artificiallyadv.

Brit.

/ˌɑːtᵻˈfɪʃl̩i/,

/ˌɑːtᵻˈfɪʃəli/, U.S.

/ˌɑrdəˈfɪʃəli/

Forms: see artificial adj. and n. and -ly suffix²; also late Middle English artificialy.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: artificial adj., -ly suffix².

Etymology: < artificial adj. + -ly suffix². Compare Middle French, French artificiellement skilfully (a1268 in Old French as artificielment), by an act of will (1370 as artificielment), by human skill or design (1380 as artificielment), cunningly (1537). Compare also Old Occitan artificialment (c1350).

a. In accordance with the principles of an art or science; (hence) expertly, skilfully, ingeniously. Now rare. N.E.D. (1885) notes: ‘archaic or Obsolete but still used in legal phraseology in the primary sense’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [adverb] > with skill or art

artificially?a1425

artlya1450

art-like1630

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 1 A Cirurgien, for to werke artificialy [?c1425 Paris craftely; L. artificialiter], oweþ for to [etc.].

c1450 tr. G. Boccaccio De Claris Mulieribus (1924) 713 (MED) An helmet ryche, made artificyally.

1528 Rede me & be nott Wrothe sig. ciij Watt. Why, makest thou hym a saynt? Ief. Euen soche a one as paynters do paynt On walles and bordes artificially.

1574 G. Baker tr. Composition Oleum Magistrale sig. C ii^v Him that cureth artificially obseruing the learned method and order.

1583 B. Melbancke Philotimus Adrianus painted grapes so artificially, that birds pecked at them.

1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xxx. i. 380 Stringed..instruments, fingered right artificially.

1692 J. Ray Wisdom of God (ed. 2) i. 136 How wisely and artificially their Members are formed.

1741 S. Johnson Drake in Gentleman's Mag. Jan. 40 Baskets plaited so artificially that they held Water.

1790 J. Bruce Trav. Source Nile IV. viii. iv. 334 A girba is an ox's skin squared, and the edges sewed together very artificially by a double seam.

1817 J. Mill Hist. Brit. India I. ii. viii. 356 (note) So artificially done, that they seemed natural.

1876 Law Rep.: Exchequer Div. 1 161 The instrument is not in all respects artificially drawn.

1916 Mod. Lang. Notes 31 22 That such recurrence need not however be regular is shown by the stylist Otfrid himself in one of his most artificially worked out passages.

†b. With skill directed to hide or deceive. Obsolete.Sometimes passing into sense 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [adverb] > with skill or art > ingeniously > with skill to hide or deceive

artificially1566

1566 J. Rastell Treat.: Beware of M. Iewel ii. vii. sig. Xv Why plaie you the hypocrite so artificially, in keping that backe, which should haue ben at the very first Answered?

1639 T. B. tr. J.-P. Camus Certain Moral Relations in S. Du Verger tr. J.-P. Camus Admirable Events 199 A young man that could artificially counterfeit all manner of hand writing.

1708 J. Chamberlayne Magnæ Britanniæ Notitia (ed. 22) ii. iii. vii. 524 Plaids..which they manage so artificially, as to supply the defect of Drawers and Breeches.

a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 11 A cupboard that was very artificially hid.

1749 T. Smollett tr. A. R. Le Sage Gil Blas II. v. i. 192 A little red beard of horse-hair, which he fixed so artificially to his ears, that one would have sworn it was the natural produce of his chin.

1843 Southern Literary Messenger July 437/1 He..beheld its nine terraces rising one above another, each covered with orange trees artificially spread out so as to hide the masonry.

a. By human skill or design, esp. in imitation of or as a substitute for a natural process or product; by artificial means.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > [adverb] > artificially

artificially1533

curiously1615

factitiously1773

artifactually1924

1533 J. Heywood Play of Wether sig. Ci ^v We spake of wynde that comyth naturally And that is wynde forcyd artyfycyally.

1590 W. Clever Flower of Phisicke 108 Single medicines, haue an appropriat inclination in themselues, but artificially qualified from their owne nature, haue a more clearer..effect.

1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 54 Torches, which (though of pure white wax) were yet all artificially made obscurely browne.

1664 H. Power Exper. Philos. i. 35 I have artificially frozen all the said Liquor into a mass of Ice.

1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature I. 368 The experiment of artificially congealing wetted snow.

1822 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 112 236 Oven-shaped cavity, which has been produced artificially by extracting bones and skulls from the osseous breccia.

1873 A. W. Williamson Chem. for Students (ed. 3) §227 Alcohol can be built up artificially from its elements.

1902 P. von Kielmansegg tr. F. von Kielmansegge Diary Journey Eng. 55 An effort is made to bring on a natural water-course, or, failing that, to dig out one artificially.

1920 Sci. Monthly Jan. 68 The atmosphere of our artificially heated homes..is decidedly lacking in moisture.

1954 G. P. Gladstone & E. P. Abraham in H. W. Florey Lect. Gen. Pathol. xxiii. 407 This observation led to the custom of infecting individuals artificially with smallpox, in the hope that it would produce a mild disease and protect against a severe natural attack.

1995 K. McCloud Techniques of Decorating (1998) 35/2 Over the last 150 years there has been a vogue for artificially darkening old beams.

b. In a contrived way; with deliberate design to produce a contemplated result, as opposed to naturally or spontaneously.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > deception by illusion, delusion > artificiality > [adverb]

artificially1567

1567 W. Painter Palace of Pleasure II. xxxj. f.378 The yong Gentlewoman not very bashfull, conceiuing greater opinion of hir selfe, than was needefull, not casting hir eyes towards the ground, but rolling them artificially on euery side.

1602 A. Munday tr. 3rd Pt. Palmerin of Eng. f. 157 Labour not so artificially, in making me a witnesse of your counterfaited beauty, for I know you haue no reall perfections in you.

1607 T. Rogers Faith, Doctr., & Relig. 40 A great learned man..(to whose acquaintance I was artificially brought).

1670 Ld. North Narr. Passages Long Parl. in Coll. Scarce & Valuable Tracts (1748) I. 17 This Fear was artificially put into them, as I could easily perceive.

1714 J. Swift Some Free Thoughts upon Present State Affairs (1741) 29 Scruples artificially raised in the Mind of the expectant Heir.

1754 S. Fielding & J. Collier Cry I. i. v. 94 Was I conscious of artificially endeavouring to restrain him in that freedom, I should fall under that most heavy of all punishments.

1842 W. T. Brande Dict. Sci., Lit. & Art 885/1 Paraleipsis, in Rhetoric, the artificially exhibited omission or slight mention of some important point, in order to impress the hearers with indignation, pity, etc.

1867 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest I. ii. 48 Mercia has every appearance of having been artificially mapped out.

1934 Mind 43 419 If..we happen to think that something important is true of pure-bred Germans which is not true of Jews long settled in Germany, we are artificially making a distinction out of a difference.

1957 Amer. Catholic Sociol. Rev. 18 236 Scholars working in these fields develop a language, methods, and points of view different from those of their colleagues in the other artificially created subjects.

1990 R. Malan My Traitor's Heart (1991) i. 129 The pass laws kept his black labor costs artificially low, and antisubversion laws prevented blacks from forming trade unions.

†3. With or by artifice; artfully, craftily, cunningly. Chiefly in negative sense. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [adverb]

foxlyc1175

craftilyc1225

craftlyc1225

slylyc1275

fellyc1300

quaintc1300

quaintlyc1325

sleightlyc1330

subtly1340

sly1370

espyinglya1382

wisely1390

wililya1400

wilyc1400

subtilelyc1405

ginnouslya1425

semylyc1440

serpentlya1450

small?c1450

cautelously1477

politicly1477

sleightfullyc1480

artificiously1536

insidiously1545

sleightily1549

artificially1566

cunningly1603

versutely1616

artfully1631

subdolously1638

serpentinely1656

slimlya1680

pawkily1714

politically1764

trickfullyc1790

trickishly1824

leerily1859

dodgily1868

trickily1895

foxily1933

1566 J. Rastell Treat.: Beware of M. Iewel sig. Aiiij He chaungeth from one hand to an other so readely, yea shrinketh and geaueth backe so Artificiallye, that he may well seeme to haue done a greate Acte.

1573 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (1884) 31 So openly favur and incurrage the on, and so artificially and cunningly over~whart the other.

1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII 8 Hauing..giuen artificially, for seruing his owne turne, some hopes..to marrie Anne.

1679 E. Stillingfleet Serm. Whitehall 7 Mar. 46 It doth mischief secretly, spitefully and artificially.

a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 120 Sharp dissembled so artificially.

1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. iii. 58 Justice is often artificially eluded.

1777 R. Hitchcock Coquette v. 67 After getting so artificially off as you did, for Mr. Sedley to dissuade your lovyer to return you to your mamma again, instead of flourishing away to Scotland without redemption—Well!

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	artificially
释义	artificiallyadv. Brit. /ˌɑːtᵻˈfɪʃl̩i/, /ˌɑːtᵻˈfɪʃəli/, U.S. /ˌɑrdəˈfɪʃəli/ Forms: see artificial adj. and n. and -ly suffix²; also late Middle English artificialy. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: artificial adj., -ly suffix². Etymology: < artificial adj. + -ly suffix². Compare Middle French, French artificiellement skilfully (a1268 in Old French as artificielment), by an act of will (1370 as artificielment), by human skill or design (1380 as artificielment), cunningly (1537). Compare also Old Occitan artificialment (c1350). 1. a. In accordance with the principles of an art or science; (hence) expertly, skilfully, ingeniously. Now rare. N.E.D. (1885) notes: ‘archaic or Obsolete but still used in legal phraseology in the primary sense’. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [adverb] > with skill or art artificially?a1425 artlya1450 art-like1630 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 1 A Cirurgien, for to werke artificialy [?c1425 Paris craftely; L. artificialiter], oweþ for to [etc.]. c1450 tr. G. Boccaccio De Claris Mulieribus (1924) 713 (MED) An helmet ryche, made artificyally. 1528 Rede me & be nott Wrothe sig. ciij Watt. Why, makest thou hym a saynt? Ief. Euen soche a one as paynters do paynt On walles and bordes artificially. 1574 G. Baker tr. Composition Oleum Magistrale sig. C ii^v Him that cureth artificially obseruing the learned method and order. 1583 B. Melbancke Philotimus Adrianus painted grapes so artificially, that birds pecked at them. 1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xxx. i. 380 Stringed..instruments, fingered right artificially. 1692 J. Ray Wisdom of God (ed. 2) i. 136 How wisely and artificially their Members are formed. 1741 S. Johnson Drake in Gentleman's Mag. Jan. 40 Baskets plaited so artificially that they held Water. 1790 J. Bruce Trav. Source Nile IV. viii. iv. 334 A girba is an ox's skin squared, and the edges sewed together very artificially by a double seam. 1817 J. Mill Hist. Brit. India I. ii. viii. 356 (note) So artificially done, that they seemed natural. 1876 Law Rep.: Exchequer Div. 1 161 The instrument is not in all respects artificially drawn. 1916 Mod. Lang. Notes 31 22 That such recurrence need not however be regular is shown by the stylist Otfrid himself in one of his most artificially worked out passages. †b. With skill directed to hide or deceive. Obsolete.Sometimes passing into sense 3. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [adverb] > with skill or art > ingeniously > with skill to hide or deceive artificially1566 1566 J. Rastell Treat.: Beware of M. Iewel ii. vii. sig. Xv Why plaie you the hypocrite so artificially, in keping that backe, which should haue ben at the very first Answered? 1639 T. B. tr. J.-P. Camus Certain Moral Relations in S. Du Verger tr. J.-P. Camus Admirable Events 199 A young man that could artificially counterfeit all manner of hand writing. 1708 J. Chamberlayne Magnæ Britanniæ Notitia (ed. 22) ii. iii. vii. 524 Plaids..which they manage so artificially, as to supply the defect of Drawers and Breeches. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 11 A cupboard that was very artificially hid. 1749 T. Smollett tr. A. R. Le Sage Gil Blas II. v. i. 192 A little red beard of horse-hair, which he fixed so artificially to his ears, that one would have sworn it was the natural produce of his chin. 1843 Southern Literary Messenger July 437/1 He..beheld its nine terraces rising one above another, each covered with orange trees artificially spread out so as to hide the masonry. 2. a. By human skill or design, esp. in imitation of or as a substitute for a natural process or product; by artificial means. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > [adverb] > artificially artificially1533 curiously1615 factitiously1773 artifactually1924 1533 J. Heywood Play of Wether sig. Ci ^v We spake of wynde that comyth naturally And that is wynde forcyd artyfycyally. 1590 W. Clever Flower of Phisicke 108 Single medicines, haue an appropriat inclination in themselues, but artificially qualified from their owne nature, haue a more clearer..effect. 1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 54 Torches, which (though of pure white wax) were yet all artificially made obscurely browne. 1664 H. Power Exper. Philos. i. 35 I have artificially frozen all the said Liquor into a mass of Ice. 1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature I. 368 The experiment of artificially congealing wetted snow. 1822 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 112 236 Oven-shaped cavity, which has been produced artificially by extracting bones and skulls from the osseous breccia. 1873 A. W. Williamson Chem. for Students (ed. 3) §227 Alcohol can be built up artificially from its elements. 1902 P. von Kielmansegg tr. F. von Kielmansegge Diary Journey Eng. 55 An effort is made to bring on a natural water-course, or, failing that, to dig out one artificially. 1920 Sci. Monthly Jan. 68 The atmosphere of our artificially heated homes..is decidedly lacking in moisture. 1954 G. P. Gladstone & E. P. Abraham in H. W. Florey Lect. Gen. Pathol. xxiii. 407 This observation led to the custom of infecting individuals artificially with smallpox, in the hope that it would produce a mild disease and protect against a severe natural attack. 1995 K. McCloud Techniques of Decorating (1998) 35/2 Over the last 150 years there has been a vogue for artificially darkening old beams. b. In a contrived way; with deliberate design to produce a contemplated result, as opposed to naturally or spontaneously. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > deception by illusion, delusion > artificiality > [adverb] artificially1567 1567 W. Painter Palace of Pleasure II. xxxj. f.378 The yong Gentlewoman not very bashfull, conceiuing greater opinion of hir selfe, than was needefull, not casting hir eyes towards the ground, but rolling them artificially on euery side. 1602 A. Munday tr. 3rd Pt. Palmerin of Eng. f. 157 Labour not so artificially, in making me a witnesse of your counterfaited beauty, for I know you haue no reall perfections in you. 1607 T. Rogers Faith, Doctr., & Relig. 40 A great learned man..(to whose acquaintance I was artificially brought). 1670 Ld. North Narr. Passages Long Parl. in Coll. Scarce & Valuable Tracts (1748) I. 17 This Fear was artificially put into them, as I could easily perceive. 1714 J. Swift Some Free Thoughts upon Present State Affairs (1741) 29 Scruples artificially raised in the Mind of the expectant Heir. 1754 S. Fielding & J. Collier Cry I. i. v. 94 Was I conscious of artificially endeavouring to restrain him in that freedom, I should fall under that most heavy of all punishments. 1842 W. T. Brande Dict. Sci., Lit. & Art 885/1 Paraleipsis, in Rhetoric, the artificially exhibited omission or slight mention of some important point, in order to impress the hearers with indignation, pity, etc. 1867 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest I. ii. 48 Mercia has every appearance of having been artificially mapped out. 1934 Mind 43 419 If..we happen to think that something important is true of pure-bred Germans which is not true of Jews long settled in Germany, we are artificially making a distinction out of a difference. 1957 Amer. Catholic Sociol. Rev. 18 236 Scholars working in these fields develop a language, methods, and points of view different from those of their colleagues in the other artificially created subjects. 1990 R. Malan My Traitor's Heart (1991) i. 129 The pass laws kept his black labor costs artificially low, and antisubversion laws prevented blacks from forming trade unions. †3. With or by artifice; artfully, craftily, cunningly. Chiefly in negative sense. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [adverb] foxlyc1175 craftilyc1225 craftlyc1225 slylyc1275 fellyc1300 quaintc1300 quaintlyc1325 sleightlyc1330 subtly1340 sly1370 espyinglya1382 wisely1390 wililya1400 wilyc1400 subtilelyc1405 ginnouslya1425 semylyc1440 serpentlya1450 small?c1450 cautelously1477 politicly1477 sleightfullyc1480 artificiously1536 insidiously1545 sleightily1549 artificially1566 cunningly1603 versutely1616 artfully1631 subdolously1638 serpentinely1656 slimlya1680 pawkily1714 politically1764 trickfullyc1790 trickishly1824 leerily1859 dodgily1868 trickily1895 foxily1933 1566 J. Rastell Treat.: Beware of M. Iewel sig. Aiiij He chaungeth from one hand to an other so readely, yea shrinketh and geaueth backe so Artificiallye, that he may well seeme to haue done a greate Acte. 1573 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (1884) 31 So openly favur and incurrage the on, and so artificially and cunningly over~whart the other. 1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII 8 Hauing..giuen artificially, for seruing his owne turne, some hopes..to marrie Anne. 1679 E. Stillingfleet Serm. Whitehall 7 Mar. 46 It doth mischief secretly, spitefully and artificially. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 120 Sharp dissembled so artificially. 1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. iii. 58 Justice is often artificially eluded. 1777 R. Hitchcock Coquette v. 67 After getting so artificially off as you did, for Mr. Sedley to dissuade your lovyer to return you to your mamma again, instead of flourishing away to Scotland without redemption—Well! This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adv.?a1425
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