Kolben.
/ˈkɒlbə/ Chemistry.
Used attributively and in the possessive to designate two syntheses devised by Kolbe: (a) the electrolysis of a salt of a carboxylic acid, R·COOH, to yield a (substituted) paraffin R2; and (b) the reaction between sodium phenoxide and carbon dioxide to yield sodium salicylate.
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Kolbe1885
pericyclic1969
1885 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 48 982 The successive reactions in Kolbe's process are then (1) the formation of sodium phenyl carbonate..; (2) the conversion of this substance into sodium salicylate..; and (3) the formation of disodium salicylate and phenol.
1915 Chem. Abstr. 9 294 The K and NH4 salts, on electrolysis, give first an alk. and later an acid reaction, the electrolysis probably proceeding in accordance with Kolbe's..reaction.
1926 J. Read Text-bk. Org. Chem. xxvi. 570 Kolbe's reaction is also given by other phenols.
1942 R. C. Fuson & H. R. Snyder Org. Chem. xi. 133 Still higher members [of the dibasic acid series] may be made by the Kolbe electrolysis of the potassium salt of an acid ester.
1951 I. L. Finar Org. Chem. I. xxviii. 557 The original industrial method of preparing salicylic acid was Kolbe's synthesis (1859)... The method now used is a modification of the Kolbe synthesis..known as the Kolbe-Schmidt method. It is carried out by heating sodium phenoxide with carbon dioxide at 120–140° under pressure.
1969 R. C. Denney Named Org. Reactions xxiii. 76 Woolford has used the Kolbe reaction to prepare long-chain ω, ω′-dibromohydrocarbons which can only be obtained with considerable difficulties by other methods.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1976; most recently modified version published online September 2018).
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n.1885