jewfishn.

Brit.

/ˈdʒuːfɪʃ/, U.S.

/ˈdʒuˌfɪʃ/

Inflections: Plural unchanged, Jewfishes.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: Jew n., fish n.¹

Etymology: < Jew n. + fish n.¹The semantic motivation given by Dampier, that these fish could be eaten in accordance with Jewish dietary laws (compare quot. 1697 at sense 1), appears to be correct for groupers; Dampier also reports that groupers were eaten by Jewish people living in Jamaica. Several other fish species to which the name was later extended, e.g. in Australia, do not have both fins and scales and are therefore not kosher. The semantic motivation for the names of some of these fishes is unclear. R. C. Gould & J. W. Atz, ‘ The Trouble with ‘Jewfish’ or What's in a Name?’, in Tropical Fish Hobbyist (1996) 172–82, suggest that the fish species in question were apparently so named with anti-Semitic stereotypes in mind, on account of their appearance and habits. However, conclusive evidence for this suggestion appears to be lacking.

1. Any of several large groupers of (or formerly placed in) the genus Epinephelus (family Serranidae); esp. the goliath grouper, E. itajara, which is native to shallow waters of the Atlantic and Caribbean and was (previously) a popular food and sporting fish.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > family Serranidae (sea-bass) > [noun] > member of

anthias1601

sea-perch1601

jewfish1679

hind1735

mero1763

rock cod1790

rock codfish1796

Norway or Norwegian haddock1847

serranid1879

the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > family Serranidae (sea-bass) > [noun] > member of genus Epinephelus (grouper)

rockfish1605

grouper1615

jewfish1679

mero1763

red grouper1822

kingklip1834

coney1884

redbelly1890

the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > family Serranidae (sea-bass) > [noun] > member of genus Promicrops

jewfish1679

mero1763

guasa1884

1679 T. Trapham Disc. Health Jamaica 65 The Jew fish crowds to be one of the first three of our most worthy Fish,..affording a most firm well relished flesh throughout his whole bulk, but a most eminently delicious head.

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World ix. 249 The Jew-fish is a very good Fish, and I judge so called by the English because it hath Scales and Fins, therefore a clean Fish according to the Levitical Law, and the Jews at Jamaica buy them, and eat them very freely.

1775 B. Romans Conc. Nat. Hist. E. & W. Florida App. 20 Half a mile further is the mouth of Rio Nuevo, which is about ¼ of a mile wide and generally open but shallow, here Jew-fish are very abundant both within and without the river.

1890 Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 13 Apr. 2/3 The largest jewfish ever caught on the Gulf coast..weighed 348 pounds, was 6 feet in length and 8 feet in circumference just back of the gills.

1972 Nature 7 Apr. 266/2 The groupers (some species are known as jewfishes and hinds) are well represented in American warmer seas.

1997 G. S. Helfman et al. Diversity of Fishes xv. 252/2 Serranids vary in size from 3-cm-long planktivorous anthiines to the 3-m-long, 400-kg jewfish, Epinephelus itajara , which eats lobsters and small turtles as well as fishes.

2006 New Yorker 30 Oct. 59/2 You're not supposed to call 'em jewfish no more, neither. Their new name is the Goliath grouper.

2. Australian.

a. Any of several catfishes native to eastern Australia; spec. the Murray catfish, Tandanus tandanus (family Plotosidae).

ΚΠ

1803 J. Grant Narr. Voy. New S. Wales 159 We caught..a species of jew fish.

1847 F. W. L. Leichhardt Jrnl. Overland Exped. Austral. ii. 40 The water holes abounded with jew-fish and eels.

1951 T. C. Roughley Fish & Fisheries Aust. 151 The freshwater catfish..is appreciated as food by most country people, who frequently know it as ‘jewfish’.

2014 B. Rigsby & A. C. Thomson in N. Peterson & B. Rigsby Customary Marine Tenure Austral. (reprint ed.) xii. 341 Barramundi and salmon are preferred saltwater species, while fat jewfish from fresh water make a rich broth.

b. Any of several marine fishes found chiefly in Australian coastal waters; esp. the mulloway, Argyrosomus japonicus (family Sciaenidae).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > family Sciaenidae (drums) > [noun] > member of genus Argyrosomus (maigre) > Argyrosomus Hololepidotus (mulloway)

jewfish1834

mulloway1846

1834 E. G. Wakefield New Brit. Province S. Austral. i. 27 He also found other fish in great numbers and variety—amongst them were..soles, mackerel, herrings,..snappers, jew-fish, salmon,..turtle, &c.

1883 E. P. Ramsay Food Fishes New S. Wales 16 The most important of this family is the Jew-fish (Sciæna antarctica), which attains to a large size, exceeding 5 feet in length.

1906 D. G. Stead Fishes Austral. vi. 114 I have taken quite a number of other species of fishes from Jewfish stomachs as well as Crustaceans.

1987 G. R. Allen & R. C. Steene Reef Fishes Indian Ocean ix. 27/2 The West Australian Jewfish (G. hebraicum) has a delicate flavor and rates as one of the top food fishes in the vicinity of Perth, Australia.

2018 Canberra Times (Nexis) 14 Apr. 51 Jewfish are also in greater numbers hanging around deep gutters and breakwalls along most south coast beaches.

†3. Either of two wreckfishes constituting the genus Polyprion (family Polyprionidae), the Atlantic wreckfish, P. americanus, and the hapuku, P. oxygeneios. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1811 W. Gourlay Observ. Madeira i. iv. 25 Of the large kind, the most esteemed are the tao fish [Errata: Jew fish], caught in deep water by the line, which is sometimes of a great size.

1833 G. L. Hodges Narrative Exped. Portugal I. 229 The coast is plentifully stocked with fish, of which that called the Jew fish is the most highly prized.

1843 R. T. Lowe Hist. Fishes Madeira 183 Polyprion Cernier... The Sherny, Shern, or Wreck-fish... It is often called Jew-fish by the English in Madeira, under the notion that it is the West Indian fish so called, which is, however, of the ‘Pargo’ tribe.

1907 D. S. Jordan Fishes xxxiv. 537 The European jewfish, more often called wreckfish, or stone-bass, is Polyprion americanus, and the equally large Polyprion oxygeneios is found in Australia.

4. The giant sea bass, Stereolepis gigas (family Polyprionidae), which is native to the North Pacific and was (previously) a popular sporting fish.

ΚΠ

1863 Proc. Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. 1858–62 2 54 Stereolepis gigas... They are known by the fishermen as ‘Jew fish’.

1894 Land of Sunshine Sept. 111/1 We had struck a school of Jew fish, and had we been well equipped with bait and tackel, could have taken in many hundred pounds of black sea bass.

1920 Calif. Fish & Game Jan. 6 The most striking change in the development of the jewfish is that of color and markings... As the fish grows older the body color darkens and the spots become indistinct.

1999 L. Cacutt Big-game Fishing Handbk. 40/1 The giant sea bass (Stereolepis gigas), also called the California black sea bass or California jewfish, occurs in tropical and subtropical waters off the coasts of California and Mexico.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	jewfish
释义	jewfishn. Brit. /ˈdʒuːfɪʃ/, U.S. /ˈdʒuˌfɪʃ/ Inflections: Plural unchanged, Jewfishes. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: Jew n., fish n.¹ Etymology: < Jew n. + fish n.¹The semantic motivation given by Dampier, that these fish could be eaten in accordance with Jewish dietary laws (compare quot. 1697 at sense 1), appears to be correct for groupers; Dampier also reports that groupers were eaten by Jewish people living in Jamaica. Several other fish species to which the name was later extended, e.g. in Australia, do not have both fins and scales and are therefore not kosher. The semantic motivation for the names of some of these fishes is unclear. R. C. Gould & J. W. Atz, ‘ The Trouble with ‘Jewfish’ or What's in a Name?’, in Tropical Fish Hobbyist (1996) 172–82, suggest that the fish species in question were apparently so named with anti-Semitic stereotypes in mind, on account of their appearance and habits. However, conclusive evidence for this suggestion appears to be lacking. 1. Any of several large groupers of (or formerly placed in) the genus Epinephelus (family Serranidae); esp. the goliath grouper, E. itajara, which is native to shallow waters of the Atlantic and Caribbean and was (previously) a popular food and sporting fish. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > family Serranidae (sea-bass) > [noun] > member of anthias1601 sea-perch1601 jewfish1679 hind1735 mero1763 rock cod1790 rock codfish1796 Norway or Norwegian haddock1847 serranid1879 the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > family Serranidae (sea-bass) > [noun] > member of genus Epinephelus (grouper) rockfish1605 grouper1615 jewfish1679 mero1763 red grouper1822 kingklip1834 coney1884 redbelly1890 the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > family Serranidae (sea-bass) > [noun] > member of genus Promicrops jewfish1679 mero1763 guasa1884 1679 T. Trapham Disc. Health Jamaica 65 The Jew fish crowds to be one of the first three of our most worthy Fish,..affording a most firm well relished flesh throughout his whole bulk, but a most eminently delicious head. 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World ix. 249 The Jew-fish is a very good Fish, and I judge so called by the English because it hath Scales and Fins, therefore a clean Fish according to the Levitical Law, and the Jews at Jamaica buy them, and eat them very freely. 1775 B. Romans Conc. Nat. Hist. E. & W. Florida App. 20 Half a mile further is the mouth of Rio Nuevo, which is about ¼ of a mile wide and generally open but shallow, here Jew-fish are very abundant both within and without the river. 1890 Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 13 Apr. 2/3 The largest jewfish ever caught on the Gulf coast..weighed 348 pounds, was 6 feet in length and 8 feet in circumference just back of the gills. 1972 Nature 7 Apr. 266/2 The groupers (some species are known as jewfishes and hinds) are well represented in American warmer seas. 1997 G. S. Helfman et al. Diversity of Fishes xv. 252/2 Serranids vary in size from 3-cm-long planktivorous anthiines to the 3-m-long, 400-kg jewfish, Epinephelus itajara , which eats lobsters and small turtles as well as fishes. 2006 New Yorker 30 Oct. 59/2 You're not supposed to call 'em jewfish no more, neither. Their new name is the Goliath grouper. 2. Australian. a. Any of several catfishes native to eastern Australia; spec. the Murray catfish, Tandanus tandanus (family Plotosidae). ΚΠ 1803 J. Grant Narr. Voy. New S. Wales 159 We caught..a species of jew fish. 1847 F. W. L. Leichhardt Jrnl. Overland Exped. Austral. ii. 40 The water holes abounded with jew-fish and eels. 1951 T. C. Roughley Fish & Fisheries Aust. 151 The freshwater catfish..is appreciated as food by most country people, who frequently know it as ‘jewfish’. 2014 B. Rigsby & A. C. Thomson in N. Peterson & B. Rigsby Customary Marine Tenure Austral. (reprint ed.) xii. 341 Barramundi and salmon are preferred saltwater species, while fat jewfish from fresh water make a rich broth. b. Any of several marine fishes found chiefly in Australian coastal waters; esp. the mulloway, Argyrosomus japonicus (family Sciaenidae). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > family Sciaenidae (drums) > [noun] > member of genus Argyrosomus (maigre) > Argyrosomus Hololepidotus (mulloway) jewfish1834 mulloway1846 1834 E. G. Wakefield New Brit. Province S. Austral. i. 27 He also found other fish in great numbers and variety—amongst them were..soles, mackerel, herrings,..snappers, jew-fish, salmon,..turtle, &c. 1883 E. P. Ramsay Food Fishes New S. Wales 16 The most important of this family is the Jew-fish (Sciæna antarctica), which attains to a large size, exceeding 5 feet in length. 1906 D. G. Stead Fishes Austral. vi. 114 I have taken quite a number of other species of fishes from Jewfish stomachs as well as Crustaceans. 1987 G. R. Allen & R. C. Steene Reef Fishes Indian Ocean ix. 27/2 The West Australian Jewfish (G. hebraicum) has a delicate flavor and rates as one of the top food fishes in the vicinity of Perth, Australia. 2018 Canberra Times (Nexis) 14 Apr. 51 Jewfish are also in greater numbers hanging around deep gutters and breakwalls along most south coast beaches. †3. Either of two wreckfishes constituting the genus Polyprion (family Polyprionidae), the Atlantic wreckfish, P. americanus, and the hapuku, P. oxygeneios. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1811 W. Gourlay Observ. Madeira i. iv. 25 Of the large kind, the most esteemed are the tao fish [Errata: Jew fish], caught in deep water by the line, which is sometimes of a great size. 1833 G. L. Hodges Narrative Exped. Portugal I. 229 The coast is plentifully stocked with fish, of which that called the Jew fish is the most highly prized. 1843 R. T. Lowe Hist. Fishes Madeira 183 Polyprion Cernier... The Sherny, Shern, or Wreck-fish... It is often called Jew-fish by the English in Madeira, under the notion that it is the West Indian fish so called, which is, however, of the ‘Pargo’ tribe. 1907 D. S. Jordan Fishes xxxiv. 537 The European jewfish, more often called wreckfish, or stone-bass, is Polyprion americanus, and the equally large Polyprion oxygeneios is found in Australia. 4. The giant sea bass, Stereolepis gigas (family Polyprionidae), which is native to the North Pacific and was (previously) a popular sporting fish. ΚΠ 1863 Proc. Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. 1858–62 2 54 Stereolepis gigas... They are known by the fishermen as ‘Jew fish’. 1894 Land of Sunshine Sept. 111/1 We had struck a school of Jew fish, and had we been well equipped with bait and tackel, could have taken in many hundred pounds of black sea bass. 1920 Calif. Fish & Game Jan. 6 The most striking change in the development of the jewfish is that of color and markings... As the fish grows older the body color darkens and the spots become indistinct. 1999 L. Cacutt Big-game Fishing Handbk. 40/1 The giant sea bass (Stereolepis gigas), also called the California black sea bass or California jewfish, occurs in tropical and subtropical waters off the coasts of California and Mexico. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1679
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