languen.

Brit.

/lɒŋ(ɡ)/,

/lɒ̃ɡ/,

/lɑːŋ(ɡ)/, U.S.

/lɑŋ(ɡ)/

Forms: Middle English lange, 1600s lang, 1700s– langue; also Scottish pre-1700 lang, pre-1700 lange.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French lange, langue.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman lange, langue and Middle French, French langue tongue (second half of the 10th cent. in Old French as lingua ), language (end of the 10th cent. in Old French), national division of the Order of the Hospitallers (1606), language viewed as an abstract system (F. de Saussure a1911: see note at parole n.²) < classical Latin lingua tongue, language (see lingua n.). Compare earlier language n., and see discussion at that entry.Not fully naturalized in English. For possible examples of a heraldic sense in Middle English see discussion at langued adj.

†1.

a. Manner or style of expression; = language n. 2a. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > [noun]

writingc1350

mannerc1375

pena1387

langue?a1400

indite1501

rate1517

conveyance?1521

composition1532

turn1533

set1535

tune1537

style1577

composure1601

way1612

language1699

rhetoricity1921

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. 125 And þerfore for þe comonalte þat blythely wild listen to me, on light lange I it began.

b. = language n. 1a. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > a language > [noun]

speechc888

rounOE

ledenc1000

tonguec1000

wordOE

moalc1175

speaka1300

languagec1300

land-speecha1325

talea1325

lip1382

stevenc1386

languea1425

leed1513

public language1521

idiom1575

idiotism1588

lingua1660

lingua franca1697

receptive language1926

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Gen. xi. 1 The lond was of o langage [v.r. lange].

c1660 R. Carpenter Pragmatical Jesuit Epil. 66 If your lang be scanty, Th' Italian Tongue welcoms you tuttie quanti.

1786 H. C. Albrecht Short Gram. German Tongue 101 The German langue uses Auxiliary Verbs to complete the defective Form of its Verbs.

1800 B. Thompson tr. A. von Kotzebue Lovers' Vows iv. 64 For five years I have taken all possible pains to forget my native langue.

2. A national division or branch of a military and religious order, as the Hospitallers, etc.; = language n. 3b.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > branch of army > [noun] > other branches

language1703

langue1799

guides1802

army intelligence1902

yak corps1904

A.E.F.1914

anti-aircraft1915

RAOC1918

society > faith > church government > monasticism > religious order > religio-military religious > Knights Templar > [noun] > branch of

language1703

langue1799

1799 Ld. Nelson in Dispatches & Lett. (1845) III. 313 If it is in my power, you shall be elected a Chevalier of the Order. I find the Russian Langue has the privilege of admitting married men.

1802 Naval Chron. 8 124 There shall be no English nor French Langues.

1888 Church Times 13 July 613 There is no reason why each nation or langue should not maintain at Rome a sort of embassy, with its chapel at St. Peter's.

1954 Mariner's Mirror 40 130 Three of the eight Langues, and six of the twenty-two priories into which the Order was divided and subdivided were French.

1990 Hist. Jrnl. 33 940 The convent of Malta had been astounded by this destruction of their English langue.

3. Linguistics. Language (or a language) viewed as an abstract system, accepted universally within a speech community, in contrast to the actual linguistic behaviour or performance of individuals. Opposed to parole n.² (see note at that entry).

ΚΠ

1917 Philos. Rev. 26 675 Saussure's doctrine..distinguishes speech (parole)..from language (langue).]

1924 L. Bloomfield in Mod. Lang. Jrnl. 8 318 This rigid system, the subject-matter of ‘descriptive linguistics’, as we should say, is la langue, the language.

1947 Word 3 16 Langue, tho described as a repository, is not to be thought of simply as a pile of words.

1965 N. Chomsky Aspects Theory Syntax i. 4 The distinction..is related to the langue-parole distinction of Saussure; but it is necessary to reject his concept of langue as merely a systematic inventory of items.

1968 Word 24 56 Accent, viewed dynamically, constitutes the parole which manifests the pattern or langue.

1996 Lit. & Ling. Computing 11 180/2 The target langue is stretched towards the langue of the original and its particular instantiation in Woolf's parole.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	langue
释义	languen. Brit. /lɒŋ(ɡ)/, /lɒ̃ɡ/, /lɑːŋ(ɡ)/, U.S. /lɑŋ(ɡ)/ Forms: Middle English lange, 1600s lang, 1700s– langue; also Scottish pre-1700 lang, pre-1700 lange. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French lange, langue. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman lange, langue and Middle French, French langue tongue (second half of the 10th cent. in Old French as lingua ), language (end of the 10th cent. in Old French), national division of the Order of the Hospitallers (1606), language viewed as an abstract system (F. de Saussure a1911: see note at parole n.²) < classical Latin lingua tongue, language (see lingua n.). Compare earlier language n., and see discussion at that entry.Not fully naturalized in English. For possible examples of a heraldic sense in Middle English see discussion at langued adj. †1. a. Manner or style of expression; = language n. 2a. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > [noun] writingc1350 mannerc1375 pena1387 langue?a1400 indite1501 rate1517 conveyance?1521 composition1532 turn1533 set1535 tune1537 style1577 composure1601 way1612 language1699 rhetoricity1921 ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. 125 And þerfore for þe comonalte þat blythely wild listen to me, on light lange I it began. b. = language n. 1a. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > a language > [noun] speechc888 rounOE ledenc1000 tonguec1000 wordOE moalc1175 speaka1300 languagec1300 land-speecha1325 talea1325 lip1382 stevenc1386 languea1425 leed1513 public language1521 idiom1575 idiotism1588 lingua1660 lingua franca1697 receptive language1926 a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Gen. xi. 1 The lond was of o langage [v.r. lange]. c1660 R. Carpenter Pragmatical Jesuit Epil. 66 If your lang be scanty, Th' Italian Tongue welcoms you tuttie quanti. 1786 H. C. Albrecht Short Gram. German Tongue 101 The German langue uses Auxiliary Verbs to complete the defective Form of its Verbs. 1800 B. Thompson tr. A. von Kotzebue Lovers' Vows iv. 64 For five years I have taken all possible pains to forget my native langue. 2. A national division or branch of a military and religious order, as the Hospitallers, etc.; = language n. 3b. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > branch of army > [noun] > other branches language1703 langue1799 guides1802 army intelligence1902 yak corps1904 A.E.F.1914 anti-aircraft1915 RAOC1918 society > faith > church government > monasticism > religious order > religio-military religious > Knights Templar > [noun] > branch of language1703 langue1799 1799 Ld. Nelson in Dispatches & Lett. (1845) III. 313 If it is in my power, you shall be elected a Chevalier of the Order. I find the Russian Langue has the privilege of admitting married men. 1802 Naval Chron. 8 124 There shall be no English nor French Langues. 1888 Church Times 13 July 613 There is no reason why each nation or langue should not maintain at Rome a sort of embassy, with its chapel at St. Peter's. 1954 Mariner's Mirror 40 130 Three of the eight Langues, and six of the twenty-two priories into which the Order was divided and subdivided were French. 1990 Hist. Jrnl. 33 940 The convent of Malta had been astounded by this destruction of their English langue. 3. Linguistics. Language (or a language) viewed as an abstract system, accepted universally within a speech community, in contrast to the actual linguistic behaviour or performance of individuals. Opposed to parole n.² (see note at that entry). ΚΠ 1917 Philos. Rev. 26 675 Saussure's doctrine..distinguishes speech (parole)..from language (langue).] 1924 L. Bloomfield in Mod. Lang. Jrnl. 8 318 This rigid system, the subject-matter of ‘descriptive linguistics’, as we should say, is la langue, the language. 1947 Word 3 16 Langue, tho described as a repository, is not to be thought of simply as a pile of words. 1965 N. Chomsky Aspects Theory Syntax i. 4 The distinction..is related to the langue-parole distinction of Saussure; but it is necessary to reject his concept of langue as merely a systematic inventory of items. 1968 Word 24 56 Accent, viewed dynamically, constitutes the parole which manifests the pattern or langue. 1996 Lit. & Ling. Computing 11 180/2 The target langue is stretched towards the langue of the original and its particular instantiation in Woolf's parole. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?a1400
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