kippern.¹adj.

Brit.

/ˈkɪpə/, U.S.

/ˈkɪpər/

Forms: (Old English cypera), Middle English kypre, 1500s–1600s kypper, 1500s–1700s kepper, 1500s– kipper.

Etymology: Etymology uncertain; it is also doubtful how sense A. 2, which goes with kipper v., is connected with 1, and indeed whether it is the same word. At the approach of the breeding season, the lower jaw of the male salmon becomes hooked upward with a sharp cartilaginous beak known as the kip, which is used as a weapon by the fish when two or more fight for the same female; from this ‘kip’, the name ‘kipper’ is currently explained; but this is not compatible with the identity of kipper and Old English cypera, Middle English kypre, which, itself, though phonetically unobjectionable, is also unproved, since the exact sense in which these words were used does not appear from the context. Moreover, in the quots. of 1376 and 1533–4, in B. 1, kipper appears to include both sexes.

A. n.¹

1. A name given to the male salmon (or sea trout) during the spawning season. (The female is then called a shedder.)Some recent writers give as the meaning ‘the male salmon when spent after the spawning season’, thus making the term equivalent to kelt n.¹; but this is not borne out by the earlier instances, which, when clear, evidently relate to the time when the fish is full of milt, and needs protection on account of its breeding value; nor does it harmonize with some later authorities, e.g. Jamieson, who says, ‘kipper, salmon in the state of spawning’; it is directly challenged by some (cf. quot. 1879); and it seems to have arisen from misapprehension of such qualifications as ‘unseasonable’, ‘not wholesome’, really applied to fish from the approach of the spawning season. For this Pennant seems largely responsible: see quot. 1769 at sense B. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > family Salmonidae (salmon) > [noun] > genus Salmo > salmo salar (salmon) > spawning male

kippera1000

red fish1425

summer cock1790

a1000 Boeth. Metr. xix. 12 Hwy ge nu ne settan on sume dune fiscnet eowru, þonne eow fon lysteð leax oððe cyperan.

c1567 Surv. Warkworth in Hist. Northumbld. (1899) V. 151 The salmon fishing mainteyned, no kipper slayne alonge the water of Cockett.

1581 W. Lambarde Eirenarcha (1588) iv. iv. 450 Any Salmons or Trouts, out of season, that is being kippers or shedders.

1597 Sc. Acts Jas. V §72 (heading) Of slauchter of redde fish or Kipper.

1624 in Quarter Sessions Rec. (N. Riding Rec. Soc.) (1885) III. ii. 228 For killing salmon in time of kipper.

1705 Act 4 & 5 Anne c. 21 The old Salmon or Kippers, which, during that Season [1 Jan. to 10 Mar.] are out of kind, and returning to the Sea.

1848 Chambers's Information for People (new ed.) I. 687 The adult fish [salmon] having spawned, being out of condition, and unfit for food..are..termed kelts; the male fish is sometimes also called a kipper, and the female a shedder or baggit.

1861 J. Brown Horæ Subs. 2nd Ser. 243 The poaching weaver who had..leistered a prime kipper.

1879 T. T. Stoddart in Academy 30 Aug. 151/2 On the banks of our Scottish salmon rivers, the designation kipper is applied to the male fish before parting with its milt, when the beak is fully developed. After spawning, it shares along with the female fish the term kelt.

1898 Westm. Gaz. 14 Oct. 7/2 The heaviest salmon..was a fine ‘kipper’, weighing close on 30 lb., which he captured on Saturday last [8th Oct.].

2. A kippered fish (salmon, herring, etc.); now esp. a herring so cured: see kipper v.It is doubtful whether the quots. from the Durham Acc. Rolls belong here; they may relate to the fish in sense A. 1, without reference to any particular mode of preparation.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > fish > cured fish > smoked fish

red herringa1399

bloat herringa1586

fumade1599

sore1600

Yarmouth capona1661

kipper1769

finnana1774

Norfolk capon1785

bukkama1805

soldier1811

bloater1832

Yarmouth bloater1832

finnie haddie1851

Californian1873

smoky1891

two-eyed steak1893

finney1906

buckling1909

lox1937

nova1964

1326 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 15 In 11 Kypres emp., 3s. 4d.

1340 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 37 In 6 kypres emp. et 1 salmone salso, 2s. 2d.

1769 Defoe's Tour Great Brit. (ed. 7) III. 336 Preserving this Fish, by making it into what they call Kipper: This is done by dividing it in the Middle from Head to Tail, and drying it slowly before a Fire.

1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering I. v. 80 Ye're no eating your meat; allow me to recommend some of the kipper—It was John Hay that catched it.

1824 T. Carlyle Let. 20 Dec. in Coll. Lett. T. & J. W. Carlyle (1970) III. 233 His heart..is dry as a Greenock kipper.

1830 M. Donovan Domest. Econ. II. iv. 231 Some people, in order to give the kipper a peculiar taste..carefully smoke it with peat-reek or the reek of juniper bushes.

a. A person, esp. a young or small person, a child. slang.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > person > child > [noun]

wenchelc890

childeOE

littleOE

littlingOE

hired-childc1275

smalla1300

brolla1325

innocentc1325

chickc1330

congeonc1330

impc1380

faunt1382

young onec1384

scionc1390

weea1400

birdc1405

chickenc1440

enfaunta1475

small boyc1475

whelp1483

burden1490

little one1509

brat?a1513

younkerkin1528

kitling1541

urchin1556

loneling1579

breed1586

budling1587

pledge?1587

ragazzo1591

simplicity1592

bantling1593

tadpole1594

two-year-old1594

bratcheta1600

lambkin1600

younker1601

dandling1611

buda1616

eyas-musketa1616

dovelinga1618

whelplinga1618

puppet1623

butter printa1625

chit1625

piggy1625

ninnyc1626

youngster1633

fairya1635

lap-child1655

chitterling1675

squeaker1676

cherub1680

kid1690

wean1692

kinchin1699

getlingc1700

totum17..

charity-child1723

small girl1734

poult1739

elfin1748

piggy-wiggy1766

piccaninny1774

suck-thumb18..

teeny1802

olive1803

sprout1813

stumpie1820

sexennarian1821

totty1822

toddle1825

toddles1828

poppet1830

brancher1833

toad1836

toddler1837

ankle-biter1840

yarkera1842

twopenny1844

weeny1844

tottykins1849

toddlekins1852

brattock1858

nipper1859

sprat1860

ninepins1862

angelet1868

tenas man1870

tad1877

tacker1885

chavvy1886

joey1887

toddleskin1890

thumb-sucker1891

littlie1893

peewee1894

tyke1894

che-ild1896

kiddo1896

mother's bairn1896

childling1903

kipper1905

pick1905

small1907

God forbid1909

preadolescent1909

subadolescent1914

toto1914

snookums1919

tweenie1919

problem child1920

squirt1924

trottie1924

tiddler1927

subteen1929

perisher1935

poopsie1937

pre-schooler1937

pre-teen1938

pre-teener1940

juvie1941

sprog1944

pikkie1945

subteenager1947

pre-teenager1948

pint-size1954

saucepan lid1960

rug rat1964

smallie1984

bosom-child-

1905 Daily Chron. 30 Mar. 4/7 The expression ‘giddy kipper’, which Mr. Charles Brookfield has introduced to Mr. Justice Darling's notice.

1907 Punch 10 Apr. 254/2 Half-a-dozen dreadfully common young bicyclists were commenting on her discomfiture with delighted exclamations of ‘Giddy old Kipper’, ‘Sweet Seventeen’, ‘Cheero, Maudie—you'll win!’

1923 M. M. Gibb Hetherington's Affinity xx. 175 If you're enterprizing enough to climb one of the trees christened by usage ‘The Kipper's Tree’, which hardly needs to be translated into plainer terms.

1959 I. Opie & P. Opie Lore & Lang. Schoolchildren ix. 170 A chap who has got duck's disease is most often labelled ‘Tich’... Alternatively: ankle biter,..kipper, microbe, midge, [etc.].

b. An Englishman, an English immigrant in Australia. Australian slang.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > British nation > English nation > [noun] > native or inhabitant of England

EnglishmaneOE

EnglishOE

startc1438

Southron1488

Englander1610

knife-man1643

Englisher1652

southern1721

John Bull1772

Saxon1810

Sassenach1815

rosbif1826

Goddam1830

Angrezi1866

Angrez1877

Percy1916

Limey1918

woodbine1918

homie1926

kipper1946

1946 R. Rivett Behind Bamboo 397/1 Kipper, Englishman.

1946 Sunday Sun (Sydney) 8 Aug. (Suppl.) 15 An able seaman on a kipper warship called the Eagle.

1963 Times Lit. Suppl. 24 May 370/2 Quite often they [sc. English immigrants in Australia] are referred to as Kippers.

1967 K. Giles Death & Mr. Prettyman ii. 57 You kippers—no guts and two faces—are only strong under the armpits... What about the east of Suez caper, eh?

4. Nautical slang. A torpedo. Cf. fish n.¹ 1f.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > hostilities at sea > naval weapons and equipment > [noun] > torpedo

torpedo1776

Whitehead1872

fish-torpedo1878

mouldy1916

fish1925

torp1929

pickle1931

kipper1953

1953 A. Mars Unbroken iii. 74 As she was only crawling along I aimed my first ‘kipper’ just a fraction ahead of her bows.

1959 G. Jenkins Twist of Sand v. 86 I evaluate its firing power at eighteen torpedoes—I think kipper is a distressing piece of naval slang—in thirty minutes.

B. adj. (attributive use of the noun.)

1. Said of a male salmon (or sea trout), at the breeding season: see A. 1. In quots. 1376, 1533-4 ‘kipper’ appears to include both sexes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > family Salmonidae (salmon) > [adjective] > of male salmon at breeding time

kipper1533

kyped1948

1376 Rolls Parl. II. 331/2 Qe null Salmon soit pris en Tamise entre Graveshend & le Pount de Henlee sur Tamise en temps q'il soit kiper: C'est assavoir, entre les Festes de l'Invention del Crois, & le Epiphanie.]

1533–4 Act 25 Hen. VIII c. 7 That no maner of persone or persones..frome the feaste of the exaltation of the holy crosse to the feaste of Seynt martyn in wynter..kyll or distroye any Salmons not in season called kepper Salmons.

1558 Act 1 Eliz. c. 17 §1 Any Salmons or Trouts, not being in Season, being Kepper-Salmons or Kepper-Trouts, Shedder-Salmons or Shedder-Trouts.

1603 G. Owen Descr. Penbrokshire (1891) 118 In wynter, when..they are found kipper, leane and vnhole~some.

1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler vi. 136 The He Salmon..is more kipper, & less able to endure a winter in the fresh water, than the She is.

1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. iv. 242 After spawning they [sc. salmon] become very poor and lean, and then are called Kipper.

2. transferred. Shaped like the lower jaw of a kipper salmon: see etymological note above.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > types of curvature > [adjective] > upwards

turned-up1621

resimated1681

turn-up1685

upturning1769

retroussé1802

kipper1822

upturned1843

upcurved1870

upswept1960

1822 J. Hogg Three Perils of Man II. ii. 50 Tam and Gibbie, with their long kipper noses, peeping over his shoulder.

Compounds

C1. attributive and in other combinations.

ΚΠ

1894 H. Caine Manxman iii. xii. 171 The ould kipper-box rolling on a block for a boat at sea—do you mind it?

1899 Daily News 27 Oct. 2/3 At Great Yarmouth, where there are some 350 boats and some 4,000 fishermen and kipper-girls engaged in the great herring fishery..some 800 girls are curing the enormous catches for the Continental and the other markets of the world.

C2.

kipper kite n. R.A.F. slang (see quot. 1943).

ΚΠ

1941 L. Walmsley Fishermen at War ix. 138 Kipper, I discovered, was airman's slang for a fishing boat. The chief function of this particular station was the escorting of convoys and fishing fleets, and the section which had the latter duty to perform was known as the ‘Kipper Patrol’.]

1942 Gen 1 Sept. 14/1 A Coastal Command plane is a ‘kipper kite’.

1943 J. L. Hunt & A. G. Pringle Service Slang 42 Kipper-kites, aircraft engaged on convoy escort duties over the North Sea and usually giving protection to the fishing-vessels.

kipper tie n. [see quot. 1969] a gaudy and very wide neck-tie.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > neck-wear > [noun] > neck-tie or cravat > neck-tie > types of > other

tawdry lace1548

tawdryne1586

tawdry1612

solitaire1731

sentiment1838

four-in-hand1892

Teck1895

Windsor1895

Windsor tie1895

shoestring tiea1902

Jemima1920

bolo tie1954

picture tie1957

bolo1962

kipper tie1966

1966 Daily Tel. 20 Jan. 15/6 Neckties are slightly wider and pointed, though not yet as floppy as London's Carnaby Street kipper ties.

1969 Guardian 16 Sept. 9/4 Michael Fish [sc. a London designer of mens~wear]..can..take credit for popularising the wide tie, named ‘kipper’ after him.

1973 Times 30 May 18/3 He had come from his Suffolk home wearing a kipper tie and black and white patterned shirt, full of energy and ideas.

† kipper-time n. Obsolete the period of close-time for salmon.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > [noun] > season > close-time for salmon

slap1424

kipper-time1706

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Kipper-Time, a Space of Time between the Festival of the Invention of the H. Cross May 3d. and Twelfth-Day; during which, Salmon-fishing in the River Thames was forbidden by Rot. Parl. 50 Edw. 3. [See quot. 1376 at sense B. 1.]

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

kipperv.

Brit.

/ˈkɪpə/, U.S.

/ˈkɪpər/

Etymology: ? < kipper n.¹If really derived from the noun, it seems most reasonable to infer that this process was originally used for the preservation of ‘kipper’ salmon; but no direct evidence has been found.

transitive and intransitive. To cure (salmon, herring, or other fish) by cleaning, rubbing repeatedly with salt and pepper or other spice, and drying in the open air or in smoke. Also transferred and figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preserving or pickling > pickle or preserve [verb (transitive)] > cure

cure1633

dun1818

kipper1835

gammon1836

1835 R. Southey in C. C. Southey Life & Corr. R. Southey (1850) VI. 281 Salmon which he had kippered the preceding night.

1863 W. F. Campbell & J. F. Campbell Life in Normandy II. 56 [Salmon out of season] are..more frequently kippered; that is to say, they are cured with salt, sugar, and spice, and then dried in the smoke.

1885 Times (Weekly ed.) 2 Oct. 15/1 Smoking and kippering them [mackerel] for winter use.

1896 R. Kipling Seven Seas 36 Know the Leevin' God, That does not kipper souls for sport or break a life in jest.

1909 R. E. Beach Silver Horde 129 He's an awful spender. I'm half kippered [= drunk] myself.

1924 Glasgow Herald 28 Jan. 10 Oily cotton-waste was picked up at the gates of yards and factories, and our hands were duly kippered over smoking lumps of this stuff.

1930 R. Campbell Adamastor 20 Hang him up to kipper in the sun.

1963 Times 14 May p. ii/3 (advt.) Central heating designed to prevent the average household from being kippered on one side and frozen on the other.

1969 Daily Tel. 30 Dec. 6/5 On the last day of addiction, smoke twice or thrice as many cigarettes as normal. The next morning you should feel sufficiently kippered as to see the sense of your new plan.

Derivatives

ˈkippered adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preserving or pickling > [adjective] > cured

kippered1773

cured1836

1773 A. Grant Let. 28 Apr. in Lett. from Mountains (1806) I. 20 We had..kippered salmon.

1863 in Tyneside Songs 91 A cask o' the best kipper'd herrins.

ˈkippering n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preserving or pickling > [noun] > curing

curing1672

cure1743

kippering1795

1795 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. XVI. 122 The kippering of salmon is successfully practised in several parts of the parish.

1885 Pall Mall Gaz. 11 June 9/2 A large kippering establishment at Stornoway.

1892 E. Reeves Homeward Bound 31 Fisher-girls..at Grimsby, splitting herrings for kippering, seven a minute.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	kipper
释义	kippern.¹adj. Brit. /ˈkɪpə/, U.S. /ˈkɪpər/ Forms: (Old English cypera), Middle English kypre, 1500s–1600s kypper, 1500s–1700s kepper, 1500s– kipper. Etymology: Etymology uncertain; it is also doubtful how sense A. 2, which goes with kipper v., is connected with 1, and indeed whether it is the same word. At the approach of the breeding season, the lower jaw of the male salmon becomes hooked upward with a sharp cartilaginous beak known as the kip, which is used as a weapon by the fish when two or more fight for the same female; from this ‘kip’, the name ‘kipper’ is currently explained; but this is not compatible with the identity of kipper and Old English cypera, Middle English kypre, which, itself, though phonetically unobjectionable, is also unproved, since the exact sense in which these words were used does not appear from the context. Moreover, in the quots. of 1376 and 1533–4, in B. 1, kipper appears to include both sexes. A. n.¹ 1. A name given to the male salmon (or sea trout) during the spawning season. (The female is then called a shedder.)Some recent writers give as the meaning ‘the male salmon when spent after the spawning season’, thus making the term equivalent to kelt n.¹; but this is not borne out by the earlier instances, which, when clear, evidently relate to the time when the fish is full of milt, and needs protection on account of its breeding value; nor does it harmonize with some later authorities, e.g. Jamieson, who says, ‘kipper, salmon in the state of spawning’; it is directly challenged by some (cf. quot. 1879); and it seems to have arisen from misapprehension of such qualifications as ‘unseasonable’, ‘not wholesome’, really applied to fish from the approach of the spawning season. For this Pennant seems largely responsible: see quot. 1769 at sense B. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > family Salmonidae (salmon) > [noun] > genus Salmo > salmo salar (salmon) > spawning male kippera1000 red fish1425 summer cock1790 a1000 Boeth. Metr. xix. 12 Hwy ge nu ne settan on sume dune fiscnet eowru, þonne eow fon lysteð leax oððe cyperan. c1567 Surv. Warkworth in Hist. Northumbld. (1899) V. 151 The salmon fishing mainteyned, no kipper slayne alonge the water of Cockett. 1581 W. Lambarde Eirenarcha (1588) iv. iv. 450 Any Salmons or Trouts, out of season, that is being kippers or shedders. 1597 Sc. Acts Jas. V §72 (heading) Of slauchter of redde fish or Kipper. 1624 in Quarter Sessions Rec. (N. Riding Rec. Soc.) (1885) III. ii. 228 For killing salmon in time of kipper. 1705 Act 4 & 5 Anne c. 21 The old Salmon or Kippers, which, during that Season [1 Jan. to 10 Mar.] are out of kind, and returning to the Sea. 1848 Chambers's Information for People (new ed.) I. 687 The adult fish [salmon] having spawned, being out of condition, and unfit for food..are..termed kelts; the male fish is sometimes also called a kipper, and the female a shedder or baggit. 1861 J. Brown Horæ Subs. 2nd Ser. 243 The poaching weaver who had..leistered a prime kipper. 1879 T. T. Stoddart in Academy 30 Aug. 151/2 On the banks of our Scottish salmon rivers, the designation kipper is applied to the male fish before parting with its milt, when the beak is fully developed. After spawning, it shares along with the female fish the term kelt. 1898 Westm. Gaz. 14 Oct. 7/2 The heaviest salmon..was a fine ‘kipper’, weighing close on 30 lb., which he captured on Saturday last [8th Oct.]. 2. A kippered fish (salmon, herring, etc.); now esp. a herring so cured: see kipper v.It is doubtful whether the quots. from the Durham Acc. Rolls belong here; they may relate to the fish in sense A. 1, without reference to any particular mode of preparation. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > fish > cured fish > smoked fish red herringa1399 bloat herringa1586 fumade1599 sore1600 Yarmouth capona1661 kipper1769 finnana1774 Norfolk capon1785 bukkama1805 soldier1811 bloater1832 Yarmouth bloater1832 finnie haddie1851 Californian1873 smoky1891 two-eyed steak1893 finney1906 buckling1909 lox1937 nova1964 1326 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 15 In 11 Kypres emp., 3s. 4d. 1340 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 37 In 6 kypres emp. et 1 salmone salso, 2s. 2d. 1769 Defoe's Tour Great Brit. (ed. 7) III. 336 Preserving this Fish, by making it into what they call Kipper: This is done by dividing it in the Middle from Head to Tail, and drying it slowly before a Fire. 1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering I. v. 80 Ye're no eating your meat; allow me to recommend some of the kipper—It was John Hay that catched it. 1824 T. Carlyle Let. 20 Dec. in Coll. Lett. T. & J. W. Carlyle (1970) III. 233 His heart..is dry as a Greenock kipper. 1830 M. Donovan Domest. Econ. II. iv. 231 Some people, in order to give the kipper a peculiar taste..carefully smoke it with peat-reek or the reek of juniper bushes. 3. a. A person, esp. a young or small person, a child. slang. ΘΚΠ the world > people > person > child > [noun] wenchelc890 childeOE littleOE littlingOE hired-childc1275 smalla1300 brolla1325 innocentc1325 chickc1330 congeonc1330 impc1380 faunt1382 young onec1384 scionc1390 weea1400 birdc1405 chickenc1440 enfaunta1475 small boyc1475 whelp1483 burden1490 little one1509 brat?a1513 younkerkin1528 kitling1541 urchin1556 loneling1579 breed1586 budling1587 pledge?1587 ragazzo1591 simplicity1592 bantling1593 tadpole1594 two-year-old1594 bratcheta1600 lambkin1600 younker1601 dandling1611 buda1616 eyas-musketa1616 dovelinga1618 whelplinga1618 puppet1623 butter printa1625 chit1625 piggy1625 ninnyc1626 youngster1633 fairya1635 lap-child1655 chitterling1675 squeaker1676 cherub1680 kid1690 wean1692 kinchin1699 getlingc1700 totum17.. charity-child1723 small girl1734 poult1739 elfin1748 piggy-wiggy1766 piccaninny1774 suck-thumb18.. teeny1802 olive1803 sprout1813 stumpie1820 sexennarian1821 totty1822 toddle1825 toddles1828 poppet1830 brancher1833 toad1836 toddler1837 ankle-biter1840 yarkera1842 twopenny1844 weeny1844 tottykins1849 toddlekins1852 brattock1858 nipper1859 sprat1860 ninepins1862 angelet1868 tenas man1870 tad1877 tacker1885 chavvy1886 joey1887 toddleskin1890 thumb-sucker1891 littlie1893 peewee1894 tyke1894 che-ild1896 kiddo1896 mother's bairn1896 childling1903 kipper1905 pick1905 small1907 God forbid1909 preadolescent1909 subadolescent1914 toto1914 snookums1919 tweenie1919 problem child1920 squirt1924 trottie1924 tiddler1927 subteen1929 perisher1935 poopsie1937 pre-schooler1937 pre-teen1938 pre-teener1940 juvie1941 sprog1944 pikkie1945 subteenager1947 pre-teenager1948 pint-size1954 saucepan lid1960 rug rat1964 smallie1984 bosom-child- 1905 Daily Chron. 30 Mar. 4/7 The expression ‘giddy kipper’, which Mr. Charles Brookfield has introduced to Mr. Justice Darling's notice. 1907 Punch 10 Apr. 254/2 Half-a-dozen dreadfully common young bicyclists were commenting on her discomfiture with delighted exclamations of ‘Giddy old Kipper’, ‘Sweet Seventeen’, ‘Cheero, Maudie—you'll win!’ 1923 M. M. Gibb Hetherington's Affinity xx. 175 If you're enterprizing enough to climb one of the trees christened by usage ‘The Kipper's Tree’, which hardly needs to be translated into plainer terms. 1959 I. Opie & P. Opie Lore & Lang. Schoolchildren ix. 170 A chap who has got duck's disease is most often labelled ‘Tich’... Alternatively: ankle biter,..kipper, microbe, midge, [etc.]. b. An Englishman, an English immigrant in Australia. Australian slang. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > British nation > English nation > [noun] > native or inhabitant of England EnglishmaneOE EnglishOE startc1438 Southron1488 Englander1610 knife-man1643 Englisher1652 southern1721 John Bull1772 Saxon1810 Sassenach1815 rosbif1826 Goddam1830 Angrezi1866 Angrez1877 Percy1916 Limey1918 woodbine1918 homie1926 kipper1946 1946 R. Rivett Behind Bamboo 397/1 Kipper, Englishman. 1946 Sunday Sun (Sydney) 8 Aug. (Suppl.) 15 An able seaman on a kipper warship called the Eagle. 1963 Times Lit. Suppl. 24 May 370/2 Quite often they [sc. English immigrants in Australia] are referred to as Kippers. 1967 K. Giles Death & Mr. Prettyman ii. 57 You kippers—no guts and two faces—are only strong under the armpits... What about the east of Suez caper, eh? 4. Nautical slang. A torpedo. Cf. fish n.¹ 1f. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > hostilities at sea > naval weapons and equipment > [noun] > torpedo torpedo1776 Whitehead1872 fish-torpedo1878 mouldy1916 fish1925 torp1929 pickle1931 kipper1953 1953 A. Mars Unbroken iii. 74 As she was only crawling along I aimed my first ‘kipper’ just a fraction ahead of her bows. 1959 G. Jenkins Twist of Sand v. 86 I evaluate its firing power at eighteen torpedoes—I think kipper is a distressing piece of naval slang—in thirty minutes. B. adj. (attributive use of the noun.) 1. Said of a male salmon (or sea trout), at the breeding season: see A. 1. In quots. 1376, 1533-4 ‘kipper’ appears to include both sexes. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > family Salmonidae (salmon) > [adjective] > of male salmon at breeding time kipper1533 kyped1948 1376 Rolls Parl. II. 331/2 Qe null Salmon soit pris en Tamise entre Graveshend & le Pount de Henlee sur Tamise en temps q'il soit kiper: C'est assavoir, entre les Festes de l'Invention del Crois, & le Epiphanie.] 1533–4 Act 25 Hen. VIII c. 7 That no maner of persone or persones..frome the feaste of the exaltation of the holy crosse to the feaste of Seynt martyn in wynter..kyll or distroye any Salmons not in season called kepper Salmons. 1558 Act 1 Eliz. c. 17 §1 Any Salmons or Trouts, not being in Season, being Kepper-Salmons or Kepper-Trouts, Shedder-Salmons or Shedder-Trouts. 1603 G. Owen Descr. Penbrokshire (1891) 118 In wynter, when..they are found kipper, leane and vnhole~some. 1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler vi. 136 The He Salmon..is more kipper, & less able to endure a winter in the fresh water, than the She is. View more context for this quotation 1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. iv. 242 After spawning they [sc. salmon] become very poor and lean, and then are called Kipper. 2. transferred. Shaped like the lower jaw of a kipper salmon: see etymological note above. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > types of curvature > [adjective] > upwards turned-up1621 resimated1681 turn-up1685 upturning1769 retroussé1802 kipper1822 upturned1843 upcurved1870 upswept1960 1822 J. Hogg Three Perils of Man II. ii. 50 Tam and Gibbie, with their long kipper noses, peeping over his shoulder. Compounds C1. attributive and in other combinations. ΚΠ 1894 H. Caine Manxman iii. xii. 171 The ould kipper-box rolling on a block for a boat at sea—do you mind it? 1899 Daily News 27 Oct. 2/3 At Great Yarmouth, where there are some 350 boats and some 4,000 fishermen and kipper-girls engaged in the great herring fishery..some 800 girls are curing the enormous catches for the Continental and the other markets of the world. C2. kipper kite n. R.A.F. slang (see quot. 1943). ΚΠ 1941 L. Walmsley Fishermen at War ix. 138 Kipper, I discovered, was airman's slang for a fishing boat. The chief function of this particular station was the escorting of convoys and fishing fleets, and the section which had the latter duty to perform was known as the ‘Kipper Patrol’.] 1942 Gen 1 Sept. 14/1 A Coastal Command plane is a ‘kipper kite’. 1943 J. L. Hunt & A. G. Pringle Service Slang 42 Kipper-kites, aircraft engaged on convoy escort duties over the North Sea and usually giving protection to the fishing-vessels. kipper tie n. [see quot. 1969] a gaudy and very wide neck-tie. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > neck-wear > [noun] > neck-tie or cravat > neck-tie > types of > other tawdry lace1548 tawdryne1586 tawdry1612 solitaire1731 sentiment1838 four-in-hand1892 Teck1895 Windsor1895 Windsor tie1895 shoestring tiea1902 Jemima1920 bolo tie1954 picture tie1957 bolo1962 kipper tie1966 1966 Daily Tel. 20 Jan. 15/6 Neckties are slightly wider and pointed, though not yet as floppy as London's Carnaby Street kipper ties. 1969 Guardian 16 Sept. 9/4 Michael Fish [sc. a London designer of mens~wear]..can..take credit for popularising the wide tie, named ‘kipper’ after him. 1973 Times 30 May 18/3 He had come from his Suffolk home wearing a kipper tie and black and white patterned shirt, full of energy and ideas. † kipper-time n. Obsolete the period of close-time for salmon. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > [noun] > season > close-time for salmon slap1424 kipper-time1706 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Kipper-Time, a Space of Time between the Festival of the Invention of the H. Cross May 3d. and Twelfth-Day; during which, Salmon-fishing in the River Thames was forbidden by Rot. Parl. 50 Edw. 3. [See quot. 1376 at sense B. 1.] This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online June 2022). kippern.² Brit. /ˈkɪpə/, U.S. /ˈkɪpər/, Australian English /ˈkɪpə/ Etymology: < Dharuk (Sydney region) gibara, < giba a stone (used as an implement for the ceremonial extraction of teeth). Australian. A young Australian Aboriginal man who has been initiated and is admitted to the rights of manhood. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > New Zealand and Australian indigenous peoples > Australian Aboriginal peoples > [noun] > young kipper1841 1841 C. Eipper Statement German Mission to Aborigines 8 With these weapons the natives invest their young men at the age of from fourteen to sixteen years... These young men are then called kippers, and for the first time enjoy the privilege of taking an active part in the fight. 1853 H. B. Jones Adventures Austral. 126 Around us sat ‘Kippers’, i.e. ‘hobbledehoy blacks’. 1885 R. C. Praed Austral. Life i. 24 A ceremony at which the young men..receive the rank of warriors and are henceforth called Kippers. 1966 W. S. Ramson Austral. Eng. vi. 129 Bora, ‘a rite of initiation’, kipper, used of a youth who has passed through such a rite, and boyla and koradji, ‘an aboriginal medicine-man or witchdoctor’, are used only in their original and specific senses. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online June 2021). kipperv. Brit. /ˈkɪpə/, U.S. /ˈkɪpər/ Etymology: ? < kipper n.¹If really derived from the noun, it seems most reasonable to infer that this process was originally used for the preservation of ‘kipper’ salmon; but no direct evidence has been found. transitive and intransitive. To cure (salmon, herring, or other fish) by cleaning, rubbing repeatedly with salt and pepper or other spice, and drying in the open air or in smoke. Also transferred and figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preserving or pickling > pickle or preserve [verb (transitive)] > cure cure1633 dun1818 kipper1835 gammon1836 1835 R. Southey in C. C. Southey Life & Corr. R. Southey (1850) VI. 281 Salmon which he had kippered the preceding night. 1863 W. F. Campbell & J. F. Campbell Life in Normandy II. 56 [Salmon out of season] are..more frequently kippered; that is to say, they are cured with salt, sugar, and spice, and then dried in the smoke. 1885 Times (Weekly ed.) 2 Oct. 15/1 Smoking and kippering them [mackerel] for winter use. 1896 R. Kipling Seven Seas 36 Know the Leevin' God, That does not kipper souls for sport or break a life in jest. 1909 R. E. Beach Silver Horde 129 He's an awful spender. I'm half kippered [= drunk] myself. 1924 Glasgow Herald 28 Jan. 10 Oily cotton-waste was picked up at the gates of yards and factories, and our hands were duly kippered over smoking lumps of this stuff. 1930 R. Campbell Adamastor 20 Hang him up to kipper in the sun. 1963 Times 14 May p. ii/3 (advt.) Central heating designed to prevent the average household from being kippered on one side and frozen on the other. 1969 Daily Tel. 30 Dec. 6/5 On the last day of addiction, smoke twice or thrice as many cigarettes as normal. The next morning you should feel sufficiently kippered as to see the sense of your new plan. Derivatives ˈkippered adj. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preserving or pickling > [adjective] > cured kippered1773 cured1836 1773 A. Grant Let. 28 Apr. in Lett. from Mountains (1806) I. 20 We had..kippered salmon. 1863 in Tyneside Songs 91 A cask o' the best kipper'd herrins. ˈkippering n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preserving or pickling > [noun] > curing curing1672 cure1743 kippering1795 1795 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. XVI. 122 The kippering of salmon is successfully practised in several parts of the parish. 1885 Pall Mall Gaz. 11 June 9/2 A large kippering establishment at Stornoway. 1892 E. Reeves Homeward Bound 31 Fisher-girls..at Grimsby, splitting herrings for kippering, seven a minute. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹adj.a1000n.²1841v.1773
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kippern.1adj.

Compounds

kippern.2

kipperv.

Derivatives

kippern.¹adj.

kippern.²