kirtlen.¹

Brit.

/ˈkəːtl/, U.S.

/ˈkərd(ə)l/

Forms: α. Old English cyrtel, Middle English cuertel, cuyrtel, Middle English–1500s cur-, kur-, -tel(l(e, -til, -tyll; Middle English cortel, cortyl. β. Middle English cer-, kier-, Middle English kertel, (Middle English kertyl), 1500s kertle, 1500s–1600s kertell. γ. Middle English cirtil, Middle English–1700s kir-, kyr-, -tel, -til, etc., Middle English– kirtle, (1500s–1700s kyrtle).

Etymology: Old English cyrtel = Old Norse kyrtill tunic (Danish kjortel tunic, gown, Swedish kjortel skirt, petticoat) < *kurtil-, apparently a diminutive of *kurt- ‘short’, commonly regarded as an early adoption of Latin curtus. The sense ‘short coat’, as opposed to ‘long gown’, would suit the ordinary meaning of the Old Norse word, but does not apply to the use in English.

1. A man's tunic or coat, originally a garment reaching to the knees or lower, sometimes forming the only body-garment, but more usually worn with a shirt beneath and a cloak or mantle above.In early instances frequently transl. Latin tunica. As the common name for an article of male attire, kirtle seems to have gone out of use about or shortly after 1500; writers of the 16th and 17th centuries use it chiefly in describing robes of state. It survived to some extent in dialects, applied to a short jacket or blouse (see quots. 1706, 1828).

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > other

kirtlec893

viteroke?c1225

bleauntc1314

surcoata1330

paltock1353

courtepy1362

tunicle1377

gipona1387

juponc1400

petticoatc1425

wardecorpsc1440

placard1483

galbart1488

corsletc1500

truss1563

gippo1617

juste-au-corps1656

fore-belly1663

vest1666

justicoat1669

coat1670

amiculum1722

arba kanfot1738

slip1762

hap-warm1773

aba1792

Moldave1800

abaya1810

saya1811

tzitzit1816

cote-hardie1834

tobe1835

yelek1836

panties1845

cyclas1846

exomis1850

himation1850

jumper1853

blouse1861

peplum1866

exomion1875

confection1885

lammy1886

surquayne1887

bluey1888

fatigue-blouse1890

sling-jacket1900

top1902

sun top1934

sillapak1942

tank top1949

ao dai1961

tank1985

c893 tr. Orosius Hist. i. i. §17 Se byrdesta sceall gyldan..berenne kyrtel oððe yterenne.

c1000 Ælfric Homilies I. 64 Nimað þis gold..Bicgað eow pællene cyrtlas.

c1160 Hatton Gosp. Matt. vii. 15 Warnieð eow wið leasan witegen, þe cumeð to eow on sceapene kertlen.

c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 139 He ches..Stiue here to shurte and gret sac to curtle.

c1200 Vices & Virtues 127 Se þe benimð ðe þine kiertel, ȝif him þine mantel.

c1290 Becket 1155 in S. Eng. Leg. I. 139 Is Cuyrtel ȝwijt blaunket.

1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) VII. 307 Þe curtelle of wolle and a pilche.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4161 His kyrtil [Gött. cirtil] sal we riue and rend.

c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Miller's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 135 Yclad he was..Al in a kirtel of a light waget.

a1440 Sir Eglam. 1255 To onarme hym the knyght goys In cortyls, sorcatys and schorte clothys.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccxxxvii. f. clx A man..barefote, & in a whyte kyrtell.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Kyrtyll of a kynge worne vnder the mantyll of estate, trabea.

1577 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. v. i. 116 Giuing them [knights of the Garter] a kirtle, gowne, cloke, chaperon [etc.].

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Kirtle, a kind of short Jacket.

1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Odyssey in Iliad & Odyssey II. xiii. 485 In such a kirtle as the eyes of all Shall loath to look on.

1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) at Kytle A kirtle, or a short coat without laps or skirts.

1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. III 341 A white-haired elder clad in kirtle red.

2. (a) A woman's gown. (b) A skirt or outer petticoat. (See quot. a1825 at α. .)Apparently in common use down to about 1650, and now, as an archaism, much more frequent than sense 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > robe or gown > types of > for women

kirtlec995

gown1397

semar1673

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > clothing for lower body > skirt > types of > outer skirt > for protection when riding

kirtlec995

safeguard1578

seggard1746

weather-skirt1903

α.

c995 in Kemble Cod. Dipl. VI. 133 Hio becwið Æðelf[læde] Elhhelmmes dehter..hyre twili brocenan cyrtel.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2491 Heo nom hire on anne curtel [c1300 Otho cuertel]..hire hem heo up i-tæh. hire cneon he was swiðe neh.

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) ii. l. 2989 Scho ȝede out in hir smok..withouten kirtelle or kemse.

c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 203 Her cortel..With precios perlez al umbe-pyghte.

c1440 Generydes 4395 The quene dede on hir kirtill fayre and well.

c1485 Digby Myst. v. 165 Here entreth v. virgynes in white kertelys.

c1540 Image Ipocrysy i, in J. Skelton Poet. Wks. (1843) ii. 417 Your curtells be of sylke, With rochetes white as mylke.

1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue i. x. sig. D And ny is my kyrtell, but nere is my smocke.

1650 J. Howell tr. A. Giraffi Hist. Revol. Naples (1664) ii. 9 Ladies and gentlewomen were for~bidden likewise to go abroad with wide-hoop'd gowns or kirtles.

1748 W. Shenstone School-mistress viii, in R. Dodsley Coll. Poems (ed. 2) I. 250 A russet kirtle fenc'd the nipping air.

a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Kirtle, an outer petticoat to protect the other garments from dust, &c. in riding... Scarcely, if ever, heard of now that pillions are so gone out of use.

1873 ‘Ouida’ Pascarèl I. 117 In her ruddy serge kirtle and her great Tuscan hat.

3. figurative. A coat or covering of any kind; a coating of paint.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > [noun] > a covering > like a garment

weedOE

robec1225

kirtle1398

vestment1483

vesture1526

apron1535

gabardine1542

garment1585

tire1594

dress1608

garb1613

cowl1658

investiture1660

dressing1835

pinafore1845

cloak1876

1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum iii. xvii. (Tollem. MS.) Þe smale curtyles and humouris of þe ye.

c1420 Pallad. on Husb. i. 417 Thre kyrtils do theron, of marbul greyne; But first let on be drie, and then engre[y]ne A smaller cote aboue on that.

1582 S. Batman Vppon Bartholome, De Proprietatibus Rerum v. iv. 38 The eye is made of tenne things. Of seauen smal curtils, and three humours.

1878 R. W. Gilder Poet & Master 14 The gray rock had not made Of the vine its glistening kirtle.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations.

ΚΠ

1530 in F. W. Weaver Wells Wills (1890) 118 To by a kyrtilcloth for my mother.

1725 Cock-laird in Orpheus Caledonius (1829) I maun hae a silk hood, A kirtle-sark, wyliecoat, And a silk snood.

a1800 Clerk's Twa Sons in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Ballads (1857) II. 67 Ben it came the Mayor's dauchters Wi' kirtle coat alone.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	kirtle
释义	kirtlen.¹ Brit. /ˈkəːtl/, U.S. /ˈkərd(ə)l/ Forms: α. Old English cyrtel, Middle English cuertel, cuyrtel, Middle English–1500s cur-, kur-, -tel(l(e, -til, -tyll; Middle English cortel, cortyl. β. Middle English cer-, kier-, Middle English kertel, (Middle English kertyl), 1500s kertle, 1500s–1600s kertell. γ. Middle English cirtil, Middle English–1700s kir-, kyr-, -tel, -til, etc., Middle English– kirtle, (1500s–1700s kyrtle). Etymology: Old English cyrtel = Old Norse kyrtill tunic (Danish kjortel tunic, gown, Swedish kjortel skirt, petticoat) < kurtil-, apparently a diminutive of kurt- ‘short’, commonly regarded as an early adoption of Latin curtus. The sense ‘short coat’, as opposed to ‘long gown’, would suit the ordinary meaning of the Old Norse word, but does not apply to the use in English. 1. A man's tunic or coat, originally a garment reaching to the knees or lower, sometimes forming the only body-garment, but more usually worn with a shirt beneath and a cloak or mantle above.In early instances frequently transl. Latin tunica. As the common name for an article of male attire, kirtle seems to have gone out of use about or shortly after 1500; writers of the 16th and 17th centuries use it chiefly in describing robes of state. It survived to some extent in dialects, applied to a short jacket or blouse (see quots. 1706, 1828). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > other kirtlec893 viteroke?c1225 bleauntc1314 surcoata1330 paltock1353 courtepy1362 tunicle1377 gipona1387 juponc1400 petticoatc1425 wardecorpsc1440 placard1483 galbart1488 corsletc1500 truss1563 gippo1617 juste-au-corps1656 fore-belly1663 vest1666 justicoat1669 coat1670 amiculum1722 arba kanfot1738 slip1762 hap-warm1773 aba1792 Moldave1800 abaya1810 saya1811 tzitzit1816 cote-hardie1834 tobe1835 yelek1836 panties1845 cyclas1846 exomis1850 himation1850 jumper1853 blouse1861 peplum1866 exomion1875 confection1885 lammy1886 surquayne1887 bluey1888 fatigue-blouse1890 sling-jacket1900 top1902 sun top1934 sillapak1942 tank top1949 ao dai1961 tank1985 c893 tr. Orosius Hist. i. i. §17 Se byrdesta sceall gyldan..berenne kyrtel oððe yterenne. c1000 Ælfric Homilies I. 64 Nimað þis gold..Bicgað eow pællene cyrtlas. c1160 Hatton Gosp. Matt. vii. 15 Warnieð eow wið leasan witegen, þe cumeð to eow on sceapene kertlen. c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 139 He ches..Stiue here to shurte and gret sac to curtle. c1200 Vices & Virtues 127 Se þe benimð ðe þine kiertel, ȝif him þine mantel. c1290 Becket 1155 in S. Eng. Leg. I. 139 Is Cuyrtel ȝwijt blaunket. 1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) VII. 307 Þe curtelle of wolle and a pilche. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4161 His kyrtil [Gött. cirtil] sal we riue and rend. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Miller's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 135 Yclad he was..Al in a kirtel of a light waget. a1440 Sir Eglam. 1255 To onarme hym the knyght goys In cortyls, sorcatys and schorte clothys. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccxxxvii. f. clx A man..barefote, & in a whyte kyrtell. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Kyrtyll of a kynge worne vnder the mantyll of estate, trabea. 1577 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. v. i. 116 Giuing them [knights of the Garter] a kirtle, gowne, cloke, chaperon [etc.]. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Kirtle, a kind of short Jacket. 1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Odyssey in Iliad & Odyssey II. xiii. 485 In such a kirtle as the eyes of all Shall loath to look on. 1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) at Kytle A kirtle, or a short coat without laps or skirts. 1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. III 341 A white-haired elder clad in kirtle red. 2. (a) A woman's gown. (b) A skirt or outer petticoat. (See quot. a1825 at α. .)Apparently in common use down to about 1650, and now, as an archaism, much more frequent than sense 1. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > robe or gown > types of > for women kirtlec995 gown1397 semar1673 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > clothing for lower body > skirt > types of > outer skirt > for protection when riding kirtlec995 safeguard1578 seggard1746 weather-skirt1903 α. c995 in Kemble Cod. Dipl. VI. 133 Hio becwið Æðelf[læde] Elhhelmmes dehter..hyre twili brocenan cyrtel. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2491 Heo nom hire on anne curtel [c1300 Otho cuertel]..hire hem heo up i-tæh. hire cneon he was swiðe neh. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) ii. l. 2989 Scho ȝede out in hir smok..withouten kirtelle or kemse. c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 203 Her cortel..With precios perlez al umbe-pyghte. c1440 Generydes 4395 The quene dede on hir kirtill fayre and well. c1485 Digby Myst. v. 165 Here entreth v. virgynes in white kertelys. c1540 Image Ipocrysy i, in J. Skelton Poet. Wks. (1843) ii. 417 Your curtells be of sylke, With rochetes white as mylke. 1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue i. x. sig. D And ny is my kyrtell, but nere is my smocke. 1650 J. Howell tr. A. Giraffi Hist. Revol. Naples (1664) ii. 9 Ladies and gentlewomen were for~bidden likewise to go abroad with wide-hoop'd gowns or kirtles. 1748 W. Shenstone School-mistress viii, in R. Dodsley Coll. Poems (ed. 2) I. 250 A russet kirtle fenc'd the nipping air. a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Kirtle, an outer petticoat to protect the other garments from dust, &c. in riding... Scarcely, if ever, heard of now that pillions are so gone out of use. 1873 ‘Ouida’ Pascarèl I. 117 In her ruddy serge kirtle and her great Tuscan hat. 3. figurative. A coat or covering of any kind; a coating of paint. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > [noun] > a covering > like a garment weedOE robec1225 kirtle1398 vestment1483 vesture1526 apron1535 gabardine1542 garment1585 tire1594 dress1608 garb1613 cowl1658 investiture1660 dressing1835 pinafore1845 cloak1876 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum iii. xvii. (Tollem. MS.) Þe smale curtyles and humouris of þe ye. c1420 Pallad. on Husb. i. 417 Thre kyrtils do theron, of marbul greyne; But first let on be drie, and then engre[y]ne A smaller cote aboue on that. 1582 S. Batman Vppon Bartholome, De Proprietatibus Rerum v. iv. 38 The eye is made of tenne things. Of seauen smal curtils, and three humours. 1878 R. W. Gilder Poet & Master 14 The gray rock had not made Of the vine its glistening kirtle. Compounds attributive and in other combinations. ΚΠ 1530 in F. W. Weaver Wells Wills (1890) 118 To by a kyrtilcloth for my mother. 1725 Cock-laird in Orpheus Caledonius (1829) I maun hae a silk hood, A kirtle-sark, wyliecoat, And a silk snood. a1800 Clerk's Twa Sons in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Ballads (1857) II. 67 Ben it came the Mayor's dauchters Wi' kirtle coat alone. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † kirtlen.² Obsolete. ? An error for kintle, quintal n. ΚΠ 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 106/2 Kirtle Flax is twelve heads in a bunch, and is about an hundred pounds in weight. 1717 Dict. Rusticum (ed. 2) A Kirtle of Flax is the quantity of about a Hundred-pounds Weight, containing twelve Heads in a Bunch. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2021). kirtlev. Brit. /ˈkəːtl/, U.S. /ˈkərd(ə)l/ Etymology: < kirtle n.¹ transitive. To cover or envelop as with a kirtle. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > wrapping > wrap [verb (transitive)] > enfold or envelop > in a surrounding medium belapc1175 take?a1300 wrapa1382 environa1393 enumberc1400 involvea1420 enfoldc1425 bewrapa1430 mantlec1450 envelop1474 enwrap1545 imply1590 circumvolve1607 circumfuse1608 becloaka1618 swathe1624 gird1645 wrap1656 velope1722 steep1798 bathe1816 cloak1818 impall1852 atmosphere1881 kirtle1888 1888 A. S. Wilson Lyric of Hopeless Love lxviii Dreams Kirtle thee in robes too fair For jealous Dawn to see thee wear. 1896 J. Lumsden Poems 198 Corn fields..Kyrtle This God's acre like a queen. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹c893n.²1688v.1888
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kirtlen.1

Compounds

† kirtlen.2

kirtlev.

kirtlen.¹

† kirtlen.²