kanatn.¹

Brit.

/kəˈnɑːt/, U.S.

/kəˈnɑt/,

/kəˈnæt/

Forms: 1600s canatt, 1600s cannatt, 1600s kanates (plural), 1600s–1700s canat, 1700s–1800s canaut, 1800s connaut, 1800s kanat, 1800s kanaut, 1800s kinnaut, 1900s– kanate (rare).

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Urdu. Partly a borrowing from Persian. Etymons: Urdu qanāt; Persian qanāt.

Etymology: < (i) Urdu qanāt, and its etymon (ii) Persian qanāt, probably a transferred use of qanāt cane ( < Arabic qanāt shaft, cane, tube, water channel (compare kanat n.²), of uncertain origin), on account of such screens being supported by canes (compare quot. 1625).

South Asian.

A large piece of canvas or other thick fabric forming the sidewall of a tent or enclosure or (in later use esp.) used with supports to form a makeshift screen.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > tent > [noun] > side

kanat1616

1616 T. Roe Jrnl. 2 Nov. in Embassy to Court Great Mogul (1899) II. 325 His tentes..were walled in..in forme of a fort..with high Cannattes of a Course stuff made like arras, red on the outsyde.

1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes II. ix. vi. 1481 The Kings Tents..incircled with Canats (made of red Calico stiffened with Canes at euery breadth, standing vpright about nine foot high).

1726 T. Salmon Mod. Hist. (new ed.) III. x. 165 The Emperor's Quarter..is surrounded with Canats about ten Foot high.

1793 A. Dirom Narr. Campaign in India iii. i. 230 The canaut of canvas..was painted of a beautiful sea-green colour.

1801 Asiatic Ann. Reg. 1800 Misc. Tracts 59/1 The seat was surrounded by a kinnaut, or tent wall.

1827 Oriental Herald Sept. 584 There was a small awning in front of the tent, and three sides of the garden were enclosed with red kanats.

1907 Times of India 29 Oct. 3/3 (advt.) 2 Double Pole Tents..complete with Kanats, Purdahs, Durries, ropes,..and every other requisite.

1992 Christie's Internat. Mag. June 20/3 Highlights included..a Moghul velvet floorspread..and a Moghul kanat.

2009 Hindustan Times (Nexis) 9 June This monsoon, the MCD [= Municipal Corporation of Delhi] is planning to put up 362 tents and 1,086 kanats.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

kanatn.²

/kaˈnɑːt/

Forms: Also kanát, kanaut, etc.; qanat.

Etymology: Persian, < Arabic ḳanāt.

A gently sloping underground channel or tunnel, usually spec. (in Iran) leading water from the interior of a hill to a village in the valley below, and provided at regular intervals with a series of vertical shafts communicating with the surface of the ground to assist in its construction and maintenance.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun] > channel for conveyance of water > underground

under-conduct1624

kanat1855

1855 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 11 i. 252 Subterraneous canals called Konáts, for irrigation derived from the river, have been cut by Persian perseverance for miles through the gravel at a great depth below the surface. Their course is traceable by the heaps of pebbles thrown out at regular intervals through walls.

1861 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 31 37 By means of a subterranean passage—the excavated earth being thrown up, forming these cannauts..—water is brought sometimes 5 and 6 miles across the plain.

1865 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 35 180 The Afladj is not a province of itself, but, as its name denotes, is that portion of Dowasser which is watered by kanaats, or underground waterducts.

1874 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 44 185 For irrigation the plains and valleys depend on the mountains, and at the base of these are ‘kanats’, or underground channels.

1894 G. M. L. Bell Safar Nameh: Persian Pictures 81 A kanat which is carrying water to many gardens.

1902 P. M. Sykes Ten Thousand Miles in Persia iv. 44 A heavy shower or a sandstorm frequently choking up the kanát.

1902 Earl of Ronaldshay Sport & Politics under Eastern Sky 364 Our road took us along the karez or kanat which brought water from the mountains at the head of the plain.

1944 G. C. Thompson Tombs & Moon Temple of Hureidha 10 The Persian qanat, for instance, is seen on the coast, and in the Yemen.

1953 A. Smith Blind White Fish in Persia i. 19 Shortly after the collection of facts had begun, we learnt of the qanats. It was written that there were 100,000 miles of them in Persia, that they were artificial underground water channels and that the deepest was over 1,000 feet.

1953 A. Smith Blind White Fish in Persia iii. 55 As with birds before an island, the qanat wells warned you of the approach of a town.

1958 A. Toynbee East to West lix. 176 One sees line upon line of qanat-made molehills.

1966 P. English City & Village in Iran i. 19 By the sixth century b.c.,..qanat technology was known on the Central Plateau.

1966 P. English City & Village in Iran iii. 50 The qanat-watered towns and villages on the slopes of the Kuhi Jupar.

1968 Encycl. Brit. X. 949 Teheran and Marrakesh are among the many modern cities whose water is supplied by kanats.

1976 Apollo Apr. 302/3 Seen from the air, the ventilating shafts of these qanats punctuate the buff-coloured plains like perforations in paper.

1976 Times 17 Aug. 11/6 If the underground water resources of a semi-arid region are so immense that they can keep the ‘qanats’ running for the whole year then the unexploited ground-water resources of the British Isles must be incalculable.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

单词	kanat
释义	kanatn.¹ Brit. /kəˈnɑːt/, U.S. /kəˈnɑt/, /kəˈnæt/ Forms: 1600s canatt, 1600s cannatt, 1600s kanates (plural), 1600s–1700s canat, 1700s–1800s canaut, 1800s connaut, 1800s kanat, 1800s kanaut, 1800s kinnaut, 1900s– kanate (rare). Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Urdu. Partly a borrowing from Persian. Etymons: Urdu qanāt; Persian qanāt. Etymology: < (i) Urdu qanāt, and its etymon (ii) Persian qanāt, probably a transferred use of qanāt cane ( < Arabic qanāt shaft, cane, tube, water channel (compare kanat n.²), of uncertain origin), on account of such screens being supported by canes (compare quot. 1625). South Asian. A large piece of canvas or other thick fabric forming the sidewall of a tent or enclosure or (in later use esp.) used with supports to form a makeshift screen. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > tent > [noun] > side kanat1616 1616 T. Roe Jrnl. 2 Nov. in Embassy to Court Great Mogul (1899) II. 325 His tentes..were walled in..in forme of a fort..with high Cannattes of a Course stuff made like arras, red on the outsyde. 1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes II. ix. vi. 1481 The Kings Tents..incircled with Canats (made of red Calico stiffened with Canes at euery breadth, standing vpright about nine foot high). 1726 T. Salmon Mod. Hist. (new ed.) III. x. 165 The Emperor's Quarter..is surrounded with Canats about ten Foot high. 1793 A. Dirom Narr. Campaign in India iii. i. 230 The canaut of canvas..was painted of a beautiful sea-green colour. 1801 Asiatic Ann. Reg. 1800 Misc. Tracts 59/1 The seat was surrounded by a kinnaut, or tent wall. 1827 Oriental Herald Sept. 584 There was a small awning in front of the tent, and three sides of the garden were enclosed with red kanats. 1907 Times of India 29 Oct. 3/3 (advt.) 2 Double Pole Tents..complete with Kanats, Purdahs, Durries, ropes,..and every other requisite. 1992 Christie's Internat. Mag. June 20/3 Highlights included..a Moghul velvet floorspread..and a Moghul kanat. 2009 Hindustan Times (Nexis) 9 June This monsoon, the MCD [= Municipal Corporation of Delhi] is planning to put up 362 tents and 1,086 kanats. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022). kanatn.² /kaˈnɑːt/ Forms: Also kanát, kanaut, etc.; qanat. Etymology: Persian, < Arabic ḳanāt. A gently sloping underground channel or tunnel, usually spec. (in Iran) leading water from the interior of a hill to a village in the valley below, and provided at regular intervals with a series of vertical shafts communicating with the surface of the ground to assist in its construction and maintenance. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun] > channel for conveyance of water > underground under-conduct1624 kanat1855 1855 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 11 i. 252 Subterraneous canals called Konáts, for irrigation derived from the river, have been cut by Persian perseverance for miles through the gravel at a great depth below the surface. Their course is traceable by the heaps of pebbles thrown out at regular intervals through walls. 1861 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 31 37 By means of a subterranean passage—the excavated earth being thrown up, forming these cannauts..—water is brought sometimes 5 and 6 miles across the plain. 1865 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 35 180 The Afladj is not a province of itself, but, as its name denotes, is that portion of Dowasser which is watered by kanaats, or underground waterducts. 1874 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 44 185 For irrigation the plains and valleys depend on the mountains, and at the base of these are ‘kanats’, or underground channels. 1894 G. M. L. Bell Safar Nameh: Persian Pictures 81 A kanat which is carrying water to many gardens. 1902 P. M. Sykes Ten Thousand Miles in Persia iv. 44 A heavy shower or a sandstorm frequently choking up the kanát. 1902 Earl of Ronaldshay Sport & Politics under Eastern Sky 364 Our road took us along the karez or kanat which brought water from the mountains at the head of the plain. 1944 G. C. Thompson Tombs & Moon Temple of Hureidha 10 The Persian qanat, for instance, is seen on the coast, and in the Yemen. 1953 A. Smith Blind White Fish in Persia i. 19 Shortly after the collection of facts had begun, we learnt of the qanats. It was written that there were 100,000 miles of them in Persia, that they were artificial underground water channels and that the deepest was over 1,000 feet. 1953 A. Smith Blind White Fish in Persia iii. 55 As with birds before an island, the qanat wells warned you of the approach of a town. 1958 A. Toynbee East to West lix. 176 One sees line upon line of qanat-made molehills. 1966 P. English City & Village in Iran i. 19 By the sixth century b.c.,..qanat technology was known on the Central Plateau. 1966 P. English City & Village in Iran iii. 50 The qanat-watered towns and villages on the slopes of the Kuhi Jupar. 1968 Encycl. Brit. X. 949 Teheran and Marrakesh are among the many modern cities whose water is supplied by kanats. 1976 Apollo Apr. 302/3 Seen from the air, the ventilating shafts of these qanats punctuate the buff-coloured plains like perforations in paper. 1976 Times 17 Aug. 11/6 If the underground water resources of a semi-arid region are so immense that they can keep the ‘qanats’ running for the whole year then the unexploited ground-water resources of the British Isles must be incalculable. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online June 2018). < n.¹1616n.²1855
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