kowtown.

Brit.

/ˌkaʊˈtaʊ/, U.S.

/ˌkaʊˈtaʊ/,

/ˈkaʊˌtaʊ/

Forms: Also kow-too, ko-too, ko-tou, kotow, ka-tou, koo-too.

Etymology: Chinese k῾o-t῾ou, < k῾o knock + t῾ou the head. N.E.D. (1901) enters this under the headword kotow and gives the pronunciation as (kōtɑu·) /kəʊˈtaʊ/.

a. The Chinese custom of touching the ground with the forehead in the act of prostrating oneself, as an expression of extreme respect, submission, or worship.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > obedience > submissiveness > submission > [noun] > act of submission

kowtow1804

1804 J. Barrow Trav. China v. 213 The Chinese were determined they should be kept in the constant practice of the koo-too, or ceremony of genuflexion and prostration.

1817 H. Ellis Jrnl. Proc. Embassy to China 213 Lord Macartney's performance of the ko-tou was asserted.

1845 Athenæum 22 Feb. 193 He felt some reluctance when called upon to perform the ko-tow.

1864 D. F. Rennie Brit. Arms N. China 232 (note) The kowtow is the Chinese obeisance indicating extreme respect.

1898 W. G. Gulland Chinese Porcelain I. p. xxiv Lord Amherst..would not perform the kow-tow (kneeling) before the emperor.

1920 Blackwood's Mag. Aug. 225/1 The conventional bowing or kow-tow position.

1966 Listener 29 Sept. 443/2 Not even the emissaries of the Pope could escape the Great Kow-tow—the ceremony involving the three kneelings and nine prostrations before the throne of the Chinese Emperor.

b. figurative. An act of obsequious respect.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > humility > servility > [noun] > obsequious act

cringe1592

kowtow1834

1834 Fraser's Mag. 10 230 Thus speaks the high-priest of fashion, and the beau monde perform the koo-too with all imaginable submission.

1864 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia IV. xvi. ix. 383 Voltaire from of old had faithfully done his kowtoos to this King of the Sciences.

1905 B. Tarkington In Arena 152 He had all the honours..; professors and students all kow-towed and sounded the hew-gag before him.

1972 Times 21 Oct. (Hongkong Suppl.) p. i/6 Peking has referred officially to Hongkong's shameful colonial status only once since President Nixon's dignified kowtow and the belated entry of the people's republic into the United Nations.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1976; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

kowtowv.

Brit.

/ˌkaʊˈtaʊ/, U.S.

/ˌkaʊˈtaʊ/,

/ˈkaʊˌtaʊ/

Forms: 1800s kotow, 1800s– kowtow.

Etymology: < kowtow n.

a. intransitive. To perform the kowtow. Also transferred.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > obedience > submissiveness > submission > submit [verb (intransitive)] > perform act of submission

prostratea1425

to kiss (a person's) shoec1535

benda1586

kowtow1863

1863 Fraser's Mag. Dec. 709/2 With one dash of the brush a clever artist at once hits off all the characteristics of his subject, whether it be a bat or moth in the gloaming, or a humble cricket kow-towing to a lordly mantis perched on a blade of grass.

1864 D. F. Rennie Brit. Arms N. China 232 He kow~towed to him in proof of his anxiety to follow his advice and give up opium.

1892 Missionary Herald (Boston) Aug. 326 The literary graduates kneel and kotow before each one of these shrines.

1892 Missionary Herald (Boston) Aug. 326 A tien, or cushion, to kneel on in kotowing.

1907 Westm. Gaz. 12 Nov. 14/1 The degrading custom of high native Ministers of the Crown kowtowing.

1966 D. Forbes Heart of Malaya xi. 129 Miss Khan kowtowed to the laughing monk.

1966 Listener 29 Sept. 444/1 An envoy of the Tsar who arrived in Peking in the sixteen-seventies to discuss Russo-Chinese differences refused to kow-tow to the Emperor.

b. figurative. To act in an obsequious manner.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > humility > servility > be servile [verb (intransitive)]

fawnc1325

crouch1528

jouk1573

crawl1576

creep1581

spaniel1599

grovel1605

spanielize1641

cringec1660

to lick the ground1667

truckle1680

to kiss (a person's) arse, behind, bum1705

toad-eat1766

snool1786

to eat (any one's) toads1788

kowtow1826

sidle1828

toady1861

to knock head1876

ass-lick1937

1826 B. Disraeli Vivian Grey I. ii. xiii. 183 The Marquess kotooed like a first-rate mandarin, and vowed ‘that her will was his conduct’.

1883 Harper's Mag. Mar. 578/2 The doctor kowtowed to him.

Derivatives

kowˈtower n.

ΚΠ

1961 Spectator 8 Sept. 313 They regard the Russians as..kow~towers to the West.

kowˈtowing adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > obedience > submissiveness > submission > [noun] > act of submission > performance of

kowtowing1836

1836 T. Hook Gilbert Gurney II. i. 55 Hull, who watched his worship with an almost Koo-too-ing kindness.

1848 W. M. Thackeray Bk. Snobs xxix. 110 It was nothing compared to the bowing and kotooing.

1874 A. C. Maclay Let. 1 May (1886) 47 Then followed a tempest of kow~towing that beggared description.

1925 E. F. Norton in E. F. Norton et al. Fight for Everest: 1924 35 After much kow-towing.

kowˈtowism n. the practice of kowtowing.

ΚΠ

1837 T. Hook Jack Brag I. viii. 259 The little group in the full exercise of Koo-too-ism.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1976; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	kowtow
释义	kowtown. Brit. /ˌkaʊˈtaʊ/, U.S. /ˌkaʊˈtaʊ/, /ˈkaʊˌtaʊ/ Forms: Also kow-too, ko-too, ko-tou, kotow, ka-tou, koo-too. Etymology: Chinese k῾o-t῾ou, < k῾o knock + t῾ou the head. N.E.D. (1901) enters this under the headword kotow and gives the pronunciation as (kōtɑu·) /kəʊˈtaʊ/. a. The Chinese custom of touching the ground with the forehead in the act of prostrating oneself, as an expression of extreme respect, submission, or worship. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > obedience > submissiveness > submission > [noun] > act of submission kowtow1804 1804 J. Barrow Trav. China v. 213 The Chinese were determined they should be kept in the constant practice of the koo-too, or ceremony of genuflexion and prostration. 1817 H. Ellis Jrnl. Proc. Embassy to China 213 Lord Macartney's performance of the ko-tou was asserted. 1845 Athenæum 22 Feb. 193 He felt some reluctance when called upon to perform the ko-tow. 1864 D. F. Rennie Brit. Arms N. China 232 (note) The kowtow is the Chinese obeisance indicating extreme respect. 1898 W. G. Gulland Chinese Porcelain I. p. xxiv Lord Amherst..would not perform the kow-tow (kneeling) before the emperor. 1920 Blackwood's Mag. Aug. 225/1 The conventional bowing or kow-tow position. 1966 Listener 29 Sept. 443/2 Not even the emissaries of the Pope could escape the Great Kow-tow—the ceremony involving the three kneelings and nine prostrations before the throne of the Chinese Emperor. b. figurative. An act of obsequious respect. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > servility > [noun] > obsequious act cringe1592 kowtow1834 1834 Fraser's Mag. 10 230 Thus speaks the high-priest of fashion, and the beau monde perform the koo-too with all imaginable submission. 1864 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia IV. xvi. ix. 383 Voltaire from of old had faithfully done his kowtoos to this King of the Sciences. 1905 B. Tarkington In Arena 152 He had all the honours..; professors and students all kow-towed and sounded the hew-gag before him. 1972 Times 21 Oct. (Hongkong Suppl.) p. i/6 Peking has referred officially to Hongkong's shameful colonial status only once since President Nixon's dignified kowtow and the belated entry of the people's republic into the United Nations. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1976; most recently modified version published online March 2022). kowtowv. Brit. /ˌkaʊˈtaʊ/, U.S. /ˌkaʊˈtaʊ/, /ˈkaʊˌtaʊ/ Forms: 1800s kotow, 1800s– kowtow. Etymology: < kowtow n. a. intransitive. To perform the kowtow. Also transferred. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > obedience > submissiveness > submission > submit [verb (intransitive)] > perform act of submission prostratea1425 to kiss (a person's) shoec1535 benda1586 kowtow1863 1863 Fraser's Mag. Dec. 709/2 With one dash of the brush a clever artist at once hits off all the characteristics of his subject, whether it be a bat or moth in the gloaming, or a humble cricket kow-towing to a lordly mantis perched on a blade of grass. 1864 D. F. Rennie Brit. Arms N. China 232 He kow~towed to him in proof of his anxiety to follow his advice and give up opium. 1892 Missionary Herald (Boston) Aug. 326 The literary graduates kneel and kotow before each one of these shrines. 1892 Missionary Herald (Boston) Aug. 326 A tien, or cushion, to kneel on in kotowing. 1907 Westm. Gaz. 12 Nov. 14/1 The degrading custom of high native Ministers of the Crown kowtowing. 1966 D. Forbes Heart of Malaya xi. 129 Miss Khan kowtowed to the laughing monk. 1966 Listener 29 Sept. 444/1 An envoy of the Tsar who arrived in Peking in the sixteen-seventies to discuss Russo-Chinese differences refused to kow-tow to the Emperor. b. figurative. To act in an obsequious manner. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > servility > be servile [verb (intransitive)] fawnc1325 crouch1528 jouk1573 crawl1576 creep1581 spaniel1599 grovel1605 spanielize1641 cringec1660 to lick the ground1667 truckle1680 to kiss (a person's) arse, behind, bum1705 toad-eat1766 snool1786 to eat (any one's) toads1788 kowtow1826 sidle1828 toady1861 to knock head1876 ass-lick1937 1826 B. Disraeli Vivian Grey I. ii. xiii. 183 The Marquess kotooed like a first-rate mandarin, and vowed ‘that her will was his conduct’. 1883 Harper's Mag. Mar. 578/2 The doctor kowtowed to him. Derivatives kowˈtower n. ΚΠ 1961 Spectator 8 Sept. 313 They regard the Russians as..kow~towers to the West. kowˈtowing adj. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > obedience > submissiveness > submission > [noun] > act of submission > performance of kowtowing1836 1836 T. Hook Gilbert Gurney II. i. 55 Hull, who watched his worship with an almost Koo-too-ing kindness. 1848 W. M. Thackeray Bk. Snobs xxix. 110 It was nothing compared to the bowing and kotooing. 1874 A. C. Maclay Let. 1 May (1886) 47 Then followed a tempest of kow~towing that beggared description. 1925 E. F. Norton in E. F. Norton et al. Fight for Everest: 1924 35 After much kow-towing. kowˈtowism n. the practice of kowtowing. ΚΠ 1837 T. Hook Jack Brag I. viii. 259 The little group in the full exercise of Koo-too-ism. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1976; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1804v.1826
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