justicern.

Brit.

/ˈdʒʌstᵻsə/, U.S.

/ˈdʒəstəsər/

Forms: late Middle English iusticyer, late Middle English iustyser, late Middle English justiser, late Middle English–1500s iustiser, late Middle English–1600s iusticer, 1500s iusticere, 1500s justicere, 1500s justycyer, 1500s–1600s iusticier, 1500s–1600s justicier, 1500s– justicer; Scottish pre-1700 iusticier, pre-1700 justicar, pre-1700 justicer, pre-1700 justicier. N.E.D. (1901) also records forms late Middle English iusticere, late Middle English iusticier, late Middle English iustycer.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: French justicer ; justice v., -er suffix¹.

Etymology: Originally (i) < Anglo-Norman justicer, justicere, justiser, justisere, Anglo-Norman and Middle French justicier (French justicier ) person who maintains or executes justice (early 12th cent. in Old French, originally with reference to God), person who administers justice, ruler, governor (first half of the 12th cent.) < justice , justise justice n. + Anglo-Norman -er , Anglo-Norman and Old French -ier -er suffix². Compare Old French justiceor , justiceour , justiceour (nominative case justiciere ) (12th cent.). In later use partly also (ii) < justice v. + -er suffix¹. Compare earlier justice n. II. and later justiciar n., justiciary n.², and the foreign-language forms cited at the latter two entries.In quot. 1824 at sense 1a translating Spanish justicia justice n.; compare also the etymological note at justiciary n.²

1. A person who administers justice. Now chiefly historical.

a. A ruler or governor invested with judicial authority. Also: = justiciar n. 1a. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > [noun] > with judicial authority

justicer?a1400

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 2215 Ne he [sc. King Leil] couth no bettir Iustiser.

1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) viii. 29 They made in euery kynred or lygnage a prince whiche was theyr Iusticer.

1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres v. 145 As high and supreame Iusticer of all the Army.

1630 tr. W. Camden Hist. Princess Elizabeth 81 The first Presidents of Ireland..were..from the first entrance of the English vnder Henry the second, till King Edward the third's dayes, called Iusticers of Ireland, and Iusticers and Keepers of the Land of Ireland, then Lieutenants.

1648 R. Filmer Free-holders Grand Inquest 38 The Statute of Ireland,..which is nothing but a Letter of the King to Gerard Son of Maurice Justicer of Ireland.

1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures vi. 17 As it were chief Justicer amongst the Mahometans.

1824 New Monthly Mag. 10 3 The establishment of the Justicer of Aragon is nearly as ancient as the constitutional monarchy of that kingdom... [Note] We can see no reason why this classical English word should not be employed to translate the Spanish Justicia.

1902 S. R. Crockett Dark o' the Moon ix. 58 My father is..King's Justicer, and I hardly think they will meddle with him.

1996 L. Auchincloss La Gloire 67 The imperial justicers may have been less lenient in Armenia, where the action of the play [sc. Corneille's ‘Polyeucte’] occurs, than in Africa.

b. A judge of a superior court; = justice n. 5b. Also: = justiciar n. 1c.In quot. 2011 in fantasy fiction.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > judge > [noun] > of superior court

justicec1300

Lord Justice1511

justiciary?1531

justicer1535

justiciarc1575

ordinary1607

red judge1854

1535 Act 27 Hen. VIII c. v. §1 The said Iusticers..shal be sworne astricted and obliged to the kepinge of their sessions of the peace.

1567 T. Harman Caueat for Commen Cursetors (new ed.) Ep. Ded. sig. Aii^v Thereby the Justicers..may in their cercutes, be more vygelant to punishe these malefactors.

1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. iii. 84 As for the civil government of Jews in England, the King set over them one principal Officer, called the Justicer of the Jews.

1700 J. Tyrrell Gen. Hist. Eng. II. 1113 The chief Justicers, or Justicers in Eyre in their Circuits.

1880 Daily Tel. 22 Nov. John Fineux, Chief Justicer to King Henry VIII.

1977 College Lit. 4 206 There is constitutional significance in the pledge because Henry is speaking of the relationship between king and chief justicer.

2011 M. G. Manning Mageborn vii. 88 The proceedings and the final decision would be made by the Lord High-Justicer, the Earl of Winfield.

c. gen. A judge, a magistrate; = justice n. 5. N.E.D. included the following quot. The correct reading, however, is ‘Iustice’: the word justicer does not appear here until Theobald's edition of 1733.

1605 W. Shakespeare King Lear iii. vi. 25 Come sit thou here, most learned Iusticer.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > [noun]

justicea1225

magistratec1384

Justice of the Peace1423

justiciary1548

justicer1550

justiciar?1550

law-keeper1644

law-officer (of the Crown)1781

worshipful1807

1550 J. Heywood Hundred Epigrammes lxviii. sig. Ciii To a iusticer a iuggler did complayne Of one, that dispraised his liger de mayne.

1567 T. Harman Caueat for Commen Cursetors sig. C.i.^v They will cary a cirtificate or pasport about them from some justicer of the peace.

1670 T. Blount Νομο-λεξικον: Law-dict. at Eschequer The Eschequer is called an Assembly of High Justiciers, to whom it appertains to amend that which the Bailiffs, and other Inferior Justiciers, have misdone, and unadvisedly judged.

1799 W. Taylor in Monthly Rev. 28 513 The Corsican barristers claim that all the justicers..shall be native and resident Corsicans.

1871 D. G. Rossetti Dante at Verona in Poems liii They named him Justicer-at-Law.

1930 Economica 28 66 With the Governor's consent the merchants might meet and elect twelve fit persons to be known as ‘justicers’.

1987 Times 8 Aug. 9/2 This benighted justicer thinks it will work with a husband and wife who have already made it plain that they want nothing more to do with one another.

2. A person or (occasionally) thing which maintains or executes justice. Cf. justiciar n. 2, justiciary n.² 2. Now literary.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > rightness or justice > [noun] > maintenance of right by reward or punishment > one who

justicerc1450

c1450 (c1440) S. Scrope tr. C. de Pisan Epist. of Othea (Longleat) (1904) 13 He that is a rytewyse iusticer [Fr. justicier] fryst shulde iustifie hym selph.

1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) ii. i. 24 That afterward was a good prynce and a good Iusticyer [Fr. justicier].

c1500 Melusine (1895) 97 They said that the kyng had doo right wel as a valyaunt & lawfull justiser shuld doo.

1549 W. Thomas Hist. Italie f. 178 He was a good iusticer, and a man endued with muche humanite.

1585 J. Foxe Serm. 2 Cor. v. 72 So it pleased the gracious goodnesse of our mercifull God..to become now of a terrible Iusticer, a tender father toward us.

1624 T. Heywood Γυναικεῖον iv. 179 That inhumane rashnesse..by which men have undertooke to be their owne justicers.

1748 in P. Brett Miscellany I. 68 The Smell of Fire and Brimstone, heavy Justicers of God that destroyed them.

1848 C. Kingsley Saint's Trag. v. iii. 241 We are Heaven's justicers! Our woes anoint us kings!

1868 Ld. Lytton Orval in New Poems II. 190 (Draws his dagger) Out, thou sharp Straightforward justicer!

1957 J. R. Brown Shakespeare Comedies vii. 193 The duke attempts to act as counsellor and justicer, and the manner in which he governs the action raises difficulties at almost every turn.

1997 N.Y. Mag. 12 May 62/3 The people Hyde kills are, for the most part, morally wanting, making the beast appear almost a justicer.

2008 R. Swenson et al. Imagining Selves 106 Hamlet for a time virtually ordains himself an angel, arrogating to himself the role of angelic justicer.

3. A person who passes critical judgement; a censurer, a critic. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > [noun] > one who judges or decides

departer1382

judgec1390

judgerc1449

terminer1496

arbiterc1503

legislatora1513

determiner1530

pronouncer1561–2

judicant1570

censurer1585

discusser1587

sentencer1589

justicer1609

judicator1613

auditor1640

dijudicant1661

adjudicator1705

adjudger1821

1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xxv. vii. 271 If some severe Censor and precise Iusticer [L. praevaricator] blame this act.

1620 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. V. O.T. xv. 265 How seuere Iusticers we can be to our very owne crimes in others persons?

1957 Rev. Eng. Stud. 8 194 They lack the sense of a cosmic darkness that, in her ending, makes Webster's Vittoria stand above her justicers.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	justicer
释义	justicern. Brit. /ˈdʒʌstᵻsə/, U.S. /ˈdʒəstəsər/ Forms: late Middle English iusticyer, late Middle English iustyser, late Middle English justiser, late Middle English–1500s iustiser, late Middle English–1600s iusticer, 1500s iusticere, 1500s justicere, 1500s justycyer, 1500s–1600s iusticier, 1500s–1600s justicier, 1500s– justicer; Scottish pre-1700 iusticier, pre-1700 justicar, pre-1700 justicer, pre-1700 justicier. N.E.D. (1901) also records forms late Middle English iusticere, late Middle English iusticier, late Middle English iustycer. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: French justicer ; justice v., -er suffix¹. Etymology: Originally (i) < Anglo-Norman justicer, justicere, justiser, justisere, Anglo-Norman and Middle French justicier (French justicier ) person who maintains or executes justice (early 12th cent. in Old French, originally with reference to God), person who administers justice, ruler, governor (first half of the 12th cent.) < justice , justise justice n. + Anglo-Norman -er , Anglo-Norman and Old French -ier -er suffix². Compare Old French justiceor , justiceour , justiceour (nominative case justiciere ) (12th cent.). In later use partly also (ii) < justice v. + -er suffix¹. Compare earlier justice n. II. and later justiciar n., justiciary n.², and the foreign-language forms cited at the latter two entries.In quot. 1824 at sense 1a translating Spanish justicia justice n.; compare also the etymological note at justiciary n.² 1. A person who administers justice. Now chiefly historical. a. A ruler or governor invested with judicial authority. Also: = justiciar n. 1a. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > [noun] > with judicial authority justicer?a1400 ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 2215 Ne he [sc. King Leil] couth no bettir Iustiser. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) viii. 29 They made in euery kynred or lygnage a prince whiche was theyr Iusticer. 1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres v. 145 As high and supreame Iusticer of all the Army. 1630 tr. W. Camden Hist. Princess Elizabeth 81 The first Presidents of Ireland..were..from the first entrance of the English vnder Henry the second, till King Edward the third's dayes, called Iusticers of Ireland, and Iusticers and Keepers of the Land of Ireland, then Lieutenants. 1648 R. Filmer Free-holders Grand Inquest 38 The Statute of Ireland,..which is nothing but a Letter of the King to Gerard Son of Maurice Justicer of Ireland. 1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures vi. 17 As it were chief Justicer amongst the Mahometans. 1824 New Monthly Mag. 10 3 The establishment of the Justicer of Aragon is nearly as ancient as the constitutional monarchy of that kingdom... [Note] We can see no reason why this classical English word should not be employed to translate the Spanish Justicia. 1902 S. R. Crockett Dark o' the Moon ix. 58 My father is..King's Justicer, and I hardly think they will meddle with him. 1996 L. Auchincloss La Gloire 67 The imperial justicers may have been less lenient in Armenia, where the action of the play [sc. Corneille's ‘Polyeucte’] occurs, than in Africa. b. A judge of a superior court; = justice n. 5b. Also: = justiciar n. 1c.In quot. 2011 in fantasy fiction. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > judge > [noun] > of superior court justicec1300 Lord Justice1511 justiciary?1531 justicer1535 justiciarc1575 ordinary1607 red judge1854 1535 Act 27 Hen. VIII c. v. §1 The said Iusticers..shal be sworne astricted and obliged to the kepinge of their sessions of the peace. 1567 T. Harman Caueat for Commen Cursetors (new ed.) Ep. Ded. sig. Aii^v Thereby the Justicers..may in their cercutes, be more vygelant to punishe these malefactors. 1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. iii. 84 As for the civil government of Jews in England, the King set over them one principal Officer, called the Justicer of the Jews. 1700 J. Tyrrell Gen. Hist. Eng. II. 1113 The chief Justicers, or Justicers in Eyre in their Circuits. 1880 Daily Tel. 22 Nov. John Fineux, Chief Justicer to King Henry VIII. 1977 College Lit. 4 206 There is constitutional significance in the pledge because Henry is speaking of the relationship between king and chief justicer. 2011 M. G. Manning Mageborn vii. 88 The proceedings and the final decision would be made by the Lord High-Justicer, the Earl of Winfield. c. gen. A judge, a magistrate; = justice n. 5. N.E.D. included the following quot. The correct reading, however, is ‘Iustice’: the word justicer does not appear here until Theobald's edition of 1733. 1605 W. Shakespeare King Lear iii. vi. 25 Come sit thou here, most learned Iusticer. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > [noun] justicea1225 magistratec1384 Justice of the Peace1423 justiciary1548 justicer1550 justiciar?1550 law-keeper1644 law-officer (of the Crown)1781 worshipful1807 1550 J. Heywood Hundred Epigrammes lxviii. sig. Ciii To a iusticer a iuggler did complayne Of one, that dispraised his liger de mayne. 1567 T. Harman Caueat for Commen Cursetors sig. C.i.^v They will cary a cirtificate or pasport about them from some justicer of the peace. 1670 T. Blount Νομο-λεξικον: Law-dict. at Eschequer The Eschequer is called an Assembly of High Justiciers, to whom it appertains to amend that which the Bailiffs, and other Inferior Justiciers, have misdone, and unadvisedly judged. 1799 W. Taylor in Monthly Rev. 28 513 The Corsican barristers claim that all the justicers..shall be native and resident Corsicans. 1871 D. G. Rossetti Dante at Verona in Poems liii They named him Justicer-at-Law. 1930 Economica 28 66 With the Governor's consent the merchants might meet and elect twelve fit persons to be known as ‘justicers’. 1987 Times 8 Aug. 9/2 This benighted justicer thinks it will work with a husband and wife who have already made it plain that they want nothing more to do with one another. 2. A person or (occasionally) thing which maintains or executes justice. Cf. justiciar n. 2, justiciary n.² 2. Now literary. ΘΚΠ society > morality > rightness or justice > [noun] > maintenance of right by reward or punishment > one who justicerc1450 c1450 (c1440) S. Scrope tr. C. de Pisan Epist. of Othea (Longleat) (1904) 13 He that is a rytewyse iusticer [Fr. justicier] fryst shulde iustifie hym selph. 1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) ii. i. 24 That afterward was a good prynce and a good Iusticyer [Fr. justicier]. c1500 Melusine (1895) 97 They said that the kyng had doo right wel as a valyaunt & lawfull justiser shuld doo. 1549 W. Thomas Hist. Italie f. 178 He was a good iusticer, and a man endued with muche humanite. 1585 J. Foxe Serm. 2 Cor. v. 72 So it pleased the gracious goodnesse of our mercifull God..to become now of a terrible Iusticer, a tender father toward us. 1624 T. Heywood Γυναικεῖον iv. 179 That inhumane rashnesse..by which men have undertooke to be their owne justicers. 1748 in P. Brett Miscellany I. 68 The Smell of Fire and Brimstone, heavy Justicers of God that destroyed them. 1848 C. Kingsley Saint's Trag. v. iii. 241 We are Heaven's justicers! Our woes anoint us kings! 1868 Ld. Lytton Orval in New Poems II. 190 (Draws his dagger) Out, thou sharp Straightforward justicer! 1957 J. R. Brown Shakespeare Comedies vii. 193 The duke attempts to act as counsellor and justicer, and the manner in which he governs the action raises difficulties at almost every turn. 1997 N.Y. Mag. 12 May 62/3 The people Hyde kills are, for the most part, morally wanting, making the beast appear almost a justicer. 2008 R. Swenson et al. Imagining Selves 106 Hamlet for a time virtually ordains himself an angel, arrogating to himself the role of angelic justicer. 3. A person who passes critical judgement; a censurer, a critic. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > [noun] > one who judges or decides departer1382 judgec1390 judgerc1449 terminer1496 arbiterc1503 legislatora1513 determiner1530 pronouncer1561–2 judicant1570 censurer1585 discusser1587 sentencer1589 justicer1609 judicator1613 auditor1640 dijudicant1661 adjudicator1705 adjudger1821 1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xxv. vii. 271 If some severe Censor and precise Iusticer [L. praevaricator] blame this act. 1620 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. V. O.T. xv. 265 How seuere Iusticers we can be to our very owne crimes in others persons? 1957 Rev. Eng. Stud. 8 194 They lack the sense of a cosmic darkness that, in her ending, makes Webster's Vittoria stand above her justicers. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?a1400
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