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单词 jolly
释义

jollyn.1

Brit. /ˈdʒɒli/, U.S. /ˈdʒɑli/
Etymology: jolly adj. used as noun.
slang.
1. A royal marine. tame jolly, a militiaman.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by branch of army > [noun] > marine
marinera1450
marine1672
marine soldier1690
maltout1785
jolly1829
horse-marine1878
pongo1890
leatherneck1914
devil dog1918
jarhead1944
society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by type of service > [noun] > militiaman
trainer1581
train soldier1630
trainman1633
militiaman1668
tame jolly1867
1829 F. Marryat Naval Officer II. i. 11 The jollies fired tolerably well.
1841 F. Marryat Joseph Rushbrook II. v. 87 ‘Jollies! what are they?’ ‘Why, marines, to be sure’.
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. (at cited word) Tame jolly, a militiaman: royal jolly, a marine.
1896 R. Kipling Seven Seas 171 I'm a Jolly—'Er Majesty's Jolly—soldier and sailor too!
2. A cheer.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pleasure > joy, gladness, or delight > rejoicing or exultation > [noun] > jubilation or loud rejoicing > cheering or shouting hurrah > a cheer or shout
jolly1871
locomotive1906
1871 Daily Tel. 7 Mar. (Farmer) On a suggestion to give him a jolly, which appears to be the local phrase, they cheered the hero loud and long.
1894 Daily News 27 July 8/1 The Chairman..called upon those who benefited by it to give those gentlemen a ‘jolly’, a request which was carried out with amazing vigour.
3. A word of praise or favourable notice, esp. one uttered for some ulterior purpose, as to further the sale of goods; also, A sham purchaser (see quot. 1867).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > [noun] > for an ulterior purpose
puffery1731
puff1732
jolly1856
log-rolling1888
build-up1927
society > trade and finance > buying > buyer > [noun] > bidder > one who runs up bidding
goad1608
setter1699
white bonnet1760
puffer1765
sweetener1823
jolly1856
runner-up1860
floor man1928
1856 H. Mayhew Great World London 46 (Farmer) The dependents of cheats; as ‘jollies’ and ‘magsmen’, or the confederates of other cheats.
1867 Morning Star 25 Dec. The man Kelly was what is termed a ‘jolly’, that was, a person paid to bid so as to induce strangers to believe that he was a bonâ fide purchaser.
1874 Hotten's Slang Dict. (rev. ed.) 205 ‘Chuck Harry a jolly, Bill’, i.e. go and praise up his goods, or buy of him, and speak well of the article.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

jollyn.2

Brit. /ˈdʒɒli/, U.S. /ˈdʒɑli/
Etymology: Short for jolly-boat n.
= jolly-boat n.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > boat attendant on larger vessel > [noun] > ship's boat > types of
float-boat1322
cocka1400
cockboat1413
longboat1421
cogc1430
cog boat1440
espyne1487
jolywat1495
barge1530
fly-boat1598
gondola1626
cocket-boat1668
yawl1670
whale-boat1682
pinnace1685
launch1697
jolly-boat1728
cutter1745
gig1790
pram1807
jolly1829
whaler1893
1829 F. Marryat Naval Officer III. iii. 83 There is the jolly for you: send the boat off as soon as you have landed.
1887 W. Rye Month on Norfolk Broads 74 We took the jolly across the broad.
1889 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 146 172 The jolly was half full of water.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

Jollyn.3

Brit. /ˈdʒɒli/, /ˈjɒli/, U.S. /ˈdʒɑli/
Etymology: < the name of P. von Jolly (1809–1884), German physicist.
Used attributive (†or in the possessive) to denote a balance invented by Jolly, used esp. in determining the specific gravities of minerals, in which the elongation of a helical spring when a body is hung on it indicates the weight of the body.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > earth sciences > geology > mineralogy > [noun] > apparatus
mineral dresser1876
Jolly1882
meldometer1885
streak plate1895
1882 A. Geikie Text-bk. Geol. ii. ii. 93 Jolly's spring balance is a simple and serviceable instrument.
1906 J. P. Iddings Rock Minerals ii. 92 By means of a Jolly balance or spring..the specific gravity of a crystal may be found with approximate accuracy.
1929 Encycl. Brit. XIII. 136/2 In its usual form the Jolly balance consists of a long, delicate, helical spring suspended by one end in front of a uniformly graduated scale.
1964 J. Sinkankas Mineral. for Amateurs vii. 187 In the homemade Jolly balance shown.., a specimen attached by thread to the lower hook of the spring carries it down a certain distance which can be measured.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

jollyn.4

Brit. /ˈdʒɒli/, U.S. /ˈdʒɑli/
Forms: also jollyo.
Etymology: Shortened < jollification n. Compare jollo n.
colloquial.
= jollification n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > social event > a merrymaking or convivial occasion > [noun]
treschec1290
laetificationc1485
gossiping1557
special occasion1574
merry-meeting1597
merrymaking1618
frolic1645
merriment1663
rush1788
convivialities1830
merrymake1833
upshot1837
ball1879
spurt1885
sing-sing1899
jolly1905
rage1980
the mind > emotion > excitement > pleasurable excitement > [noun] > thrill of
thrilla1680
dirl1787
stound1827
kick1899
jolly1905
drive1921
bang1931
belt1932
the mind > emotion > pleasure > joy, gladness, or delight > [noun] > thrill of delight
stound1827
jolly1905
1905 in Dial. Notes (1908) 3 325 Justice Brewer's jolly.
1907 F. H. Burnett Shuttle xxiii. 237 If you can give 'em a jolly and make 'em laugh, they'll listen.
1920 Spectator 4 Dec. 740/1 Every age must be allowed an occasional ‘jolly’.
1921 J. Galsworthy To Let ii. iv. 154 Come and have a ‘jolly’ with us.
1922 A. Bennett Lilian i. iv I was at a bit of a jolly to-night, and my hand's never too legible.
1924 M. Newman Consummation iv. xv. 197 Troops fed to the teeth with..relentless routine, broken only by the occasional horror of a ‘show’ (what Bossy called a ‘jolly’).
1928 ‘Sapper’ Female of Species i The pleasure to be derived from what is sometimes described as an evening's jolly seems to me to be over-rated.
1966 D. Francis Flying Finish v. 64 You couldn't just go up alone for an afternoon's jolly in an airliner.
1970 V. C. Clinton-Baddeley No Case for Police iv. 78 I had gone for a jollyo to one of the rather swell hotels.
1971 ‘W. Haggard’ Bitter Harvest xiv. 145 It would be a splendid wedding, the sort of big jolly Charles Russell enjoyed.

Phrases

to get one's jollies: to get a thrill of enjoyment or excitement.
ΚΠ
1957 M. Shulman Rally round Flag, Boys! (1958) ix. 100 If she wasn't so goddam busy..then he wouldn't be thinking about getting his jollies elsewhere!
1962 in H. Wentworth & S. B. Flexner Dict. Amer. Slang Suppl. (1967) 686/1 The owner of this place gets his jollies by walking around most of the day in a Sioux war bonnet.
1968 Surfer Jan. 18/2 The announcer acted like this is where all of the surfers go after dark to get their jollies.

Compounds

jolly-up n. a jollification.
ΚΠ
1927 Amer. Speech 2 277/1 Jolly-up, informal dance.
1932 E. Waugh Black Mischief iv. 140 Why can't the silly mutt go off home and leave us to have a jolly up.
1963 Daily Tel. 3 Oct. 20/2 Many parents rejoice inwardly at..their sons being immured under a régime of spartan rigour, but if the compensating jolly-up in the holidays is carried beyond a certain point the whole exercise becomes..unrealistic.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

jollyadj.adv.

Brit. /ˈdʒɒli/, U.S. /ˈdʒɑli/
Forms: α. Middle English iolife, ioliffe, iolyfe, iolef, Middle English iolyf, Middle English–1500s iolif. β. Middle English–1500s iolye, Middle English–1600s ioly, (Middle English iuly, yoly), Middle English–1500s ioyly, Middle English–1600s iolie, 1500s iollie, iolly, ioylye, (Scottish) jolie, 1600s jollie, 1600s– jolly.
Etymology: Middle English jolif, jolyf, joly, < Old French jolif, joli, gay, festive, lively, merry, amorous, gallant, brave, finely dressed, handsome, fair, pretty, = Italian giulivo merry, pleasant, cheerful, glad, gay (in Florio giolivo ‘iollie, pleasant, ioyous, blithe, bonnie, buckesome’), Old Catalan joliu (Littré). For the loss of the final f in French and English compare hasty, tardy. In 15–16th cent. apparently associated with joy, whence the spelling joyly. The origin of Old French jolif is uncertain. French etymologists have generally followed Diez in referring it to Old Norse jól (= Old English geól ) yule n., or to a cognate German name (indicated by Gothic Juleis November) for the midwinter feast of the northern nations, whence (in Old Norse) for ‘a feast’ generally; thus *jōl-īvus, jôl-if would be = festive. But the historical and phonetic difficulties involved, whether the word is supposed to have been taken into French from Norse after 900, or to have been Common Romanic, are such as to render this conjecture extremely doubtful. M. Paul Meyer suggests that Old French jolif might be after all < Latin *gaudīvus, < gaudēre to rejoice, gaudium joy, with change of d to l, as in cigāda, Provençal cigala, French cigale, Vadensis, French Valois, and some other words.
A. adj.
I. Senses relating to cheerfulness and high spirits.
1. Of gay and cheerful disposition or character; bright, lively; joyous, gladsome; mirthful. Now archaic and chiefly of time.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pleasure > cheerfulness > [adjective]
blithe971
gladOE
blithemod1065
jollya1350
well begonea1425
well-cheered1435
hearty1440
cheery1448
cheerfula1477
chereful1486
unsweera1500
cheerly1565
riant1567
hilaire1575
light-spirited1581
undistempered1589
comfortablea1593
well-humoured1600
good-humoured1604
rident1609
hoddy1664
chicket1682
mellow1711
blithesome1724
in spirits1747
winsome1787
hilarious1823
resilient1830
blithe-hearted1848
cheero1903
bucked1907
cheerio1918
α.
a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 49 Heo is dereworþe in day, graciouse, stout, ant gay, gentil, iolyf so þe iay.
?a1366 Romaunt Rose 435 Ne she was gay fresh ne Iolyf But semed be ful ententyf To gode werkes.
β. c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 169 Preiere is betre herd of god bi..stille devocion..þan bi..ioly chauntynge þat stireþ men & wommen to daunsynge.1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iii. 48 Wee..with iollye tumult, where should that cittye be setled Streight ways demaunded.1647 T. May Hist. Parl. i. ii. 18 Though the times were jolly for the present..they could not chuse but feare the sequell.1673 J. Milton Sonnets i, in Poems (new ed.) 44 While the jolly hours lead on propitious May.1750 W. Dodd Poems (1767) 28 The jolly choir of maidens trim, Daughters of pleasance.1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems lxi. 11 Come, for jolly the time, awake.
†2. In more physical sense: Having the freshness and lively spirits of youth or good health; fresh, lively, sprightly, spirited. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [adjective] > lively, vivacious, or animated
jollyc1325
lightsomea1382
kedgec1440
fledge?1461
crank1499
frisky?a1500
sprightya1522
frisk1528
sprightful1550
quick-spirited1552
cranking1567
lively1567
quick-sprighted1579
aleger1590
bright-eyed1590
firking1594
sprightly1594
spirituous1601
great-stomached1607
spirity1615
spiritous1628
lifesomec1635
vivacious1645
rattlingc1650
quick-set1653
airy1654
animated1660
sparklinga1704
bob1721
vivace1721
animate1801
high-lifed1859
sassy1859
chippy1865
sparky1883
high-keyed1893
high life1903
peppy1914
pepful1915
jazzy1917
upbeat1947
zappy1969
sparkly1979
the mind > emotion > excitement > excitability of temperament > spiritedness or liveliness > [adjective]
jollyc1325
kedgec1440
fledge?1461
frisky?a1500
sprightya1522
frisk1528
sprightful1550
quick-spirited1552
lively1567
quick-sprighted1579
alive-like1582
aleger1590
firking1594
sprightly1594
sportive1595
mettled1599
alives-like1601
spirited1601
spirituous1601
mettle1606
great-stomached1607
free-spirited1613
spirity1615
spiritous1628
vivacious1645
rattlingc1650
sportful1650
airy1654
animated1660
racy1671
mettlesome1673
sparklinga1704
raffing?1719
bob1721
vivace1721
alive1748
lifey1793
spunky1831
gilpie1835
bubbling1860
chippy1865
bubblesome1879
colourful1882
sparky1883
bubbly1912
jazzy1917
spritzy1973
sparkly1979
kicking1983
α.
c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 1582 A doȝty iolyf bacheler a ȝong man & a wiȝt, þat is of body fresch & fier.
a1400 Seuyn Sag. 2565 Hit was a knight..And [had a] yong jolif wif.
c1450 Bk. Hawking in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 300 That hawke was never so jolyfe and so luste afore.
β. c1325 Song of Yesterday 75 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 165 An hounde Þat is likyng, and Ioly And of sekenesse hol and sounde.c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Miller's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 77 Wynsynge she was as is a ioly Colt.a1500 (?c1450) Merlin iii. 47 Thei be yonge men and Iolye, and haue grete nede of counseile.1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccxxix. 308 Therle of Marche was as then a ioly yong herty knight.1586 T. Bright Treat. Melancholie xxviii. 164 The bloud getteth a farther egernesse, and those iolie spirites be wasted.
3.
a. In high spirits; exhilarated, joyful; †glad of or pleased at something. Chiefly predicative.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pleasure > merriment > [adjective]
blitheOE
merryOE
golikc1175
lustya1225
playfulc1225
jollyc1305
merrya1350
jocund?c1380
galliardc1386
in (also on) a (merry, etc.) pinc1395
mirthfula1400
baudec1400
gayc1400
jovy1426
jocantc1440
crank1499
envoisiesa1500
as merry as a cricket1509
pleasant1530
frolic?1548
jolious1575
gleeful1586
buxom1590
gleesome1590
festival1592
laughter-loving1592
disposed1593
jucund1596
heartsomec1600
jovial1607
jovialist1610
laughsome1612
jocundary1618
gaysome1633
chirpinga1637
jovialissime1652
airy1654
festivous1654
hilarous1659
spleneticala1661
cocket1671
cranny1673
high1695
vogie1715
raffing?1719
festal1724
as merry (or lively) as a grig1728
hearty1755
tittuping1772
festive1774
fun-loving1776
mirthsome1787
Falstaffian1809
cranky1811
laughful1825
as lively as a cricket1832
hurrah1835
hilarious1838
Bacchic1865
laughterful1874
griggish1879
banzai1929
slap-you-on-the-back1932
the mind > emotion > pleasure > [adjective] > pleased or filled with pleasure > pleased at something
jollyc1305
the mind > emotion > pleasure > joy, gladness, or delight > [adjective] > elated
jollyc1305
elated1615
elevateda1640
on (also upon) the high ropes (also rope)1672
high1695
elate1702
uppisha1704
vaudyc1720
in fine (also good, high) leg1808
exalté1831
in high snuff1840
bucked1907
thrilled1908
twitterpated1942
c1305 St. Swithin 117 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 46 Þis gode man of þis tokning: iolyf was ynouȝ.
1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xiv. 20 Iob by-cam a iolif man and al hus ioye newe.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 249 Iason was Ioly of his Iuste wordes.
1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. x. 358 The Tuscans..got hart and were very iolie, saying that the Gods were in favour of them.
1656 in E. Nicholas Nicholas Papers (1897) III. 266 Though some are soe jollie at the French entertaynement.
1780 S. Johnson Lett. to Mrs. Thrale 30 May Taylor, who is gone away brisk and jolly, asked me when I would come to him.
1863 C. Kingsley Water-babies i. 5 And then shook his ears and was as jolly as ever.
b. euphemistic. Exhilarated with drink, slightly intoxicated.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > thirst > excess in drinking > [adjective] > drunk > partially drunk
merrya1382
semi-bousyc1460
pipe merry1542
totty1570
tipsy1577
martin-drunk1592
pleasant1596
mellow1611
tip-merry1612
flustered1615
lusticka1616
well to live1619
jolly1652
happy1662
hazy1673
top-heavy1687
hearty1695
half-seas-over1699
oiled1701
mellowish1703
half channelled over1709
drunkish1710
half-and-half1718
touched1722
uppisha1726
tosie1727
bosky1730
funny1751
fairish1756
cherry-merry1769
in suds1770
muddy1776
glorious1790
groggified1796
well-corned1800
fresh1804
to be mops and brooms1814
foggy1816
how-come-ye-so1816
screwy1820
off the nail1821
on (also, esp. in early use, upon) the go1821
swipey1821
muggy1822
rosy1823
snuffy1823
spreeish1825
elevated1827
up a stump1829
half-cockedc1830
tightish1830
tipsified1830
half shaved1834
screwed1837
half-shot1838
squizzed1845
drinky1846
a sheet in the wind1862
tight1868
toppy1885
tiddly1905
oiled-up1918
bonkers1943
sloshed1946
tiddled1956
hickey-
1652 C. B. Stapylton tr. Herodian Imperiall Hist. 56 In his Tipsy Cups when he was Jolly.
1741 H. Walpole Let. 3 Dec. in Lett. to H. Mann (1833) I. 37 Young Churchill, and a dozen more, grew jolly, stayed till seven in the morning, and drank thirty-two bottles.
1884 D. Pae Eustace 33 I'm never more than jolly, and can take care of myself precious well.
4. Indulging in, or fond of, conviviality and social merriment; festive; jovial. the jolly god, Bacchus. jolly fellow, jolly dog, a person of convivial tastes and habits: cf. fellow n. 3.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > social event > a merrymaking or convivial occasion > merrymaker > [adjective]
merrya1350
revellingc1450
jolly1484
goodfellow-like1542
good-fellowly1573
jovial1607
jovialist1610
boona1612
merrymaking1616
festive1744
convivial1754
good-fellowish1839
rig-a-dig1851
the world > the supernatural > deity > classical deity > [noun] > Bacchus
Bacchus1508
the jolly god1697
society > leisure > social event > a merrymaking or convivial occasion > merrymaker > [noun] > habitual
fellowa1225
goodfellowa1393
Greek1536
boon companion1566
jovialist1596
Ephesian1600
Trojan1600
jolly dog1799
convivialist1810
boonfellow1876
fellow well met1885
jollier1896
1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) lii. 75 Them..that so moche waste their good to be Iolyf & repayre their carayn.
1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 332 Ye-quheyer he glaid was and ioly, And till swylk thowlesnes he ȝeid As ye cours askis off ȝowtheid.
1550 R. Crowley One & Thyrtye Epigrammes sig. Eiiiv To lyue lyke a Lorde and make iolye chere.
a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Northampt. 298 He was a jolly Gentleman, both for Camp and Court, a great Reveller.
1697 J. Dryden Alexander's Feast iii. 3 The jolly God in Triumph comes.
1750 The Student There is another set..who assume to themselves the name of jolly fellows and ridicule every body who has the folly to be sober.
1799 Ld. Melbourne in M. Papers (1889) 5 Miller himself is a little jolly dog.
1813 L. Hunt in Examiner 14 Feb. 98/2 A Raic..we should interpret by the phrase Jolly Fellow.
1813 Sporting Mag. 41 88 A decent-looking man..who had sacrificed too freely to the jolly God.
1843 W. M. Thackeray Crit. Rev. in Wks. (1886) XXIII. 87 He became a viveur and jolly dog about town.
1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems xlvii. 6 They, my jolly comrades Search the streets.
1884 W. C. Smith Kildrostan 62 Sick of clubs and jolly fellows.
II. Senses relating to bravery and hence over-confidence.
†5.
a. Of cheerful courage; high-hearted, gallant; brave. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > courage > spirit > high-spiritedness > [adjective]
moodyOE
fierce1297
jollyc1330
fieryc1430
high-stomached1546
stout-stomached1549
hearteda1552
generous1581
high-spirited1588
high-hearteda1625
high-mettleda1626
high1649
fire-souled1823
gingery1823
stomachy1896
c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 333 With jolif men of gest toward þe North he schoke, To chace Kyng Robyn.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 300 The Iolef Iapheth watz gendered þe þryd.
c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 2440 A trewe visage He had, & a manly, And Iuly was he.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xi. 524 Thai war all ȝong men and Ioly, And ȝarnand till do cheuelry.
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccccxlii. 779 The same season there dyed..the gentyll and ioly duke Vincelyns.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. i. sig. A3 Full iolly knight he seemd, and faire did sitt, As one for knightly giusts and fierce encounters fitt.
1642 D. Rogers Naaman 29 The only season of working a jolly and stout heart to crouch and creepe.
b. jolly roger: see Jolly Roger n.
†6. Overweeningly self-confident; flushed with success or prosperity; full of presumptuous pride; defiantly bold, arrogant, overbearing. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pride > overweening or presumption > [adjective]
thristec897
overgartc1230
jollya1340
overweening1340
presumptuousa1398
presuming1434
presumptious?a1450
cock-horse1598
overweened1602
presumant1602
presumptive1609
self-assuming1647
presultory1652
assuming1695
pretending1727
engrossinga1797
hubristic1831
superweening1862
assumptious1878
assumptive1879
hubristical1923
a1340 R. Rolle Psalter cxlvi. 12 Proude men & iolif [v.r. ioly], nouþere dredis him na has hope in him.
1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) i. i. 10 Evilmerodach a Jolye man with oute Justice and..cruell.
1566 T. Stapleton Returne Vntruthes Jewelles Replie iv. 111 Thinke you to outface us with ioyly bragges?
1573 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (1884) 45 M. Brown..amongst other of his iolly vaunts..made this bost.
1648 R. Sanderson Serm. II. 232 It concerneth every one of us..not to be too high-minded or jolly for any thing that is past.
1666 W. Sancroft Lex Ignea 40 Our Mountain which we said in our jolly pride should never be removed.
III. Senses relating to passion.
†7.
a. Amorous; amatory; wanton, lustful.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > lasciviousness or lust > [adjective]
golelichc1000
luxuriousc1330
jollyc1384
lustyc1386
Venerienc1386
nicea1393
gayc1405
lasciviousc1425
libidinous1447
Venerian1448
coltishc1450
gigly1482
lubric1490
ranka1500
venereous1509
lubricous1535
venerious1547
boarish?1550
goatish?1552
cadye1554
lusting1559
coy1570
rage1573
rammish1577
venerial1577
lustful1579
rageous1579
proud1590
lust-breathed1594
rampant1596
venerous1597
sharp-seta1600
fulsome1600
lubrical1602
hot-backed1607
ruttish1607
stoned1607
muskish-minded1610
Venerean1612
saucya1616
veneral1623
lascive1647
venereal1652
lascivient1653
hircine1656
hot-tempered1673
ramp1678
randy1771
concupiscenta1834
aphrodisiac1862
lubricious1884
radgie1894
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Amos vi. 4 Ȝe sleepen in beddis of yuer, and wexen wijld, or iolyf, in ȝour beddis.
c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women Dido. 1192 So prikyth hire thes newe iolye wo.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 36 Thou in al thi lust jolif The bodily delices soghtest.
c1425 Seven Sag. (P.) 235 The emperour was jolyf of blode, And hare councel undirstood.
1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. 294v/1 He sholde sende to her alle the yonge men that were Ioly for tenforce, and to make her do theyr wylle.
1645 J. Milton Tetrachordon 9 In the Song of Songs, which is generally beleev'd, even in the jolliest expressions to figure the spousals of the Church with Christ.
b. Of animals: In heat. Obsolete exc. dialect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > animal body > general parts > sexual organs and reproduction > [adjective] > relating to mating > in specific reproductive phase
hot?a1300
rutey timec1400
jolly1535
proud1575
rutting1575
rank1600
musth1839
oestrual1857
oestral1877
diœstrous1900
oestrous1900
polyoestrous1900
1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) I. 57 Quhen ane[s] jolie persauit wes ane beist..Scho suld be keipit closlie vnder cuir.
a1586 Ballad against Evil Women in W. A. Craigie Maitland Folio MS (1919) I. 391 Quhone þe biche is Iolie and on rage.
1884 R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester (1886) Jolly, maris appetens.
IV. Senses relating to fine appearance.
†8.
a. Bright or gay in appearance; brilliant, showy, splendid. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > splendour > [adjective] > of fine or gay appearance
gay?c1225
jollyc1380
gallantc1420
show-worthy1542
gaud-glorious1555
brave1568
of show1580
gaudy1583
braving1600
cavalier1670
showish1675
showy1712
braw1724
branky1790
viewy1850
cheesy1858
cheesy1863
jazzified1920
jazzed1922
zizzy1966
c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 520 Jolye and gaye sadeles.
c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 841 Thys Iherusalem lombe hade neuer pechche, Of oþer huee bot quyt [= white] Iolyf.
a1440 Sir Eglam. 1200 Mony knyghtys herde of bone That yoly colourys bare.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Job xl. 10 Vp, decke the in thy ioly araye.
1692 R. South 12 Serm. I. 618 An Apple of Sodom..with a florid, jolly, white and red.
†b. Of immaterial things: Fine; fair; specious.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > pleasing appearance > [adjective]
faireOE
comelyOE
winlyOE
goodlyOE
hendya1250
hendc1275
quaintc1300
seemlyc1305
tidya1325
avenant1340
honestc1384
sightya1387
properc1390
well beseena1393
queema1400
speciousa1400
featousc1400
parisantc1400
rekenc1400
well-favoureda1438
wellc1450
spectable?a1475
delicatec1480
jollya1500
bonny?a1513
snog1513
viewlyc1536
goodlikec1550
sightly1555
sightful1565
beholdinga1586
eyesome?1587
decent1600
vage1604
prospicuous1605
eyely1614
fashionable1630
well-looking1638
softa1643
fineish1647
well-looked1660
of a good (also ugly, etc.) look1700
likely-looked1709
sonsy1720
smiling1725
aspectable1731
smirkya1758
likely-looking1771
respectable1776
magnificent-looking1790
producible1792
presentable1800
good-looking1804
nice-looking1807
bonnyish1855
spick1882
eyeable1887
aegyo2007
a1500 Bernardus de Cura Rei Famuliaris 198 Trast hym nocht, suppose he were þi brudyr, Bot gef a ioly worde ay for ane vdyr.
1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes sig. Aa.iiiiv Then finenesse thought by trainyng talke to win that beauty lost. And whet her tonges with ioly wordes.
1562 tr. J. Jewel Apol. Church Eng. (1600) iv. 146 Thus with a gay, and iollie shewe, deceiue they the simple.
1576 A. Fleming tr. C. Plinius Novocomensis in Panoplie Epist. 245 Those, which by outward gesture and habite of the body, make a jollie shew.
†9. Finely or ‘bravely’ dressed; = Scottish ‘braw’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [adjective] > showily or fancily dressed
gaya1387
fresha1393
jollyc1405
lustyc1412
prankedc1550
well-attireda1569
prank1575
conceited1579
dressed1641
gaily dressed1730
bedressed1863
tricked1869
done-up1911
dolled1917
c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Franklin's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 219 A Squier..That fressher was and Iolyer of array As to my doom than is the Monthe of May.
1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) xxv. 46 [I] spared myn araye on holy dayes for to shewe me fresshe & Ioly to fore men of astate.
a1513 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen in Poems (1998) I. 42 In silkis arrayit, Gymp, iolie and gent.
1593 R. Harvey Philadelphus 5 His multitude of rude Scythians and shepheardes could do more Actes than all the fine gay troopes and rankes of Baiazete,..vnlesse it be an infallible Item that the iolliest men are euer greatest actors by sea and land.
10. Good-looking; handsome; fair, pretty. Now only dialect.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > pleasing appearance > [adjective] > specifically of persons
faireOE
seemlya1225
featous1340
jolly?a1366
tretis?a1366
comelya1375
covenablea1375
well-beseenc1374
favourablea1398
farrandc1400
personable?1435
well-favoureda1438
covenantc1440
likelyc1450
trety?c1450
tret1488
decore?a1513
jimp?a1513
wally?a1513
smotter?1520
snout-fair1530
well-looking1613
comely-looking1648
personal1658
comely-looked1664
winsome1677
tidy1714
good-looking1715
well to be seen1809
?a1366 Romaunt Rose 829 So noble he was of his stature, So fair, so Ioly, and so fetys.
c1475 Partenay 343 Then spak the moste gentillest of thaim thre, The most good~lokest And iolyest to se.
1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid Metamorphosis (new ed.) xiii. f. 170v I know my selfe too bee A iollye fellow. For euen now I did behold and see Myne image in the water sheere.
1650 J. Reynolds Flower of Fidelitie 20 This jolly Nymph..very joyfully conducted them through the Woods.
1702 C. Beaumont J. Beaumont's Psyche (new ed.) iv. iv. 41 When all the glorious Realm of pure Delight, Illustrious Paradise waited on the feet Of jolly Eve.
11. Healthy and well developed; of large make and fine appearance; well-conditioned; plump. Rarely of a plant. dialect and colloquial.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > [adjective] > of health: good > healthy looking
quick?c1225
freshc1380
slickc1440
well-hueda1500
sleek1638
jollya1661
sonsy1720
sleekyc1725
well-looking1725
clean-run1881
the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by good growth > [adjective] > strong, vigorous, or plump
strongOE
thriftyc1440
well-brawneda1450
valiant1542
pubble1566
stout1573
corroborate1581
bunting1584
lusty1600
plump1600
vegetous1610
blought1611
boisterous1622
stocky1622
robust1627
steera1642
vegete1655
jollya1661
vigorous1706
well-to-do1852
the world > life > the body > bodily shape or physique > broad shape or physique > [adjective] > fat or plump
fatc893
frimOE
fullOE
overfatOE
greatOE
bald1297
roundc1300
encorsivea1340
fattishc1369
fleshyc1369
fleshlyc1374
repletea1398
largec1405
corsious1430
corpulentc1440
corsyc1440
fulsome1447
portlyc1487
corporate1509
foggy fata1529
corsive1530
foggish?1537
plump1545
fatty1552
fleshful1552
pubble1566
plum1570
pursy1576
well-fleshed1576
gross?1577
fog1582
forfatted1586
gulchy1598
bouksome1600
fat-fed1607
meatified1607
chuff1609
plumpya1616
bloat1638
blowze-like1647
obese1651
jollya1661
bloated1664
chubbed1674
pluffya1689
puffya1689
pussy1688
sappy1694
crummy1718
chubby1722
fodgel1724
well-padded1737
beefy1743
plumpish1753
pudsy1754
rotund1762
portable1770
lusty1777
roundabout1787
well-cushioned1802
plenitudinous1803
stout1804
embonpointc1806
roly-poly1808
adipose1810
roll-about1815
foggy1817
poddy1823
porky1828
hide-blown1834
tubby1835
stoutish1836
tubbish1836
superfatted1841
pottle-bodied1842
pincushiony1851
opulent1882
well-covered1884
well-upholstered1886
butterball1888
endomorphic1888
tisty-tosty1888
pachyntic1890
barrel-bodied1894
overweight1899
pussy-gutted1906
upholstered1924
a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Worc. 169 A dainty dame in her youth, & a jolly woman in her age.
1683 London Gaz. No. 1848/8 A brisk jolly Man, brown hair'd.
1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 205 One of these Branches..was grown to be a very Jolly Plant.
1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 485. ⁋3 He is that Sort of person which the Mob call a handsome jolly Man.
1752 Philos. Trans. 1749–50 (Royal Soc.) 46 234 The Lady was brought to bed of a fine jolly Boy.
1825 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words Jolly, stout, large in person. ‘A jolly landlady’.
1887 W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Dict. Kentish Dial. Jolly, fat; plump; sleek, in good condition.
V. Senses connoting admiration.
12.
a. Used as a general expression of admiration: Splendid, fine, excellent.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [adjective]
faireOE
bremea1000
goodlyOE
goodfulc1275
noblec1300
pricec1300
specialc1325
gentlec1330
fine?c1335
singulara1340
thrivena1350
thriven and throa1350
gaya1375
properc1380
before-passinga1382
daintiful1393
principala1398
gradelya1400
burlyc1400
daintyc1400
thrivingc1400
voundec1400
virtuousc1425
hathelc1440
curiousc1475
singlerc1500
beautiful1502
rare?a1534
gallant1539
eximious1547
jolly1548
egregious?c1550
jellyc1560
goodlike1562
brawc1565
of worth1576
brave?1577
surprising1580
finger-licking1584
admirablea1586
excellinga1586
ambrosial1598
sublimated1603
excellent1604
valiant1604
fabulous1609
pure1609
starryc1610
topgallant1613
lovely1614
soaringa1616
twanging1616
preclarent1623
primea1637
prestantious1638
splendid1644
sterling1647
licking1648
spankinga1666
rattling1690
tearing1693
famous1695
capital1713
yrare1737
pure and —1742
daisy1757
immense1762
elegant1764
super-extra1774
trimming1778
grand1781
gallows1789
budgeree1793
crack1793
dandy1794
first rate1799
smick-smack1802
severe1805
neat1806
swell1810
stamming1814
divine1818
great1818
slap-up1823
slapping1825
high-grade1826
supernacular1828
heavenly1831
jam-up1832
slick1833
rip-roaring1834
boss1836
lummy1838
flash1840
slap1840
tall1840
high-graded1841
awful1843
way up1843
exalting1844
hot1845
ripsnorting1846
clipping1848
stupendous1848
stunning1849
raving1850
shrewd1851
jammy1853
slashing1854
rip-staving1856
ripping1858
screaming1859
up to dick1863
nifty1865
premier cru1866
slap-bang1866
clinking1868
marvellous1868
rorty1868
terrific1871
spiffing1872
all wool and a yard wide1882
gorgeous1883
nailing1883
stellar1883
gaudy1884
fizzing1885
réussi1885
ding-dong1887
jim-dandy1888
extra-special1889
yum-yum1890
out of sight1891
outasight1893
smooth1893
corking1895
large1895
super1895
hot dog1896
to die for1898
yummy1899
deevy1900
peachy1900
hi1901
v.g.1901
v.h.c.1901
divvy1903
doozy1903
game ball1905
goodo1905
bosker1906
crackerjack1910
smashinga1911
jake1914
keen1914
posh1914
bobby-dazzling1915
juicy1916
pie on1916
jakeloo1919
snodger1919
whizz-bang1920
wicked1920
four-star1921
wow1921
Rolls-Royce1922
whizz-bang1922
wizard1922
barry1923
nummy1923
ripe1923
shrieking1926
crazy1927
righteous1930
marvy1932
cool1933
plenty1933
brahmaa1935
smoking1934
solid1935
mellow1936
groovy1937
tough1937
bottler1938
fantastic1938
readyc1938
ridge1938
super-duper1938
extraordinaire1940
rumpty1940
sharp1940
dodger1941
grouse1941
perfecto1941
pipperoo1945
real gone1946
bosting1947
supersonic1947
whizzo1948
neato1951
peachy-keen1951
ridgey-dite1953
ridgy-didge1953
top1953
whizzing1953
badass1955
wild1955
belting1956
magic1956
bitching1957
swinging1958
ridiculous1959
a treat1959
fab1961
bad-assed1962
uptight1962
diggish1963
cracker1964
marv1964
radical1964
bakgat1965
unreal1965
pearly1966
together1968
safe1970
bad1971
brilliant1971
fabby1971
schmick1972
butt-kicking1973
ripper1973
Tiffany1973
bodacious1976
rad1976
kif1978
awesome1979
death1979
killer1979
fly1980
shiok1980
stonking1980
brill1981
dope1981
to die1982
mint1982
epic1983
kicking1983
fabbo1984
mega1985
ill1986
posho1989
pukka1991
lovely jubbly1992
awesomesauce2001
nang2002
bess2006
amazeballs2009
boasty2009
daebak2009
beaut2013
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Mark viii. 31 To haue hym greatly estemed, and taken for a ioly felowe of euery body.
1576 A. Fleming tr. J. Caius Of Eng. Dogges 11 This Dogge..taketh the pray with a iolly quicknes.
c1620 C. More Life Sir T. Moore (1828) 316 This said jolly invention of Sir Thomas More's.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Pastorals iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 15 Graze not too near the Banks, my jolly Sheep.
1805 W. Wordsworth Waggoner i. 118 My jolly team, he finds that ye Will work for nobody but me!
1859 F. W. Farrar Julian Home xxi. 264 They all drank his health with the usual honours:..For he's a jolly good fe-el-lo-ow—Which nobody can deny.
b. ironically. (Cf. ‘pretty’, ‘fine’, Sc. ‘bonny’.)The term jolly fellow was often thus used in the sixteenth cent., sometimes with allusion to sense A. 6, and survived later in some dialects.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > state of being accursed > [adjective] > as everyday imprecation
stinking?c1225
misbegetc1325
banned1340
cursefula1382
wariablea1382
cursedc1386
biccheda1400
maledighta1400
vilea1400
accursedc1400
whoresona1450
remauldit?1473
execrable1490
infamous1490
unbicheda1500
jolly1534
bloodyc1540
mangy?1548
pagan1550
damned1563
misbegotten1571
putid1580
desperate1581
excremental1591
inexecrable?1594
sacred1594
putrid1628
sad1664
blasted1682
plagued1728
damnation1757
infernal1764
damn1775
pesky1775
deuced1782
shocking1798
blessed1806
darned1815
dinged1821
anointed1823
goldarn1830
darn1835
cussed1837
blamed1840
unholy1842
verdomde1850
bleeding1858
ghastly1860
goddam1861
blankety1872
blame1876
bastard1877
God-awful1877
dashed1881
sodding1881
bally1885
ungodly1887
blazing1888
dee1889
motherfucking1890
blistering1900
plurry1900
Christly1910
blinking1914
blethering1915
blighted1915
blighting1916
soddish1922
somethinged1922
effing1929
Jesus1929
dagnab1934
bastarding1944
Christless1947
mother-loving1948
mothering1951
pussyclaat1957
mother-grabbing1959
pigging1970
1534 T. More Treat. Passion in Wks. 1303/2 Here shall you see Iudas play the ioylye marchaunt I trowe.
1546 Bp. S. Gardiner Declar. True Articles 42 b Is not he a ioylye worke~man that wolde deuise to haue god done, otherwyse then he hath?
1586 J. Ferne Blazon of Gentrie 71 Mary, a iolly peece of worke it were, to see plow-men gentlemen.
1645 J. Milton Colasterion 1 It was my hap at length..to finde not seeking..a jolly slander, call'd Divorce at pleasure.
a1653 Z. Boyd Zion's Flowers (1855) 82 They're joly praters, but are Jades to doe.
1881 S. Evans Evans's Leicestershire Words (new ed.) (at cited word) ‘A jolly fellow’ = ‘a fine fellow’, in the sense of one who prides himself on something he has no occasion to be proud of.
13.
a. Exceedingly pleasant, agreeable, or ‘nice’; delightful. Now colloquial.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pleasure > quality of being pleasant or pleasurable > [adjective]
winsomea900
sweetc900
likingeOE
i-quemec950
lieflyOE
winlyOE
hereOE
thankfulc1000
merryOE
queemc1175
beina1200
willea1200
leesomec1200
savouryc1225
estea1250
i-wilc1275
winc1275
welcomea1300
doucea1350
well-pleasingc1350
acceptablea1382
pleasablea1382
pleasanta1382
pleaseda1382
acceptedc1384
amiablec1384
well-likinga1387
queemfulc1390
flattering1393
pleasinga1398
well-queeminga1400
comelyc1400
farrandc1400
greable1401
goodlyc1405
amicable?a1425
placablec1429
amene1433
winful1438
listyc1440
dulcet1445
agreeablec1450
favourousc1485
sweetly?a1500
pleasureful?c1502
dulcea1513
grate1523
prettya1529
plausible1541
jolly1549
dulcoratec1550
toothsome1551
pleasurable1557
tickling1558
suavec1560
amenous1567
odoriferous?1575
perfumed1580
glada1586
tickle1593
pleasurous1595
favoursome1601
dulcean1606
gratifying1611
Hyblaean1614
gratulatea1616
arrident1616
solacefula1618
pleasantable1619
placid1628
contentsome1632
sapid1640
canny1643
gustful1647
peramene1657
pergrateful1657
tastefula1659
complacent1660
placentiousa1661
gratifactorya1665
bland1667
suavious1669
palatable1683
placent1683
complaisant1710
nice1747
tasty1796
sweetsome1799
titbit1820
connate1836
cunning1843
mooi1850
gemütlich1852
sympathique1859
congenial1878
sympathetic1900
sipid1908
onkus1910
sympathisch1911
1549 H. Latimer 2nd Serm. before Kynges Maiestie 5th Serm. sig. Qiii A ioly pray for oure holye father.
1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 634 The hart of sommer is nourished and inforced by the melting of the ice and snow, and so bloweth a ioly coole winde.
a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) ii. vii. 184 This Life is most iolly . View more context for this quotation
c1704 M. Prior Henry & Emma 122 A Shepherd now along the Plain He roves; And with his jolly Pipe, delights the Groves.
1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake I. xv. 276 How jolly, to see the lads hewing at each other.
1888 Poor Nellie 57 By Jove! but it is awfully jolly out here!
1890 ‘L. Falconer’ Mademoiselle Ixe (1891) iii. 86 Good-bye, Mrs. Merrington; so jolly of you to give a dance.
1891 E. Peacock Narcissa Brendon I. 138 What was, by universal consent, the jolliest room in the house.
b. Also ironically.
ΚΠ
1916 J. Galsworthy Sheaf i. 13 ‘Jolly for my new coat!’ I said.
14. Used as an admiring intensive, deriving its meaning from the context: Admirably great, large, big, etc.; ironically ‘fine’, ‘nice’. Now colloquial.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > high or intense degree > [adjective] > very great or extreme > specifically of something good or admirable
goodc1300
jolly1559
rare1619
1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates Salisbury xxiv With erles, lordes and captaynes ioly store.
1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Sept. 165 Indeede, thy Ball is a bold bigge curre, And could make a jolly hole in theyr furre.
a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Wales 22 This King had four and twenty Daughters, a jolly number.
1855 Darwin in Life & Lett. (1887) I. 405 Are not these a jolly lot of assumptions?
18.. F. W. Robinson Tito's Troubles in Wrayford's Ward The fate that loomed before Tito..was..set down as a ‘jolly shame’.
1880 C. E. L. Riddell Myst. Palace Gardens (1881) xxx. 293 The jolly row there was between him and the mater.
1901 N.E.D. at Jolly Mod. slang, ‘I should call you a jolly fool, if you did.’
B. adv.
1. In a jolly manner; merrily, pleasantly.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pleasure > [adverb]
lustly971
to thankOE
merryOE
lustilya1225
likinglya1387
pleasinglya1400
in (on) thankc1400
merrilyc1400
pleasantlya1425
listilyc1440
at pleasure1579
jolly1615
well-pleasedly1645
pleasedly1651
enjoyingly1835
welcomingly1884
the mind > emotion > pleasure > merriment > [adverb]
merryOE
feastlya1325
gailya1375
gay?a1400
festivally?c1400
merrilyc1400
jocundly1471
mirthfully1508
jolly1615
chirpingly1650
jollily1670
jovially1704
festively1793
gleeishly1828
gleesomely1850
gleefully1862
hilariously1863
1615 G. Wither Shepherds Hunting in Juvenilia (1633) 385 Willy, thou now full jolly tun'st thy Reeds.
1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits iv. 75 They eat, and drink, and live jolly in the open air.
2.
a. Qualifying an adjective or adverb; originally appreciatively, then ironically, with intensive force: Extremely, very. Now colloquial.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > high or intense degree > [adverb] > very
tooc888
swith971
wellOE
wellOE
fullOE
rightc1175
muchc1225
wellac1275
gainlya1375
endlyc1440
hard?1440
very1448
odda1500
great1535
jolly1549
fellc1600
veryvery1649
gooda1655
vastly1664
strange1667
bloody1676
ever so1686
heartily1727
real1771
precious1775
quarely1805
murry1818
très1819
freely1820
powerfula1822
gurt1824
almighty1830
heap1832
all-fired1833
gradely1850
real1856
bonny1857
heavens1858
veddy1859
canny1867
some1867
oh-so1881
storming1883
spanking1886
socking1896
hefty1898
velly1898
fair dinkum1904
plurry1907
Pygmalion1914
dinkum1915
beaucoup1918
dirty1920
molto1923
snorting1924
honking1929
hellishing1931
thumpingly1948
way1965
mega1966
mondo1968
seriously1970
totally1972
mucho1978
stonking1990
1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. Phil. iii. f. viiv I thought my selfe a iolye fortunate man [L. pulchre mihi videbar felix], aswell for the nobylitie of my kyndred..as also for my strayte obseruyng of ye law.
a1575 N. Harpsfield Treat. Divorce Henry VIII (1878) (modernized text) 171 The..25 chapter..maketh a jolly impertinent process.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) iii. iii. 85 'Tis like you'll proue a iolly surly groome. View more context for this quotation
1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ vi. xxix. 43 Prince Rupert, having got a jolly considerable Army in Holland.
1647 J. Trapp Comm. Evangelists & Acts (Matt. iv. 1) All was jolly quiet at Ephesus before St. Paul came hither.
1838 C. Dickens Oliver Twist I. ix. 142 ‘He is so jolly green!’ said Charley.
1898 R. Kipling in Morning Post 8 Nov. 5/1 My friend, you made a mistake, and you jolly well know it.
b. Formerly also jolly and ——; cf. Sc. braw and ——, gay and ——; in braw and able, braw and soon, it is gay and late.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > high or intense degree > greatly or very much [phrase] > very
jolly and1565
bloody well1814
(a) hang of a1941
1565 T. Stapleton Fortresse of Faith f. 37 Is not your doctrine a ioyly and holesom doctrine?
1565 T. Stapleton Fortresse of Faith f. 40* Is not this religion of protestants like to be a ioyly and sounde religion?
?1578 W. Patten Let. Entertainm. Killingwoorth 82 I am of woont iolly & dry a mornings.

Compounds

C1.
jolly-cheeked adj.
ΚΠ
1827 W. Tennant Papistry Storm'd 118 The jollie-cheekit moon.
jolly-faced adj.
ΚΠ
1898 F. C. Gould in Westm. Gaz. 8 Dec. 2/1 Jolly-faced farmers.
jollylike adj.
ΚΠ
1587 M. Grove Pelops & Hippodamia (1878) 48 As if Alexandrus were With all his iolilyke royaltie, in place among them there.
jolly-timbered adj.
ΚΠ
1594 T. Lodge Wounds Ciuill War iii. i, in W. C. Hazlitt Dodsley's Sel. Coll. Old Eng. Plays (1874) VII. 145 Aristion is a jolly-timber'd man.
C2.
Thesaurus »
jolly-boys n. ‘a group of small drinking vessels connected by a tube, or by openings one from another’ (Farmer Slang 1896).
jolly-tail n. Australian a small freshwater fish of the genus Galaxias, esp. G. attenuatus.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > [noun] > member of family Galaxiidae
mudfish1502
inanga1845
cockabully1874
smig1879
mountain trout1882
kokopu1886
jolly-tail1892
minnow1898
bully1912
1892 P. L. Simmonds Commerc. Dict. Trade Products (rev. ed.) Suppl. 463/2 Jolly-tail, a small fresh-water fish of Australia..highly esteemed as a delicacy for the table. There are several species.
1898 E. E. Morris Austral Eng. 224/1 Jolly-tail, n. a Tasmanian name for the larger variety of the fish Galaxias attenuatus, Jenyns, and other species of Galaxias.
1951 T. C. Roughley Fish & Fisheries Austral. (rev. ed.) 156 It [sc. whitebait] is composed mainly of the young fry of small fish called minnows or jollytails (Galaxias attenuatus).
1965 Austral. Encycl. V. 141/2 Jollytails, small freshwater fishes (Galaxias) rarely attaining a length of 8 inches.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

jollyv.

Brit. /ˈdʒɒli/, U.S. /ˈdʒɑli/
Etymology: < jolly adj., jolly n.1; compare Old French jolyer.
1. intransitive. To make merry, enjoy oneself. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pleasure > merriment > be merry [verb (intransitive)]
blissc897
spilea1000
merryOE
to make good cheera1275
blithea1400
gleea1400
to play the goodfellow1563
jolly1610
to keep Hilary term1618
gaya1629
jovialize1640
1610 G. Fletcher Christs Victorie 57 They iolly at his griefe, and make their game.
1839 W. M. Thackeray Fatal Boots xii Home at half-past three to dinner—when I jollied, as I call it, for the rest of the day.
2. slang.
a. transitive. To treat with rough merriment, ridicule, or horseplay; to chaff; to abuse.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > banter or good-humoured ridicule > banter [verb (transitive)]
tauntc1530
railly1668
rally1672
banter1677
smoke1699
to get, take, or have a rise out of1703
joke1748
to run a rig1764
badinage1778
queer1778
quiz1787
to poke (one's) fun (at)1795
gammon1801
chaff1826
to run on ——1830
rig1841
trail1847
josh1852
jolly1874
chip1898
barrack1901
horse1901
jazz1927
to take the mike out ofa1935
to take the piss (out of)1945
to take the mickey (out of)1948
1874 Hotten's Slang Dict. (rev. ed.) 205 Jolly, to abuse or vituperate.
1879 Notes & Queries 5th Ser. 11 406 Jolleying is a common term among workmen in London, and is used to express nearly every description of verbal ridicule and abuse.
1885 J. Runciman Skippers & Shellbacks 146 The way they hustled us and jollied us was cruel.
1924 H. de Sélincourt Cricket Match vii. 219 Their main effort seems not to be..jollied out for a depressing total.
b. To cheer.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > applause > applaud [verb (transitive)] > by shouting
huzza1688
shout1706
hip1818
cheer1827
beshout1828
bravo1831
hurrah1832
jolly1891
hoch1909
1891 Licensed Victuallers' Gaz. 9 Feb. (Farmer) The ring of spectators..cheered and jollied both lads vociferously.
c. To treat (a person) in a pleasant, agreeable manner, with the object of keeping him in good humour or of obtaining a favour from him. Const. up, along, etc. Also with impersonal object originally U.S.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > flattery or flattering > servile flattery or currying favour > flatter servilely or curry favour with [verb (transitive)]
flatter1340
to claw the back ofc1394
to pick a thank (also thanks)c1422
clawc1425
to claw by the sleeve1509
to claw by the backa1542
fawna1568
to make or pay (one's) court to1590
adulate1612
hug1622
sycophant1637
to make up to1701
to whip it in with1702
cultivate1706
incense1708
to wheedle in with1726
to grandfather up1747
slaver1794
toad1802
to play up to ——1809
nut1819
toady1827
bootlick1846
to suck up to1860
lickspittle1886
jolly1890
bum-suck1918
arse-lick1919
to cosy up to1937
brown-nose1948
ass-kiss1951
ass-lick1962
love-bomb1976
1890 H. C. Palmer Stories of Base Ball Field 81 I jollied him along as strong as I could.
1893 A. C. Gunter Miss Dividends 232 You've left her alone all to-day—you ain't been near to jolly her up.
1894 Outing 24 60/1 It was very difficult to beg off. I jollied the trio as best I could.
1895 Nebraska State Jrnl. 23 June 3/1 They jollied Hiram Ebright and touched up the players.
1899 Harper's Mag. Mar. 529/2 We want you to jolly them up a bit.
1901 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 19 Oct. 2/5 It is now asserted that the message was an artful device of the astute Mr. Bratnober, who wanted to keep Mr. Macdonald ‘jollied up’ until the time should come to dispense with his services.
1908 G. H. Lorimer Jack Spurlock i. 16 I..debated whether it would jolly her along if I opened more beer.
1908 G. H. Lorimer Jack Spurlock v. 91 Our customers expect the boys to have a little snap and jolly their grub along.
1909 S. E. White Rules of Game ii. iii. 127 Seems like they try to pay for their entertainment by jollying us along.
1929 E. Wilson I thought of Daisy iv. 253 I thought that I'd jolly him along a little.
1938 E. Waugh Scoop ii. i. 124 We've got to..make contacts, dig up some news sources, jolly up the locals a bit.
1943 J. B. Priestley Daylight on Sat. xi. 68 He had seen himself arranging sports and entertainments..and generally jollying everybody along.
1958 ‘A. Gilbert’ Death against Clock 10 Her clothes were varying shades of brown, jollied up with a purple scarf.
1959 Times 28 July 11/2 Mr. Maurice Browning..jollies things along briskly enough, with enthusiastic aid from the audience.
1973 H. McCloy Change of Heart iv. 40 He protested, he argued, he even tried to jolly them along. They only became bolder.
d. intransitive. To make a sham bid at an auction; see jolly n.1 3.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > buying > buy [verb (intransitive)] > make various types of bid
revie1591
underbid1611
bida1616
overbid1616
to buy over a person's head1682
ticket1778
spring1851
tender1865
jolly1869
1869 Echo 11 Oct. Dealers who if they chance to see a likely purchaser in the crowd will forthwith commence to make false offers—termed ‘jollying’—for their own horses when brought up for auction.
3. transitive. To succeed in raising; to work up. U.S.
ΚΠ
1921 R. D. Paine Comrades Rolling Ocean xii. 206 I can jolly steam enough for a couple of pumps and a dynamo.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.11829n.21829n.31882n.41905adj.adv.c1305v.1610
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