KuanKwann.

/kwɑːn/

Etymology: < Chinese guān, kuān official.

Used to denote imperial patronage or official usage in China.

1. Kuan Hua n. /hwɑː/ [language, speech] = mandarin n.¹ 2a.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Sino-Tibetan > [noun] > Chinese > Mandarin > varieties of

Kuan Hua1814

wen li1887

mandarin Chinese1895

pai-hua1923

Kuo-yü1932

putonghua1950

wenyan1964

1814 J. Marshman Clavis Sinica ii. 559 The most correct and extensive colloquial dialect is termed..Kwanhwà.

a1824 Encycl. Metrop. (1845) XVI. 583/2 The learned language of the present day (Kwan-hwa) or dialect of the Mandarins.

1848 S. W. Williams Middle Kingdom I. x. 489 The court language, the kwan hwa, or mandarin dialect.

1889 L. C. Hopkins (title) Guide to Kuan Hua.

1932 W. L. Graff Lang. & Langs. xi. 421 The modern Chinese of Pekin, the Mandarin, Kuan Hua, or Guoryu..has become the language of officialdom.

1968 Encycl. Brit. V. 634/1 Mandarin... Formerly called variously kuan-hua ‘official speech’, whence the term ‘Mandarin’, or p'u-t'ung-hua ‘general (v. local) speech’.

2. Kuan Yin n. /jɪn/ [Lord of Mercy] a goddess of Chinese Buddhism, to whom intercession for aid or protection is made; a representation in sculpture of this deity.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > other deities > [noun] > Chinese

tian1613

tai chi1736

kitchen god1811

Kuan Yina1832

shen1847

a1832 Encycl. Metrop. (1845) XX. 490/2 The Kwan-yin, or merciful Goddess of the Chinese.

1871 S. Beal Catena Buddhist Script. 121 The work known as the Po-kien..says:... The spirit..gazing on Kwan-Yin, a covenant saviour (a sworn friend).

1906 S. W. Bushell Chinese Art II. viii. 7 Large images of Kuan-Yin enamelled with turquoise blue and other soft colours.

1922 E. T. C. Werner Myths & Legends China x. 251 As Mary is the guiding spirit of Rome, so is Kuan Yin of the Buddhist faith.

1930 O. Sirén Hist. Early Chinese Art III. iv. 47 In the tall eleven-headed Kuan-yins..a suggestion of movement may be observed.

1943 Burlington Mag. Dec. 311/2 Kuan yin figures of the Ming and Ch'ing period are represented in great numbers and show the eagerness of the artist to excel in decorative variations and in manual skilfulness.

1963 P. C. Swann Art of China, Korea & Japan vi. 142 The best known of Sung Buddhist sculptures are the indolent Kuan-yin ‘Goddess of Compassion’ (the Sanskrit Avalokitésvara) figures with their full, fleshy bodies seated in the maharaja-lila or position of royal ease.

1969 R. Quest Cerberus Murders v. 35 Some benign deity—Kuan Yin, perhaps.

3. In full, Kuan ware, Kuan yao /jaʊ/ [jade]. A type of thickly glazed celadon made in predominantly greyish colours at Hangchow during the Sung dynasty; similar pottery (as the Kuan jar) produced elsewhere in China in later centuries.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > Chinese pottery

Wan-Li1876

Chün1888

Ding1888

Kuan1888

san ts'ai1901

Yi Hsing1904

Ming1907

Tz'u Chou1910

Yüeh1910

Tao Kuang1927

Lung-shan1961

1888 F. Hirth Anc. Porcelain 19 Kuan-yao, or Mandarin Porcelain, is the produce of certain Government factories.

1915 R. L. Hobson Chinese Pottery & Porcelain I. iv. 48 One of the puzzling features in the study of the Sung wares is the interrelation of the various makes, such as the Ju, Kuan, [etc.].

1915 R. L. Hobson Chinese Pottery & Porcelain I. v. 59 A new pottery..copied the forms of the older Kuan ware.

1938 Burlington Mag. July 37/1 A Kuan yao saucer of a delicate bluish grey glaze.

1944 W. E. Cox Bk. Pottery & Porcelain I. xviii. 426 Neither of the Kuan yao factories so far as we know survived the Mongolian conquest.

1944 W. E. Cox Bk. Pottery & Porcelain II. xx. 592 (caption) Bottle vase with glaze of Kuan type of pale blue-green.

1960 Times 21 June 22/6 A..blue and white Kuan or wine jar.

1961 M. Sullivan Introd. Chinese Art viii. 158 As soon as Southern Sung had established themselves at Hangchow they naturally sought for factories which could produce a ware fine enough to be classed as kuan.

1971 P. David Chinese Connoisseurship 139 Kuan Ware. This was made on the orders of the Palace Works Department.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1976; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

单词	kuan
释义	KuanKwann. /kwɑːn/ Etymology: < Chinese guān, kuān official. Used to denote imperial patronage or official usage in China. 1. Kuan Hua n. /hwɑː/ [language, speech] = mandarin n.¹ 2a. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Sino-Tibetan > [noun] > Chinese > Mandarin > varieties of Kuan Hua1814 wen li1887 mandarin Chinese1895 pai-hua1923 Kuo-yü1932 putonghua1950 wenyan1964 1814 J. Marshman Clavis Sinica ii. 559 The most correct and extensive colloquial dialect is termed..Kwanhwà. a1824 Encycl. Metrop. (1845) XVI. 583/2 The learned language of the present day (Kwan-hwa) or dialect of the Mandarins. 1848 S. W. Williams Middle Kingdom I. x. 489 The court language, the kwan hwa, or mandarin dialect. 1889 L. C. Hopkins (title) Guide to Kuan Hua. 1932 W. L. Graff Lang. & Langs. xi. 421 The modern Chinese of Pekin, the Mandarin, Kuan Hua, or Guoryu..has become the language of officialdom. 1968 Encycl. Brit. V. 634/1 Mandarin... Formerly called variously kuan-hua ‘official speech’, whence the term ‘Mandarin’, or p'u-t'ung-hua ‘general (v. local) speech’. 2. Kuan Yin n. /jɪn/ [Lord of Mercy] a goddess of Chinese Buddhism, to whom intercession for aid or protection is made; a representation in sculpture of this deity. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > other deities > [noun] > Chinese tian1613 tai chi1736 kitchen god1811 Kuan Yina1832 shen1847 a1832 Encycl. Metrop. (1845) XX. 490/2 The Kwan-yin, or merciful Goddess of the Chinese. 1871 S. Beal Catena Buddhist Script. 121 The work known as the Po-kien..says:... The spirit..gazing on Kwan-Yin, a covenant saviour (a sworn friend). 1906 S. W. Bushell Chinese Art II. viii. 7 Large images of Kuan-Yin enamelled with turquoise blue and other soft colours. 1922 E. T. C. Werner Myths & Legends China x. 251 As Mary is the guiding spirit of Rome, so is Kuan Yin of the Buddhist faith. 1930 O. Sirén Hist. Early Chinese Art III. iv. 47 In the tall eleven-headed Kuan-yins..a suggestion of movement may be observed. 1943 Burlington Mag. Dec. 311/2 Kuan yin figures of the Ming and Ch'ing period are represented in great numbers and show the eagerness of the artist to excel in decorative variations and in manual skilfulness. 1963 P. C. Swann Art of China, Korea & Japan vi. 142 The best known of Sung Buddhist sculptures are the indolent Kuan-yin ‘Goddess of Compassion’ (the Sanskrit Avalokitésvara) figures with their full, fleshy bodies seated in the maharaja-lila or position of royal ease. 1969 R. Quest Cerberus Murders v. 35 Some benign deity—Kuan Yin, perhaps. 3. In full, Kuan ware, Kuan yao /jaʊ/ [jade]. A type of thickly glazed celadon made in predominantly greyish colours at Hangchow during the Sung dynasty; similar pottery (as the Kuan jar) produced elsewhere in China in later centuries. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > Chinese pottery Wan-Li1876 Chün1888 Ding1888 Kuan1888 san ts'ai1901 Yi Hsing1904 Ming1907 Tz'u Chou1910 Yüeh1910 Tao Kuang1927 Lung-shan1961 1888 F. Hirth Anc. Porcelain 19 Kuan-yao, or Mandarin Porcelain, is the produce of certain Government factories. 1915 R. L. Hobson Chinese Pottery & Porcelain I. iv. 48 One of the puzzling features in the study of the Sung wares is the interrelation of the various makes, such as the Ju, Kuan, [etc.]. 1915 R. L. Hobson Chinese Pottery & Porcelain I. v. 59 A new pottery..copied the forms of the older Kuan ware. 1938 Burlington Mag. July 37/1 A Kuan yao saucer of a delicate bluish grey glaze. 1944 W. E. Cox Bk. Pottery & Porcelain I. xviii. 426 Neither of the Kuan yao factories so far as we know survived the Mongolian conquest. 1944 W. E. Cox Bk. Pottery & Porcelain II. xx. 592 (caption) Bottle vase with glaze of Kuan type of pale blue-green. 1960 Times 21 June 22/6 A..blue and white Kuan or wine jar. 1961 M. Sullivan Introd. Chinese Art viii. 158 As soon as Southern Sung had established themselves at Hangchow they naturally sought for factories which could produce a ware fine enough to be classed as kuan. 1971 P. David Chinese Connoisseurship 139 Kuan Ware. This was made on the orders of the Palace Works Department. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1976; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < n.1814
随便看	ill-liking ill-lit ill-lived ill-looked ill-looking ill-lookingness ill-made ill-manageable ill-managed ill-mannered ill-manneredly ill-mannerly ill-matched ill-mated ill-meaning ill-meant ill-met ill-minded ill-mindedness ill-monied ill-motiviert ill-mouthed ill-nature ill-natured ill-naturedly