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单词 jubilee
释义

jubileen.

/ˈdʒuːbɪliː/
Forms: Middle English–1600s iubile, iubilee, 1500s iubely(e, 1600s iubili, jubily, jubylee, ( gubilie), 1600s–1800s jubile, 1600s– jubilee.
Etymology: < French jubilé (14th cent. in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter), in Spanish jubileo , Italian giubbileo , < late Latin jūbilaeus (Vulgate, etc.), used as noun ‘jubilee’, but properly an adjective form (sc. annus ), after Greek ἰωβηλαῖος adjective (Origen, Epiphanius, etc.), < ἰώβηλος ‘jubilee’ (Josephus Antiq. iii. xii. 3), < Hebrew yōbēl , ‘jubilee’, originally, it seems, ‘ram’, hence ‘ram's horn used as a trumpet’, with which the jubilee year was proclaimed. The Latin form jūbilaeus instead of jōbēlaeus shows association of the Old Testament word with the native Latin jūbilum wild cry, shout, and jūbilāre to shout to, shout, halloo, huzza (see jubil v.); and in Christian Latin there was established an association of sense between these words and the Hebrew ‘jubilee’, which has extended to the modern languages of Western Christendom. In English the word was often, as in the Bible versions, spelt jubile; this was usually, like the French jubilé, of 3 syllables; but it was sometimes a disyllable, and referred directly to Latin jūbilum or medieval Latin jūbilus, in the sense of an exultant shout. Compare also jubil in jubil-trumpet.
1.
a. Jewish History. (More fully year of jubilee). A year of emancipation and restoration, which according to the institution in Leviticus xxv was to be kept every fifty years, and to be proclaimed by the blast of trumpets throughout the land; during it the fields were to be left uncultivated, Hebrew slaves were to be set free, and lands and houses in the open country or unwalled towns that had been sold were to revert to their former owners or their heirs.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > period > year > [noun] > of specific calendar
year of gracec1325
year of jubilee1382
emergent yearc1450
Julian year1592
sabbatic1649
academical year1773
academic year1814
Sothic year1828
society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > liberation > [noun] > a time of > in Jewish history
year of jubilee1382
society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > [noun] > remission of something due > time of remission or release > specifically in jewish history
year of jubilee1382
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Lev. xxv. 10 Thow shalt halowe the fyftith ȝeer..he is forsothe the iubilee [L. ipse est enim jubilaeus; 1535 Coverd. Iubilye, 1560 (Geneva) Iubile, 1569 (Bps.) Iubilee, 1611 Iubile].
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Lev. xxv. 13 The ȝeer of iubilee [L. anno jubilaei].
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Josh. vi. 4 The prestis shulen taak seuen trompes, whos vse is in the iubile [L. buccinas, quarum usus est in jubileo].
1581 J. Marbeck Bk. Notes & Common Places 562 Iubely is of this Hebrew word Iobel, which in English, signifieth a Trumpet: a yeare of singuler mirth and ioy, and of much rest.
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 126 Touching this yeare of Iubilee is much controversie.
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 126 Scaliger..proving that the Iubilee was but fortie nine yeares complete, and that the fiftieth yeare was the first onwards of another Iubilee or Sabbath of yeares.
1845 S. Austin tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Reformation in Germany (ed. 2) II. 205 In Würtemberg, too, the Israelitish year of jubilee was preached to the peasants.
1897 S. R. Driver Introd. Lit. Old Test. (ed. 6) 57 It is impossible to think that..the institution of Jubile is a mere paper-law... At least so far as concerns the land..it must date from ancient times in Israel.
b. figurative or transferred. A time of restitution, remission, or release.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > liberation > [noun] > a time of
jubileec1584
spring1917
society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > [noun] > remission of something due > time of remission or release
jubileec1584
c1584 in F. A. Gasquet & E. Bishop Edward VI & Bk. Common Prayer (1890) 10 Days of licence which are called days of jubilee.
1602 J. Marston Antonios Reuenge i. iii. sig. B4 You arriue in Iubile, And firme attonement of all boystrous rage.
1611 R. Fenton Treat. Vsurie ii. xiii. 95 The land if it want a Iubile will in time grow hartlesse.
1614 W. Alexander Doomes-day iv. xciv. sig. Pv His Prisoners at last Death must enlarge, At that Great Iubili.
1621 H. Elsynge Notes Deb. House of Lords (1870) 110 Moved, whether a generall jubelee shalbe for the debtes, or whether a moderacion?
1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) i. §44 The first day of our Jubilee is Death. View more context for this quotation
1711 Light to Blind in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. v. 116 Noe one had..apprehension to be punished for his religion thro-out the Brittish empyre, which was a general jubily to those nations.
2. Roman Catholic Church A year instituted by Boniface VIII in 1300 as a year of remission from the penal consequences of sin, during which plenary indulgence might be obtained by a pilgrimage to Rome, the visiting of certain churches there, the giving of alms, fasting three days, and the performance of other pious works.It was at first appointed to take place every hundred years, but the period was afterwards shortened to fifty, thirty-three, and twenty-five years, and now ‘an extraordinary jubilee is granted at any time either to the whole Church or to particular countries or cities, and not necessarily or even usually for a whole year’ ( Cath. Dict. 1885).
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > liturgical year > [noun] > jubilee
jubilee1432
1432–50 tr. Higden, Harl. Contin. (Rolls) VIII. 491 Pope Urban the vjte considerynge this tyme the age of men to decrease, ordeynede this yere to be the yere of iubile willynge that hit scholde contynue in every xxxti yere folowynge.
?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1882) VIII. 285 Bonefacius the viijthe..grawntede grete indulgences in vthe yere of his governayle [1300], whiche was þe yere iubile to men visitynge the apostles Petyr and Paule.
1477 Earl Rivers tr. Dictes or Sayengis Philosophhres (Caxton) (1877) lf. 1 I vnderstode the Iubylee & pardon[e] to be at..Seynt Iames in Spayne.
1534 in E. Peacock Eng. Church Furnit. (1866) 206 Item vij tables with scriptures uppon them to hange on the altars in the tyme of the Jubyle.
1556 in J. G. Nichols Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 28 Thys yere was the gret jubele at Powlles.
1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. vijv Clemente appoynteth the yere of Iubile, which Boniface the eight had ordained euery hundreth yeare, to be nowe euerye fiftithe yeare.
1635 E. Pagitt Christianographie (1636) iii. 85 Leo the tenth..sent a Iubile with his pardons abroad.
1682 London Gaz. No. 1702/2 This week was published here a Bull for an Universal Jubily, Granted by the Pope.
1749 H. Walpole Lett. (1846) II. 286 Here..we imagine that a jubilee is a season of pageants, not of devotion.
1841 W. Spalding Italy & Ital. Islands II. 146 Bernardino da Polenta, lord of Ravenna..in the jubilee of 1350, beset the roads with his men-at-arms, robbed the male pilgrims, and..dishonoured many of the females.
1900 Catholic Directory 184 The conditions of the Great and Universal Jubilee of the Holy Year 1900.
3.
a. The fiftieth anniversary of an event; the celebration of the completion of fifty years of reign, of activity, or continuance in any business, occupation, rank or condition. silver jubilee (after silver wedding), a name for the celebration for the twenty-fifth anniversary; so diamond jubilee, applied to the celebration of the sixtieth year of the reign of Queen Victoria.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > particular time > an anniversary > [noun] > specific anniversaries
jubileec1386
quinquagenary1588
centenary1661
millennium1664
secular1706
coming of age1788
centennial1791
tricentenary1846
tercentenary1855
quinquennial1857
ter-millenary1864
sexcentenary1865
semi-centenary1870
bicentenary1872
septcentenary1873
quincentenary1877
sesquicentennial1880
quadricentennial1882
bicentennial1883
quatercentenary1883
tricentennial1883
tercentennial1884
quincentennial1885
octocentenary1888
quadrennial1890
quingentenary1892
octingentenary1893
ruby anniversary1893
semi-jubilee1893
septingentenary1893
millennial1896
millenary1897
quadringenary1905
quingenary1911
bimillenary1961
sesquicentenary1961
quasquicentennial1962
nongenary1966
octocentennial1994
the world > time > particular time > an anniversary > [noun] > anniversary of specific things
Gunpowder day1613
regnal day1877
Columbus Day1892
diamond jubilee1897
Victoria Day1901
Gallipoli Day1915
Sadie Hawkins1938
c1386 G. Chaucer Summoner's Tale 154 Our Sexteyn and oure ffermerer That han been trewe freres fifty yeer, They may now, god be thanked of his looue, Maken hir Iubilee and walke allone.
1548 H. Latimer Notable Serm. sig. B.viv Pamperyng of their paunches lyke a Monke that maketh his Jubilie.
1809 (title) Address to the Inhabitants of Great Britain and Ireland on the Jubilee.
a1832 J. T. Graves Rom. & Canon Law in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) II. 753/1 In 1838, Huschke published..an offering on the occasion of Hugo's jubilee from the faculty of law at Breslau.
1853 T. De Quincey Autobiogr. Sketches in Select. Grave & Gay I. 133 In Germany..a married couple, when celebrating the fiftieth anniversary of their marriage-day, are said to keep their golden jubilee; but on the twenty-fifth anniversary they have credit only for a silver jubilee.
1861 C. Knight Pop. Hist. Eng. VII. xxix. 526 The 25th of October [1809] was celebrated throughout the Kingdom as ‘The Jubilee’—the fiftieth anniversary of the accession to the throne of George the Third.
1887 Whitaker's Almanack 551/1 Henry III completed his year of Jubilee Oct. 27, 1266; his great grandson, Edward III, Jan. 24th, 1377; and George III, Oct. 24th, 1810.
1887 Ld. Tennyson (title) The Jubilee of Queen Victoria.
1887 Queen Victoria in London Gaz. 25 June Suppl. The enthusiastic reception I met with..on the occasion of my Jubilee, has touched me most deeply.
1890 Post Card 16 May ‘Penny Postage Jubilee—1890. Guildhall, London’.
1897 G. B. Smith Life Q. Victoria xii. (Rtldg.) 169 The Royal Jubilee of 1887, and the Diamond Jubilee of 1897, will recall the memorable events of a memorable period in British history.
1898 Daily Tel. 19 July The Rev. Arthur Robins, rector of Holy Trinity, Windsor..celebrates his ‘silver jubilee’ in the Royal Borough to-day.
1898 Daily Tel. 20 July The Sports Club are entertaining W. G. Grace on the occasion of his jubilee [50th birthday].
b. A fiftieth year. Obsolete. rare—1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > source or principle of life > age > [noun] > specific age
yearOE
scorea1400
seventeena1568
threescorea1616
jubileea1640
military age1656
legal age1658
tecnogoniaa1676
sixty1717
forty1732
fifty1738
seven-year-old1762
teen1789
septuagenarianism1824
sexagenarianism1824
day-old1831
seventeen-year-old1858
centenarianism1863
roaring forties1867
twenties1874
leaving age1875
school-leaving age1881
octogenarianism1883
reading age1906
three1909
teenage1912
eleven-plus1937
a1640 J. Fletcher et al. Queene of Corinth iii. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Bbbbbb2/1 He is 50. man, in's Jubile I warrant.
c. A period of fifty years, half a century. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > period > year > [noun] > period of specific number of years
hendecadOE
a week of yearsa1382
weekc1384
Olympiada1387
lustre1387
yearc1425
millenary1551
prenticeship1553
septenary1576
lustrum1590
quinquennal1590
seventy1590
septimane1603
quinquennie1606
threescore (years) and tena1616
duodecad1621
quinquennium1621
jubilee1643
quadrenniala1646
chiliad1653
septennary1659
septennium1660
triennial1661
millennium1664
tetraëterid1678
octennial1679
duodenary1681
quadrennium1779
septenniad1836
quinquenniad1842
milliad1843
tricentenary1846
triennium1847
vicennium1847
bimillenary1850
lustration1853
sexennium1858
septennate1874
quinquennial1877
pentad1880
sexennate1898
aeon1960
1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) i. §41 If there bee any truth in Astrology, I may outlive a Jubilee . View more context for this quotation
1645 E. Pagitt Heresiogr. Ep. Ded. sig. A2v I have lived among you almost a Iubile.
1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. iv. 136 Edward, the third..having reigned a Jubilee, ful fifty years.
1715 tr. D. Gregory Elements Astron. I. ii. §11. 249 A Jubilee, of 49 or 50 Years; a Seculum, or an Age, of 100 Years.
4. A season or occasion of joyful celebration or general rejoicing.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > social event > festive occasion > [noun]
festivityc1410
rejoicingc1475
festivala1500
gaudy1535
show of misrule1555
gaudc1571
wake1577
festal1581
jubilee1589
gaudy-nighta1616
gala night1762
bridewain1789
gala1800
bean-feast1805
holinighta1821
let-off1827
glorification1843
pesta1964
1589 W. Warner Albions Eng. (new ed.) v. xxiiii. 109 Then loue me for: beleeue me, so will proue a Iubelie.
1619 Pasquils Palinodia sig. Dv It was the day when euery Kitchin reekes, And hungry bellies keepe a Iubile.
1634 T. Heywood Maidenhead Lost iii, in Wks. (1874) IV. 137 Prepare we for this great solemnity, Of Hymeneall Iubilies.
a1711 T. Ken Hymnarium 99 in Wks. (1721) II. In Heav'n they keep a Jubilee that day, When the good Shepherd brings a weeping Stray.
1804 M. Cutler Let. 26 Jan. in W. P. Cutler & J. P. Cutler Life, Jrnls. & Corr. M. Cutler (1888) II. 161 The Democrats are all engaged in the celebration of the Jubilee, on the possession of Louisiana.
1899 Daily News 27 Oct. 2/5 Witness said..he was an old sailor, and had a ‘jubilee’ once in three months.
5.
a. Exultant joy, general or public rejoicing, jubilation.In this and next sense often written jubile and in some cases pronounced jubil, after Latin jūbilum.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pleasure > joy, gladness, or delight > rejoicing or exultation > [noun]
mirthOE
gladdingc1000
man-dreamOE
gleea1200
joyingc1300
rejoyingc1350
gloryingc1384
joya1400
mirthinga1400
rejoicingc1400
exultationc1425
rejoice1445
joyousitiea1450
solation1483
festivitya1500
rejoicement1523
jubilee1526
joyance1590
insolence1595
exiliency1618
exilience1626
exultancy1632
ovation1649
exultance1650
exulting1744
jubilance1864
jubilancy1894
society > leisure > social event > festive occasion > [noun] > festivity
feast?c1225
feastinga1325
jubilee1526
festivity1583
gala1716
festiveness1777
party spirit1816
trouble1884
the mind > emotion > pleasure > joy, gladness, or delight > rejoicing or exultation > [noun] > jubilation or loud rejoicing
jubilation1388
jubilingc1450
jubilee1526
jubilate1796
jubilating1851
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. ZZZiii Fedeth them with ioye & iubile vnspekable.
1640 J. Shirley Coronation ii. sig. D3v The peoples joy to know us reconcild, Is added to the Iubile of the day.
1658 G. Starkey Natures Explic. 293 The Archeus..with the joy and jubile conceived upon its speedy help found..cheers up all its parts.
1823 W. Scott Peveril I. iii. 47 Was it for Peveril of the Peak, in the jubilee of his spirits, to consider how his wife was to find beef and mutton to feast his neighbours?
1843 W. H. Prescott Hist. Conquest Mexico III. vi. viii. 213 They..thought only of their triumph, and abandoned themselves to jubilee.
1899 E. J. Chapman Snake-witch in Drama Two Lives 29 Only the toad, on night like this..Comes forth in fearless jubilee.
b. Shouting; joyful shouting; sound of jubilation.
ΚΠ
a1530 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfeccyon (1531) iii. f. CCxiv God ascended..in great iubylee & glory [Vulg. Ps. xlvi. 6 ascendit Deus in jubilo].
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iii. 348 Heav'n rung With Jubilee, and loud Hosanna's fill'd Th' eternal Regions. View more context for this quotation
1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake v. 222 All along the crowded way Was jubilee and loud huzza.
1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 481 (Zeph. iii.) Singing or the unuttered unutterable jubilee of the heart.
c. An African-American folk-song of an optimistic and joyful kind, often having a religious basis; frequently attributive, esp. jubilee singer, jubilee song.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > vocal music > types of song > [noun] > folk-song > black
Jim Crow1832
plantation song1844
jubilee1872
slave song1881
calypso1900
kaiso1912
leggo1940
road march1951
soca1977
1872 N.Y. Tribune 17 Feb. 3/6 Unique Vocal Concert by the Jubilee Singers.
c1872 T. F. Seward (title) Jubilee songs as sung by the Jubilee Singers, of Fisk University.
1873 G. D. Pike Jubilee Singers 163 The excellent rendering of the Jubilee Band is made more effective..by the comparison of their former state of slavery..with the present prospects and hopes of their race.
1922 Jrnl. Amer. Folk-lore 35 248 Every Time I Feel the Spirit. This is one of the most thrilling of the later jubilee songs.
1946 S. H. Holbrook Lost Men Amer. Hist. 133 The Chautauqua offered no such strong meat as the Lyceum, but went in for bell ringers, jubilee singers, preachers..and assorted stuffed shirts.
1949 B. A. Botkin Treasury Southern Folklore v. i. 701 Besides his ‘jubilee’ and ‘sorrow songs’, the Negro has his ‘sinful’ songs.
1956 M. Stearns Story of Jazz (1957) xii. 133 The next step in this blending, which produced both ring~shout and spiritual, is the jubilee. Jubilees are both cheerful and rhythmic, usually announcing some sort of good news.
1961 J. Jahn in A. Dundes Mother Wit (1973) 99/1 The hymns of Christian European origin used by the missions are Africanized, producing jubilees.
1968 P. Oliver Screening Blues Introd. 7 Blues recordings accounted for nearly half the total output in the 'twenties whereas religious issues, including those by solo evangelists and jubilee groups, totalled only a fraction over a sixth of the number.
1968 P. Oliver Screening Blues ii. 81 The gospel, or jubilee, quartets performed all their songs in harmonized style which smoothed out the differences between the blues, popular and gospel song forms.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations, as jubilee-bonfire, jubilee-coin, jubilee-issue, jubilee-masquerade, jubilee-post-card, jubilee-procession, jubilee-tree, jubilee-trumpet, jubilee-type, jubilee-year, etc. (Often with special reference to sense 1, 2, or 3; in the last case esp. frequent in the last two decades of the 19th cent. in reference to the two ‘Jubilees’ of the reign of Queen Victoria in 1887 and 1897, the Jubilee of Penny Postage in 1890, the Swiss (25 years') Jubilee of the Postal Union in 1900, and other celebrations.)
ΚΠ
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Lev. xxv. 28 The bigger shal haue that he bouȝte, vnto the iubilee ȝeer.
1647 T. Fuller Good Thoughts in Worse Times i. xx. 45 Few [popes] had the happinesse to fill their Coffers with Iubilee-Coyne.
1749 H. Walpole Lett. (1846) II. 267 The next day was what was called ‘a jubilee-masquerade in the Venetian manner’ at Ranelagh.
1858 J. Doran Hist. Court Fools 59 The year 1480 was..the very jubilee year of German fools.
1887 Times 31 Dec. 9/1 The pleasant associations of the Jubilee year.
1891 Philat. Penny Postage Jubilee 117 The Jubilee celebrations..at the Guildhall..on May 16, 17 and 19 (1890).
1891 Philat. Penny Postage Jubilee 118 The Jubilee Post Office was more patronised than any other part of the Jubilee exhibition.
1893 Sir W. Harcourt in Daily News 15 Mar. 2/2 The designs for the new coins..were better than the Jubilee issue... Eighteen millions of the new gold coins issued were..of the Jubilee type.
1897 (title) Illustrated Programme of the Royal Jubilee Procession.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

jubileev.

Brit. /ˈdʒuːbᵻliː/, /ˌdʒuːbᵻˈliː/, U.S. /ˈdʒubəˌli/, /ˌdʒubəˈli/
Etymology: < jubilee n.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈjubilee.
1. intransitive. To celebrate a jubilee.Apparently an isolated use.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > memory > reminder, putting in mind > commemoration, remembrance > commemorate [verb (intransitive)]
to make memory ofa1325
to have (also make) meaning of (also on)a1400
to make meaninga1400
monea1400
jubilee1887
1887 Sc. Leader 4 July 4 Why did Irishmen not Jubilee?
2. transitive. To celebrate the jubilee of (a person).Apparently an isolated use.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > memory > reminder, putting in mind > commemoration, remembrance > commemorate [verb (transitive)]
mingOE
mina1200
remenec1400
remember?a1439
memorize1593
commemorize1628
commemoratea1638
embalma1674
monument1756
memorialize1798
anniversary1841
monumentalize1857
mark1871
obituarize1877
jubilee1887
1887 Pall Mall Gaz. 22 Jan. 3/1 Some officials who ‘jubileed’ their colleagues at a banquet.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1382v.1887
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