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单词 labour exchange
释义

Labour Exchangen.

Brit. /ˈleɪbər ᵻksˌtʃeɪn(d)ʒ/, U.S. /ˈleɪbər əksˌtʃeɪndʒ/
Forms: see labour n. and exchange n. Also with lower-case initials.
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: labour n., exchange n.
Etymology: < labour n. + exchange n.
1.
a. Reciprocal exchange of labour in the form of work or the products of work; (in early use) spec. the exchange of goods on the basis of value considered in terms of the labour necessary for their production (see sense 1b). Frequently attributive, as Labour Exchange Bazaar, Labour Exchange Store, etc.Recorded earliest in compounds.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > other trading methods > [noun]
fair trading1685
grocery1689
carriage trade1720
sale or (formerly and) return1795
Labour Exchange1828
security system1831
smousingc1876
postal trade1902
triangular trade1934
switch trading1967
relationship management1970
p-y-o1977
counter-trade1978
pick-your-own1980
counter-trading1983
fair trade1986
carry trade1994
1828 Mechanic's Free Press 6 Sept. It is well known to many that there are hats deposited in the Labour Exchange Store, said to cost the purchaser, at the general hat stores $4 00.
1832 Liverpool Mercury 23 Nov. 375/5 Mr. Finch..perspicuously detailed the more minute operations of labour exchange.
1833 Crisis 19 Oct. 61/2 This was one proof of the soundness of the fundamental principles of labour exchange.
1848 Caledonian Mercury 21 Dec. He..was induced to advance a considerable sum of money to Owen's Labour Exchange Bazaar, in Gray's Inn Lane.
1893 Manufacturer & Builder Apr. 91/1 In 1832 he formulated and established a system of labor exchange by the use of labor notes which passed as a currency for a time in certain lines of business.
1965 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Instit. 95 157 Economic reciprocities in the form of labour exchange is rare.
2005 P. Eaton Land Tenure, Conservation & Devel. in Southeast Asia (2006) v. 78 Often a system of labour exchange operates between households with families assisting others at times when help is needed on their farms.
b. An establishment for the exchange of goods without the use of money, the value of a commodity being determined by the amount of labour necessary for its production. Now historical. Cf. labour bank n. (a) at Compounds 2, labour note n. at labour n. Compounds 2.Labour Exchanges were developed by the pioneers of the cooperative movement in the 1820s and 30s with the intention of allowing producers to exchange the products of their labour directly and for a fair price without the intervention of middlemen. Commodities were exchanged for labour notes representing value in terms of labour expended, and these could then be used to purchase other goods. In the United Kingdom most Labour Exchanges had ceased operating by 1835.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > trading place > market > [noun] > place for exchange of goods
labour bureau1832
Labour Exchange1832
commodity exchange1881
1832 B. Warden in Poor Man's Guardian 10 Mar. 310/1 I hope a mighty revolution will soon take place in the moral and physical condition of the only useful classes in Society by the universal establishment of Labour Exchanges in which the producers will have money (the representative of wealth) of their own in the shape of Labour Notes.
1844 Times 5 Jan. 3/5 A bazaar for the mutual exchange of goods..chiefly for the purpose of enabling small tradesmen to find a fair market for their goods. The whole, in fact, is in some respects on the principle of the Labour Exchange formerly established in Theobald's road.
1894 B. Jones Co-operative Production I. 90 The exchange was opened on September 3, 1832, under the title of ‘The Equitable Labour Exchange’.
1906 G. J. Holyoake Hist. Co-operation in Eng. (rev. ed.) I. 65 The Labour Exchange was not Mr. Owen's idea, but he adopted it.
1973 P. Hollis Class & Confl. vii. 154 A labour exchange to which men brought their goods and were paid in labour notes with which they purchased other goods.
2007 J. R. Zatlin Currency of Socialism i. 26 Without organizing trade on lines different from the market model, the labor exchanges found themselves in the awkward position of having to assign a value to the labor backing the paper they issued.
2.
a. Originally U.S. An office or establishment acting as a point of contact between employers and workers seeking employment; an employment exchange. Cf. job centre n. 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > working > labour supply > [noun] > employment exchange
employment office1801
slave market1835
registry office1839
employment agency1851
Labour Exchange1852
employment bureau1865
employment exchange1867
labour bureau1872
pool office1884
employment service1915
buroo1934
labour1934
job agency1952
job centre1970
1833 N.Y. Spectator 25 Nov. Permit me..to submit..the propriety, expediency and advantage of appointing certain stations for Manual Labor Exchanges..in different sections of the city, for the purpose of congregating persons who are in want of employment..where those wanting to hire, may resort..to be accommodated.]
1852 N.-Y. Daily Times 14 Jan. 1/4 The Canal-street Emigrant Lodging-house and Labor Exchange.
1869 C. L. Brace New West v. 53 One of the remarkable instances of the intelligence and humanity of this new community was the establishment, in 1868, of the ‘Labor Exchange’.
1896 J. A. Hobson Probl. Unemployed 130 If the Bureaux are to perform effectively the work of Labour Exchanges.
1911 R. Brooke Let. 20 Apr. (1968) 299 I share the Old Vicarage with the Labour Exchange man.
1958 New Statesman 22 Feb. 224/3 It hankers after the seaplane factory, the oil refinery, the atomic power station—‘better a line of pylons than a line outside the labour exchange’.
1973 Guardian 23 May 6/4 Britain's first Job Centre will be opened this afternoon. Job Centres are the modern version of what have..been called employment exchanges or..labour exchanges.
2004 A. Levy Small Island xxx. 313 We don't want you. There's no job for you here. I'm going to get in touch with that labour exchange, tell them not to send any more of you people. We can't use your sort. Go on, get out.
b. The finding of employment for workers. Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
1896 J. A. Hobson Probl. Unemployed 128 No system of mere labour-exchange, however well-conducted, would increase the total quantity of employment over a long area of time.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1828
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