Karoon.

Brit.

/kəˈruː/, U.S.

/kəˈru/

Forms: Also 1700s Karo, 1800s Karro, Karroo. Also with lower-case initial.

Etymology: Of Khoekhoe origin; but the precise etymology is uncertain. According to Lichtenstein (1811) and Burchell (1822), karoo or karro is a Khoekhoe (Nama) adjective meaning ‘hard’, but later authorities give for this ˈkarusa (Tindall 1857) or ˈgarosa (Kroenlein 1889), while the modern Khoekhoe name for the karroo is said to be toró (Kroenlein). Garo ‘desert’, has also been suggested as a possible source. Lichtenstein and Burchell may have wrongly identified toró or garo with the adjective meaning ‘hard’. (See J. Platt, in Notes & Queries 9th s. IV. 105; Athenæum 19 May, 1900.) The earlier spellings indicate a pronunciation /kəˈroː/; it is not clear whether /kəˈruː/ is a phonetic development of this or due to the influence of Dutch orthography.

A semi-desert region of central South Africa, consisting of extensive elevated plateaus, with a clayey soil, which during the dry season are waterless and arid.The Karoo is divided into the Little Karoo (to the south) and the Great Karoo (to the north). Extending over the inland areas of the Western and Eastern Cape provinces, the southern part of the Northern Cape, and the western Free State, the Karoo covers an area of approx. 400,000 square kilometers.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > level land > [noun] > plateau > in specific country

paramo1760

Karoo1789

park1808

causse1827

fjeld1860

highveld1873

jol1904

meseta1904

scabland1923

1789 W. Paterson Narr. Four Journeys Country of Hottentots 44 Next day we proceeded through what the Dutch call Karo, an extensive plain.

1812 A. Plumptre tr. H. Lichtenstein Trav. S. Afr. I. 112 The Great Karroo, as it is called, a parched and arid plain.

1822 W. J. Burchell Trav. Interior S. Afr. I. 207 A range of mountains..separates the great Karro from the inhabited parts of the colony.

1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. v. 104 Rhinoceroses and elephants [roaming] over the Karros of Southern Africa.

1847 Nat. Encycl. I. 256 The karoos in the dry season are almost as barren as the wastes of the Sahara.

1880 Handbk. S. Afr. (S. W. Silver & Co.) (ed. 3) 155 Grasses and herbage found on the..Veldts and the Karroo.

Compounds

C1. attributive, as Karoo bush, Karoo country, Karoo desert, Karoo shrub.

ΚΠ

1842 R. Moffat Missionary Labours & Scenes S. Afr. i. 17 The Karroo country..is a parched and arid plain.

1885 H. R. Haggard King Solomon's Mines v. 64 The waterless desert covered with a species of karoo shrub.

C2.

Karoo beds n. (also Karoo formation) an important South African series of rocks, of Triassic age, chiefly sandstone mixed with volcanic matter.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > age or period > stratigraphic units > [noun] > secondary or Mesozoic > Triassic > specific

red marl1625

Muschelkalk1824

poecilite1832

keuper1844

bunter1874

Karoo beds1876

1876 Encycl. Brit. V. 42/1 The ‘Karroo beds’..are believed from the abundance of fossil wood and fresh-water shells to be of lacustrine origin.

1886 H. C. Lewis Papers on Diamond (1897) 7 The diamond-bearing pipes [at Kimberley] penetrate strata of Triassic age which are known as the Karoo beds.

1886 H. C. Lewis Papers on Diamond (1897) 7 The Kimberley shales belong to the lower Karoo formation.

Karoo ground n. a yellowish iron-clay.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > clay > [noun] > other clays

red clayc1475

urry1669

blae1724

cat-dirt1747

iron clay1750

till1762

mulatto clay1788

oak-tree clay1794

porcelain jasper1794

porcellanite1794

Karoo ground1836

plinthite1836

papa1851

Bradford clay1858

Indianaite1868

sinopite1868

hydrobiotite1881

pampas-clay1885

byon1892

potato clay1896

bentonite1898

quick clay1901

gumbotil1916

1836 Penny Cycl. VI. 257/2 The Great Karroo is one of the most barren and desolate spots imaginable... The soil is a sand mixed with clay containing particles of iron, which gives it a yellowish colour: all soil of a similar colour in other parts of the Colony is called by the name of Karroo ground.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	karoo
释义	Karoon. Brit. /kəˈruː/, U.S. /kəˈru/ Forms: Also 1700s Karo, 1800s Karro, Karroo. Also with lower-case initial. Etymology: Of Khoekhoe origin; but the precise etymology is uncertain. According to Lichtenstein (1811) and Burchell (1822), karoo or karro is a Khoekhoe (Nama) adjective meaning ‘hard’, but later authorities give for this ˈkarusa (Tindall 1857) or ˈgarosa (Kroenlein 1889), while the modern Khoekhoe name for the karroo is said to be toró (Kroenlein). Garo ‘desert’, has also been suggested as a possible source. Lichtenstein and Burchell may have wrongly identified toró or garo with the adjective meaning ‘hard’. (See J. Platt, in Notes & Queries 9th s. IV. 105; Athenæum 19 May, 1900.) The earlier spellings indicate a pronunciation /kəˈroː/; it is not clear whether /kəˈruː/ is a phonetic development of this or due to the influence of Dutch orthography. A semi-desert region of central South Africa, consisting of extensive elevated plateaus, with a clayey soil, which during the dry season are waterless and arid.The Karoo is divided into the Little Karoo (to the south) and the Great Karoo (to the north). Extending over the inland areas of the Western and Eastern Cape provinces, the southern part of the Northern Cape, and the western Free State, the Karoo covers an area of approx. 400,000 square kilometers. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > level land > [noun] > plateau > in specific country paramo1760 Karoo1789 park1808 causse1827 fjeld1860 highveld1873 jol1904 meseta1904 scabland1923 1789 W. Paterson Narr. Four Journeys Country of Hottentots 44 Next day we proceeded through what the Dutch call Karo, an extensive plain. 1812 A. Plumptre tr. H. Lichtenstein Trav. S. Afr. I. 112 The Great Karroo, as it is called, a parched and arid plain. 1822 W. J. Burchell Trav. Interior S. Afr. I. 207 A range of mountains..separates the great Karro from the inhabited parts of the colony. 1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. v. 104 Rhinoceroses and elephants [roaming] over the Karros of Southern Africa. 1847 Nat. Encycl. I. 256 The karoos in the dry season are almost as barren as the wastes of the Sahara. 1880 Handbk. S. Afr. (S. W. Silver & Co.) (ed. 3) 155 Grasses and herbage found on the..Veldts and the Karroo. Compounds C1. attributive, as Karoo bush, Karoo country, Karoo desert, Karoo shrub. ΚΠ 1842 R. Moffat Missionary Labours & Scenes S. Afr. i. 17 The Karroo country..is a parched and arid plain. 1885 H. R. Haggard King Solomon's Mines v. 64 The waterless desert covered with a species of karoo shrub. C2. Karoo beds n. (also Karoo formation) an important South African series of rocks, of Triassic age, chiefly sandstone mixed with volcanic matter. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > age or period > stratigraphic units > [noun] > secondary or Mesozoic > Triassic > specific red marl1625 Muschelkalk1824 poecilite1832 keuper1844 bunter1874 Karoo beds1876 1876 Encycl. Brit. V. 42/1 The ‘Karroo beds’..are believed from the abundance of fossil wood and fresh-water shells to be of lacustrine origin. 1886 H. C. Lewis Papers on Diamond (1897) 7 The diamond-bearing pipes [at Kimberley] penetrate strata of Triassic age which are known as the Karoo beds. 1886 H. C. Lewis Papers on Diamond (1897) 7 The Kimberley shales belong to the lower Karoo formation. Karoo ground n. a yellowish iron-clay. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > clay > [noun] > other clays red clayc1475 urry1669 blae1724 cat-dirt1747 iron clay1750 till1762 mulatto clay1788 oak-tree clay1794 porcelain jasper1794 porcellanite1794 Karoo ground1836 plinthite1836 papa1851 Bradford clay1858 Indianaite1868 sinopite1868 hydrobiotite1881 pampas-clay1885 byon1892 potato clay1896 bentonite1898 quick clay1901 gumbotil1916 1836 Penny Cycl. VI. 257/2 The Great Karroo is one of the most barren and desolate spots imaginable... The soil is a sand mixed with clay containing particles of iron, which gives it a yellowish colour: all soil of a similar colour in other parts of the Colony is called by the name of Karroo ground. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1789
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