α. separately. (Also in the stead of (obsolete or dialect). For in his stead, in his friend's stead, and the like, see [see stead n.]. )In quot. 1557 [see at α. ]. of is omitted before the infinitive. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 21 Requiescant inpace in þe stude of benedicamus. 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 4358 Is dragon arerd of golde As in stude of is baner. a1300 Cursor Mundi 1139 In sted o þi noþer sede, Ne sal þe groue bot þorne and wede. c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 19 Hise newe sacramentis with whiche he chargid the peple of Cristen, instide of cerymonies iudicialis and oold sacramentis. 1485 W. Caxton tr. Paris & Vienne (1957) 45 That he be recommaunded as your sone in stede of me. 1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia ii. sig. Gviii^v The chykens, assone as they be come owte of the shell, followe men and women in steade of the hennes. 1557 T. North tr. A. de Guevara Diall Princes f. 231/1 In stede to healpe hym to dye well, [he] putteth hym in vayne hope of long lyfe. 1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft x. viii. 184 Either fat, or oile in steed thereof. 1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. 3 Catholicon the drugge, that it is in stead of all purges. 1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre i. i. 2 Pella..which served them in stead of a little Zoar. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 407/2 Q..is a Letter of small use, and put only in stead of C. 1718 Free-thinker No. 56. 2 In the Stead of the Sanction was established the famous Concordat.] β. As one word.1595 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 ii. vi. 54 Insteed of that [1623 In stead whereof], let his supplie the roome.1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. viii. 101 The translation leadeth the schollar as by the hand, or insteed of his Master.1634 W. Tirwhyt tr. J. L. G. de Balzac Lett. 42 Thinke you not they made vse of their hands insteede of feete.1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ i. ii. §10 Preserved in their Temples, which were instead of Libraries to them.1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 18. ⁋1 It was written, This is the Beer, instead of, This is the Bear.1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. iii. 27 Instead of money he gave promises.1852 J. W. Carlyle Lett. II. 182 We went on the Saturday instead of the Friday.1892 S. R. Gardiner Student's Hist. Eng. 6 They burned instead of burying their dead. b. Instead of may also be used elliptically before a preposition, adverb, adjective, or phrase. Π 1834 H. Taylor Autobiogr. (1885) I. 194 People..called upon to conform to my taste, instead of to read something which is conformable to theirs. 1865 R. W. Dale Jewish Temple (Notes 303) The Law was to be written on the hearts of men instead of on tables of stone. 1900 N.E.D. at Instead Mod. I found the patient worse instead of better. You should be out instead of in, on such a fine day. I found it on the floor instead of in the drawer. 2. Without of: In its stead, in stead or in place of the thing mentioned; as a substitute. ΘΠ the world > time > change > exchange > substitution > [adverb] in his steadc1230 in one's room1489 in the steada1525 by substitute1597 in lieu1599 instead1667 vicariously1868 rather1967 the world > time > change > exchange > substitution > in place of [preposition] in (the) lieu ofc1290 in the stead ofa1325 stead of14.. in the way ofa1475 in the room of1526 in (the) place of1533 in the roomth of1565 instead1667 vice1770 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xii. 54 To rase Quite out thir Native Language, and instead To sow a jangling noise of words unknown. View more context for this quotation 1821 P. B. Shelley Dirge for Year i Come and sigh, come and weep! Merry hours, smile instead. 1836 J. H. Newman Parochial Serm. (1837) III. iii. 39 When we look for evidence of his faith..we discover instead a deadness to all considerations. 1866 J. Ruskin Ethics of Dust 17 The money which the English habitually spend in cutting diamonds..if it were applied to cutting rocks instead [etc.]. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adv.?c1225
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