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单词 judicature
释义

judicaturen.

Brit. /ˈdʒuːdᵻkətʃə/, /dʒᵿˈdɪkətʃə/, U.S. /ˈdʒudəkəˌtʃʊr/, /ˈdʒudəkətʃər/, /ˈdʒudəˌkeɪtʃər/
Forms: 1500s iudicatoure, 1500s judycature, 1500s–1600s iudicature, 1600s– judicature; Scottish pre-1700 iudicator, pre-1700 iudicatour, pre-1700 judecatur, pre-1700 judicatour, pre-1700 judicature.
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French judicature; Latin judicatura.
Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman and Middle French, French (now rare) judicature office, profession, or function of a judge (1426), legal judgement (1468), common sense (1564; rare), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin judicatura judicial fee (12th cent.), office or jurisdiction of a judge (from 13th cent. in British and continental sources), judicial district (13th cent.), judicial decision, legal judgement (15th cent. in a British source) < classical Latin iūdicāt- , past participial stem of iūdicāre judge v. + -ūra -ure suffix1. Compare Spanish judicatura (early 15th cent.), Portuguese judicatura (1539).
1. The action of making or declaring a judgement in a court of law or the like; the administration of justice; judicial process.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > [noun]
jurisdictiona1300
justicec1325
justificationa1419
justicinga1460
law?a1513
judicature1530
judicatorya1583
justice business1649
justicement1685
the Hall1738
justice system1837
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 235/1 Judycature, jugement; sentence.
c1616 F. Bacon Advice to G. Villiers ii. §4 Sir, the honour of Iudges in their Iudicature is the King's honour, whose person they represent.
1651 T. Hobbes Philos. Rudim. xv. §17. 254 We have demonstratively shewed..that all Judicature belongs to the City, and that Judicature is nothing else but an Interpretation of the Laws.
1660 Exact Accompt Trial Regicides 52 It hath not power of Judicature of Life, and Death.
1747 Biographia Britannica I. 555 The King..re-established him in the same seat of judicature, as he was in before.
1799 J. Mackintosh Study Law Nature & Nations 36 All the improvements of mankind in police, in judicature, and in legislation.
1837 J. R. McCulloch Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire II. iv. vii. 386 The system of judicature in Ireland rests on the same principles as that of England, whence it was introduced by King John.
1898 Home Mission Monthly June 184/1 A presbytery is the body of pastors and laymen to which are referred all questions of local churches for judicature.
1938 J. A. R. Marriott This Realm of Eng. v. 61 An efficient system of judicature is a great thing.
1992 J. M. Kelly Short Hist. Western Legal Theory ii. 42 Justice was administered in a scheme of judicature contrasting strongly with modern patterns.
2. The office, function, or authority of a judge (in various senses); a judge's term of office. Also: the extent or range of jurisdiction of a judge or court (cf. jurisdiction n. 3).Quot. 1530 may instead show an earlier instance of judicator n.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal power > [noun] > extent or range of jurisdiction
jurisdictionc1380
powera1400
judicature1530
society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > judge > [noun] > office or function of
judicature1530
justiceship1542
judgeship1589
bench1689
society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > judge > [noun] > office or function of > term of office
judicature1656
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 34 A mynister of theyr common welth, outher as a capitayne, or in offyce of iudicatoure.
a1572 J. Leslie Negociation in Eng. (BL Lansdowne 231) f. 246 Therefore I did accept the office [of] Judicature of the diocesse of Aberdene.
1621 Abp. J. Williams in S. R. Gardiner Fortescue Papers (1871) 166 Whose reversions (even of places under my judicature) I use to seale dayly.
1645 Reasons of Dissenting Brethren against Presbyterial Govt. 41 It hath been the wisdome of States to keep and preserve the bounds and limits of their Judicatures evident, and distinct.
1656 A. Cowley Davideis iv. 148 (note) in Poems Granted, that the 40 years assigned by S. Paul (Acts 13. 20.) to Saul, are to include Samuels Judicature.
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Judicature, a Judge's Place, or Office.
1716 M. Davies Athenæ Britannicæ II. ii. 53 He was made a Judge, and eight and twenty Years after that he dy'd in his Judicature.
1790 R. Gray Key Old Test. & Apocrypha 157 The government of the Judges may be conceived to have continued..to the twenty-first year of Samuel's judicature.
1839 J. Bouvier Law Dict. U.S.A. I. 553/1 Judicature,..sometimes it is employed to show the extent of jurisdiction, as, the judicature is upon writs of error, &c.
1851 F. G. Hibbard Palestine xxix. 247 After Ehud, or during his judicature, it appears the Philistines made a sudden attempt upon the south-west border.
1868 Rep. & Coll. State Hist. Soc. Wisconsin 5 372 He turned over his judicature to his successor, and retired to private life.
1875 H. J. S. Maine Lect. Early Hist. Inst. iv. 111 If the property be acquired by judicature or poetry, or any profession whatever.
1919 Tercentenary New Eng. Families (Amer. Hist. Soc.) 1 The legal securities of the people were greatly advanced during the reign of Henry III by the restriction of the judicature of the ecclesiastic tribunals.
1960 R. Bolt Man for All Seasons ii. 53 I have evidence that Sir Thomas, during the period of his judicature, accepted bribes.
2008 R. Hitchcock Mozarabs in Medieval & Early Mod. Spain iii. 33 It is appropriate to refer..to the judge whose judicature corresponded to the period when the Christians were disturbing the status quo.
3. A body of judges or persons having judicial authority; a court of justice; a legal tribunal, or such tribunals collectively; the judiciary.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > [noun]
court1297
justicec1300
benchc1325
consistoryc1386
King's Courtc1400
open court?1456
justiciary1486
justry1489
seat1560
civil court1567
tribunal1590
judicatory1593
judicature1593
law-court1619
judiciary1623
jurisdiction1765
forum1848
1593 Lawes & Acts Parl. Scotl. (1597) [Acts Jas. VI] f. 133 The saidis Assemblies and judicatoures [of the Kirk] sall direct their Bedle to the persone or personnes disobedient.
1644 T. Edwards Antapologia sig. A2 If the Judicature will give time, and grant Warrants to bring in the witnesses that they may be deposed.
1659 J. Evelyn Char. Eng. 65 I was curious before my returne..to visite their Judicatures.
1773 H. Mackenzie Man of World II. 44 Some justices of the peace, who made part of the judicature before whom the poor woman's husband was brought.
1796 Bp. R. Watson Apol. for Bible 257 If the witnesses of the resurrection had been examined before any judicature.
1830 E. E. Crowe Hist. France I. vi. 201 This new resolve of the judicature was made known to the monarch in February, 1518.
1863 H. Cox Inst. Eng. Govt. ii. ii. 299 The essential attribute of the judicature is the power of authoritatively interpreting the laws.
1908 B. K. Long Framework of Union ii. x. 142 In considering how far the principles thus stated are applicable to the Central Judicature of a Union of British Colonies, [etc.].
1955 G. P. Chapman Dreyfus Case v. 107 He had been the victim of a campaign of obloquy against the Army, the judicature and himself personally.
2004 Africa News (Nexis) 1 Dec. In carrying out its constitutional functions the executive is..subject to the oversight of both Parliament and the judicature.
4. Mental judgement; the formation or authoritative expression of opinion; assessment, appraisal. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > belief > expressed belief, opinion > [noun]
weenc888
doomc900
advicec1300
wonec1300
opiniona1325
sentence1340
sight1362
estimationc1374
witc1374
assent1377
judgementa1393
supposinga1393
mindc1400
reputationc1400
feelingc1425
suffrage1531
counta1535
existimation1535
consent1599
vote1606
deem1609
repute1610
judicaturea1631
estimate1637
measure1650
sentiment1675
account1703
sensation1795
think1835
a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1958) IX. 121 I proceed the right way in Judicature, I judge..according to my evidence.
1685 C. Cotton tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. III. ii. 32 I have my Laws and my Judicature to judge of my self, and apply my self more to those than any other Rules.
1738 Gentleman's Mag. Oct. 508/1 The Judicature of the Pit had been acknowledg'd and acquiesc'd to, from Time immemorial, in Matters relating to the Stage.
1758 S. Johnson Idler 12 Aug. 145 If he seats himself uncalled in the chair of Judicature.
5. The quality of being subject to or regulated by secular justice (as opposed to moral evaluation). Cf. judicial adj. 2. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > [noun] > quality of being subject to
judicature1643
justiciability1815
1643 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce 31 Our Saviour disputes not heer the judicature, for that was not his office, but the morality of divorce, whether it be adultery or no.

Phrases

court of judicature n. a court of law or justice.Also with modifying word specifying the level of the court, as high, superior, etc. Supreme Court of Judicature: see supreme adj. and n. Phrases 1.
ΚΠ
a1624 Bp. M. Smith Serm. (1632) 226 Any Court of Iudicature is holden by the Kings authority.
1627 R. S. tr. V. Cepari Life Gonzaga iii. ii. 419 Although euen the single testimony of one Cardinal..be of it selfe in the Roman Court of Iudicature of sufficient authority and credit, [etc.].
1676 G. Towerson Explic. Decalogue 486 The manner of the Jews procedure in their several courts of judicature.
1735 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1851) IV. 31 As well in the Court of Chancery as in the other Courts of Judicature.
1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 257 He [sc. the king] therefore has alone the right of erecting courts of judicature.
1819 H. Wheaton Rep. Supreme Court U.S. 4 625 The Superior Court of Judicature of New Hampshire rendered a judgment upon this verdict.
1875 E. Poste in tr. Gaius Institutionum Iuris Civilis (ed. 2) iii. Comm. 360 A Contract is a convention or agreement..enforceable by appeal to a court of judicature.
1909 C. H. Firth Last Years of Protectorate I. iii. 91 The Commons had been obliged to abandon their claim to be a court of judicature.
1963 Speculum 38 308 Administrative business was commonly transacted under judicial forms and before courts that were also courts of judicature.
2003 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 31 Dec. 31 The case..was lodged in the High Court of Judicature for Rajasthan in Jodhpur in October.

Compounds

Judicature Act n. (a name given to) a legislative act concerned with the administration of justice; spec. each of a series of statutes establishing the Supreme Court of Judicature in England and Wales, and regulating its practice (usually in plural).The Judicature Acts include most notably Act 36 & 37 Vict. c. 66 (1873) and Act 38 & 39 Vict. c. 77 (1875); a number of amending acts followed in subsequent years.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > types of laws > [noun] > legal or administrative
Ragmanc1400
Statute of Sewers1571
Poynings' Act1613
Poynings' Law1622
Statute of Limitations1641
Act (or Bill) of Indemnity1647
new tables1664
Habeas Corpus Act1705
Judicature Act1782
continuance act1863
stay-law1880
ripper1885
reception statute1931
thirty-year rule1966
sunshine law1968
1782 1st Rep. Sel. Comm. Bengal, Bahar & Orissa 13 Being asked, If the Chairman of the East India Company knew of the Transmission of the Judicature Act, by the dispatch of the 3d of August? He said, He certainly knew it.
1826 Aberdeen Jrnl. 1 Feb. Under the new Judicature Act, all Bills of Advocation must at once be passed.
1873 Sat. Rev. 9 Aug. 163 The Queen confidently expects that we shall thank God..for the Budget, the Judicature Act, the Education and Endowed Schools Amendment Acts.
1883 Wharton's Law-lexicon (ed. 7) 801/2 The Supreme Court of Judicature Acts, 1873 and 1875..are commonly referred to as ‘The Judicature Acts’.
1906 Daily Chron. 22 Aug. 4/6 Some quaint local courts which have survived innumerable Judicature Acts, such as the Tolzey Court of Bristol and the Court of Passage at Liverpool.
1970 National Assembly Official Rep. (Republic of Kenya) 20 i. 963 The civil law of defamation in Kenya is by virtue of section 3 of the Judicature Act, 1967, the law enforced in that respect on August 12th, 1897.
2007 Univ. Chicago Law Rev. 74 1209 The [English] Judicature Act of 1873 abolished the three common law courts and combined them into one High Court.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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