assimilationn.

/əˌsɪmɪˈleɪʃən/

Forms: Also 1600s–1700s -ulation.

Etymology: probably < French assimilation, < Latin assimilātiōn-em , noun of action < assimilāre to assimilate v.; but it may have been taken directly from the Latin.

a. The action of making or becoming like; the state of being like; similarity, resemblance, likeness.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [noun]

anlikenessOE

ylikenessOE

likenessa1250

likeliheada1393

resemblancea1393

likeliness?a1425

similitudec1425

semblingc1440

alikenessc1450

assemblance1485

agreement1495

likelihood1495

agreeance1525

analogy1542

simility1543

semblablenessc1550

semblance1576

nearness1577

vicinity1594

simile1604

assimilation1605

consimilitude1610

parity1612

bly1615

similarity1615

connaturality1621

similiancy1622

connaturalnessa1628

reasemblance1638

consimilarity1658

similariness1669

similarness1670

consimility1680

kindredship1733

family likeness1759

family resemblance1785

cognateness1816

feel1892

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [noun] > chemical reactions or processes (named) > miscellaneous other processes

redintegrationa1550

decoction1555

fixion1555

cementation1592

fumigation1617

spiritualization1651

retortion1657

rocking1673

phosphorizationa1687

concentration1689

humectation1706

animalization1733

hyperoxygenation1793

bituminization1804

assimilation1830

metamorphosis1843

transformation1857

retorting1858

tincturation1860

regeneration1869

nitrification1880

diagenesis1886

aluminothermy1900

aluminothermics1902

photoprocess1910

olation1931

mass transfer1937

reconcentration1956

tritiation1961

borohydride reduction1965

1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke i. xv. 74 The elimentary or nourishing humour of life..is called the assimilation or resemblance of the nourishment and nourished.

1656 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. II. v. 57 Wisdom,..is nothing else but an assimilation to the Deity.

1830 J. F. W. Herschel Prelim. Disc. Study Nat. Philos. 302 The assimilation of gases and vapours.

1865 J. Lubbock Prehist. Times vii. 233 Ten times fifty years must elapse before their complete assimilation can be effected.

b. Philology. The action of assimilating or fact of being assimilated: see assimilate v. 1d.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > sound changes > [noun] > assimilation

accommodation1841

assimilation1850

regressive assimilation?1862

progressive assimilation1872

reciprocal assimilation1885

1850 Proc. Philol. Soc. 4 89 The law for the assimilation of vowels..will account for the introduction of an o in biodh-mur,..before the u of the final syllable.

1871 B. H. Kennedy Public School Lat. Gram. 18 Complete Assimilation occurs, when, of two meeting Consonants, the former becomes the same as the latter.

1885 A. S. Cook tr. E. Sievers Old Eng. Gram. §86. 38 A partial assimilation of the basic vowel to the following sound.

1936 Language 12 246 An assimilation is produced by the replacement of some phoneme or phonemes by other phoneme or phonemes shortly to be uttered.

2. The becoming conformed to; conformity with. archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > adaptation or adjustment > [noun] > in order to conform > becoming conformed

conforminga1340

assimilationa1676

a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) ii. vii. 197 If they escape a total Assimulation to the Country where they thus are mingled.

1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. 75 In assimilation with all, M. Macquer thinks that, etc.

3. The action of likening, comparison.

a. Conversion into a similar substance; esp. the process whereby an animal or plant converts extraneous material into fluids and tissues identical with its own; absorption of nutriment into the system. (By some physiologists restricted to the final stage of this conversion, which takes place after the absorption of digested fluids by the lymphatics and blood vessels.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > absorption or assimilation (of a substance, etc.) > [noun]

attraction?a1425

likening?a1425

assimilation1626

insumption1676

absorption1737

intussusception1765

introsusception1816

inceptiona1849

uptake1931

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §877 Frictions..make better Passages for the Spirits, Bloud, and Aliments..All which help Assimulation.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) Such Assimilation we see in Flame, which converts..a Fuel into its own fiery and luminous Nature.

1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 144/1 Assimilation..is the ultimate term of nutrition.

1880 A. Gray Bot. Text-bk. (ed. 6) iii. §4. 85 Vegetable assimilation..being the conversion of inorganic into organic matter, takes place in all ordinary vegetation only in green parts.

b. figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > adaptation or adjustment > [noun] > in order to conform

conformation1534

accordment1783

assimilation1790

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > incorporation or inclusion > assimilation or absorption > [noun]

suppinga1400

accretion1633

absorption1659

absorbitiona1682

intussusception1707

assimilating1781

assimilation1790

swallowing1816

submergence1826

introsusceptiona1834

merging1836

mergence1865

osmosis1930

recuperation1967

1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 114 Which, by a bland assimilation, incorporated into politics the sentiments which beautify and soften private society.

1871 E. A. Freeman Hist. Ess. 1st Ser. i. 36 The first Teutonic settlement involved, whether by extirpation or assimilation, the..driving out of the earlier British.

†5. Pathology. The supposed conversion of the fluids of the body to the nature of any morbific matter. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > suppuration > [noun]

festeringa1400

maturation?a1425

rankling?a1425

suppuration?a1425

whealingc1440

mattering?c1450

rancouring1567

suppurating1589

resolution1598

empyema1655

pyosis1684

pyogenesis1848

assimilation1864

1864 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. (citing Parr).

1881 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Assimilation destructive, a term formerly used to express what is known now as Metabolism.

6. Psychology. The process whereby the individual acquires new ideas, by interpreting presented ideas and experiences in relation to the existing contents of his or her mind. Used with some manner of qualification or specification by various writers.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > developmental psychology > acquisition of knowledge > [noun]

assimilation1855

learning1897

noegenesis1923

the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > comparison > [noun] > representing as similar

comparison1340

likeningc1390

comparing1489

equiparation1623

analogy1645

assimilating1781

admeasurement1819

assimilation1855

1855 H. Spencer Princ. Psychol. ii. xvii. 285 The act of perception is the establishment of a relation of likeness between the particular relation or group of relations contemplated, and some past relations or groups of relations—the assimilation of it to past relations or groups of relations.

1873 G. H. Lewes Probl. Life & Mind 190 Since interpretation means mental assimilation, the significance of the phenomena must depend upon the pre-perceptions and pre-conceptions which they arouse.

1896 G. F. Stout Analytic Psychol. II. 118 Assimilation there must always be, inasmuch as the existence of a given experience coincides with the re-excitement of some preformed disposition.

1897 C. H. Judd tr. W. M. Wundt Outl. Psychol. 227 Assimilations, or associations between the elements of like compounds.

1897 C. H. Judd tr. W. M. Wundt Outl. Psychol. 228 Assimilations are a form of association that is continually met with, especially in the case of intensive and spacial ideas.

1923 W. McDougall Outl. Psychol. 397 By some psychologists who followed Locke's way of ‘ideas’, yet saw that ‘ideas’ cannot be generated by association alone..assimilation was made the fundamental mode of growth.

7. Geology. The absorption of extraneous matter by an igneous magma.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > metamorphism > [noun] > magmatism

plutonism1879

piezo-crystallization1895

assimilation1903

palingenesis1907

syntexis1911

rheomorphism1937

magmatism1952

1903 R. A. Daly in Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 15 270 The ‘marginal assimilation’ theory of plutonic intrusion..a hypothesis of slow caustic action by magmas that have advanced into the overlying earth-crust by their own energetic solvent action.

1909 A. Harker Nat. Hist. Igneous Rocks iii. 83 On the assimilation hypothesis, still supported by some French geologists, an igneous rock-magma is supposed to be capable of melting and incorporating freely the solid rocks which it encounters.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	assimilation
释义	assimilationn. /əˌsɪmɪˈleɪʃən/ Forms: Also 1600s–1700s -ulation. Etymology: probably < French assimilation, < Latin assimilātiōn-em , noun of action < assimilāre to assimilate v.; but it may have been taken directly from the Latin. 1. a. The action of making or becoming like; the state of being like; similarity, resemblance, likeness. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [noun] anlikenessOE ylikenessOE likenessa1250 likeliheada1393 resemblancea1393 likeliness?a1425 similitudec1425 semblingc1440 alikenessc1450 assemblance1485 agreement1495 likelihood1495 agreeance1525 analogy1542 simility1543 semblablenessc1550 semblance1576 nearness1577 vicinity1594 simile1604 assimilation1605 consimilitude1610 parity1612 bly1615 similarity1615 connaturality1621 similiancy1622 connaturalnessa1628 reasemblance1638 consimilarity1658 similariness1669 similarness1670 consimility1680 kindredship1733 family likeness1759 family resemblance1785 cognateness1816 feel1892 the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [noun] > chemical reactions or processes (named) > miscellaneous other processes redintegrationa1550 decoction1555 fixion1555 cementation1592 fumigation1617 spiritualization1651 retortion1657 rocking1673 phosphorizationa1687 concentration1689 humectation1706 animalization1733 hyperoxygenation1793 bituminization1804 assimilation1830 metamorphosis1843 transformation1857 retorting1858 tincturation1860 regeneration1869 nitrification1880 diagenesis1886 aluminothermy1900 aluminothermics1902 photoprocess1910 olation1931 mass transfer1937 reconcentration1956 tritiation1961 borohydride reduction1965 1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke i. xv. 74 The elimentary or nourishing humour of life..is called the assimilation or resemblance of the nourishment and nourished. 1656 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. II. v. 57 Wisdom,..is nothing else but an assimilation to the Deity. 1830 J. F. W. Herschel Prelim. Disc. Study Nat. Philos. 302 The assimilation of gases and vapours. 1865 J. Lubbock Prehist. Times vii. 233 Ten times fifty years must elapse before their complete assimilation can be effected. b. Philology. The action of assimilating or fact of being assimilated: see assimilate v. 1d. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > sound changes > [noun] > assimilation accommodation1841 assimilation1850 regressive assimilation?1862 progressive assimilation1872 reciprocal assimilation1885 1850 Proc. Philol. Soc. 4 89 The law for the assimilation of vowels..will account for the introduction of an o in biodh-mur,..before the u of the final syllable. 1871 B. H. Kennedy Public School Lat. Gram. 18 Complete Assimilation occurs, when, of two meeting Consonants, the former becomes the same as the latter. 1885 A. S. Cook tr. E. Sievers Old Eng. Gram. §86. 38 A partial assimilation of the basic vowel to the following sound. 1936 Language 12 246 An assimilation is produced by the replacement of some phoneme or phonemes by other phoneme or phonemes shortly to be uttered. 2. The becoming conformed to; conformity with. archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > adaptation or adjustment > [noun] > in order to conform > becoming conformed conforminga1340 assimilationa1676 a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) ii. vii. 197 If they escape a total Assimulation to the Country where they thus are mingled. 1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. 75 In assimilation with all, M. Macquer thinks that, etc. 3. The action of likening, comparison. 4. a. Conversion into a similar substance; esp. the process whereby an animal or plant converts extraneous material into fluids and tissues identical with its own; absorption of nutriment into the system. (By some physiologists restricted to the final stage of this conversion, which takes place after the absorption of digested fluids by the lymphatics and blood vessels.) ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > absorption or assimilation (of a substance, etc.) > [noun] attraction?a1425 likening?a1425 assimilation1626 insumption1676 absorption1737 intussusception1765 introsusception1816 inceptiona1849 uptake1931 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §877 Frictions..make better Passages for the Spirits, Bloud, and Aliments..All which help Assimulation. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) Such Assimilation we see in Flame, which converts..a Fuel into its own fiery and luminous Nature. 1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 144/1 Assimilation..is the ultimate term of nutrition. 1880 A. Gray Bot. Text-bk. (ed. 6) iii. §4. 85 Vegetable assimilation..being the conversion of inorganic into organic matter, takes place in all ordinary vegetation only in green parts. b. figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > adaptation or adjustment > [noun] > in order to conform conformation1534 accordment1783 assimilation1790 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > incorporation or inclusion > assimilation or absorption > [noun] suppinga1400 accretion1633 absorption1659 absorbitiona1682 intussusception1707 assimilating1781 assimilation1790 swallowing1816 submergence1826 introsusceptiona1834 merging1836 mergence1865 osmosis1930 recuperation1967 1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 114 Which, by a bland assimilation, incorporated into politics the sentiments which beautify and soften private society. View more context for this quotation 1871 E. A. Freeman Hist. Ess. 1st Ser. i. 36 The first Teutonic settlement involved, whether by extirpation or assimilation, the..driving out of the earlier British. †5. Pathology. The supposed conversion of the fluids of the body to the nature of any morbific matter. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > suppuration > [noun] festeringa1400 maturation?a1425 rankling?a1425 suppuration?a1425 whealingc1440 mattering?c1450 rancouring1567 suppurating1589 resolution1598 empyema1655 pyosis1684 pyogenesis1848 assimilation1864 1864 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. (citing Parr). 1881 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Assimilation destructive, a term formerly used to express what is known now as Metabolism. 6. Psychology. The process whereby the individual acquires new ideas, by interpreting presented ideas and experiences in relation to the existing contents of his or her mind. Used with some manner of qualification or specification by various writers. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > developmental psychology > acquisition of knowledge > [noun] assimilation1855 learning1897 noegenesis1923 the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > comparison > [noun] > representing as similar comparison1340 likeningc1390 comparing1489 equiparation1623 analogy1645 assimilating1781 admeasurement1819 assimilation1855 1855 H. Spencer Princ. Psychol. ii. xvii. 285 The act of perception is the establishment of a relation of likeness between the particular relation or group of relations contemplated, and some past relations or groups of relations—the assimilation of it to past relations or groups of relations. 1873 G. H. Lewes Probl. Life & Mind 190 Since interpretation means mental assimilation, the significance of the phenomena must depend upon the pre-perceptions and pre-conceptions which they arouse. 1896 G. F. Stout Analytic Psychol. II. 118 Assimilation there must always be, inasmuch as the existence of a given experience coincides with the re-excitement of some preformed disposition. 1897 C. H. Judd tr. W. M. Wundt Outl. Psychol. 227 Assimilations, or associations between the elements of like compounds. 1897 C. H. Judd tr. W. M. Wundt Outl. Psychol. 228 Assimilations are a form of association that is continually met with, especially in the case of intensive and spacial ideas. 1923 W. McDougall Outl. Psychol. 397 By some psychologists who followed Locke's way of ‘ideas’, yet saw that ‘ideas’ cannot be generated by association alone..assimilation was made the fundamental mode of growth. 7. Geology. The absorption of extraneous matter by an igneous magma. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > metamorphism > [noun] > magmatism plutonism1879 piezo-crystallization1895 assimilation1903 palingenesis1907 syntexis1911 rheomorphism1937 magmatism1952 1903 R. A. Daly in Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 15 270 The ‘marginal assimilation’ theory of plutonic intrusion..a hypothesis of slow caustic action by magmas that have advanced into the overlying earth-crust by their own energetic solvent action. 1909 A. Harker Nat. Hist. Igneous Rocks iii. 83 On the assimilation hypothesis, still supported by some French geologists, an igneous rock-magma is supposed to be capable of melting and incorporating freely the solid rocks which it encounters. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1605
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