jambn.

Brit.

/dʒam/, U.S.

/dʒæm/

Forms: Middle English–1600s iambe, 1600s– jamb, jambe; also Middle English iamne, iawmbe, Middle English–1500s iawme, 1500s ialme, iamme, 1500s–1600s iaumbe, iame, 1600s jaume, jayme, jeame, geaum, 1600s–1800s jam, jaum, 1700s–1800s jaumb, jawm.

Etymology: < French jambe = Old Northern French gambe, Provençal camba, Catalan gamba, Italian gamba leg < late Latin gamba ‘hoof’, in later popular Latin ‘leg’; referred by Diez to an earlier camba (as in Old Spanish, Provençal, and Sardinian), < Celtic camb- crooked, bent. In senses 1a, 1b, still spelt jambe. The dialect pronunciation from Cumbria and Yorkshire to Shropshire is /dʒɔːm/, /dʒɒm/.

a. Heraldry. A leg; = gamb n.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > heraldic representations of creatures > [noun] > parts of creatures > leg

gamb1660

jamb1725

1725 J. Coats New Dict. Heraldry (rev. ed.) Jamb, is the French Word signifying a Leg, or Shank, and some English Heralds have made Use of it in that Sense.

1866 J. E. Cussans Gram. Heraldry 28 A leg, called in heraldry a jambe.

b. Armour. A leg-piece made of metal or cuir-bouilli; cf. jambeau n.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > armour for limbs > [noun] > leg armour > greave

hosesc1275

jamberc1330

jambeauc1380

boot1388

shinbawde?a1400

greavec1400

leg piece1653

jamb1834

c1386 G. Chaucer Sir Thopas 164 Hise Iambeux [so 3 texts; Cambr. Iambieux, Petworth Iaumbeuxe, Corp. & Lansd. Iambes] were of qwyrboilly, His swerdes shethe of Yuory.]

1834 J. R. Planché Hist. Brit. Costume 138 The greaves or jambs for the legs.

1860 F. W. Fairholt Costume in Eng. (ed. 2) 111 In the armoury of Lord Londesborough is a jambe and solloret of this era.

2. Architecture. Each of the side posts of a doorway, window, or chimney-piece, upon which rests the lintel; a cheek; esp., in popular use, (plural) the stone sides or cheeks of a fireplace.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > [noun] > framing > part of framing

jamb1428

scuncheon1435

cheek1485

scunch1611

ancon1706

shutting stile1909

backband1940

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > wallcovering > [noun] > ornamental chimney-piece > specific part

jamb1611

1428 in J. B. Heath Some Acct. Worshipful Company of Grocers (1869) 6 Unwroughte Stapylton stoone..for wyndowes, wyndow jambes and sills.

c1467–9 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1901) III. 642 Factura unius Iambe in fenistra australi.

?1553 (c1501) G. Douglas Palice of Honour (London) iii. l. 1437 in Shorter Poems (1967) 92 Suttyl muldry wrocht mony day agone On Buttres, Ialmys [1579 Edinb. Ialme], pilleris, and plesand spryngis.

1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid Metamorphosis (new ed.) xii. f. 152 Yit caught he vp on his shoulders twayne A stone the Iawme of eyther doore.

1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft v. i. 91 He [sc. a mouse] was killed comming out of the hole of a iamme in a windowe.

1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. Z In one of the higher chambers there is the fairest chimney for clauy and ieames that euer I saw.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Ante,..the cheeke, or iaumbe of a doore.

1663 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders 7 Three Inches broader then the breadth of his James and Cornish.

1720 in T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth VI. 142 To the Jawm of a Chimney spend I my Breath.

1725 W. Halfpenny Art of Sound Building 13 Door, or Window, whose Jaums..splays more or less.

1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §286 I set about leading the door hooks into the jambs.

1833 J. Lardner Manuf. Metal II. 170 The front of the stove, generally cast in a single plate, and fitting within the jambs, or chimney bottom.

1870 F. R. Wilson Archit. Surv. Churches Lindisfarne 61 Two narrow lights..corbelled out towards the top of the jaumbs.

1889 D. C. Murray & H. Murray Dangerous Catspaw 108 She was clinging to the jamb of the door.

figurative.1848 A. H. Clough Bothie of Toper-na-Fuosich v. 25 Perfect as picture..Through the great granite jambs, the stream, the glen, and the mountain.

3. Each of the two side-pieces or cheeks of anything. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > quality of having sides or being a side > [noun] > something at the side > one of two side-pieces

jambc1540

side plate1643

half-cheekc1860

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 939 Jason..gyrd of his hede, Vnioynis the Iamnys þat iuste were to-gedur: Gyrd out the grete tethe.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 11114 Pirrus..flang at hir with a fyne swerd, Share of þe sheld at a shyre corner; Vnioynet the Iawmbe of þe iust arme, Þat hit light on þe laund.

1864 G. Rawlinson Five Great Monarchies II. vii. 62 The jambs of the spear-head were exceedingly short.

†4. A projecting ‘wing’ of a building. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > [noun] > projecting subdivision

outshot1378

wing1523

limb1577

jambc1600

excursiona1626

return1625

flanker1631

pavilionc1676

c1600 Hist. Kennedys in J. Paterson Hist. Ayrsh. (1863) p. cxi [They had effected a breach] in the wall of the jayme.

a1662 T. Craufurd Hist. Univ. Edinb. (1808) 41 Thereafter the lower schoole in the south jambe was appointed for the Humanity.

1793 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. VIII. 311 It [the Church] has a large jam, very commodious for dispensing the Sacrament.

5. A projecting columnar part of a wall; a columnar mass or pillar in a quarry or mine.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > specific parts built or constructed > [noun] > wall > parts of

wall-sidec1540

jamb1687

coffer1715

set-off1717

ramp1795

wall-casing1858

setback1864

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > pillar > [noun] > square > specific

pilaster1573

antes1592

pilastrel1592

anta1664

jamb1687

piedroit1696

parastas1706

alette1810

1687 Honour of Taylors xv. 33 We..bolted the Door on the inside, and so hid ourselves in a Nook, or behind the Geaum of the Wall, to expect the event.

a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Jamb, a mass of masonry in a building, or of stone or other material in a quarry or pit, standing upright, and more or less distinct from neighbouring or adjoining parts.

1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Jamb, a pillar of ore in a mine.

†6. An angular turn or corner in a street or way. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > road > parts of road > [noun] > bend

jamb1567

right1735

bend1803

lacet1847

hairpin bend1906

Z-bend1958

right-hander1963

virage1963

left-hander1964

1567 G. Fenton tr. M. Bandello Certaine Tragicall Disc. vii. sig. Xv They..came deuisynge merely together till they were at the Iaumbe or torne of a streete.

1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin iv. 232 Gurlyn remembring that from a part or Iawme of Stampace bending towardes the towne, there was a way that led to the gate of the sea.

7. Mining. A bed of clay or stone running across a mineral vein or seam.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > mineral deposits > features of stratum or vein > [noun] > obstruction or fault

rider1653

fore-stone1668

jamb1721

septuma1728

horse1778

fault1796

heave1802

girdle1819

burnt stuff1852

swine back1883

white horse1886

1721 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. Jam, Jamb, a thick Bed of Stone which hinders the Miners in their pursuing the Veins of Oar.

1747 W. Hooson Miners Dict. sig. Kiijb These Jaums are sometimes found in the Top of the Lime.

1787 W. Marshall Provincialisms in Rural Econ. Norfolk II. 382 Jam, a vein or bed of marl or clay.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations, as jamb-lining, jamb-post, jamb-shaft, jamb-splay, jamb-stone, etc.

ΚΠ

1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder Gloss. 587 Jamb-post, a post fixed on the side of a door, etc., and to which the jamb-lining is attached.

1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 538 In every pier, between windows and other apertures, every alternate jamb-stone ought to go through the wall with its bed perfectly level.

a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) I. 281 This, if the arch were made slightly segmental, would die into the jamb-splay.

1898 J. T. Fowler Durham Cathedral 49 Windows..deeply recessed within, and flanked by jamb-shafts of the local Frosterley marble.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	jamb
释义	jambn. Brit. /dʒam/, U.S. /dʒæm/ Forms: Middle English–1600s iambe, 1600s– jamb, jambe; also Middle English iamne, iawmbe, Middle English–1500s iawme, 1500s ialme, iamme, 1500s–1600s iaumbe, iame, 1600s jaume, jayme, jeame, geaum, 1600s–1800s jam, jaum, 1700s–1800s jaumb, jawm. Etymology: < French jambe = Old Northern French gambe, Provençal camba, Catalan gamba, Italian gamba leg < late Latin gamba ‘hoof’, in later popular Latin ‘leg’; referred by Diez to an earlier camba (as in Old Spanish, Provençal, and Sardinian), < Celtic camb- crooked, bent. In senses 1a, 1b, still spelt jambe. The dialect pronunciation from Cumbria and Yorkshire to Shropshire is /dʒɔːm/, /dʒɒm/. 1. a. Heraldry. A leg; = gamb n. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > heraldic representations of creatures > [noun] > parts of creatures > leg gamb1660 jamb1725 1725 J. Coats New Dict. Heraldry (rev. ed.) Jamb, is the French Word signifying a Leg, or Shank, and some English Heralds have made Use of it in that Sense. 1866 J. E. Cussans Gram. Heraldry 28 A leg, called in heraldry a jambe. b. Armour. A leg-piece made of metal or cuir-bouilli; cf. jambeau n. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > armour for limbs > [noun] > leg armour > greave hosesc1275 jamberc1330 jambeauc1380 boot1388 shinbawde?a1400 greavec1400 leg piece1653 jamb1834 c1386 G. Chaucer Sir Thopas 164 Hise Iambeux [so 3 texts; Cambr. Iambieux, Petworth Iaumbeuxe, Corp. & Lansd. Iambes] were of qwyrboilly, His swerdes shethe of Yuory.] 1834 J. R. Planché Hist. Brit. Costume 138 The greaves or jambs for the legs. 1860 F. W. Fairholt Costume in Eng. (ed. 2) 111 In the armoury of Lord Londesborough is a jambe and solloret of this era. 2. Architecture. Each of the side posts of a doorway, window, or chimney-piece, upon which rests the lintel; a cheek; esp., in popular use, (plural) the stone sides or cheeks of a fireplace. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > [noun] > framing > part of framing jamb1428 scuncheon1435 cheek1485 scunch1611 ancon1706 shutting stile1909 backband1940 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > wallcovering > [noun] > ornamental chimney-piece > specific part jamb1611 1428 in J. B. Heath Some Acct. Worshipful Company of Grocers (1869) 6 Unwroughte Stapylton stoone..for wyndowes, wyndow jambes and sills. c1467–9 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1901) III. 642 Factura unius Iambe in fenistra australi. ?1553 (c1501) G. Douglas Palice of Honour (London) iii. l. 1437 in Shorter Poems (1967) 92 Suttyl muldry wrocht mony day agone On Buttres, Ialmys [1579 Edinb. Ialme], pilleris, and plesand spryngis. 1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid Metamorphosis (new ed.) xii. f. 152 Yit caught he vp on his shoulders twayne A stone the Iawme of eyther doore. 1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft v. i. 91 He [sc. a mouse] was killed comming out of the hole of a iamme in a windowe. 1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. Z In one of the higher chambers there is the fairest chimney for clauy and ieames that euer I saw. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Ante,..the cheeke, or iaumbe of a doore. 1663 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders 7 Three Inches broader then the breadth of his James and Cornish. 1720 in T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth VI. 142 To the Jawm of a Chimney spend I my Breath. 1725 W. Halfpenny Art of Sound Building 13 Door, or Window, whose Jaums..splays more or less. 1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §286 I set about leading the door hooks into the jambs. 1833 J. Lardner Manuf. Metal II. 170 The front of the stove, generally cast in a single plate, and fitting within the jambs, or chimney bottom. 1870 F. R. Wilson Archit. Surv. Churches Lindisfarne 61 Two narrow lights..corbelled out towards the top of the jaumbs. 1889 D. C. Murray & H. Murray Dangerous Catspaw 108 She was clinging to the jamb of the door. figurative.1848 A. H. Clough Bothie of Toper-na-Fuosich v. 25 Perfect as picture..Through the great granite jambs, the stream, the glen, and the mountain. 3. Each of the two side-pieces or cheeks of anything. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > quality of having sides or being a side > [noun] > something at the side > one of two side-pieces jambc1540 side plate1643 half-cheekc1860 c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 939 Jason..gyrd of his hede, Vnioynis the Iamnys þat iuste were to-gedur: Gyrd out the grete tethe. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 11114 Pirrus..flang at hir with a fyne swerd, Share of þe sheld at a shyre corner; Vnioynet the Iawmbe of þe iust arme, Þat hit light on þe laund. 1864 G. Rawlinson Five Great Monarchies II. vii. 62 The jambs of the spear-head were exceedingly short. †4. A projecting ‘wing’ of a building. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > [noun] > projecting subdivision outshot1378 wing1523 limb1577 jambc1600 excursiona1626 return1625 flanker1631 pavilionc1676 c1600 Hist. Kennedys in J. Paterson Hist. Ayrsh. (1863) p. cxi [They had effected a breach] in the wall of the jayme. a1662 T. Craufurd Hist. Univ. Edinb. (1808) 41 Thereafter the lower schoole in the south jambe was appointed for the Humanity. 1793 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. VIII. 311 It [the Church] has a large jam, very commodious for dispensing the Sacrament. 5. A projecting columnar part of a wall; a columnar mass or pillar in a quarry or mine. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > specific parts built or constructed > [noun] > wall > parts of wall-sidec1540 jamb1687 coffer1715 set-off1717 ramp1795 wall-casing1858 setback1864 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > pillar > [noun] > square > specific pilaster1573 antes1592 pilastrel1592 anta1664 jamb1687 piedroit1696 parastas1706 alette1810 1687 Honour of Taylors xv. 33 We..bolted the Door on the inside, and so hid ourselves in a Nook, or behind the Geaum of the Wall, to expect the event. a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Jamb, a mass of masonry in a building, or of stone or other material in a quarry or pit, standing upright, and more or less distinct from neighbouring or adjoining parts. 1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Jamb, a pillar of ore in a mine. †6. An angular turn or corner in a street or way. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > road > parts of road > [noun] > bend jamb1567 right1735 bend1803 lacet1847 hairpin bend1906 Z-bend1958 right-hander1963 virage1963 left-hander1964 1567 G. Fenton tr. M. Bandello Certaine Tragicall Disc. vii. sig. Xv They..came deuisynge merely together till they were at the Iaumbe or torne of a streete. 1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin iv. 232 Gurlyn remembring that from a part or Iawme of Stampace bending towardes the towne, there was a way that led to the gate of the sea. 7. Mining. A bed of clay or stone running across a mineral vein or seam. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > mineral deposits > features of stratum or vein > [noun] > obstruction or fault rider1653 fore-stone1668 jamb1721 septuma1728 horse1778 fault1796 heave1802 girdle1819 burnt stuff1852 swine back1883 white horse1886 1721 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. Jam, Jamb, a thick Bed of Stone which hinders the Miners in their pursuing the Veins of Oar. 1747 W. Hooson Miners Dict. sig. Kiijb These Jaums are sometimes found in the Top of the Lime. 1787 W. Marshall Provincialisms in Rural Econ. Norfolk II. 382 Jam, a vein or bed of marl or clay. Compounds attributive and in other combinations, as jamb-lining, jamb-post, jamb-shaft, jamb-splay, jamb-stone, etc. ΚΠ 1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder Gloss. 587 Jamb-post, a post fixed on the side of a door, etc., and to which the jamb-lining is attached. 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 538 In every pier, between windows and other apertures, every alternate jamb-stone ought to go through the wall with its bed perfectly level. a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) I. 281 This, if the arch were made slightly segmental, would die into the jamb-splay. 1898 J. T. Fowler Durham Cathedral 49 Windows..deeply recessed within, and flanked by jamb-shafts of the local Frosterley marble. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1428
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