abruptlyadv.

Brit.

/əˈbrʌp(t)li/, U.S.

/əˈbrəp(t)li/

Forms: see abrupt adj. and n. and -ly suffix².

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: abrupt adj., -ly suffix².

Etymology: < abrupt adj. + -ly suffix². Compare classical Latin abruptē suddenly. Compare also Middle French, French abruptement suddenly, with sudden movement (1531 in a late manuscript of an early 14th-cent. text; 1549 with reference to metrically irregular verses), precipitously, steeply (c1595 in an apparently isolated attestation in Montaigne, translating classical Latin in abruptum ( Virgil Aeneid 12. 687: fertur in abruptum magno mons improbus actu ‘the reckless rock goes plunging down into the abyss with great speed’); subsequently from late 19th cent.).

a. With sudden movement, interruption, or change; suddenly, without warning; (also) brusquely, curtly.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > expectation > suddenness > [adverb]

feringc1000

ferlyc1000

suddenlyc1290

feringlya1300

in a braida1400

sudden?1404

of (a) suddentyc1440

at a braid1549–62

on or upon a (or the) sudden1558

at a (orthe) sudden1562

in a sudden1562

abruptly1565

on or upon (a) suddenty?1567

of a sudden1570

upon a very great sudden1572

in or on a great, in sic a suddenty1587

plump1594

unaware1667

surprisedly1680

a-start1721

abruptedly1784

with a bump1872

just so1971

1565 N. Sanders Supper of Our Lord ii. f. 43 I make no new methode of myne owne, but follow the order of the Apologie, which sodenly and abruptly thus intreth in to ye question.

1590 R. Greene Neuer too Late i. 21 And so as I begunne passionately, I breake off abruptly. Farewell.

1619 E. M. Bolton in tr. Florus Rom. Hist. Pref. sig. B1^v The varietie of matter makes the mind abruptly flit from one thing to another.

1637 W. Alexander Doomes-day (new ed.) x. lvi. 225 in Recreations with Muses Huge exclamations burst abruptly out.

1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd ii. 10 Now missing him thir joy so lately found, So lately found, and so abruptly gone.

1747 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. I. 325 Dunstan..breaking abruptly into the room, found him playing at ramps with his wife and her mother.

1783 W. Cowper Let. 24 Nov. (1981) II. 185 Your mother wants room for a postscript, so my lecture must conclude abruptly.

1809 S. T. Coleridge Coll. Lett. (1959) III. 259 He left me suddenly in the lurch, and declined assisting me very abruptly.

1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby xxii. 206 ‘Will you let me take the bundle now?’ asked Nicholas, abruptly changing the theme.

1862 D. T. Ansted & R. G. Latham Channel Islands i. i. 3 Fifty miles more to the east..the French coast abruptly bends round to the north.

1917 E. Wharton Summer viii. 121 ‘I'm so sorry it's good-bye: I suppose you know I'm leaving,’ he began abruptly and awkwardly.

1949 ‘G. Orwell’ Nineteen Eighty-four i. viii. 83 A door banged, seeming to cut off the smell as abruptly as though it had been a sound.

1974 E. L. Doctorow Ragtime (1976) xx. 123 Abruptly Morgan stood and left the room.

2003 Outside Oct. 46/3 Camp Mapu Leufu, a rolling meadow that ends abruptly at the edge of a cliff.

b. Precipitously, steeply. Cf. abrupt adj. 5.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > slope > [adverb] > steeply

steep1548

abruptly1623

precipitously1659

steeply1772

precipitately1794

1623 J. Bingham tr. Xenophon Hist. 59 The Carduchan Mountaines being abruptly steepe, lay directly hanging ouer the same Riuer.

1765 T. Smollett Contin. Compl. Hist. Eng. III. 184 The three brigadiers formed..a plan for conveying the troops farther down in boats..in hope of ascending the heights of Abraham, which rise abruptly, with a steep ascent from the banks of the river.

1801 T. Jefferson Let. 12 Jan. in Writings (1984) 1083 On the east side it breaks down abruptly to the base, where a river passes through.

1834 T. Pringle Afr. Sketches ix. 293 A sort of plateau or table-land, rising abruptly from the plains..in immense buttresses of naked rock.

1852 H. W. Herbert Knights of Eng., France & Scotl. 409 He looked down..across a rich and level plain, into which sloped abruptly the steep ridge on which he stood.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 218/1 The islands..rise rather abruptly to elevations of a few hundred feet.

1949 A. E. Trueman Geol. & Scenery Eng. & Wales vii. 92 From Colley Hill..the Chalk scarp falls abruptly into a vale formed by Gault and Upper Greensand.

1999 Leading Lights 2 No. 12. 23/1 The island rises abruptly on all sides, forming a roughly flat tableland about 200 feet above the sea.

†2. In short, in brief; by way of abbreviation. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Apr. Argt. In honor of her Maiestie, whom abruptely he termeth Elysa.

1583 B. Melbancke Philotimus (new ed.) sig. Ee4 The triall of thy wisdome..embolden[s] me to speake when modestie bids peace, and to say that abruptly, which requires circuition.

?a1650 W. Bosworth Chast & Lost Lovers (1651) i. 39 Two radiant lamps..Which some abruptly did entitle eyes.

1729 J. Lewis & H. Thomas Hist. Great-Brit. iv. 17 Nor in divers other learned Men..is there any mention made of the Britains, but of the Celtes, tho' some abruptly do mention, that all the Kings of the Celtes..were also Kings of this Island.

1742 W. Shenstone Let. June (1939) 54 To speak abruptly; as it is, I disapprove it: were it altered, I should like it beyond any I ever saw.

†3. Intermittently, sporadically. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > continuity or uninterruptedness > discontinuity or interrupted condition > [adverb] > with sudden breaks

abruptly1607

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 757 The body [of the civet-cat]..hauing diuers and sundry blacke spots scattered abruptly through out.

4. Botany and Zoology. With a sudden termination in space. abruptly pinnate adj. having several pairs of leaflets but without an intermediate one at the end.

ΚΠ

1773 W. Hanbury Compl. Body Planting & Gardening I. 172/1 The leaves are abruptly pinnated.

1797 Encycl. Brit. III. 445/1 It [sc. a leaf] is..pinnated..abruptly, when terminated neither by a tendril nor by a leaflet.

1802 G. Shaw Gen. Zool. III. 588 The tail abruptly subacuminate.

1819 G. Samouelle Entomologist's Compend. 196 Head cordiform, abruptly strangulated at its junction with the thorax.

1845 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 15 82 The leaves are without stipules, lanceolate, abruptly pinnate.

1924 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 11 473 The leaves abruptly pinnate; the stipules lanceolate, persistent.

1971 C. R. Metcalfe Anat. Monocotyledons V. 132 C. paniculata (Inflorescence axis) Triangular, with corners abruptly tapered to fine points.

2001 G. W. Rouse & F. Pleijel Polychaetes 298/2 (Gloss.) Mucro, a sharp point or tip on an abruptly tapering structure.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	abruptly
释义	abruptlyadv. Brit. /əˈbrʌp(t)li/, U.S. /əˈbrəp(t)li/ Forms: see abrupt adj. and n. and -ly suffix². Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: abrupt adj., -ly suffix². Etymology: < abrupt adj. + -ly suffix². Compare classical Latin abruptē suddenly. Compare also Middle French, French abruptement suddenly, with sudden movement (1531 in a late manuscript of an early 14th-cent. text; 1549 with reference to metrically irregular verses), precipitously, steeply (c1595 in an apparently isolated attestation in Montaigne, translating classical Latin in abruptum ( Virgil Aeneid 12. 687: fertur in abruptum magno mons improbus actu ‘the reckless rock goes plunging down into the abyss with great speed’); subsequently from late 19th cent.). 1. a. With sudden movement, interruption, or change; suddenly, without warning; (also) brusquely, curtly. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > expectation > suddenness > [adverb] feringc1000 ferlyc1000 suddenlyc1290 feringlya1300 in a braida1400 sudden?1404 of (a) suddentyc1440 at a braid1549–62 on or upon a (or the) sudden1558 at a (orthe) sudden1562 in a sudden1562 abruptly1565 on or upon (a) suddenty?1567 of a sudden1570 upon a very great sudden1572 in or on a great, in sic a suddenty1587 plump1594 unaware1667 surprisedly1680 a-start1721 abruptedly1784 with a bump1872 just so1971 1565 N. Sanders Supper of Our Lord ii. f. 43 I make no new methode of myne owne, but follow the order of the Apologie, which sodenly and abruptly thus intreth in to ye question. 1590 R. Greene Neuer too Late i. 21 And so as I begunne passionately, I breake off abruptly. Farewell. 1619 E. M. Bolton in tr. Florus Rom. Hist. Pref. sig. B1^v The varietie of matter makes the mind abruptly flit from one thing to another. 1637 W. Alexander Doomes-day (new ed.) x. lvi. 225 in Recreations with Muses Huge exclamations burst abruptly out. 1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd ii. 10 Now missing him thir joy so lately found, So lately found, and so abruptly gone. View more context for this quotation 1747 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. I. 325 Dunstan..breaking abruptly into the room, found him playing at ramps with his wife and her mother. 1783 W. Cowper Let. 24 Nov. (1981) II. 185 Your mother wants room for a postscript, so my lecture must conclude abruptly. 1809 S. T. Coleridge Coll. Lett. (1959) III. 259 He left me suddenly in the lurch, and declined assisting me very abruptly. 1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby xxii. 206 ‘Will you let me take the bundle now?’ asked Nicholas, abruptly changing the theme. 1862 D. T. Ansted & R. G. Latham Channel Islands i. i. 3 Fifty miles more to the east..the French coast abruptly bends round to the north. 1917 E. Wharton Summer viii. 121 ‘I'm so sorry it's good-bye: I suppose you know I'm leaving,’ he began abruptly and awkwardly. 1949 ‘G. Orwell’ Nineteen Eighty-four i. viii. 83 A door banged, seeming to cut off the smell as abruptly as though it had been a sound. 1974 E. L. Doctorow Ragtime (1976) xx. 123 Abruptly Morgan stood and left the room. 2003 Outside Oct. 46/3 Camp Mapu Leufu, a rolling meadow that ends abruptly at the edge of a cliff. b. Precipitously, steeply. Cf. abrupt adj. 5. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > slope > [adverb] > steeply steep1548 abruptly1623 precipitously1659 steeply1772 precipitately1794 1623 J. Bingham tr. Xenophon Hist. 59 The Carduchan Mountaines being abruptly steepe, lay directly hanging ouer the same Riuer. 1765 T. Smollett Contin. Compl. Hist. Eng. III. 184 The three brigadiers formed..a plan for conveying the troops farther down in boats..in hope of ascending the heights of Abraham, which rise abruptly, with a steep ascent from the banks of the river. 1801 T. Jefferson Let. 12 Jan. in Writings (1984) 1083 On the east side it breaks down abruptly to the base, where a river passes through. 1834 T. Pringle Afr. Sketches ix. 293 A sort of plateau or table-land, rising abruptly from the plains..in immense buttresses of naked rock. 1852 H. W. Herbert Knights of Eng., France & Scotl. 409 He looked down..across a rich and level plain, into which sloped abruptly the steep ridge on which he stood. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 218/1 The islands..rise rather abruptly to elevations of a few hundred feet. 1949 A. E. Trueman Geol. & Scenery Eng. & Wales vii. 92 From Colley Hill..the Chalk scarp falls abruptly into a vale formed by Gault and Upper Greensand. 1999 Leading Lights 2 No. 12. 23/1 The island rises abruptly on all sides, forming a roughly flat tableland about 200 feet above the sea. †2. In short, in brief; by way of abbreviation. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Apr. Argt. In honor of her Maiestie, whom abruptely he termeth Elysa. 1583 B. Melbancke Philotimus (new ed.) sig. Ee4 The triall of thy wisdome..embolden[s] me to speake when modestie bids peace, and to say that abruptly, which requires circuition. ?a1650 W. Bosworth Chast & Lost Lovers (1651) i. 39 Two radiant lamps..Which some abruptly did entitle eyes. 1729 J. Lewis & H. Thomas Hist. Great-Brit. iv. 17 Nor in divers other learned Men..is there any mention made of the Britains, but of the Celtes, tho' some abruptly do mention, that all the Kings of the Celtes..were also Kings of this Island. 1742 W. Shenstone Let. June (1939) 54 To speak abruptly; as it is, I disapprove it: were it altered, I should like it beyond any I ever saw. †3. Intermittently, sporadically. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > continuity or uninterruptedness > discontinuity or interrupted condition > [adverb] > with sudden breaks abruptly1607 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 757 The body [of the civet-cat]..hauing diuers and sundry blacke spots scattered abruptly through out. 4. Botany and Zoology. With a sudden termination in space. abruptly pinnate adj. having several pairs of leaflets but without an intermediate one at the end. ΚΠ 1773 W. Hanbury Compl. Body Planting & Gardening I. 172/1 The leaves are abruptly pinnated. 1797 Encycl. Brit. III. 445/1 It [sc. a leaf] is..pinnated..abruptly, when terminated neither by a tendril nor by a leaflet. 1802 G. Shaw Gen. Zool. III. 588 The tail abruptly subacuminate. 1819 G. Samouelle Entomologist's Compend. 196 Head cordiform, abruptly strangulated at its junction with the thorax. 1845 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 15 82 The leaves are without stipules, lanceolate, abruptly pinnate. 1924 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 11 473 The leaves abruptly pinnate; the stipules lanceolate, persistent. 1971 C. R. Metcalfe Anat. Monocotyledons V. 132 C. paniculata (Inflorescence axis) Triangular, with corners abruptly tapered to fine points. 2001 G. W. Rouse & F. Pleijel Polychaetes 298/2 (Gloss.) Mucro, a sharp point or tip on an abruptly tapering structure. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adv.1565
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