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单词 lap
释义

lapn.1

Brit. /lap/, U.S. /læp/
Forms: Old English læppa, Middle English–1600s lappe, 1500s lapp, Middle English– lap.
Etymology: Old English lappa, læppa weak masculine = Old Frisian lappa, Old Saxon lappo (Essen gloss.), Middle Dutch lappe (Dutch lap), Old High German (with unexplained pp instead of pf) lappa (feminine) (Middle High German lappe masculine and feminine, modern German lappen masculine); compare Old Norse lepp-r clout, rag, lock of hair. Apparently the Old Germanic type would be *lappon- with pp for earlier pn ; the pre-Germanic root might be either *lop- , *lob- , or *lobh- . Scholars have variously suggested connection with Greek λόβος lobe n. (see sense 2a below), with Sanskrit ramb-, lamb-, to hang loose, or with Lithuanian lópas patch.
1.
a. A part (of a garment or the like) either hanging down or projecting so as to admit of being folded over; a flap, lappet. In later use chiefly, a piece that hangs down at the bottom of a garment, one of the skirts of a coat, a portion of the skirt of a robe. Hence plural (colloquial) a tail-coat.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > parts of clothing > [noun] > skirt
lapc897
quarter1501
dock1522
skirta1616
skirting1821
bell-skirt1907
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > parts of clothing > [noun] > hanging or overlapping part
lapc897
tippetc1300
tag1402
labey1497
toque1505
flip-flap1529
flap1530
slipe1540
lambeau1562
lappet1573
flappet?1578
fall-down?1796
wrap-over1935
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > coat > types of > tail-coat
tail-coat1846
tails1857
lap1878
c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xxviii. 197 [Dauid] for~cearf his mentles ænne læppan [L. oram chlamydis].
c1300 St. Lucy (Laud) l. 29 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 101 And cam ant touchede þe lappe of ore louerdes cloþes ene.
a1400 Sir Beues (MS S.) 2456 Þe Lyoun..with his teeþ..kitte a pece of his lappe.
?a1400 Morte Arth. 3255 And with ladily lappes the lenghe of a ȝerde.
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1350 Bi þe byȝt al of þe þyȝes Þe lappez [MS reads lappeȝ] þay lauce bi-hynde.
c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 201 Wyth lappez large.
a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1881) ii. l. 448 She hym a-gayn by þe lappe caughte.
c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) ii. li. 200 And hadde trussed hire lappes in hire girdel, redy..for to wrastle.
c1450 (c1400) Emaré (1908) 654 Her vysage she gan hyde, With the hynther lappes [of her surkote].
1502 tr. Ordynarye of Crysten Men (de Worde) ii. v. sig. k.i Pryde is shewed in gownes in furres with sleuys with syde lappes or plyted.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 237/2 Lappe or skyrt, gyron.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Ezek. v. 3 Take a little off the same & bynde it in thy cote lappe.
1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions ii. xi. 258 Their women..vpon their heades do vse a certeine attire,..wherof the one lappe so rangeth vpon whiche side semeth her good.
?a1600 ( R. Sempill Legend Bischop St. Androis in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xlv. 382 Who tuke him by the lap and lewch.
1608 A. Willet Hexapla in Exodum 638 The Ephod..had foure laps or wings.
1620 in J. Gutch Collectanea Curiosa (1781) I. 172 They were never able to cut so much as the lap of her coat.
1637 S. Rutherford Lett. (1863) I. 200 Let me beseech your Lordship to draw by the lap of time's curtain and to look in thro' the window to great and endless eternity.
a1656 J. Hales Golden Remains (1673) i. 206 When David had cut off the lap of Saul's Garment.
17.. Mary Myle xii, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1889) III. vi. 386 The lap cam aff her shoe.
c1817 J. Hogg Tales & Sketches III. 259 Wiped his eyes..with the lap of his plaid.
1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet II. xi. 263 With the lap of my cloak cast over my face.
1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth viii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. I. 192 The..horseman's feet did not by any means come beneath the laps of the saddle.
1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Laps, the skirts of a coat.
1878 Mozley's Ess. I. Introd. 16 A little fellow in a jacket, which had to be exchanged for ‘laps’ before the examination.
figurative.1651 R. Douglas Serm. in Form & Order Coronation Charles II 14 That wee may bee farre from cutting of a lap of that just power..which God hath allowed to the king.
b. transferred. The outlying part (of an army). Cf. the use of ‘skirt’. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) I. 314 The laird of Cesfurde..sett on fercelie wpoun the lape and winge of the laird of Balclucheis feild.
2. Applied to certain parts of the body:
a. of the ear, liver, lungs: = lobe n. Obsolete except in ear-lap n. [A Common Germanic sense.]
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > respiratory organs > [noun] > lungs > lobe of
lapc1000
leafa1398
lobe?1541
lappet1609
fin1615
the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > ear > [noun] > flap or lobe
lapc1000
ear-lapOE
list1530
lippet1598
lug1602
lappet1609
handle1615
libbet1627
auricle1650
flip-flop1661
pinna1682
helix1684
lobe1719
earlobea1785
ear flap1810
leaf1819
shell1831
pavilion1842
ear bud1953
the world > life > the body > secretory organs > gland > specific glands > [noun] > liver > lobe of
lapc1000
liver lapOE
fibre1398
mantle?c1425
boss?1541
lobe?1541
lop1601
fillet1607
lappet1609
fin1615
lobbet1662
acinus1701
spigelian lobe1811
Riedel's lobe1897
c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 198 Sio [lifer] biþ on þa swiþran sidan aþened oþ þone neweseoþan sio hæfð fif læppan.
14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 631/8 Lap of þe ere.
1538 T. Elyot Dict. Fibræ, are the extreme partes of the liuer, the hart, or the lunges, or of other thinges wherin is any diuysyon, they maye be called lappes, brymmes.
1574 J. Baret Aluearie L 86 The lappes of the lights or lunges, fibræ pulmonis.
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 516 The laps or fillets of the liuer of a Mouse.
1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. 187 The Synod..decreed that men should cut their haire so as their eyes and laps of their eares might be seen.
1658 J. Rowland tr. T. Moffett Theater of Insects in Topsell's Hist. Four-footed Beasts (rev. ed.) 912 The convulsion of the laps of the lungs (which useth to be a deadly disease).
1681 W. Robertson Phraseologia generalis (1693) 799 The lap of the ear, lobus.
1722 A. Ramsay Tale Three Bonnets ii. 15 Require a Thing I'll part with never, She's get as soon the Lap o' my Liver.
b. A fold of flesh or skin; occasionally the female pudendum. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > bos taurus or ox > [noun] > (miscellaneous) parts of > dewlap
freshlapa1398
dewlap1398
lap1398
crop1599
crest1607
lap-lock1648
the world > life > the body > skin > fold of skin > [noun] > at stomach
lap1605
the world > life > the body > sex organs > female sex organs > [noun]
cuntc1230
quivera1382
chosec1386
privy chosea1387
quoniamc1405
naturec1470
shell1497
box1541
water gate1541
mouth1568
quiver case1568
water gap1586
cunnya1593
medlar1597
mark1598
buggle-boo1600
malkin1602
lap1607
skin coat1611
quim1613
nest1614
watermilla1626
bum1655
merkin1656
twat1656
notch1659
commodity1660
modicum1660
crinkum-crankum1670
honeypot1673
honour1688
muff1699
pussy1699
puss1707
fud1771
jock1790
cock?1833
fanny?1835
vaginac1890
rug1893
money-maker1896
Berkeley1899
Berkeley Hunt1899
twitchet1899
mingea1903
snatch1904
beaver1927
coozie1934
Sir Berkeley1937
pocketbook1942
pranny1949
zatch1950
cooch1955
bearded clam1962
noonie1966
chuff1967
coozea1968
carpet1981
pum-pum1983
front bum1985
coochie1986
punani1987
front bottom1991
va-jay-jay2000
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Bodl. 3738) xviii. xiii In Siria beþ oxen þat haue no dewe lappis nother fresche lappes vnder þrote [L. palearia sub gutture].
c1420 Pallad. on Husb. iv. 711 The kyen..Wel hered eres, and dewlappes syde [= hanging low].
1553 R. Eden tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India sig. Cjv The two great tuskes..hauinge on euerye syde lappes hanging downe of the bignes of two hand brea[d]th.
1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke i. xiii. 60 By reason of his soliditie and hardness inconcocted..it doth fret and teare the laps of the stomach.
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 95 The female [is gelded] by searing her priuie parts within the brimme and laps thereof with a hotte yron.
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 250 The Clitoris is a small body, not continuated at all with the bladder, but placed in the height of the lap.
3. A piece of cloth, a cloth, clout. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > [noun] > piece of
sheetc725
clotha800
panec1300
dagonc1386
lap?a1400
shred?a1400
ringe1726
?a1400 Morte Arth. 3286 Nowe es lefte me no lappe my lygham to hele.
14.. in F. J. Furnivall Polit., Relig., & Love Poems (1903) 227 For ich nabbe clout ne lappe.
c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 585 Þt he pryuely Sholde this child..wynde and wrappe..And carie it in a cofre or in a lappe.
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxiv. 317 A lap..Fortatyrd and torne.
4. The ‘lap’ (sense 1) of a garment used as a receptacle.
a. The fold of a robe (e.g. the toga) over the breast, which served as a pocket or pouch; hence, the bosom.In figurative use this sense is sometimes hardly to be distinguished from sense 5.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > robe or gown > parts of
hemc1275
lapc1300
skirtc1330
fentc1430
amyta1450
upper-bodying1502
gorea1529
fox-fur1598
robing1727
lappet1734
robin1750
sack1775
clavus1842
c1300 St. Dominic (Laud) l. 229 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 284 In heore lappene huy brouȝten mete.
1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xix. 273 In hus bosom he bar a thyng and that he blessede ofte. And ich loked in hus lappe, a lazar lay ther-ynne.
c1440 Gesta Romanorum (Harl.) lxix. 321 Such ben to be put out of þe lappe of holy chirche.
c1450 (c1400) Sowdon of Babylon (1881) l. 1800 Thai smyten of here hedes alle, Eche man toke one in his lappe.
1484 W. Caxton tr. Ordre of Chyualry (1926) i. 7 He..beganne to rede in a lytyl book that he had in his lappe.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid xi. xv. 19 Hys rych mantill, of quham the forbreist lappis..was buklit wyth a knot.
c1595 Countess of Pembroke Psalme cxxix. 22 in Coll. Wks. (1998) II. 221 [Your harvest] Filling neither reapers hand, Nor the binders inbow'd lapp.
1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxi. xviii. 403 Having made a hollow lap within the plait and fold of his side gowne.
1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. H4v It was the Christian Church, which..did preserue in the sacred lappe and bosome thereof, the pretious Reliques, euen of Heathen Learning. View more context for this quotation
1643 E. Bowles Mysterie Iniquitie 3 He desires that the Prince of Wales might be brought backe againe into the lap of the Romish Church.
b. The front portion of a skirt when held up to contain or catch something.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > clothing for lower body > skirt > parts of > lap
lapa1400
skirta1400
a1400 Seuyn Sages (W.) 901 Ful he gaderede his barm, In his other lappe he gaderede some.
c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Squire's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 433 She..heeld hir lappe abrood, for wel she wiste The Faukon moste fallen fro the twiste.
1636 T. Heywood Loves Maistresse ii. i, in Wks. (1874) V. 109 Hold up your lapps; tho' them you cannot see That bring this gold.
1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold I. i. i. 4 Followed by girls with laps full of flowers.
1848 A. Jameson Sacred & Legendary Art I. 33 Some come dancing forward with flowers in their hands or in the lap of their robe.
c. A loincloth worn by certain indigenous peoples of Guyana and neighbouring regions consisting of a strip of cloth or (formerly) softened bark passed between the thighs and suspended from a string or cord tied around the waist. Cf. queyu n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > clothing for lower body > clothing for loins or genital area > loin cloth
dhoti1622
lungi1634
veil1634
pagne1698
breech-clout1757
lap1769
maro1769
waist-cloth1810
langoti1816
breech-cloth1841
malo1850
loin-cloth1859
G string1878
loin-rag1929
lap-lap1930
1769 E. Bancroft Ess. Nat. Hist. Guiana ii. 274 The bark of trees, or the web-like covering of a coco-nut or palm-tree, disposed after the maner in which the Indians place their laps, were the only coverings worn.
1883 E. F. Im Thurn Among Indians of Guiana xiv. 281 Waist-belts, to support the cloth lap, are also made of these strips of iturite stems by the Macusi.
1899 J. Rodway In Guiana Wilds viii. 107 They stripped and placed these articles carefully away in their pegalls, or wicker trunks, leaving themselves naked save for the lap of the men and queyu, or bead apron, of the women.
1997 M. Colchester Guyana, Fragile Frontier viii. 141 Their parents..are for the most part content to dress in the traditional ‘lap’, or loin cloth.
5.
a. The front portion of the body from the waist to the knees of a person seated, considered with its covering garments as the place in or on which a child is nursed or any object held.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > external parts of body > trunk > front > lap > [noun]
greadec897
barmc950
lapc1300
alvary1595
girdlestead1882
c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) (1978) l. 15102 Com þar a bour-cniht and sat adun forþ-riht..he nam þan kynges hefd and leyde vppe his lappe [c1275 Calig. in his bærm].
1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. ix. 283 Ich sauh hym [Lazarus] sitte..in Abraham's lappe.
c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 686 His walet biforn hym in his lappe.
c1422 T. Hoccleve Min. Poems (1892) 231 Streeche out anoon thy lappe, In which wole I myn heed doun leye and reste.
a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) l. 6766 Als a childe þat sittes in þe moder lappe.
c1440 Gesta Romanorum (Harl.) lxv. 286 She late hit [a stone] fall in þe lappe of gwido.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Prov. xvi. D The lottes are cast in to the lappe, but their fall stondeth in the Lord.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) i. iii. 3 A Saylors Wife had Chestnuts in her Lappe . View more context for this quotation
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 1060 So rose..Herculean Samson from the Harlot-lap Of Philistean Dalilah. View more context for this quotation
1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 15. ⁋2 She lays me upon my Face in her Lap.
a1774 A. Tucker Light of Nature Pursued (1777) III. iii. 209 A child will never grow to vigorous manhood who is kept always in his mother's lap.
1792 C. Smith Desmond III. 125 Of those six [persons], three were infants in lap.
1832 H. Martineau Ireland iii. 43 Dora had sunk down at her mother's feet, hiding her face in her lap.
1894 H. Caine Manxman vi. iii The child lay outstretched on Grannie's lap.
b. transferred. A hollow among hills.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > land > landscape > low land > hollow or depression > [noun] > on or among hills
saddleOE
swirec1050
pocket1745
lap1747
rock basin1754
niche1756
sliddera1793
corrie1795
cove1805
slot1808
bay1853
punchbowl1855
1747 T. Warton Pleasures of Melancholy 20 Fertile vales their level laps expand.
1820 W. Irving Legend Sleepy Hollow in Sketch Bk. vi. 52 Not far from this village..is a little valley, or rather lap of land among high hills.
1847 J. S. Le Fanu T. O'Brien 312 A little village lay in the lap of a hill.
1870 F. R. Wilson Archit. Surv. Churches Lindisfarne 126 Edlingham church stands in a green lap of a vale.
1883 Harper's Mag. Aug. 327/1 Two hundred miles west..lies Altoona, in the lap of the..Mountains.
c. figurative. Frequently in such expressions as in fortune's lap, in nature's lap, in pleasure's lap; bred up, nursed, etc. in the lap of (luxury, etc.). †to lay in (a person's) lap: to thrust upon his notice. For in the lap of Providence, in the lap of the future, in the lap of the gods, cf. Greek θεῶν ἐν γούνασι.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > attention > notice, observation > observe, note [verb (transitive)] > bring to notice
to lay in (a person's) lap1531
submit1560
introduct1570
confer1586
introduce1766
1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour ii. iv. sig. Ovi Lete yonge gentilmen haue often times tolde to them, and (as it is vulgarely spoken) layde in their lappes, how [etc.].
1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II v. ii. 47 Who are the violets now That strew the greene lap of the new come spring. View more context for this quotation
a1599 E. Spenser Briefe Note Ireland in Wks. (1949) IX. 239 A Countrie of your owne dominion lying hard vnder the lapp of England.
c1616 R. C. Times' Whistle (1871) v. 2125 Luld a sleep in pleasures lap.
a1617 S. Hieron Penance for Sinne in Wks. (1620) II. 266 He would..sleepe securely vpon the lap of Gods protection.
1646 in Hamilton Papers (1880) 124 When they finde these wishes throwne in their lap, [they] will be apt enough to turne their sailes another way.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 1041 Flours were the Couch..Earths freshest softest lap . View more context for this quotation
1712 H. Prideaux Direct. Church-wardens (ed. 4) 105 There is in the Lap of Providence an appointed Time yet to come.
1730 J. Thomson Winter in Seasons 215 They pine beneath the brightest skies, In nature's richest lap.
1742 E. Young Complaint: Night the First 13 What numbers once in Fortune's lap high-fed, Sollicit the cold hand of Charity?
1764 O. Goldsmith Traveller 10 But winter lingering chills the lap of May.
1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 30 Nursed in the lap of indolence.
1797 W. Godwin Enquirer ii. xii. 402 Bred up..in the lap of republican freedom.
1801 M. Edgeworth Forester in Moral Tales I. 44 Brought up in the lap of luxury.
1803 R. Hall Wks. (1833) I. 190 Freedom poured into our lap opulence and arts.
1806 A. Duncan Life Nelson 317 A thorough seaman..nursed in the lap of hardship.
1817 J. Mill Hist. Brit. India II. iv. v. 217 The current of presents..flowed very naturally, and very copiously, into the lap of the strangers.
1820 J. Keats Eve of St. Agnes in Lamia & Other Poems 90 Madeline asleep in lap of legends old.
1822 Ld. Byron Werner ii. ii. 103 Rash, new to life, and rear'd in luxury's lap.
1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 10 May 1/2 These things, however, lie in the lap of the future.
1920 ‘Sapper’ Bull-dog Drummond 23 Perhaps a year—perhaps six months... It is in the lap of the gods.
1965 New Statesman 30 Apr. 674/3 Almost all power lies in the laps of the different Laender [in Germany].
1971 Guardian 27 Feb. 5/5 Lord Justice Davies said it was in the ‘lap of the gods’ what would be the effect on the younger children if they were ordered to go to their mother's home.
6.
a. to fall into the lap or laps of: to come within the reach, or into the power, of. to be left in the laps: to be left in difficulties, ‘in the lurch’. (Lapse is sometimes written for laps, by confusion with lapse n.)The origin of this use is somewhat obscure; it may be from sense 5; but cf. German durch die lappen gehen, to escape, get clear off, where lappen means literally a contrivance for catching deer.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > be subject to [verb (transitive)] > come within reach of authority of
to fall into the lap or laps of1558
the world > action or operation > difficulty > present difficulties [verb (intransitive)] > be in difficulties or straits > be left in the lurch
to be left in the laps1558
to lie in the lash1573
to get left1827
1558 Queen Elizabeth I in J. Strype Ann. Reformation (1824) I. App. iv. 395 Clemency to be extended not before they do..acknowledge themselves to have fallen in the Lapse of the Law.
1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cliijv In the retire they fel into the lappes of their ennemies.
1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) ix. li. 232 They will exact by Torture what thou thinkest,..til in the Lapse thou fall.
1598 R. Bernard tr. Terence Andria iii. v, in Terence in Eng. 65 Dost thou not see me..left in the lapps through thy deuise and counsaile?
a1618 W. Raleigh Remains (1644) 122 Let them blame their own folly if they..fall head-long into the lap of endless perdition.
a1643 W. Monson Naval Tracts v, in A. Churchill & J. Churchill Coll. Voy. (1704) III. 463/1 They cannot avoid falling into the lap of one of the other two [ships].
b. to drop, throw, etc., (something) in someone's lap: to shift a burden to (someone). Also (intransitive) to drop into the lap of.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > occurrence > [verb (transitive)] > fall to one
shootc1175
happen1477
to come in one's way1533
land1679
to come a person's waya1816
to drop into the lap of1962
the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > types or manners of hindrance > hinder in specific manner [verb (transitive)] > encumber > burden > cause to fall as a burden (upon)
devolve1601
saddle1729
lumber1924
to drop, throw, etc., (something) in someone's lap1962
1962 B. Knox Little Drops of Blood ii. 35 ‘And Sammy Bell's gear?’ ‘We'll dump that one in the lap of the Scientific boys.’
1964 Mrs. L. B. Johnson White House Diary 7 May (1970) 134 I showed Mr. Fosburgh the Winslow Homer painting and I think he was as amazed as I am that it should have so precipitously and happily dropped into our laps.
1970 ‘M. Hebden’ Mask of Violence (1971) xx. 187 I'll throw this into Pinow's lap. It's German and high-level, and I don't want to be mixed up in it.
1972 V. Canning Rainbird Pattern ii. 33 Quite simply—and this is for you, Bush, because I'm dropping it in your lap—Trader has got to be scotched.
1973 M. Woodhouse Blue Bone ii. 12 I went..to meet some people who had a development problem they wanted to drop in our laps.

Compounds

C1. General attributive. (In sense 5.)
lap-child n. Obsolete
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > person > child > [noun]
wenchelc890
childeOE
littleOE
littlingOE
hired-childc1275
smalla1300
brolla1325
innocentc1325
chickc1330
congeonc1330
impc1380
faunt1382
young onec1384
scionc1390
weea1400
birdc1405
chickenc1440
enfaunta1475
small boyc1475
whelp1483
burden1490
little one1509
brat?a1513
younkerkin1528
kitling1541
urchin1556
loneling1579
breed1586
budling1587
pledge?1587
ragazzo1591
simplicity1592
bantling1593
tadpole1594
two-year-old1594
bratcheta1600
lambkin1600
younker1601
dandling1611
buda1616
eyas-musketa1616
dovelinga1618
whelplinga1618
puppet1623
butter printa1625
chit1625
piggy1625
ninnyc1626
youngster1633
fairya1635
lap-child1655
chitterling1675
squeaker1676
cherub1680
kid1690
wean1692
kinchin1699
getlingc1700
totum17..
charity-child1723
small girl1734
poult1739
elfin1748
piggy-wiggy1766
piccaninny1774
suck-thumb18..
teeny1802
olive1803
sprout1813
stumpie1820
sexennarian1821
totty1822
toddle1825
toddles1828
poppet1830
brancher1833
toad1836
toddler1837
ankle-biter1840
yarkera1842
twopenny1844
weeny1844
tottykins1849
toddlekins1852
brattock1858
nipper1859
sprat1860
ninepins1862
angelet1868
tenas man1870
tad1877
tacker1885
chavvy1886
joey1887
toddleskin1890
thumb-sucker1891
littlie1893
peewee1894
tyke1894
che-ild1896
kiddo1896
mother's bairn1896
childling1903
kipper1905
pick1905
small1907
God forbid1909
preadolescent1909
subadolescent1914
toto1914
snookums1919
tweenie1919
problem child1920
squirt1924
trottie1924
tiddler1927
subteen1929
perisher1935
poopsie1937
pre-schooler1937
pre-teen1938
pre-teener1940
juvie1941
sprog1944
pikkie1945
subteenager1947
pre-teenager1948
pint-size1954
saucepan lid1960
rug rat1964
smallie1984
bosom-child-
1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. iii. 38 Canterbury his servants dandled this lap-childe with a witness.
lap-cloth n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [noun] > napkin or serviette
napkin1384
muckender1420
napetc1422
savernapron1422
browera1475
serviette1490
serviter1522
muffling cheat1567
diapera1616
doily1711
paper napkin1847
lap-cloth1849
1849 D. Rock Church our Fathers I. v. 409 The lap-cloth, under the name of ‘gremiale’, is still employed in our ritual.
1880 L. Wallace Ben-Hur (1884) iv. xiv. 223 They laved their hands again, had their lapcloths shaken out.
lap-mantle n. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1600 in J. Nichols Progresses Queen Elizabeth (1823) III. 510 (heading) Lappe mantles.
lap-spaniel n. (cf. lapdog n.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > other types of dog > [noun] > spaniel > land or water > as pet
comforter1577
lap-spaniel1705
1705 London Gaz. No. 4144/4 A Lap Spaniel..Bitch.
lap-thing n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > tenderness > foolish affection, excessive love or fondness > [noun] > one who is petted or a pet
cockneyc1405
cocknel1570
cosset1596
dandling1611
leveret1617
lap-thing1744
petling1774
petkin1863
1744 J. Miller & J. Hoadly Mahomet ii. 28 Shall enervating, contagious Love..make a Lap-thing of me?
C2. Also lapdog n., lapstone n.
lap belt n. a safety belt across the lap.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > parts and equipment of motor vehicles > [noun] > seat-belt
belt1915
seat belt1932
safety belt1938
lap belt1952
lap strap1960
harness1962
inertia reel1962
1952 Los Angeles Examiner 21 Mar. Wider ‘lap belts’ than those now used.
1959 Sunday Graphic 25 Jan. 4/5 The easy-to-fit and unobtrusive ‘lap-belts’ which give 65 per cent of the protection afforded by the full harness.
1961 B.S.I. News Mar. 7/1 Car safety belts,..three types..lap belt, diagonal strap and full harness.
1962 A. Shepard in J. Glenn et al. Into Orbit 114 I took off my lap belt and loosened my helmet.
1973 Sci. Amer. Feb. 81/3 In the Utah statistics (from 1969) only 16.5 percent were wearing the seat belts; the estimate at present is that, notwithstanding all the urgings by authorities, only about 25 to 35 percent use the lap belt and only about 5 percent the lap-and-shoulder combination.
1974 Country Life 31 Jan. 191/2 The cab..has a bench seat with diagonal belts for two and a further lap belt for a third occupant.
lap-board n. a board to lay on the lap, as a substitute for a table.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > table > [noun] > tray, tray-stand, or trolley table
tea-tray1773
lay-board1790
web stand1837
lap-board1840
tray top1934
traymobile1948
1840 Daily Picayune (New Orleans) 18 Sept. 2/3 Ashamed! why, I feel as flat as my own lapboard.
1867 A. D. Whitney Summer in Leslie Goldthwaite' s Life vi. 125 On the lap-board across her knees lies her work.
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1252/2 Lap-board,..a board resting on the lap and hollowed out on the side next the user. Employed by tailors and seamstresses to cut out work upon.
lap-cock n. (see quot. 1848).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > [noun] > stooking > stook or cock
shockc1325
cocka1398
stook14..
poukera1450
haycockc1470
cop1512
stitch1603
pook1607
grass cock1614
hattock1673
stuckle1682
cocklet1788
coil?a1800
lap-cock1802
shuck1811
button1850
1802 J. Dubourdieu Statist. Surv. County Down 125 It [grass] is made into small cocks called lap-cocks.
1848 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 9 ii. 515 Lap-cocks, i.e...small heaps of the dimensions just capable of being taken up in the arms.
lap-held n. and adj. = laptop n. and adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > computing and information technology > hardware > computer > [noun] > portable
portable1933
luggable1978
notebook computer1982
lap portable1983
laptop1983
transportable1983
lap-held1984
notebook1988
mobile device1989
notebook PC1989
notepad1991
digital assistant1992
personal digital assistant1992
netbook1999
society > computing and information technology > hardware > computer > [adjective] > portable
luggable1978
transportable1982
laptop1983
lap-held1984
1984 Sunday Times 26 Aug. 49/3 (heading) Laphelds contend with luggables.
1985 Daily Tel. 29 July 14/2 Then came the desk-top computer..and then..the lapheld micro.
1986 What Micro? Nov. 101/1 Multi-user systems and lap-helds are listed separately.
lap-iron n. a piece of iron used as a lapstone.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > making footwear > [noun] > equipment or materials for > equipment > stone or iron for beating leather upon
lapstone1778
lap-iron1962
1962 Westm. Gaz. 8 Oct. 6/2 The lapstone and the lap-iron have gone out of existence.
lap-lettuce n. Obsolete ? curly lettuce.
ΚΠ
1796 C. Marshall Introd. Knowl. & Pract. Gardening xix. 421 Sow..small sallading and lap lettuce under glass.
lap-lock n. Obsolete = dewlap n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > bos taurus or ox > [noun] > (miscellaneous) parts of > dewlap
freshlapa1398
dewlap1398
lap1398
crop1599
crest1607
lap-lock1648
1648 H. Hexham Groot Woorden-boeck Vaen, the Bullocks, or Laplock of Oxen.
lap-robe n. U.S. a rug or cloth to cover the lap of a person seated in a vehicle.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > [noun] > a covering > cloth or textile > for the person > when travelling in a vehicle
railway rug1850
lap-robe1875
1875 H. B. Stowe We & our Neighbors xxxix. 373 He took her to ride in such a stylish carriage, white lynx lap-robe, and all!
1897 R. M. Stuart Simpkinsville 94 They step forward to the buggies of such ladies as drive up for quinine and capsules without so much as displacing their linen lap robes.
1901 Scribner's Mag. Apr. 418/2 He asked if the other man wouldn't like a silver-mounted harness and a lap-robe thrown in.
1914 G. Atherton Perch of Devil i. 121 He smiled..into her..eyes and tucked the lap-robe about her.
1948 Chicago Tribune 15 Jan. 3/2 I loved the sleighrides too—snuggled under great buffalo hide lap robes.
1955 W. Gaddis Recognitions iii. iv. 846 Engulfed in the flow of a tartan lap robe..he stared fixedly at an open book.
1974 ‘I. Drummond’ Power of Bug xvi. 220 The thin cotton lap-robe which protected the passenger's legs and feet from the dust.
lap-shaver n. (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1254/2 Lap-shaver, a machine for shaving leather to a thickness... The term is derived from the old practice of shaving away inequalities by means of a knife while the leather is laid upon a board in the lap.
lap strap n. a safety strap across the lap.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > parts and equipment of motor vehicles > [noun] > seat-belt
belt1915
seat belt1932
safety belt1938
lap belt1952
lap strap1960
harness1962
inertia reel1962
1960 Guardian 22 July 20/2 For rear seat passengers a lap strap is probably sufficient.
1961 Times 10 Jan. 6/6 If the ordinary lap strap..is used, an occupant of the car will tend to ‘jack knife’ forward.
1968 A. Diment Great Spy Race ix. 165 I did up the lap strap [on a seat in a passenger aircraft] and went straight to sleep.
lap-table n. = lap-board n.
ΚΠ
a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 527/1 Lap table, a sewing or cutting-out table, supported in or over the lap.
lap-tea n. U.S. local a tea at which the guests take refreshments in their laps, not at a table.
ΚΠ
1867 J. R. Lowell Biglow Papers 2nd Ser. (new ed.) Introd. p. lviii Lap-tea: where the guests are too many to sit at table.

Draft additions 1997

A breast of lamb, esp. when cut deep as in Scotland, Ireland, and parts of northern England; also, flank of beef.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > part or joint of animal > [noun] > side or flank
flitcha700
loinc1340
sidea1400
lunyie?a1513
coastc1540
flitchen1658
flank1747
tenderloin1828
short loin1866
lap1922
the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > mutton > [noun] > lamb > cuts or parts
lamb-stones1615
target1756
lamb's fry1822
lamb-chopc1838
Rocky Mountain oyster1889
lap1922
1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. viii. [Lestrygonians] 149 Remember when we got home raking up the fire and frying up those pieces of lap of mutton for her supper with the Chutney sauce she liked.
1979 Lore & Lang. Jan. 27 Lap [of beef].
1979 Lore & Lang. Jan. 29 Lap of lamb.

Draft additions 1997

lap desk n. originally and chiefly North American a portable writing-case or writing surface, esp. one designed to be used on the lap.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > writing > writing materials > other writing equipment > [noun] > writing-case
scriptor1474
writing box1474
writing desk1743
writing case1778
letterbox1784
lap desk1937
1937 E. D. Andrews & F. Andrews Shaker Furnit. 92/2 The frames of Shaker lap-desks are pine.
1971 J. G. Shea Amer. Shakers & their Furnit. vii. 159 The slant-lid lap desk, which was made at New Lebanon around 1850, is believed to have been used by Eldress Emma Neale.
1984 New Yorker 12 Nov. 150/1 (advt.) Keep your desk close at hand with this updated version of the classic lap desk.

Draft additions 1997

lap portable n. a lap-top computer.
ΘΚΠ
society > computing and information technology > hardware > computer > [noun] > portable
portable1933
luggable1978
notebook computer1982
lap portable1983
laptop1983
transportable1983
lap-held1984
notebook1988
mobile device1989
notebook PC1989
notepad1991
digital assistant1992
personal digital assistant1992
netbook1999
1983 Pract. Computing Dec. 88/2 Ian Stobie visited Olivetti's U.K. headquarters to get the feel of its new Japanese-built lap portable.
1984 Listener 9 Aug. 35/3 The ‘lap portable’ is a computer the size of a home micro, but incorporating its own small screen and a memory that will retain data even when the machine is switched off.
1986 Pract. Computing Oct. 63/1 The Z-181 and Convertible are aimed at the real lap-portable market of journalists, academics, travelling salespersons and suchlike.

Draft additions April 2002

lap dance n. originally U.S. an erotic dance or striptease performed close to, or while sitting on the lap of, a paying customer in a strip club, etc.; cf. table dance n. at table n. Compounds 3.
ΚΠ
1986 San Francisco Chron. (Electronic ed.) 16 Aug. Prostitution and other charges were filed against dancers for various acts, including performing ‘lap dances’ while sitting on customers.
1995 Spy (N.Y.) July 44/1 Moore researched her character by going to strip clubs, where she paid for private lap dances and left generous tips for her sister feminists.
2000 Independent 18 Apr. 16/2 The strippers also performed lap dances, and..the police had twice come into the club and witnessed direct physical contact between the barely clad employees and the customers.

Draft additions April 2002

lap dance v. originally U.S. (intransitive) to perform a lap dance.
ΚΠ
1992 Regardie's Mag. Nov. 38 August magazines..describe New York and Houston strippers ‘lap dancing’ (gyrating on a tabletop and ultimately ending up in the patron's lap) for visiting Democratic and Republican conventioneers.
1996 Village Voice (N.Y.) 21 May 28/3 We can turn down anyone who asks for a lap dance, or we don't have to lap dance at all.
2001 Mirror (Electronic ed.) 4 July Stag night? He went to Amsterdam where he lap danced naked on stage.

Draft additions April 2002

lap dancer n. originally U.S. a performer of lap dances (usually a woman); cf. table dancer n. at table n. Compounds 3.
ΚΠ
1988 H. S. Thompson Generation of Swine 20 A male stripper..was marrying a lap dancer from the O'Farrell Theatre.
2001 Times 31 Aug. ii. 21/5 Helen.., a lap dancer and fitness instructor, struts her stuff every night at Raymond's Revue Bar in the capital.

Draft additions April 2002

lap dancing n. originally U.S. the action or practice of performing a lap dance; cf. table dancing n. at table n. Compounds 3.
ΚΠ
1983 ‘Lap Dancing—Private Rooms Available’ in net.flame (Usenet newsgroup) 14 Nov. Being chicken, I never did check it out. But please could someone in Orlando tell me what lap dancing is?
1995 Guardian 18 Dec. ii. 8 (heading) Lap dancing has taken America's clubs by storm—and now the personalised strip show has arrived here.
1997 N.Y. Mag. 5 May 28/1 Lap dancing is a relatively new branch of adult entertainment, but its roots predate World War I.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

lapn.2

Brit. /lap/, U.S. /læp/
Forms: Also Middle English lappe.
Etymology: < lap v.1
1. Something that is lapped.
a. Liquid food for dogs. Also slang and dialect, any weak beverage or thin liquid food (cf. cat-lap n.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > types or qualities of beverage > [noun] > watery drink
swish-swasha1549
lap1567
wish-wash1786
slosh1819
slumgullion1872
gnat's piss1959
the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > [noun] > milk > buttermilk
sweet milka1475
buttermilka1500
whey of butter1530
kirn-milkc1550
lap1567
churn-milk1598
whig1688
souter's brandy1790
the world > food and drink > food > animal food > [noun] > pet-food > dog food
cracona1300
crawkec1325
quarryc1330
croote1382
criton1388
crap1499
dog meat1505
dog's meat1555
cratchens1601
greaves1614
lap1743
dog biscuit1809
dog food1848
critling1851
cracklingc1865
puppy biscuit1895
kibble1965
1567 T. Harman Caueat for Commen Cursetors (new ed.) Peddelars Frenche sig. Giii Lap, butter, mylke, or whey.
1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Lap, Pottage, Butter-milk, or Whey.
1728 Street-robberies, Consider'd 33 Lap, Spoon-meat.
1743 H. Fielding Jonathan Wild i. xiv, in Misc. III. 84 As when their Lap is finished, the cautious Huntsman to their Kennel gathers the nimble-footed Hounds.
1781 P. Beckford Thoughts on Hunting iv. 48 If your hounds are low in flesh, and have far to go to cover, they may all have a little thin lap again in the evening.
a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Lap, thin broth or porridge; weak tea, &c.
1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. (at cited word) Call this here tay! I calls it lap.
b. slang. Drink, liquor in general.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > [noun]
drink1042
liquor1340
bousea1350
cidera1382
dwale1393
sicera1400
barrelc1400
strong drinkc1405
watera1475
swig1548
tipple1581
amber1598
tickle-brain1598
malt pie1599
swill1602
spicket1615
lap1618
John Barleycornc1625
pottle1632
upsy Englisha1640
upsy Friese1648
tipplage1653
heartsease1668
fuddle1680
rosin1691
tea1693
suck1699
guzzlea1704
alcohol1742
the right stuff1748
intoxicant1757
lush1790
tear-brain1796
demon1799
rum1799
poison1805
fogram1808
swizzle1813
gatter1818
wine(s) and spirit(s)1819
mother's milkc1821
skink1823
alcoholics1832
jough1834
alky1844
waipiro1845
medicine1847
stimulant1848
booze1859
tiddly1859
neck oil1860
lotion1864
shrab1867
nose paint1880
fixing1882
wet1894
rabbit1895
shicker1900
jollop1920
mule1920
giggle-water1929
rookus juice1929
River Ouse1931
juice1932
lunatic soup1933
wallop1933
skimish1936
sauce1940
turps1945
grog1946
joy juice1960
1618 W. Hornby Scourge Drunkennes (1859) 17 Hee which will not take his lap downe free, Lap, so they terme it, such as dogs do vse.
1623 J. Taylor Wks. (1630) ii. 29 They will..inforce mee to drinke..with such a deale of complementall oratory, as off with your Lap, Wind vp your Bottome [etc.].
a1625 J. Fletcher Bonduca i. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Gggg/1 A pretty valiant fellow, die for a little lap and lechery?
1652 R. Brome Joviall Crew ii. sig. F3 Here's Pannum and Lap.
1725 New Canting Dict. Lap..also strong Drink of any Sort.
1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering II. 97 The gentry..would have given both lap and pannel to ony poor gypsy.
1864 J. C. Hotten Slang Dict. (new ed.) Lap, liquor, drink.
2. The action or an act of lapping; so much as may be taken up thus; a lick, smack, taste. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > smallness of quantity, amount, or degree > [noun] > a small quantity or amount
speckc725
littleOE
somethingc1200
lutewihtc1230
little whatc1384
ouncec1387
lap1393
smalla1400
modicumc1400
nekedc1400
spota1413
tinec1420
nieveful?a1425
handfulc1443
mouthful?c1450
smatchc1456
weec1480
quern1503
halfpennyworth1533
groatsworth1562
dram1566
shellful1578
trickle1580
snatch1592
sprinkling1594
fleck1598
snip1598
pittance1600
lick1603
fingerful1604
modicum1606
thimbleful1607
flash1614
dasha1616
pipa1616
pickle1629
drachm1635
cue1654
smack1693
starn1720
bit1753
kenning1787
minikin1787
tate1805
starnie1808
sprat1815
harl1821
skerrick1825
smallums1828
huckleberry1832
scrimp1840
thimble1841
smite1843
nattering1859
sensation1859
spurt1859
pauchlea1870
mention1891
sketch1894
sputterings1894
scrappet1901
titch1937
tad1940
skosh1959
smattering1973
1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. iii. 37 What man þat loueþ mede..He shal lese for hure loue a lappe of trewe charite.
1820 Mrs. Piozzi Let. 9 June Mr. Iveson will have a Lap of the Pellegrini Picture.
a1849 T. L. Beddoes Second Brother i. i, in Poems (1851) I. 9 These veiny pipes hold a dog's lap of blood.
1860 ‘H. Lee’ Legends Fairy Land 77 He persuaded them [two puppies] to take a lap at his breakfast.
3. A sound resembling that of lapping; e.g. that produced by wavelets on the beach.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > sound of water > [noun] > lapping
lapsing1820
lapping1855
lap-lap1871
lap1884
1884 W. C. Smith Kildrostan 43 Only the lap of the rippling wave Broke on the hush of their solitude.
1889 A. E. Barr Feet of Clay iv. 64 The lazy whish and lap of the ocean.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

lapn.3

Brit. /lap/, U.S. /læp/
Etymology: < lap v.2
1. ? Something wrapped up; a bundle. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1673 in New Jersey Archives (1880) I. 132 In token whereof they presented about 20 deer skins, 2 @ 3 laps of Beaver, and 1 string of Wampum.
2.
a. The amount by which one thing overlaps or covers a part of another; hence concrete the overlapping part.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > [noun] > a covering > partial
lap1800
overlapping1858
1800 Trans. Soc. Arts 18 377 Stopping the apertures between the laps of glass with putty.
1808 Z. M. Pike Acct. Exped. Sources Mississippi (1810) ii. 194 (note) Those logs were joined together by a lap of about two feet at each end.
1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 399 All kinds of slate have a lap of each joint, generally equal to one-third of the length of the slate.
1850 J. Greenwood Sailor's Sea-bk. 128 Laps, the remaining part of the ends of carlings, &c. which are to bear a great weight or pressure, such as the capstan-step.
1869 E. J. Reed Shipbuilding ii. 39 The laps of the outer keel-plate and garboard..require the usual double row [of rivets].
1895 Jrnl. Royal Inst. Brit. Archit. 14 Mar. 351 The roof should..have a lap of at least 3½ inches of tiles.
1897 Daily News 10 May 5/5 The hand-made cigarette..having a smaller ‘lap’.
b. half-lap: an arrangement for the joining of rails, shafts, etc., consisting in cutting away half the thickness of each of the two ends to be joined, and fitting them together. Also attributive.
ΚΠ
1816 W. Losh & G. Stephenson Specif. Patent 4067 6 The half lap joinings of the rails.
1825 N. Wood Pract. Treat. Railroads (1838) 42 [The rails] are now formed with a half-lap.
1875 J. Lukin Carpentry & Joinery 71 The half lap dovetail..has this one advantage, that [etc.].
c. Steam-engine. The distance traversed by a slide-valve beyond what is needed to close the passage of steam to or from the cylinder.
ΚΠ
1869 E. Malbon in Eng. Mech. 3 Dec. 282/2 Ascertain if they have had equal lap on the steam and exhaust side.
1881 J. W. Aston in Metal World No. 18. 274 The amount that these faces overlap the steam-ports being termed the lap of the valve.
1895 Mod. Steam Eng. 38 The lap of the slide being equally divided.
Categories »
d. U.S. ‘Any portion of a railroad track used in common by the trains of more than one system’ (Funk's Stand. Dict. 1893).
e. Metallurgy. A kind of defect that results when a projecting part is folded over against the surface of the metal and pressed in (e.g. during rolling or forging), so that a seam is produced on the surface.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > qualities of metals > [noun] > imperfections > seam or lap
seamc1840
lap1914
1914 W. Rosenhain Introd. Study Physical Metall. xiv. 324Laps’, ‘rokes’, etc.,..result from the partial welding up of fissures or of portions of metal which have become accidentally overlapped.
1939 E. C. Rollason Metall. for Engineers iv. 55 A defect, somewhat similar to a roke, is caused by poor roll design or by rolling at too low a temperature. The metal spreads to an extent greater than the designed pass and forms fins on opposite sides of the bar, which in subsequent passes are lapped over to give the lap illustrated.
1967 E. Bishop tr. M. van Lancker Metall. Aluminium Alloys viii. 238 Working may scratch the metal and result in corrosion damage.., or form laps..tears..and excessive work-hardening.
3. Euchre. (See quot. 1886.)
ΚΠ
1886 Euchre: how to play it iii. 40 The Lap game may be played by two, three, or four persons, when they agree to play a series of games, so that the lap may be applied, which is simply counting upon the score of the ensuing game all the points made over and above the five of which the game consists.
4.
a. A layer or sheet (usually wound upon a bobbin or roller) into which cotton, wool, or flax is formed in certain stages of its manufacture.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > treated or processed textiles > [noun] > layer or sheet
lap1825
fleece1853
1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 381 The cotton is in this state called a lap.
1888 J. Paton Wool in Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 658 The wool [for felted cloth] is scribbled or carded out into a uniform lap of extreme thinness.
1890 W. J. Gordon Foundry 163 The scutcher turns out the fibre in a thick fleecy mat, or ‘lap’, which is wound round a roller.
b. Warp Knitting. A loop of yarn on a needle.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > [noun] > knitting > processes involved in > loop of yarn on needle
lap1884
1884 W. T. Rowlett tr. G. Willkomm Technol. Framework Knitting I. i. 41 Each warp thread is also laid over a needle and forms the ‘lap’ over one.
1884 W. T. Rowlett tr. G. Willkomm Technol. Framework Knitting I. ii. 102 In the second lap..the loops are simply taken back into the throats of the sinkers with the old stitches. This second lap is called a ‘knock off lap’, because it does not form stitches.
1884 W. T. Rowlett tr. G. Willkomm Technol. Framework Knitting I. ii. 102 The purpose of such knock off laps is manifestly to bring as much thread as possible into the fabric, which thus becomes thick and soft, and suitable for underclothing or linings for shoes, &c.
1926 J. Chamberlain Hosiery, Yarns & Fabrics vii. 173 The knock-off stitch is often used to produce pure longitudinal stripes on warp knitted fabrics in which case the pressed lap is always made on the same needle and only the knock-off lap..is traversed to effect a lateral joining.
1952 D. F. Paling Warp Knitting Technol. i. 5 Assuming that two fully threaded guide bars are used, then each needle will be provided with two threads across its beard. These laps may be in similar directions or in opposite directions according to the relative directions of the overlaps.
1964 H. Wignall Knitting ii. 44 The needles are then raised to move the laps below the beards.
5.
a. The act of encircling, or the length of rope required to encircle, a drum or wheel. Also, enough of silk, thread, etc., to go once round something.
ΚΠ
1867 W. W. Smyth Treat. Coal & Coal-mining 163 A large vertical cylinder..16, 18, or even 20 feet in diameter at the first lap of the rope.
1867 F. Francis Bk. Angling iv. 113 It should be tied by a lap or two of silk.
1888 Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. Lap..(4) a single turn of a rope or chain around a barrel.
b. Horse Racing. One of the number of turns round the track, that are required to complete the course.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > [noun] > course or track > single circuit of
lap1861
tour1954
1861 Chambers's Jrnl. 23 Nov. 333 They had gone fourteen ‘laps’ (as these circuits are technically called).
1870 R. Burn Rome 297 The number of laps was usually seven.
1884 C. Dickens Dict. London 27/2 A running track, three laps to the mile.
1894 J. D. Astley Fifty Years of my Life II. 155 Having measured off the requisite number of laps to the mile on the gravel walks in our kitchen-garden.

Compounds

C1. General attributive. Also lap-streak n.
a. (In sense 2.)
lap-boarded adj.
ΚΠ
1927 Chambers's Jrnl. Sept. 597/2 Lap-boarded houses which overhang the sea.
lap-butt adj.
ΚΠ
1892 Daily News 9 Sept. 6/1 The shell plating..is fitted on the lap-butt principle.
lap-carling n.
ΚΠ
1874 S. J. P. Thearle Naval Archit. (new ed.) I. 47 When these carlings are required to resist an upward instead of the ordinary downward thrust, they..lap over the under side of the beams, in which case they are termed lap carlings.
lap-dovetail n.
ΚΠ
1847 A. C. Smeaton Builder's Pocket Man. (new ed.) 89 Fig. 24 represents the pin part of a lap-dovetail.
lap-dovetailing n.
ΚΠ
1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 588 Lap dovetailing conceals the dovetail, but shews the thickness of the lap on the return side.
lap-jointed adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > [adjective] > joined > with specific joint
mortised1538
dovetailed1656
scarfed1704
tenoned1770
tongued and grooved1773
mitred1775
mitre-jointed1791
matched1833
stub-mortised1833
dadoed1859
lap-jointed1874
t. and g.1948
1874 S. J. P. Thearle Naval Archit. (new ed.) I. 113 Liners are required behind the stiffeners by the lap-jointed system.
lap-seam n.
ΚΠ
1905 Westm. Gaz. 21 Mar. 5/1 He says the explosion was caused by a crack in the lap-seam [of the boiler].
1964 H. Hodges Artifacts iv. 77 Bronze vessels of (riveted) sheet metal could be made perfectly watertight, even when the edges were joined by a simple lap seam.
b.
lap-weld n.
ΚΠ
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1254/2 Lap-weld (Forging), a weld in which the welding edges are thinned down, lapped, and welded.
c. (In sense 4.)
lap-bobbin n.
lap-cylinder n.
ΚΠ
1851 Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. Great Exhib. II. 263 This felt or lap is delivered to a wooden lap-cylinder.
lap-drum n.
ΚΠ
1902 T. Thornley Cotton Combing Machines 17 The six webs are..drawn by frequent pairs of press rollers to the lap-head, consisting of two pairs of heavily weighted press rollers..and of the lap drums.
lap-head n.
ΚΠ
1902 T. Thornley Cotton Combing Machines 17 The six webs are..drawn by frequent pairs of press rollers to the lap-head, consisting of two pairs of heavily weighted press rollers.
lap-machine n.
ΚΠ
1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) IV. 209/1 Carding engines, lap~machines or doublers [etc.].
lap-roller n.
ΚΠ
1850 Ann. Rep. Commissioner Patents 1849: Arts & Manuf. 160 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (31st Congr., 1st Sess.: House of Representatives Executive Doc. 20, Pt. 1) VI I also claim the combination of burring apparatus..with the calender and lap rollers.
lap-tenter n.
ΚΠ
?1881 Census Eng. & Wales: Instr. Clerks classifying Occupations & Ages (?1885) 68 Lap Tenter.
1901 Census Explanatory Notes Cotton Lap Tenter.
1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) 164/2 Lap tenter (cotton).
d. (In sense 5b.)
lap-scorer n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > [noun] > official > lap-scorer
lap-scorer1896
1896 Westm. Gaz. 25 July 5/2 At one corner outside the track a little shed is filled with the ‘lap-scorers’.
lap-sprint n.
ΚΠ
1886 Cyclist 25 Aug. 1174/1 Fenlon, by a fine lap sprint, landed a winner by five yards.
lap time n.
ΚΠ
1909 Westm. Gaz. 7 Dec. 5/1 The net lap times of the Auvergne races of 1905.
1973 Times 28 Apr. 7/2 Both he and his team-mate, François Cevert, were later able to equal Regazzoni's lap time.
C2.
lap-dissolve v. = dissolve v. 7b.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > broadcasting > television > production of television broadcast > transmit by television [verb (transitive)] > devices
dissolve1912
lap-dissolve1927
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > special effect > special effects [verb (transitive)] > fade
dissolve1912
fade1918
lap-dissolve1927
cross-fade1937
1927 Observer 17 Apr. 3 No sooner has it [sc. the title] been read than it lap-dissolves into the director's name... It should be lap-dissolved in for a mere flash.
1934 H. M. Harwood Old Folks at Home i. i. 21 Sometimes the next picture's on before the last one's gone…lap…dissolve…isn't it?]
1962 Sunday Times 5 Aug. 20/4 The Stranger: All right, pardon me for living, it's just you looked so much like this very attractive party I met down here last year. (Lap dissolve to what may be the following day.)
lap-join v. (transitive) to join by means of a lap joint.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > build or construct with wood [verb (transitive)] > join > with specific joint or method
mortisea1450
culver-tail1616
scarf1627
tenon1652
dovetail1657
cock1663
shoot?1677
knee1711
indent1741
mitre1753
halve1804
box1815
tongue1823
sypher1841
cog1858
butt joint1859
jag1894
lap-join1968
1968 J. Arnold Shell Bk. Country Crafts vi. 116 The arrangement is to have a ‘V’ on one side and an inverted ‘V’ on the other, the apex of which is lap-joined flush with the top rail.
lap-joint n. (see quot. 1847).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > [noun] > wooden structures or wooden parts of > means of fitting together > types of joint
indenting1382
scarf1497
swallowtail1548
dovetail1565
mortise-piece1577
tenon and mortise1610
culver-tail1616
mortise and tenon1631
finger joint1657
breaking joint1663
meeting1663
mitre1665
scarfing1671
heading joint1773
dovetail-joint1776
butting joint1803
bevel-joint1823
lap-joint1823
lapped mitre1825
mitre dovetail1847
bridle joint1860
mortise1875
sypher-joint1875
keyed mitre1876
tongue-and-groove1882
saddle joint1948
1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 164 Folding doors, which meet together upon a lap-joint.
1847 A. C. Smeaton Builder's Pocket Man. (new ed.) 93 In a lap-joint, that is, in lapping two pieces together, supposing them of equal thickness, half the substance of each should be cut away.
1874 S. J. P. Thearle Naval Archit. (new ed.) I. 113 The bulkheads..are connected by single-riveted lap joints and butts.
lap-system n. (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1894 Gloss. Terms Evid. Royal Comm. Labour 51/2 in Parl. Papers 1893–4 (C. 7063–VC) XXXVIII. 411 Lap System, also called ‘trip system’, is a system (in the carter's industry) of piece-work, e.g., a driver taking loads of coal a given distance for a stated sum, works under the lap system.
lap winding n. Electrical Engineering a kind of armature winding in which the two ends of each coil are connected to adjacent commutator segments, so that each coil overlaps the next.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrical engineering > armature > [noun] > types of winding
ring winding1887
lap winding1892
wave winding1892
slot winding1900
barrel winding1902
bar winding1903
1892 S. P. Thompson Dynamo-electr. Machinery (ed. 4) xii. 311 When we go on to those cases in which the winding is entirely exterior to the core, as for drum armatures, or to those in which there is no core at all, namely for disk armatures, we find that there are two distinct modes of procedure, which we may respectively denote as lap-winding and wave-winding.
1902 Encycl. Brit. XXVII. 582/1 By the first, or lap winding,..the end of the loop is taken to a commutator sector, and thence starts off again to a third inductor.
1937 A. S. Langsdorf Theory Alternating-current Machinery v. 295 The end connections of a distributed winding may be arranged in several ways, all electrically identical... The order of grouping and the resultant shape of the coils give rise to the respective designations of spiral, lap, and wave windings.
1966 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. (rev. ed.) XIV. 505/2 Lap windings are adapted to high-current machines because they may have more than two parallel paths, whereas the wave windings are adapted to small-capacity machines and high-voltage machines because of the series connection of the coils.
lap-yard n. Obsolete the part of a roll of cloth which forms the outside wrapper.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > [noun] > roll > part of
lap-yard1733
1733 P. Lindsay Interest Scotl. 93 No Part of it [Linen Cloth] worse than the Lap-yard or outside Cover.

Draft additions 1997

lap of honour n. an additional, celebratory circuit of the track, completed by the victor after a race. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > [noun] > course or track > single circuit of > by winner
lap of honour1952
1952 Cycling 7 Aug. 132/2 He took his bouquet and lap of honour.
1955 J. B. Wadley's ‘Coureur’ Winter 39/3 I saw Andre Lemoine ride two laps of honour on that day.
1968 J. Lock Lady Policeman xvii. 147 I trailed after her on her lap of honour like Little Orphan Annie behind the ‘It’ girl.
1987 Guardian 31 Aug. 17/2 The Canadian raced into his lap of honour.
1989 Times 30 Sept. 11/1 Their candidate..would have been accorded a lap of honour at next week's party conference.

Draft additions 1997

transferred. A part of a journey or other endeavour. last lap: see last adj. 5.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > aspects of travel > a journey > [noun] > a stage in a journey
mansiona1382
journey1490
gests1550
jessa1593
stage1603
stade1616
manzil1619
skoff1785
pipe1793
leg1898
lap1932
1932 Discovery Dec. 393/1 We learned that weather conditions there had improved and that, for the last lap, we might expect better flying conditions.
1957 P. White Voss v. 100 This ship..would carry the party on the first and gentle lap of their immense journey.
1987 R. Ingalls End of Trag. 180 The next lap was a good deal harder.
1988 Washington Post 17 Mar. d1/1 The company comes to us on the first lap of an extended tour.

Draft additions 1997

(In sense 2.)
lap-weld n. and v.
ΚΠ
a1901 Mod. Catal. The tubes are lapwelded.
lap-welded adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > metal in specific state or form > [adjective] > welded > in specific manner
butt-welded1848
lap-welded1848
three-iron1892
spot-welded1921
fusion-welded1930
projection-welded1933
microwelded1963
1848 Mechanics' Mag. 48 287 (advt.) Lap-welded iron tubes.
1950 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 164 493/1 The manufacture of lap-welded pipe is described.
lap-dissolve n.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > broadcasting > television > production of television broadcast > [noun] > devices
fade-out1918
lap-dissolve1927
wipe1933
jump cut1953
optical1953
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > special effect > [noun] > fading
fade1918
fade-out1918
fading1918
lap-dissolve1927
cross-fading1931
cross-fade1937
1927 H. C. McKay Handbk. Motion Picture Photogr. xiv. 219 The first scene appears to melt and flow together and from the wreck arises the new scene. This was the original conception of the lap dissolve.
1979 Farmington (New Mexico) Daily Times 27 May (Entertainment Suppl.) 17/5 David and Margaret..make love in quaint little country inns in scenes of lap-dissolve close-ups.
1986 N.Y. Times 4 May ii. 19/3 She [sc. Elizabeth Taylor] is a lap-dissolve of dozens of contradictory images.

Draft additions January 2005

Swimming. One defined stage of a course, typically one or two lengths of a swimming pool. Cf. length n. 4d.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > water sports except racing > swimming > [noun] > swimming pool > length of
lap1883
length1912
1883 Times 24 Dec. 10/7 Beckwith..left the water after swimming 3 miles 21 laps, being at the time 7 laps to the bad.
1890 M. Cobbett Swimming xv. 52 In so necessarily limited a space the swimmer finds himself constrained to interrupt his stroke as he reaches each end of the bath, to turn before starting on a fresh lap.
1956 Times 12 Dec. 3/3 The Australians..believe in an extensive amount of slow swimming, sometimes completing some 20 laps before a 100 metres race.
1985 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) (Nexis) 27 Apr. Today he plans to raise $10,000 by swimming 3000m (120 laps of the pool).
2004 Washington Post (Electronic ed.) 21 July b6 Mr. Miller traveled the world, and he enjoyed swimming laps in his health club's pool until a few months before his death.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

lapn.4

Brit. /lap/, U.S. /læp/
Etymology: Of obscure etymology; perhaps a use of lap n.3, as the original tool may have been a ‘lap’ or wrapping of cloth or leather.
a. A rotating disk of soft metal or wood, used to hold polishing powder in cutting or polishing gems or metal.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > shaping tools or equipment > [noun] > smoothing or polishing
rubster1537
burnisher1598
rubber1664
runner1769
glazer1815
lap1815
linisher1943
1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art I. 35 In the manufacture of cutlery, the use of the stone is followed by that of the lap or glazor.
1833 J. Holland Treat. Manuf. Metal II. 29 The blade being properly ground, is then glazed..by applying it to the lap.
1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 212 A soft steel lap at first and afterwards a zinc one are generally used.
1888 S. O. Addy Gloss. Words Sheffield Lap, a wooden wheel with a leaden surface used to glaze razors.
b. A polishing tool of some relatively soft material (as lead or cast iron) made to a special shape for use in lapping (see lap v.4).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > shaping tools or equipment > [noun] > smoothing or polishing > for metal
agate1728
lap1881
pin busha1884
1881 W. W. Greener Gun & its Devel. 238 The lap is fixed into a head revolving 650 times a minute. The barrel is moved backwards and forwards upon the lap.
1886 Ld. Walsingham & R. Payne-Gallwey Shooting (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) I. 71 The polisher, or ‘lap’, as it is called, consists of an iron rod round which is secured a leaden plug the exact size of the tube.
1905 W. S. Leonard Machine-shop Tools (ed. 3) xxxi. 506 The laps described above are of the simplest and cheapest forms, namely, a plain shaft for the internal, and a collar for the external, lap.
1920 E. V. Oberg & F. D. Jones Gage Design vii. 191 Laps for Ring Gages.—Three laps are shown in Fig. 15 for lapping ring gages... They are made of cast iron and are ground to fit the ring gage to be lapped. Grinding the thread on a lap will insure accuracy.
1932 A. C. Hardy & F. H. Perrin Princ. Optics xvi. 338 The exposed surface of the blank is then ground by holding it against another tool, called a lap, which has previously been given the proper radius of curvature. The lap is rotated at a moderate speed on a vertical shaft and is fed with a mixture of coarse emery and water.
1942 A. F. Collins Greatest Eye in World ii. 43 A concave iron lap is then placed over the lenses on the head and the spindle is rotated by an electric motor.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

lapv.1

Brit. /lap/, U.S. /læp/
Forms: α. Old English lapian, Middle English–1500s, 1700s Scottish lape, Middle English–1500s Scottish laip, 1800s Scottish lepe. β. Middle English–1500s lappe, Middle English– lap.
Etymology: Old English lapian = Middle Low German and Middle Dutch lapen, Old High German laffan; compare Icelandic lepja; the Old Germanic root *lap- (cognate with Latin lambĕre, Greek λάπτειν to lick, lap) is represented also by Old High German leffil, modern German löffel spoon. The normal representative of the Old English word is the obsolete lape; the form lappe, lap may be due to the influence of French laper (an adoption of the Germanic word).
1. intransitive. To take up liquid with the tongue. In Old English const. on, in early modern English in. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > [verb (intransitive)] > lap
licka1000
lapc1000
slap1603
c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 184 Gebeorh þæt hie..neaht nestige lapien on hunig.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 215 What man that hath the water nome Up in his hande and lappeth so, To thy part chese out alle tho.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 1434 Let þise ladyes of hem lape.
a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Wolf & Lamb l. 2622 in Poems (1981) 97 [The lamb] In the streme laipit to cule his thrist.
1570 Mariage Witte & Sci. iv. iii. sig. Diij Alas why hath she this delite, to lap in giltles blode?
a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) iii. vii. 84 Vncouer Dogges, and lap . View more context for this quotation
a1640 T. Risdon Chorogr. Surv. Devon (1811) (modernized text) §286 296 Cattle accustomed to drink or lap.
1721 A. Ramsay On Punch-bowl 7 Take up my Ladle, fill, and lape.
1732 C. Mortimer in Philos. Trans. 1731–2 (Royal Soc.) 37 172 And then he lapped again, but could not stand on his Legs.
2.
a. transitive. Of animals, rarely of human beings: To take up (liquid, rarely food) with the tongue; to drink greedily up (like an animal). Also with up.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > by eating habits > [verb (transitive)] > lick or lap
lapa1616
the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > [verb (transitive)] > lap
soss1598
slap1608
lapa1616
a1340 R. Rolle Psalter lxvii. 25 Berkand agayn wickidnes & lapand watire of grace.
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Judges vii. 5 Thilk that with hoond and with tonge lapen the watris.
1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 33 There lerned I fyrst to lapen of the bloode.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid x. x. 44 Thyr sey monstreis..[sal] lape thy blude thar hungeir to asswage.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) ii. i. 293 They'l take suggestion, as a Cat laps milke. View more context for this quotation
1681 W. Robertson Phraseologia generalis (1693) 799 They lap up their meat, what they eat.
1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 40. ⁋9 He had the Cholick last Week with lapping sour Milk.
1735 W. Somervile Chace i. 155 Soon as the growling Pack..Have lapp'd their smoaking Viands.
1813 J. Hogg Queen's Wake ii. xiii. 187 And he baited the lion to deeds of weir, Till he lapped the blood to the kingdom dear.
1819 T. Moore Tom Crib's Memorial to Congress (ed. 3) 21 Up he rose in a funk, lapp'd a toothful of brandy, And to it again.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. viii. 384 Some basons of water for washing were suffered to pass... The jurymen, raging with thirst, soon lapped up the whole.
1871 D. G. Rossetti Eden Bower in Poems xlix The soul of one shall be made thy brother, And thy tongue shall lap the blood of the other.
b. U.S. Of a bear: to gather and eat fruits or nuts. Hence lapping-season.
ΚΠ
1868 Amer. Naturalist 2 122 They climb in order to ‘lap’, as the hunter says.
1868 Amer. Naturalist 2 122 When mast is not plenty, they lap black-gum berries.
1881 Scribner's Monthly Oct. 858/2 This is called the lapping season, as he ensconces himself in a tree lap and breaks the limbs to pieces, in gathering nuts and fruits.
c. to lap up: (figurative) to receive (praise, news, etc.) eagerly.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > acquisition > receiving > receive [verb (transitive)] > receive eagerly
to lap up1890
1890 A. James Diary 20 May (1964) 119 Where do you suppose they have discovered Self-Sacrifice now? In the heroic bosom of Stanley! who on his own showing laps up the agréments of African travel as I do my afternoon tea.
1922 S. Lewis Babbitt xxx. 359 I was simply astonished, the way those women lapped it up!
1930 D. H. Lawrence A Propos Lady Chatterley's Lover 18 People wallow in emotion: counterfeit emotion. They lap it up: they live in it and on it.
1931 G. Atherton Sophisticates ii. xix. 210 ‘Polly, of all women, to start such a thing!’ muttered Emerey. ‘Or Toddles, for that matter. I've found out it was she who fed Polly with the idea of doing something new and strange. Of course she lapped it up.’
1958 Listener 20 Nov. 815/1 The Indian Embassy in Bonn will lap up information about Eastern Germany.
1972 Times 20 Apr. 25/1 Americans have lapped the book up, already getting through Dell's first order of 100,000.
3. To suck (a teat). Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > processes or manners of eating > eat via specific process [verb (transitive)] > suck > milk or the breast
suckc825
lap1562
milka1616
suckle1971
1562 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Æneid viii. C cj b Their mammies teats thei lap wt hungrie lipps.
4. intransitive. Of water: To move with a rippling sound like that made in lapping. Also with in, up.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > sound of water > make sound of or like water [verb (intransitive)] > lap
lap1823
lapse1832
slap1840
lap-lap1871
wap1910
the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > wave > movement of waves > move restlessly about [verb (intransitive)] > sweep over or strike against a surface > lap
lap1823
1823 W. Scott Peveril IV. i. 22 Flinty steps..against which the tide lapped fitfully with small successive waves.
1840 F. Marryat Poor Jack xxii. 156 You'd think that the water was lapping in right among us.
1842 Ld. Tennyson Morte d'Arthur in Poems (new ed.) II. 9 I heard the water lapping on the crag.
1873 W. Black Princess of Thule xxiii. 384 The sea lapped around the boat.
1886 J. Ruskin Præterita II. v. 152 The water..lapping up, or lashing, under breeze, against the terrace wall.
5. transitive. To beat upon (the shore, etc.) with a lapping sound.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > sound of water > make sound of or like water [verb (transitive)] > lap
lap1855
the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > wave > movement of waves > [verb (transitive)] > beat upon or dash over (a ship) > lap against
lip1842
lap1855
1855 E. C. Gaskell North & South I. vii. 86 The distant sea, lapping the sandy shore with measured sound.
1874 H. W. Longfellow Cadenabbia iv I..hear the water..lapping the steps beneath my feet.
1883 E. C. Rollins New Eng. Bygones (new ed.) 59 Where was a rotting old boat, which the waves lapped lazily.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

lapv.2

Brit. /lap/, U.S. /læp/
Forms: Middle English–1500s lappe, Middle English wlappe, Middle English–1500s lape, Middle English– lap.
Etymology: Not in Old English or in any other Germanic language; first recorded c1200–1225 in the compound bi-lappe , bi-leppe . Probably < lap n.1 in the sense ‘fold’ or ‘piece of cloth’. The perplexing form wlappe (Wyclif, Pecock) is probably not original, but due to the influence of the synonymous wrap v.; it is hardly likely that Old French vloper, veloper, voloper can have contributed to the change of form.
1.
a. transitive. To coil, fold, wrap (a garment, or anything supple). Const. about, in, †on, †over, round, †to, †until; also with about, round adverbs.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > folding or folded condition > fold [verb (transitive)]
foldc888
lapa1300
plya1393
turna1400
doublec1430
plaitc1430
overfold?1440
plet?a1500
flipe1530
upfold1600
enfold1605
plicate1654
tuck1835–6
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > wrapping > wrap [verb (transitive)]
bewindOE
writheOE
windc1175
bewrap?c1225
lapa1300
umbelaya1300
umbeweave1338
wlappec1380
enwrapa1382
wrapa1382
inlap1382
envelop1386
forwrapc1386
hapc1390
umbeclapa1400
umbethonrea1400
umblaya1400
wapc1420
biwlappea1425
revolve?a1425
to roll up?a1425
roll?c1425
to roll ina1475
wimple1513
to wind up?1533
invest1548
circumvolve1607
awrap1609
weave1620
sheet1621
obvolve1623
embowdle1625
amict1657
wry1674
woold1775
overwrap1815
wrapper1885
wrapper1905
weve-
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > wrapping > wrap [verb (transitive)] > wrap (a wrapping)
lapa1300
wrapc1400
scarf1604
a1300 Sarmun xxxix, in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 5 In to þis world..he broȝte a stinkind felle i-lappid þer an.
a1350 St. Laurence 194 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Leg. (1881) 110 Iren plates he gert þam glew And lap until his sides ay new.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 268 That yonge fresshe quene That mantel lapped her aboute.
c1440 Gesta Romanorum (Harl.) vii. 17 She lappid hire taile aboute þe corde of the belle.
?1553 (c1501) G. Douglas Palice of Honour (London) Prol. l. 3 in Shorter Poems (1967) 8 Pale Aurora..Hir russat mantill..Lappit about be heuinlye circumstance.
1569 T. Newton tr. Cicero Worthye Bk. Olde Age 38 a The vine..lappeth it selfe fast, to what soever it commeth neare.
1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 19 Nature hath in such wise lapped, and fastened to the tooth [of the Vertebra] a solid Ligament.
1600 R. Hakluyt tr. G. B. Ramusio in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) III. 419 The frier lapping a garment about his arme [etc.].
1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. ii. 18 Hammer the Plate that is lap'd over the wyre close to the wyre.
1704 J. Swift Tale of Tub xi. 197 He would lap a Piece of it about a sore Toe.
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth IV. 121 This is lapped round the rest of the body.
1832 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 31 625 Lapping the skirts..about the little feet.
1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 215 After they are bleached..they are lapped round in great lengths of several pieces.
1849 D. Rock Church our Fathers II. 140 Its upper roll, instead of being lapped about, was kept fastened in its place..by a golden pin.
1859 J. E. Tennent Ceylon II. viii. v. 362 They..mutually entwined their trunks, lapped them round their limbs and neck.
in extended use.1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) ix. l. 270 The wer schippis was lappyt thaim about.1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid ii. x. 201 About my feit My spous lappit fell doun into the ȝet.
b. intransitive for reflexive. Const. about, round. Now rare exc. dialect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > wrapping > wrap [verb (intransitive)] > of cloth, etc.
lap1563
1563 2nd Tome Homelyes Agst. Disobedience & Rebel. iv, in J. Griffiths Two Bks. Homilies (1859) ii. 577 A great tree..caught him by..his goodly hair, lapping about it as he fled.
1680 Vind. Reforming Clergy (ed. 2) 16 This is a fine pliable principle..'twill lap about your finger like Barbary Gold.
1717 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 1 Apr. (1965) I. 328 This [dress]..laps all round 'em, not unlike a rideing hood.
1845 W. Napier Conquest Scinde ii. vi. 387 The two regiments thus opposed, lapped round the nearest point of the houses.
1883 T. Lees Easther's Gloss. Dial. Almondbury & Huddersfield Lap, the end of a piece of cloth, which in weaving laps round the low beam.
2. To fold, fold up, together; to roll up in successive layers. Const. into. Obsolete or dialect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > folding or folded condition > fold [verb (transitive)] > together
lap1390
interfold1579
interplicate1623
flap1644
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 320 She wafe a cloth of silke all white..And lapped it together.
a1400–50 Wars Alex. 4568 Quen he had lokid on þe lyne he lappid it to-gedire.
1495 Trevisa's Bartholomeus De Proprietatibus Rerum (de Worde) xvii. xciv. sig. Ri/2 Þe leues of Lappates ben..wonderly wrallyd & lappyd and cleuynge togyders wyth a short caule stocke.
a1568 R. Ascham Let. to E. Raven That he may both see news &c. largely told, and also learn to lap up a letter.
1573 J. Daus tr. H. Bullinger Hundred Serm. vpon Apocalipse (rev. ed.) xxxiii. f. 95 As a booke lapped vp together.
1577 Vicary's Profitable Treat. Anat. sig. D.ijv This Piamater deuideth the substaunce of the Brayne, and lappeth it into certen selles or diuisions.
a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 24 To give charge that in lappinge up of a fleece they allwayes putte the Inne-side of the fleece outwards.
1678 Duchess of Newcastle in Buccleuch MSS (Hist. MSS Comm.) (1899) I. 330 Since I lapt up my letter I writ this.
1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 194 Bulls Hides..joined, and lapped or rolled one over another.
?1790 J. Imison Curious & Misc. Articles (new ed.) 80 in School of Arts (ed. 2) A..clean linen rag lapped up.
figurative.1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1298/1 Lapping vp (among a bundle of other misfortunes) this euill chance.
3.
a. To enfold in a wrap or wraps, to enwrap, swathe; hence, to clothe, to bind up, tie round. Const. in, †with, †within. Also with †in, over, round, up. to lap on: to attach or fix on with a lapping of thread or the like. †to lap in lead: to place in a leaden coffin; hence, to entomb.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > bury or entomb [verb (transitive)]
bedelveOE
begraveOE
burya1000
beburyc1000
bifel-ec1000
layc1000
to fall, lull, lay (bring obs.) asleepOE
tombc1275
gravec1300
inter1303
rekec1330
to lap in leadc1340
to lay to rest, abed, to bed1340
lie1387
to louk in clay (lead, etc.)?a1400
to lay lowa1425
earthc1450
sepulture1490
to put awaya1500
tyrea1500
mould1530
to graith in the grave1535
ingrave1535
intumulate1535
sepult1544
intumil?c1550
yird1562
shrinea1566
infera1575
entomb1576
sepelite1577
shroud1577
funeral1578
to load with earth1578
delve1587
to lay up1591
sepulchrize1595
pit-hole1607
infuneral1610
mool1610
inhumate1612
inurna1616
inhume1616
pit1621
tumulate1623
sepulchrea1626
turf1628
underlay1639
urna1657
to lay to sleep, asleep1701
envaulta1745
plant1785
ensepulchre1820
sheugh1839
to put under1879
to lay away1885
the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > types of burial or entombment > bury in specific manner [verb (transitive)] > bury in specific container or covering
to lap in leadc1340
to lay woolward1604
the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > preparation or treatment of corpse > prepare corpse [verb (transitive)] > put in coffin > of specific type
to lap in leadc1340
sarcophagus1862
sarcophagizea1876
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > attachment > attach or affix [verb (transitive)]
fastenOE
fasta1225
tachec1315
to-seta1340
catcha1350
affichea1382
to put ona1382
tacka1387
to put to1396
adjoina1400
attach?a1400
bend1399
spyndec1400
to-tachc1400
affixc1448
complexc1470
setc1480
attouch1483
found?1541
obligate1547
patch1549
alligate1563
dight1572
inyoke1595
infixa1616
wreathe1643
adlige1650
adhibit1651
oblige1656
adent1658
to bring to1681
engage1766
superfix1766
to lap on1867
accrete1870
c1340 R. Rolle Prose Treat. (1866) 5 Laid in a crib and lappid in clathis.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xxvii. 59 The body taken, Joseph wlappide [a1425 L.V. lappide] it in a clene sendel.
?a1400 Morte Arth. 2300 They..bawmede þaire honourliche kynges,..Lappede them in lede.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 175 Alle þyn oþer lymez lapped ful clene, Þenne may þou se þy sauior.
c1450 Middle Eng. Med. Bk. (Heinrich) 170 Lappe hem [warts] in wort leues.
c1500 King & Hermit in M. M. Furrow Ten 15th-cent. Comic Poems (1985) 259 Go to slepe, And I schall lape þe with my cope.
1530 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1884) V. 292 Unto every ij or iij gud and discreit women that wyndes and lappis my body in one sheit..iiijd.
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. iii. 317 The seede, lapped as it were in a certaine white wooll.
1601 A. Dent Plaine Mans Path-way to Heauen 412 Christ Iesus..wil swaddle you, and lappe you.
1608 T. Middleton Mad World, my Masters ii. sig. C2 Let him trap me In gold, and Ile lap him in lead.
1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. xiii. 60 With a malet in the one hand, & a plug lapped in Okum..in the other.
1685 N. Crouch Eng. Empire in Amer. iv. 83 I shewed the Captain and his Wife my Fingers, who..bid me lap it up again.
1726 J. Swift Gulliver I. ii. i. 16 I..laid my self at Length upon the Handkerchief, with the Remainder of which he lapped me up to the Head.
1780 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 70 App. 3 This brush is again lapped round with thread.
1817 W. Scott Harold i. xx. 34 The good old prelate lies lapp'd in lead.
1821 J. Clare Village Minstrel II. 31 The mower too lapt up his scythe from our sight.
1832 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 31 624 I had fished..; but having broken my top in an unlucky leap, was..lapping the fracture.
1861 C. Reade Cloister & Hearth III. iv. 64 A good dozen of spices lapped in flax paper.
1867 F. Francis Bk. Angling xiii. 390 Lay the tail to the hook..and lap it on securely.
1876 W. H. Preece & J. Sivewright Telegraphy 233 The ends are lapped over with tape and yarn to prevent abrasion of the gutta percha.
in extended use.a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Exod. xiv. 27 The Lord wlappide hem in the myddis of the floodis.1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. ii. 16 The Sea and Earth togither are lapped vp in the Ayre.1602 J. Marston Antonios Reuenge iii. iii. sig. F2v Were thy heart lapt vp In any flesh, but in Piero's bloode, I would thus kisse it.a1628 J. Preston New Covenant (1634) 96 Who lookes upon him as lapping the waters as in a garment.1657 W. Morice Coena quasi Κοινὴ Pref. 2 The reasons thereof in writing..I lapt up in one sheet, and transmitted to him.1860 J. Ruskin Mod. Painters V. 216 Lapped in pale Elysian mist.
b. To hem in, press close upon with a hostile force, or with something noxious. Also with about, in. Obsolete (in later use only Scottish)
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > make an attack upon [verb (transitive)] > on all sides
lapc1330
to lay about14..
besetc1520
beleaguer?1589
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > surround or lie around [verb (transitive)] > in hostile or harmful manner
beset?c1225
lapc1330
to lay about14..
underset1488
to fetch in1565
bestad1579
c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 276 Lap þam bituex ȝow.
14.. in F. J. Furnivall Polit., Relig., & Love Poems (1903) 94 Thus ame I lappyd all a-boute; With todys and snaks.
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) x. l. 1149 Thiddyr he past and lappyt It [Dunde] about.
a1500 (?c1400) Sir Triamour (Cambr.) (1937) l. 1057 They lapped hym in on euery syde.
1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour l. 3974 in Wks. (1931) I The Romanis lappit thame about, That be no waye thay mycht wyn out.
c. To fold (in the arms); to clasp, embrace.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > embrace > [verb (transitive)]
clipc950
freeOE
beclipc1000
windc1175
fang?c1200
yokec1275
umgripea1300
to take in (also into, on) one's armsc1300
umbefold14..
collc1320
lapc1350
bracec1375
embracec1386
clapa1400
folda1400
halsea1400
umbeclapa1400
accollc1400
fathomc1400
halchc1400
haspc1400
hoderc1440
plighta1450
plet?a1500
cuddlec1520
complect1523
umbfoldc1540
clasp1549
culla1564
cully1576
huggle1583
embosom1590
wrap1594
collya1600
cling1607
bosom1608
grasp1609
comply1648
huddlea1650
smuggle1679
inarm1713
snuggle1775
cwtch1965
c1350 Parl. Three Ages (text B) 247 With ladis full lufly lapped yn armes.
c1374 G. Chaucer Compl. Mars 76 This worthi Mars that is of knyghthode wel The flour of feyrenesse lappeth in his armes.
c1440 Bone Flor. 113 Sche schall..in hur lovely armes me lappe.
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) vi. l. 54 He at will may lap hyr in his armys.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid iii. ix. 38 Gruling on his kneis, He lappit me fast by baith the theis.
d. Proverb. to be lapped in one's mother's smock: to be born to fortune. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > prosperity > prosper or flourish [verb (intransitive)] > be in easy circumstances > be born to
to be lapped in one's mother's smock1690
to be born with a silver spoon in one's mouth1801
1690 W. Walker Idiomatologia Anglo-Lat. 262 He was lapt in his mother's smock, (plane fortunæ filius).
4. In immaterial senses.
a. To involve; to imply, include; to implicate, entangle; to wrap up in a disguise. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > doing > activity or occupation > occupy or engage (a person) [verb (transitive)] > have to do with or be involved in or with > involve in something
lapa1340
implyc1374
engage1593
dipa1627
concern1675
involve1704
implicate1798
intrigue1899
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > hide, conceal [verb (transitive)]
heeleOE
forhelec888
i-hedec888
dernc893
hidec897
wryOE
behelec1000
behidec1000
bewryc1000
forhidec1000
overheleOE
hilla1250
fealc1325
cover1340
forcover1382
blinda1400
hulsterc1400
overclosec1400
concealc1425
shroud1426
blend1430
close1430
shadow1436
obumber?1440
mufflea1450
alaynec1450
mew?c1450
purloin1461
to keep close?1471
oversilec1478
bewrap1481
supprime1490
occulta1500
silec1500
smoor1513
shadec1530
skleir1532
oppressa1538
hudder-mudder1544
pretex1548
lap?c1550
absconce1570
to steek away1575
couch1577
recondite1578
huddle1581
mew1581
enshrine1582
enshroud1582
mask1582
veil1582
abscondc1586
smotherc1592
blot1593
sheathe1594
immask1595
secret1595
bemist1598
palliate1598
hoodwinka1600
overmaska1600
hugger1600
obscure1600
upwrap1600
undisclose1601
disguise1605
screen1611
underfold1612
huke1613
eclipsea1616
encavea1616
ensconcea1616
obscurify1622
cloud1623
inmewa1625
beclouda1631
pretext1634
covert1647
sconce1652
tapisa1660
shun1661
sneak1701
overlay1719
secrete1741
blank1764
submerge1796
slur1813
wrap1817
buttress1820
stifle1820
disidentify1845
to stick away1900
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > condition or state of being inclusive > include [verb (transitive)] > in a class, description, or reckoning
accounta1464
lap1552
include1575
shroud1593
comprise1597
list1622
classicate1654
classa1658
distribute1664
to run over ——1724
immerse1734
group1759
compute1818
classify1854
count1857
to ring in1916
a1340 R. Rolle Psalter xlviii. 1 Rightwismen þat ere not..lappid in errours of þe warld.
1395 J. Purvey Remonstr. (1851) 3 No preest or dekene wlappith hymself in seculer officis.
c1425 J. Lydgate Assembly of Gods 126 And..er they coude beware, With a sodeyn pyry, he lappyd hem in care.
c1440 Gesta Romanorum (Harl.) xxvii. 103 I am a thef, scil. lappid with swiche a synne.
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xiii. 127 I am al lappyd In sorow.
1549 H. Latimer 2nd Serm. before Kynges Maiestie 4th Serm. sig. Ni Ther is not a more comfortable lesson in al the scripture, then heare nowe in the lappynge vp of the matter.
?c1550 tr. P. Vergil Three Bks. Eng. Hist. (1844) 112 Howsooer the matter was lapped up, it is apparent.
1552 H. Latimer Serm. Gospels i. 150 He lappeth up all thynges in Loue.
a1555 H. Latimer 27 Serm. (1562) ii. f. 37 This Vs: lappeth in al other men with my prayer.
1589 R. Robinson Golden Mirrour sig. D.4v No..secret shift so closely lapt, but Time the trueth shall trie.
1594 R. Carew tr. J. Huarte Exam. Mens Wits xi. 172 Herein is lapped vp a verie great secret.
1661 O. Felltham Resolves (rev. ed.) 240 You shall..whether you will or no..be lapp'd in some drunken fray.
b. Of conditions or influences: To enfold, surround, esp. with soothing, stupefying, or seductive effect. Often with round.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > wrapping > wrap [verb (transitive)] > enfold or envelop > in a surrounding medium > of conditions or influences > specific soothing or seductive
lapa1375
wrap1399
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 740 Swiche listes of loue hadde lapped his hert.
c1450 Cov. Myst. (Shaks. Soc.) 125 The plage of dompnesse his leppis lappyd.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 465 Soche likyng of loue lappit hir within.
1645 J. Milton L'Allegro in Poems 36 And ever against eating Cares, Lap me in soft Lydian Aires, Married to immortal verse.
1747 T. Warton Pleasures of Melancholy 17 Till all my soul is..lap'd in Paradise.
1806 T. Moore Genius of Harmony i. 19 Such downy dreams, As lap the spirit of the seventh sphere.
1819 S. Rogers Human Life 62 Lapping the soul in sweetest melancholy!
1821 J. Baillie Ghost Fadon in Metrical Legends liv A spell of horror lapped him round.
1853 M. Arnold Requiescat 12 For peace her soul was yearning, And now peace laps her round.
1871 L. Stephen Playground of Europe (1894) viii. 174 I was..lapped in some dim consciousness that I had still an hour and a half before..starting.
1877 L. Morris Epic of Hades i. 13 I who was..Only a careless boy lapt round with ease.
1880 A. C. Swinburne Songs Springtides 17 The joy that like a garment..lapped him over and under.
5. With allusion to lap n.1 5a: To enfold caressingly like a child in its mother's lap; to nurse, fondle, caress; to surround with soothing and shielding care. Now chiefly passive, to be nursed in luxury, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > care, protection, or charge > care for, protect, or have charge of [verb (transitive)] > affectionately or tenderly
nourishc1300
cherish1340
fosterc1386
lapc1430
tender1449
nestle1548
nuzzlea1577
brood1618
incubate1641
nurslea1652
c1430 Hymns Virg. 3 Þou..Þat lappid me loueli with liking song.
a1500 (?c1400) Sir Triamour (Cambr.) (1937) l. 417 Sche toke vp hur sone to hur And lapped hyt full lythe.
1556 J. Heywood Spider & Flie ii. 16 Who all my life haue beene Lapped in lap of thy fayre flattering flowres.
?1614 W. Drummond His Ladies Dog in Poems It is his hap To lie lap'd in her Lap.
1811 W. R. Spencer Nursing True Love 1 Lapt on Cythera's golden sands.
1822 W. Hazlitt Table-talk (1869) 2nd Ser. xvi. 323 We grow fastidious, effeminate, lapped in idle luxury.
1861 H. Bushnell Christian Nurture ii. ii. 245 The child that is..lovingly lapped in the peaceful trust of providence, is born to a glorious heritage.
1862 E. M. Goulburn Thoughts Pers. Relig. II. iii. viii. 202 Moses has been lapped in royal luxury from his infancy.
1862 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia III. xii. ix. 292 Beautiful blue world of Hills..fruitful valleys lapped in them.
1870 W. C. Bryant tr. Homer Iliad I. vi. 189 There is a town Lapped in the pasture-grounds.
6. transitive.
a. To lay (something) on, over (another thing) so as partly to cover it.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > partially > cause to
lap1607
overlap1717
1607 G. Markham Cavelarice ii. 175 Till you perceiue at last he lap & throw his outmost legge ouer his inmost.
1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. iv. 67 Two Boards are thus lapped on the edges over one another.
1682 N. Grew Anat. Plants iv. ii. ii. 164 The Leaves of the Flower of Blattaria..are so lapped one over another, as to make an Equilateral Pentangle.
1748 S. Richardson Clarissa IV. xxi. 99 She..lapp'd one horse-lip over the other, and was silent.
1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 626 When laid on the roof, they [slates] are bonded and lapped as in common slating.
1869 E. Malbon in Eng. Mech. 3 Dec. 282/3 Lapping the high pressure valves will greatly raise the exhaust side.
1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) IV. 79/1 The edge-joints, as well as the butts, are generally lapped.
b. Of a slide-valve: To pass over and close (a port). Also, to cause (a slide-valve) to overlap the port.
ΚΠ
1870 Eng. Mech. 28 Jan. 482/3 The steam-valve..commences to lap its port by the motion of the eccentric.
c. ? U.S. Of a boat, in racing: To come partly alongside (another).
ΚΠ
1897 Webster's Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. (at cited word) The hinder boat lapped the foremost one.
7. intransitive.
a. to lap on to (also over, upon) (something): to lie upon, so as to cover partially; also, to lie upon and project over, overlap.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > partially
to lap on to (also over, upon)1678
overlap1726
shingle1857
1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. ii. 18 Double the end of the Plate..over the wyre to lap over it.
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth IV. 120 One edge sticks in the skin, while the other laps over that immediately behind it.
1776–96 W. Withering Brit. Plants (ed. 3) II. 399 Calyx segments lapping over each other.
1781 Ann. Reg. 1779 ii. 103/2 When either of the ends of any of the laths laps over other laths.
1843 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 4 i. 34 They should be laid as regularly as possible—one part lapping on to the next layer.
1846 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 7 i. 51 The four furrows..then lie two furrows right and left, lapping on to the furrow-slices thrown out of the old furrows.
1850 J. Greenwood Sailor's Sea-bk. 128 The mast-carlings are said to lap upon the beams by reason of their great depth; and head-ledges at the ends lap over the coamings.
1853 G. Johnston Terra Lindisfarnensis I. 263 They lap over rocks and shelving banks.
1854 W. K. Kelly tr. D. F. J. Arago Astron. 57 If the two images of the sun be made to lap over each other.
b. To project into (something).
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > project from (something) [verb (transitive)] > cause to project or stretch forth > project into
lap1856
1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xxiii. 286 One end lapped into the west side a considerable distance.
8. With over adv.: To project beyond something else, forming a lap or flap; figurative to extend beyond some limit.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > extension in space > extend in space [verb (intransitive)] > extend over edge of
lap1631
disboard1725
ride1839
the world > time > duration > have duration [verb (intransitive)] > extend beyond a period
lap1895
1631 R. Byfield Doctr. Sabbath Vindicated 102 The..end..lapped over, and strucke the childe.
a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Cumb. 219 Worldly wealth he cared not for, desiring onely to make both ends meet; and as for that little that lapped over, he gave it to pious uses.
1681 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis 171 The upper Wings.., at their hinder ends, where they lap over, transparent..like the Wing of a Fly.
1895 J. W. Mackail Lat. Lit. 135 He outlived Augustus by three years, and so laps over into the sombre period of the Julio-Claudian dynasty.
9.
Categories »
a. Euchre. [Compare lap n.3 3] intransitive. (See quot.)
b. Horse Racing and Motor Racing. [Compare lap n.3 5b] transitive. To get one or more laps ahead of (a competitor). Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > race (a race) [verb (transitive)] > get one or more laps ahead of
lap1847
1847 W. T. Porter Quarter Race Kentucky 50 I told you the brown horse was a mighty fast one... But soon I lapped him.
1857 Lawrence (Kansas Territory) Republican 11 June 3 This..was a killing pace, but Mahen lapped him inside the first quarter.
1890 ‘Cavendish’ Pocket Guide to Euchre 9 If the score of a game laps (that is, if more points are made than are necessary to win a game), the surplus is carried to the next game.
1890 Illustr. Sporting & Dramatic News 26 Apr. 210/1 He lapped most of his opponents before half the distance was covered.
1897 Daily News 30 Aug. 3/3 Stocks started well, and lapped his opponents in the first 20 miles.
1961 J. S. Salak Dict. Amer. Sports 259 Lap, pass another car for the second or third time.
1966 Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. 1964 xlii. 6 ‘To be lapped’, to be passed by a car the race distance for which already exceeds the car being overtaken by the length of a complete lap.
1969 ‘D. Rutherford’ Gilt-edged Cockpit i. 18 The leading Ferrari..was in fourth place and about to be lapped by the Mascot.
1973 Times 9 Feb. 15/5 We are constantly being lapped in the wages race.
c. transitive and intransitive. Of persons engaged in a race, or their vehicles: to travel over (a distance) as a lap; also simply, to traverse.
ΚΠ
1923 Daily Mail 24 May 10 The course, 37¾ miles in length, has to be lapped six times.
1923 Daily Mail 4 June 13 The Leyland expert put up the highest speed of the day when he lapped the 2¾ miles at an average of 117 miles an hour.
1927 Daily Express 2 June 12/4 Major Segrave hopes..to lap the course at a fair speed.
1928 Daily Express 26 May 9/2 There are many machines entered which could lap all day at sixty-five miles an hour.
1973 P. Evans Bodyguard Man xiii. 93 Just lapping the track gently. Nothing too strenuous.
10. [Properly another word, < lap n.3 4] transitive. To reduce raw cotton to a lap.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > treating or processing textile materials > treating or processing cotton > treat or process cotton [verb (transitive)]
gin1700
lap1851
nep1875
1851 Art Jrnl. Illustr. Catal. p. iv**/1 This cylinder is cleaned of the teazed cotton by means of brushes, which deliver the cotton on to fluted rollers so regularly, that it comes out of the machine lapped into the form of a broad, felt-like web of cleaned cotton.
1879 T. H. S. Escott England I. 150 The various rooms for scutching, lapping, carding and roving the raw fibre [cotton].

Compounds

lap-band n., lap-bander n. dialect (see quots.). lap-work n. work in which one part is interchangeably lapped over another.
ΚΠ
1681 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis 373 The Ground is a Packthred-Caule; not Netted, but Woven. Into which by the Indian-Women are wrought, by a kind of Lap-Work, the Quills of Porcupines.
1829 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words (new ed.) Lapbander, that which binds closely one thing to another... A tremendous oath is frequently called a lap-bander.
1868 J. C. Atkinson Gloss. Cleveland Dial. Lap-band, hoop-iron.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

lapv.3

Brit. /lap/, U.S. /læp/
Etymology: back-formation < lapcock: see lap-cock n. at lap n.1 Compounds 2.
transitive. To put up (hay) in small cocks.
ΚΠ
1839 W. Carleton Fardorougha (ed. 2) 57 We'd get this hay lapp'd in half the time.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

lapv.4

Brit. /lap/, U.S. /læp/
Etymology: < lap n.4
transitive. To rub or abrade so as to make a surface smooth (and often correctly shaped) to a high degree of precision, usually by the use of a rotating lap of suitable shape coated or impregnated with an abrasive dust, paste, or liquid.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > reflection > [verb (transitive)] > polish or cause to shine with reflected light
frot?c1225
burnishc1325
polisha1382
varnishc1405
silvera1592
shine1604
frub1611
rutilate1623
silken1757
gloss1762
pearl1843
gloze1880
lap1881
sheen1901
society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > work with tools or equipment [verb (transitive)] > filing, polishing, or smoothing tool
planea1398
pumicea1425
roll?1523
plain1535
pounce1580
file1616
smooth-file1683
plane1726
sandpaper1846
pumice-stone1851
paper1875
lap1881
sand1928
1881 W. W. Greener Gun & its Devel. 238 Most of the barrels are lapped or polished with a lead and emery upon another bench.
1888 S. O. Addy Gloss. Words Sheffield Lap, to polish steel on a wood or lead surface prepared with flint stone, thus giving it a beautiful opalescence.
1905 W. S. Leonard Machine-shop Tools (ed. 3) xxxi. 506 We sometimes lap a machine-shaft which is required to run at an extremely high speed... Other machine details may be lapped when an exceptionally high degree of refinement is required, but the process is more commonly applied to measuring-tools, such as the collar- and plug-gages, etc.
1928 E. Buckingham Spur Gears xii. 444 Hardened gears are sometimes run together under load with some form of abrasive introduced with the lubricant..to smooth the surfaces and correct some of the errors. This process, however, does more grinding or crushing of the abrasive than it does to polish or lap the gear-tooth profiles.
1958 Proc. IRE 46 1063/1 Wafers, of dimensions 1 × ½ inch, of this material are lapped to a thickness of 10 mils.
1973 Physics Bull. July 427/2 The techniques devised for lapping and polishing x ray reflectors have been modified to allow the same basic principles to be employed in lapping and polishing surfaces more complex than the plane, sphere or cylinder.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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