lachesn.

Brit.

/ˈlatʃᵻz/,

/ˈleɪtʃᵻz/, U.S.

/ˈlætʃəz/,

/ˈleɪtʃᵻz/

Forms: Middle English lacches, Middle English lacchesse, Middle English lachesce, Middle English lahches, Middle English lahchesse, Middle English laschesse, Middle English latchesse, Middle English–1700s latches, Middle English–1700s (1900s– archaic) lachesse, Middle English– laches, 1600s lasches, 1600s–1700s lachess, 1600s–1700s latchess.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French laches.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman lachés, lachesse, lachesce, laschés, Anglo-Norman and Middle French laschece, laschesse, laches (French (now regional: Béarnais) lâchesse ) laziness, sloth (second quarter of the 13th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), laxity, negligence (late 13th cent. or earlier; 12th cent. in Old French (rare) in sense ‘fatigue’), in Anglo-Norman also negligence in the performance of a legal duty (end of the 13th cent. or earlier), failure or delay to take legal steps (early 14th cent. or earlier) < lache , lasche lash adj. + -esce , -esse -ess suffix².With the usual modern form perhaps compare riches n.

a. Law. Delay in asserting a right, claiming a privilege, or making an application for remedy, such as to bar its being granted. Also (in early use): negligence in the performance of a legal obligation.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > specific offences > [noun] > negligence, etc.

lachesa1325

temerarity1475

nonfeasancea1626

negligencea1691

culpa1861

a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) xiii. 67 For hoere [sc. jurors'] concelement ant for hoere laschesse of [felonies committed against strangers], þe lord king..hath istablist peine in þat cas on suuche manere.

1528–30 tr. T. Littleton Tenures (new ed.) f. xxxiiii^v No laches may be adiuged by the lawe in hym that hathe no dyscressyon.

a1626 F. Bacon Elements Common Lawes (1630) 27 The reason of these cases is the default and lachess of the grantor.

1660 R. Sheringham Kings Supremacy Asserted iv. 35 No laches, folly, infancy, or corruption of blood can be judged in him.

1741 T. Robinson Common Law of Kent ii. ii. 172 The Laches of the Husband in gaining an actual Seisin by Entry.

1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) IV. 493 The right of renewal may be forfeited by the laches of the tenant, in not applying for a renewal within the time mentioned in the lease.

1827 T. Jarman Powell's Ess. Learning of Devises (ed. 3) II. 261 Though there be no default or laches on the part of the devisee himself, the devise fails.

1845 Stephen Blackstone's Comm. II. 304 It is indeed laid down generally as a maxim, that no laches or negligence shall be imputed to an infant.

1894 Times 5 Feb. 3/3 To decide whether the party applying has not, by laches or misconduct, lost his right to the writ.

1911 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 5 527 We shall spend no time on objections as to multifariousness, lachesand the like.

1983 B. A. K. Rider Insider Trading vi. 312 He might be faced with a defence of laches or acquiescence.

2006 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 100 899 The Court held that the claim was not barred by laches.

b. In extended use: culpable negligence. Now archaic and rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > carelessness > [noun] > negligence

negligence1351

lashness1477

uncarefulness1567

oscitancy1609

neglect1610

neglectiveness1621

oscitation1656

neglectfulness1693

laches1844

1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby I. ii. i. 165 We may visit on the laches of this ministry the introduction of that new principle and power..Agitation.

1872 ‘G. Eliot’ Middlemarch III. v. lii. 153 His conduct had shown laches which others..were free from.

1902 G. S. Whitmore Last Maori War v. 67 A massacre had occurred through laches of the Stafford Ministry.

a1974 G. Heyer My Lord John (1975) iv. iv. 351 I have seen with my own eyes what is lacking! It is not the harbour alone, nor the battlements, which have suffered from this lachesse.

†2. The quality of being neglectful or remiss; slackness, procrastination. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > carelessness > [noun] > indiligence or remissness

slacknessc897

forswundennessc1175

sweeringa1300

lachesa1393

lachedness1484

indiligence1496

lachousness1496

slacking1542

remissness1570

dissoluteness1576

disassiduity1613

insedulity1679

slothingc1690

inapplication1721

the world > action or operation > manner of action > carelessness > [noun] > negligence > instance of

negligence1351

lachesa1393

oscitancy1649

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iv. l. 4 The ferste point of Slowthe I calle Lachesce.

c1400 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Trin. Cambr. R.3.14) (1960) A. ix. l. 32 Þere were þe manis lif lost for lacchesse [c1390 Vernon sleuþe] of hymselue.

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 284 Latchesse [a1475 Winch. lahchesse, a1500 King's Cambr. lahches], or tarryynge, mora, tarditas.

1494 Will of Sir Thomas Mongomery (P.R.O.: PROB. 11/10) f. 175 To pardone me of the laches of my prevy tythes.

a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 82 Some..engendryn sleuthe and lachesse.

1607 (?a1425) Last Judgment (Harl. 2124) in H. Deimling Chester Plays (1916) II. 434 All the Soules in Christianty that damned were whyle I had degree..through my laches [1591 Huntington lawes] forlorne.

a1697 J. Aubrey Brief Lives (2015) I. 437 Never riotous, or prodigall; but (as Sir Edward Leech said) Sloath, and negligence [interlinear Lachesse], carelessnesse equivalent to all other vices.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† lachesadj.

Forms: late Middle English lacches, late Middle English lachesse, late Middle English lachis, late Middle English latches, late Middle English latchesse, late Middle English–1500s laches.

Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: lash adj.

Etymology: Apparently an alteration (after laches n.) of lash adj. (compare forms at that entry). Compare slightly later laches v., and also lachous adj.

Obsolete.

1. Negligent, remiss; dilatory.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > carelessness > [adjective] > negligent

yemelesc897

recklesseOE

unshrivel1340

lashc1374

negligenta1382

laches1418

lachous1484

forgetful1526

neglect1603

wreaklessa1616

slighty1658

relasch1663

1418 Guildhall Let.-bk. in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 75 Feithful subgit coude þer non ne durste tarie or be lachesse in any wyse to the effectuell praier..of so soueraign and high a lord.

?1463 R. Cutler in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 259 For cause ȝe were so laches and cam not in tyme þe mater ȝede a-mys.

a1525 ( Coventry Leet Bk. (1908) II. 417 (MED) Yf the sherrefes be laches or defectyue in levyng therof, then the Meire..shall rere of the seid Sherreffes..so beyng laches at euery defalt, vj d.

1543–4 Act 35 Hen. VIII c. 11 in Statutes of Realm (1817) III. 969 Some of the saide Sherieffes..have bene necligent and laches.

2. Wanton, profligate; self-indulgent.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > [adjective]

golec888

canga1225

light?c1225

wooinga1382

nicea1387

riota1400

wantonc1400

wrenec1400

lachesc1450

loose?a1500

licentious1555

libertine1560

prostitute1569

riggish1569

wide1574

slipper1581

slippery1586

sportive1595

gay1597

Cyprian1598

suburb1598

waggish1600

smicker1606

suburbian1606

loose-living1607

wantona1627

free-living1632

libertinous1632

loose-lived1641

Corinthian1642

akolastic1656

slight1685

fast1699

freea1731

brisk1740

shy1787

slang1818

randomc1825

fastish1832

loosish1846

slummya1860

velocious1872

fly1880

slack1951

c1450 (?c1425) St. Mary of Oignies i. x, in Anglia (1885) 8 145 Fonned wymmen..þat wiþ hir vntoune and lacches songes kyndeliþ þe fyre of lecchery.

c1450 (?c1425) St. Mary of Oignies i. x, in Anglia (1885) 8 146 Woo to ȝow þat are lacches, slepynge in softe shetys.

Derivatives

lachesness n. negligence, remissness; dilatoriness.

ΚΠ

c1475 (c1450) P. Idley Instr. to his Son (Cambr.) (1935) ii. B. l. 1470 (MED) He fille bakwarde and brak his nek to grete routhe; Loo! what vengeaunce fill for lachisnes [v.r. slaknes] and slouthe.

1481 E. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 640 Here mynde hathe ben othere weys ocapyed þan as to huswyfery, whyche semyth welle be þe latchesnes of þe tylthe of here landys.

?1549 R. Wyer tr. C. de Pisan C. Hyst. Troye xix. sig. E.vii^v Befall many inconueniences by slouth and lachesnes.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

† lachesv.

Forms: late Middle English lacches, late Middle English laches.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: laches n.

Etymology: < laches n. Compare slightly earlier laches adj., and also latch v.²

Obsolete.

1. transitive. To neglect (a duty, a requirement, etc.); to omit. Also with infinitive as object.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > carelessness > be careless or heedless of [verb (transitive)]

atletc1200

forheedc1275

forget1297

lachesc1425

remiss1443

to go by ——?c1450

unregard1545

recklessc1560

to fling aside1587

disregard1641

unheed1847

c1425 Bk. Found. St. Bartholomew's (1923) 6 (MED) Tymorosely he dred to laches the preceptis of the Apostle.

c1425 Bk. Found. St. Bartholomew's (1923) 52 Youre Patroun by specyal priuylege, grawntid of God, to yow, ȝe lacches to calle.

a1460 tr. Dicts & Sayings Philosophers (Helm.) (1999) 235 By true seyenge..and nat lacchessinge any thinge that was profitable.

1478 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 611 Let it not be lachesyd, but wyth effect aplyed now.

2. intransitive. To be negligent.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > carelessness > be careless or negligent [verb (intransitive)] > be careless or remiss

sleepa1387

laches1483

1483 ( tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage of Soul (Caxton) (1859) i. xxiv. 29 He, as a fool, hath lachessed, and lost his tyme in veray vanyte.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

n.a1325

adj.1418

v.c1425

单词	laches
释义	lachesn. Brit. /ˈlatʃᵻz/, /ˈleɪtʃᵻz/, U.S. /ˈlætʃəz/, /ˈleɪtʃᵻz/ Forms: Middle English lacches, Middle English lacchesse, Middle English lachesce, Middle English lahches, Middle English lahchesse, Middle English laschesse, Middle English latchesse, Middle English–1700s latches, Middle English–1700s (1900s– archaic) lachesse, Middle English– laches, 1600s lasches, 1600s–1700s lachess, 1600s–1700s latchess. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French laches. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman lachés, lachesse, lachesce, laschés, Anglo-Norman and Middle French laschece, laschesse, laches (French (now regional: Béarnais) lâchesse ) laziness, sloth (second quarter of the 13th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), laxity, negligence (late 13th cent. or earlier; 12th cent. in Old French (rare) in sense ‘fatigue’), in Anglo-Norman also negligence in the performance of a legal duty (end of the 13th cent. or earlier), failure or delay to take legal steps (early 14th cent. or earlier) < lache , lasche lash adj. + -esce , -esse -ess suffix².With the usual modern form perhaps compare riches n. 1. a. Law. Delay in asserting a right, claiming a privilege, or making an application for remedy, such as to bar its being granted. Also (in early use): negligence in the performance of a legal obligation. ΘΚΠ society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > specific offences > [noun] > negligence, etc. lachesa1325 temerarity1475 nonfeasancea1626 negligencea1691 culpa1861 a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) xiii. 67 For hoere [sc. jurors'] concelement ant for hoere laschesse of [felonies committed against strangers], þe lord king..hath istablist peine in þat cas on suuche manere. 1528–30 tr. T. Littleton Tenures (new ed.) f. xxxiiii^v No laches may be adiuged by the lawe in hym that hathe no dyscressyon. a1626 F. Bacon Elements Common Lawes (1630) 27 The reason of these cases is the default and lachess of the grantor. 1660 R. Sheringham Kings Supremacy Asserted iv. 35 No laches, folly, infancy, or corruption of blood can be judged in him. 1741 T. Robinson Common Law of Kent ii. ii. 172 The Laches of the Husband in gaining an actual Seisin by Entry. 1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) IV. 493 The right of renewal may be forfeited by the laches of the tenant, in not applying for a renewal within the time mentioned in the lease. 1827 T. Jarman Powell's Ess. Learning of Devises (ed. 3) II. 261 Though there be no default or laches on the part of the devisee himself, the devise fails. 1845 Stephen Blackstone's Comm. II. 304 It is indeed laid down generally as a maxim, that no laches or negligence shall be imputed to an infant. 1894 Times 5 Feb. 3/3 To decide whether the party applying has not, by laches or misconduct, lost his right to the writ. 1911 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 5 527 We shall spend no time on objections as to multifariousness, lachesand the like. 1983 B. A. K. Rider Insider Trading vi. 312 He might be faced with a defence of laches or acquiescence. 2006 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 100 899 The Court held that the claim was not barred by laches. b. In extended use: culpable negligence. Now archaic and rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > carelessness > [noun] > negligence negligence1351 lashness1477 uncarefulness1567 oscitancy1609 neglect1610 neglectiveness1621 oscitation1656 neglectfulness1693 laches1844 1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby I. ii. i. 165 We may visit on the laches of this ministry the introduction of that new principle and power..Agitation. 1872 ‘G. Eliot’ Middlemarch III. v. lii. 153 His conduct had shown laches which others..were free from. 1902 G. S. Whitmore Last Maori War v. 67 A massacre had occurred through laches of the Stafford Ministry. a1974 G. Heyer My Lord John (1975) iv. iv. 351 I have seen with my own eyes what is lacking! It is not the harbour alone, nor the battlements, which have suffered from this lachesse. †2. The quality of being neglectful or remiss; slackness, procrastination. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > carelessness > [noun] > indiligence or remissness slacknessc897 forswundennessc1175 sweeringa1300 lachesa1393 lachedness1484 indiligence1496 lachousness1496 slacking1542 remissness1570 dissoluteness1576 disassiduity1613 insedulity1679 slothingc1690 inapplication1721 the world > action or operation > manner of action > carelessness > [noun] > negligence > instance of negligence1351 lachesa1393 oscitancy1649 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iv. l. 4 The ferste point of Slowthe I calle Lachesce. c1400 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Trin. Cambr. R.3.14) (1960) A. ix. l. 32 Þere were þe manis lif lost for lacchesse [c1390 Vernon sleuþe] of hymselue. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 284 Latchesse [a1475 Winch. lahchesse, a1500 King's Cambr. lahches], or tarryynge, mora, tarditas. 1494 Will of Sir Thomas Mongomery (P.R.O.: PROB. 11/10) f. 175 To pardone me of the laches of my prevy tythes. a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 82 Some..engendryn sleuthe and lachesse. 1607 (?a1425) Last Judgment (Harl. 2124) in H. Deimling Chester Plays (1916) II. 434 All the Soules in Christianty that damned were whyle I had degree..through my laches [1591 Huntington lawes] forlorne. a1697 J. Aubrey Brief Lives (2015) I. 437 Never riotous, or prodigall; but (as Sir Edward Leech said) Sloath, and negligence [interlinear Lachesse], carelessnesse equivalent to all other vices. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † lachesadj. Forms: late Middle English lacches, late Middle English lachesse, late Middle English lachis, late Middle English latches, late Middle English latchesse, late Middle English–1500s laches. Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: lash adj. Etymology: Apparently an alteration (after laches n.) of lash adj. (compare forms at that entry). Compare slightly later laches v., and also lachous adj. Obsolete. 1. Negligent, remiss; dilatory. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > carelessness > [adjective] > negligent yemelesc897 recklesseOE unshrivel1340 lashc1374 negligenta1382 laches1418 lachous1484 forgetful1526 neglect1603 wreaklessa1616 slighty1658 relasch1663 1418 Guildhall Let.-bk. in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 75 Feithful subgit coude þer non ne durste tarie or be lachesse in any wyse to the effectuell praier..of so soueraign and high a lord. ?1463 R. Cutler in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 259 For cause ȝe were so laches and cam not in tyme þe mater ȝede a-mys. a1525 ( Coventry Leet Bk. (1908) II. 417 (MED) Yf the sherrefes be laches or defectyue in levyng therof, then the Meire..shall rere of the seid Sherreffes..so beyng laches at euery defalt, vj d. 1543–4 Act 35 Hen. VIII c. 11 in Statutes of Realm (1817) III. 969 Some of the saide Sherieffes..have bene necligent and laches. 2. Wanton, profligate; self-indulgent. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > [adjective] golec888 canga1225 light?c1225 wooinga1382 nicea1387 riota1400 wantonc1400 wrenec1400 lachesc1450 loose?a1500 licentious1555 libertine1560 prostitute1569 riggish1569 wide1574 slipper1581 slippery1586 sportive1595 gay1597 Cyprian1598 suburb1598 waggish1600 smicker1606 suburbian1606 loose-living1607 wantona1627 free-living1632 libertinous1632 loose-lived1641 Corinthian1642 akolastic1656 slight1685 fast1699 freea1731 brisk1740 shy1787 slang1818 randomc1825 fastish1832 loosish1846 slummya1860 velocious1872 fly1880 slack1951 c1450 (?c1425) St. Mary of Oignies i. x, in Anglia (1885) 8 145 Fonned wymmen..þat wiþ hir vntoune and lacches songes kyndeliþ þe fyre of lecchery. c1450 (?c1425) St. Mary of Oignies i. x, in Anglia (1885) 8 146 Woo to ȝow þat are lacches, slepynge in softe shetys. Derivatives lachesness n. negligence, remissness; dilatoriness. ΚΠ c1475 (c1450) P. Idley Instr. to his Son (Cambr.) (1935) ii. B. l. 1470 (MED) He fille bakwarde and brak his nek to grete routhe; Loo! what vengeaunce fill for lachisnes [v.r. slaknes] and slouthe. 1481 E. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 640 Here mynde hathe ben othere weys ocapyed þan as to huswyfery, whyche semyth welle be þe latchesnes of þe tylthe of here landys. ?1549 R. Wyer tr. C. de Pisan C. Hyst. Troye xix. sig. E.vii^v Befall many inconueniences by slouth and lachesnes. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † lachesv. Forms: late Middle English lacches, late Middle English laches. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: laches n. Etymology: < laches n. Compare slightly earlier laches adj., and also latch v.² Obsolete. 1. transitive. To neglect (a duty, a requirement, etc.); to omit. Also with infinitive as object. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > carelessness > be careless or heedless of [verb (transitive)] atletc1200 forheedc1275 forget1297 lachesc1425 remiss1443 to go by ——?c1450 unregard1545 recklessc1560 to fling aside1587 disregard1641 unheed1847 c1425 Bk. Found. St. Bartholomew's (1923) 6 (MED) Tymorosely he dred to laches the preceptis of the Apostle. c1425 Bk. Found. St. Bartholomew's (1923) 52 Youre Patroun by specyal priuylege, grawntid of God, to yow, ȝe lacches to calle. a1460 tr. Dicts & Sayings Philosophers (Helm.) (1999) 235 By true seyenge..and nat lacchessinge any thinge that was profitable. 1478 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 611 Let it not be lachesyd, but wyth effect aplyed now. 2. intransitive. To be negligent. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > carelessness > be careless or negligent [verb (intransitive)] > be careless or remiss sleepa1387 laches1483 1483 ( tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage of Soul (Caxton) (1859) i. xxiv. 29 He, as a fool, hath lachessed, and lost his tyme in veray vanyte. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.a1325adj.1418v.c1425
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