kung fun.

Brit.

/ˌkʌŋ ˈfuː/,

/ˌkʊŋ ˈfuː/, U.S.

/ˌkəŋ ˈfu/,

/ˌkʊŋ ˈfu/

Forms: 1800s cong fou (in sense 1), 1800s– cong fu (now historical), 1800s– kung fu, 1900s– gong fu, 1900s– gung fu, 1900s– kung foo. Also as one word.

Origin: A borrowing from Chinese. Etymon: Chinese gōngfu.

Etymology: < Chinese gōngfu (Wade-Giles transcription kung fu; Cantonese gūngfu; already in Middle Chinese (4th cent. or earlier)) high level of skill or expertise in any field, effort and time spent on a job < gōng skill, achievement + -fu , of uncertain function, perhaps a suffix (written with the same character as fū (adult) man, person). In sense 1 originally after French †cong-fou, in the same sense (J. Amiot 1779; now kung fu, denoting Chinese martial arts).The Chinese word occurs in various phrases, as e.g. yǒu gōngfu to have skill (implying effort; already in Middle Chinese), xià gōngfu to invest (time and) effort, shūfǎ gōngfu skill in calligraphy, and (with reference to martial arts) shàolín gōngfu Shaolin kung fu, literally ‘skill in (the martial art of) Shaolin’ (compare Shaolin n.). The traditional Chinese (Mandarin) word for the martial arts (collectively) is wǔshù wushu n.

1. A form of physical exercise practised in China involving the placing of the body in specific positions and modification of the breathing intended to prevent or cure illness. Now historical.In early use often with the.

ΚΠ

1842 tr. Comte de Mellet Let. in Magnet (N.Y.) July 30/1 I begged him to inform me if the cong-fou would not agree to all therein contained.

1856 M. Roth Hand-bk. Movement Cure p. v The Cong-fu is a treatment of diseases by various ways of breathing, in previously determined positions.

1895 J. Dudgeon in Jrnl. Peking Oriental Soc. 3 359 Amiot says Kung-fu consists in two things,—the posture of the body, and the manner of respiration.

2012 P. H. Werner et al. Teaching Children Gymnastics (ed. 3) i. 5 The Chinese practiced a series of medical exercises called kung fu. They thought diseases resulted from inactivity of the body, so they developed medical gymnastics, or kung fu.

2. Any of various forms of Chinese martial art which may include armed and unarmed elements and are characterized in particular by quick, fluid movements. Cf. wushu n.Many different forms of martial arts are or have been classed as types of kung fu. See e.g. Jeet Kune Do n.Shaolin n., Wing Chun n.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > martial arts > [noun] > karate, etc.

kung fu1920

karate1955

Tang Soo Do1957

taekwondo1962

Shotokan1963

Wing Chun1967

Shorin ryu1974

1920 North-China Herald 8 May 343/1 We put Chinese Kung-fu or boxing first.

1963 B. Lee (title) Chinese gung fu.

1974 Bookseller 13 Apr. 1961/1 There has been a great upsurge of popular interest recently in kung fu, the ancient Chinese art of self-defence, encouraged by the films of Bruce Lee.

2011 M. Sweet Zhu Mao xxiii. 158 I could teach gong fu, and tai chi, and quigong.

2021 China Daily (Nexis) 15 July Since he took up kung fu, his strength and endurance have improved greatly.

Compounds

C1. General use as a modifier (in sense 2), as in kung fu kick, kung fu movie, etc.

ΚΠ

1965 Black Belt June 16/2 He divides his time between teaching bukulan and assisting with the instruction at a nearby kung-fu school.

1972 Winnipeg Free Press 24 Oct. 51/5 The first Canadian open full contact Gung-Fu championships in Edmonton.

1991 Independent (Nexis) 22 Aug. (Arts section) 16 Leaping up and executing a perfect kung-fu kick.

2016 New Yorker 11 Apr. 24/3 When he spied an opening, he attacked, leaping through the air like a fighter in a kung-fu movie.

C2.

kung fu master n. a person skilled and experienced in Chinese martial arts.

ΚΠ

1963 Black Belt Summer 4/2 (advt.) Lee Ying-Arng.., who teaches Kung-Fu in Hong Kong, is the first qualified Kung-Fu Master to have written a book on the subject in English.

2007 Guardian 27 Sept. (G2 section) 3/1 The kung fu masters of China's Shaolin temple.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022).

单词	kung fu
释义	kung fun. Brit. /ˌkʌŋ ˈfuː/, /ˌkʊŋ ˈfuː/, U.S. /ˌkəŋ ˈfu/, /ˌkʊŋ ˈfu/ Forms: 1800s cong fou (in sense 1), 1800s– cong fu (now historical), 1800s– kung fu, 1900s– gong fu, 1900s– gung fu, 1900s– kung foo. Also as one word. Origin: A borrowing from Chinese. Etymon: Chinese gōngfu. Etymology: < Chinese gōngfu (Wade-Giles transcription kung fu; Cantonese gūngfu; already in Middle Chinese (4th cent. or earlier)) high level of skill or expertise in any field, effort and time spent on a job < gōng skill, achievement + -fu , of uncertain function, perhaps a suffix (written with the same character as fū (adult) man, person). In sense 1 originally after French †cong-fou, in the same sense (J. Amiot 1779; now kung fu, denoting Chinese martial arts).The Chinese word occurs in various phrases, as e.g. yǒu gōngfu to have skill (implying effort; already in Middle Chinese), xià gōngfu to invest (time and) effort, shūfǎ gōngfu skill in calligraphy, and (with reference to martial arts) shàolín gōngfu Shaolin kung fu, literally ‘skill in (the martial art of) Shaolin’ (compare Shaolin n.). The traditional Chinese (Mandarin) word for the martial arts (collectively) is wǔshù wushu n. 1. A form of physical exercise practised in China involving the placing of the body in specific positions and modification of the breathing intended to prevent or cure illness. Now historical.In early use often with the. ΚΠ 1842 tr. Comte de Mellet Let. in Magnet (N.Y.) July 30/1 I begged him to inform me if the cong-fou would not agree to all therein contained. 1856 M. Roth Hand-bk. Movement Cure p. v The Cong-fu is a treatment of diseases by various ways of breathing, in previously determined positions. 1895 J. Dudgeon in Jrnl. Peking Oriental Soc. 3 359 Amiot says Kung-fu consists in two things,—the posture of the body, and the manner of respiration. 2012 P. H. Werner et al. Teaching Children Gymnastics (ed. 3) i. 5 The Chinese practiced a series of medical exercises called kung fu. They thought diseases resulted from inactivity of the body, so they developed medical gymnastics, or kung fu. 2. Any of various forms of Chinese martial art which may include armed and unarmed elements and are characterized in particular by quick, fluid movements. Cf. wushu n.Many different forms of martial arts are or have been classed as types of kung fu. See e.g. Jeet Kune Do n.Shaolin n., Wing Chun n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > martial arts > [noun] > karate, etc. kung fu1920 karate1955 Tang Soo Do1957 taekwondo1962 Shotokan1963 Wing Chun1967 Shorin ryu1974 1920 North-China Herald 8 May 343/1 We put Chinese Kung-fu or boxing first. 1963 B. Lee (title) Chinese gung fu. 1974 Bookseller 13 Apr. 1961/1 There has been a great upsurge of popular interest recently in kung fu, the ancient Chinese art of self-defence, encouraged by the films of Bruce Lee. 2011 M. Sweet Zhu Mao xxiii. 158 I could teach gong fu, and tai chi, and quigong. 2021 China Daily (Nexis) 15 July Since he took up kung fu, his strength and endurance have improved greatly. Compounds C1. General use as a modifier (in sense 2), as in kung fu kick, kung fu movie, etc. ΚΠ 1965 Black Belt June 16/2 He divides his time between teaching bukulan and assisting with the instruction at a nearby kung-fu school. 1972 Winnipeg Free Press 24 Oct. 51/5 The first Canadian open full contact Gung-Fu championships in Edmonton. 1991 Independent (Nexis) 22 Aug. (Arts section) 16 Leaping up and executing a perfect kung-fu kick. 2016 New Yorker 11 Apr. 24/3 When he spied an opening, he attacked, leaping through the air like a fighter in a kung-fu movie. C2. kung fu master n. a person skilled and experienced in Chinese martial arts. ΚΠ 1963 Black Belt Summer 4/2 (advt.) Lee Ying-Arng.., who teaches Kung-Fu in Hong Kong, is the first qualified Kung-Fu Master to have written a book on the subject in English. 2007 Guardian 27 Sept. (G2 section) 3/1 The kung fu masters of China's Shaolin temple. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022). < n.1842
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