isometricadj.n.

1855 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) Isometric,..of equal measure, or extent.

1879 G. B. Prescott Speaking Telephone (new ed.) 547 If an isometric block of metal be drawn out into a wire, its resistance may be indefinitely increased.

1840 Penny Cycl. XVII. 492/1 This specific application of projection was termed isometric by the late Professor Farish, who pointed out its practical utility, and the facility of its application to the delineation of engines, etc.

1840 Penny Cycl. XVII. 492/1 A scale for determining the lengths of the axes of the isometric projection of a circle.

1868 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 5) Introd. 21 The systems of crystallization are..1. Having the axes equal. The Isometric system.

1868 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 5) Introd. 22 Some of the simpler isometric forms are represented in figures 1 to 50.

1891 A. D. Waller Introd. Human Physiol. ix. 330 If a muscle contracts against a large resistance..so that it can shorten very little, the curve described by a lever attached to it is termed ‘isometric’.

1895 Proc. Royal Soc. 1894–5 57 423 The shortening of the muscle is prevented by resistance (isometric contraction of Fick).

1900 J. S. Burdon-Sanderson Schäfer's Text-bk. Physiol. II. 353 If, before and during excitation, its opposite attachments are so fixed that they cannot be brought nearer together by the effort of the muscle to contract, the excitation of the muscle is said to occur under isometric conditions. If, on the other hand, one end of the muscle is left free, so that it can shorten on excitation, and in so doing lift a weight which is attached to it, the excitation is said to take place under isotonic conditions.

1920 Jrnl. Physiol. 54 85 During the development of tension in an isometric contraction both heat and potential energy are being produced by the muscle.

1951 H. Davson Textbk. Gen. Physiol. xvii. 481 A record of an isometric twitch is thus a record of changes in tension of the muscle, whilst that for an isotonic twitch is a record of changes in length.

1969 New Yorker 20 Dec. 43/2 He neither drinks nor smokes, and he devotes an hour a day to yoga and isometric exercises.

1971 A. C. Guyton Basic Human Physiol. vii. 77/1 In comparing the rapidity of contraction of different types of muscles, isometric recordings..are usually used instead of isotonic recordings, because the duration of an isotonic recording is almost as dependent on the inertia of the recording system as upon the contraction itself.

1973 Sci. Amer. Mar. 83 Whereas a machine only performs mechanical work when a force moves through a distance, muscles consume energy when they are in tension but not moving (doing what is sometimes called ‘isometric’ work).

1873 J. W. Gibbs in Trans. Connecticut Acad. Arts & Sci. II. 311 The points associated with states of equal volume will form lines, which..we may also call isometric.

1899 W. Watson Text-bk. Physics 274 [Those curves] in which the volume is constant [are called] isometric lines or isopleres.

1912 G. A. Goodenough Princ. Thermodynamics (ed. 2) ii. 22 Lines of constant volume [are called] isometric lines.

1957 V. M. Faires Thermodynamics (ed. 3) v. 69 For a reversible steady flow isometric process..we have the energy equation from equation (7 A).

1950 J. S. Huxley in Proc. Royal Soc. B. 137 467 In an isometric organ we find no change in the proportions of its parts with increase in its absolute size.

1952 C. C. Krieger tr. W. Sierpínski Introd. Gen. Topol. vi. 100 Two metric spaces consisting of the same elements but with different metrics may be isometric.

1959 L. F. Boron tr. M. A. Naimark Normed Rings i. 38 Two metric spaces X, X′ are said to be isometric if there exists an isometric mapping of X onto X′.

1966 J. H. Cadwell Topics in Recreational Math. xi. 117 A pattern is characterised by the set of isometric motions that bring it into self-coincidence, and this set forms a discrete group.

1968 E. T. Copson Metric Spaces iv. 53 If the points a, b of A* correspond to the points a and b of M, we have proved that ρ*(a, b) = ρ(a, b), so that A* is isometric to M.

1873 J. W. Gibbs in Trans. Connecticut Acad. Arts & Sci. II. 313 To prove that the ratio is independent of the shape of the circuit, let us suppose the area..divided up by an infinite number of isometrics..with equal differences of volume dv, and an infinite number of isopiestics..with equal differences of pressure dp.

1902 Encycl. Brit. XXXIII. 283/1 Heating or cooling at constant volume, represented by vertical lines such as Bb, called Isometrics, in which the pressure varies, but no external work is done.

1902 Encycl. Brit. XXXIII. 284/1 Let BE be an isometric through B.

1936 Industr. & Engin. Chem. Feb. 261/2 Not only are the isometrics of the pure substances themselves substantially straight, but the same is also true for mixtures.

1963 Obert & Gaggioli Thermodynamics (ed. 2) x. 215 For the real gas, the isometrics are displaced from the origin and are either straight or slightly curved.

1962 Scholastic Coach Nov. 31/1 This concludes a series of three comprehensive articles on isometrics.

1964 Life 17 Apr. 47/1 In 1921 Atlas began preaching the muscle~building system he called Dynamic Tension, which pits one muscle against another. Now variations of his system, in which muscles struggle against immobile objects, are the latest U.S. exercise fad. Scientists lump the systems under one fancy word, isometrics.

1970 New Scientist 20 Aug. 365/1 Isometrics, but recently hailed as the key to the good life, have also now been condemned for dangerously rocketing the blood pressure.

1925 S. E. Thomas Elem. Econ. xxix. 475 As an alternative [to the gold standard] the Cambridge School advocates an ‘Isometric Standard’, or a managed currency; i. e., a paper pound the value of which is stabilised in terms of its purchasing power in the home market.