latencyn.

Brit.

/ˈleɪt(ə)nsi/, U.S.

/ˈleɪtnsi/

Forms: 1500s– latency, 1600s latencie, 1800s latentcy.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: latent adj., -ency suffix.

Etymology: < latent adj.: see -ency suffix. Compare post-classical Latin latentia concealment (13th cent. in British sources). Compare latence n.

a. The condition or quality of being latent; concealed condition, nature, or existence.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > [noun] > concealed condition

hiding?c1225

concealment1608

latency1615

delitescence1632

concealedness1635

latentness1660

abscondment1694

delitescencya1697

occultation1758

latence1794

caving1867

1615 T. Worthington Whyte dyed Black 55 She [sc. the Catholic Church] is that Soon which (contrary to our inuisibilistes) for these sixteene hundreth yeres, did neuer once set vnder the horizon of an vniuersall latency.

a1638 J. Mede Wks. (1672) v. 921 By the Woman in the Wilderness, I understand the condition of the true Church in respect of her Latency and Invisibility to the eyes of man.

1795 W. Paley View Evidences Christianity (ed. 3) II. ii. vii. 195 Which undesignedness is gathered from their latency, their minuteness, their obliquity [etc.].

1817 T. Chalmers Series Disc. Christian Revel. iv. 130 Beneath the surface of all that the eye can rest upon, there lies the profoundness of a most unsearchable latency.

1894 Proc. Soc. Psychical Res. 1893–4 9 15 We add the higher artistic and moral faculties—drawing these from their latency in the depths of our subliminal being.

1907 E. Montgomery Philos. Probl. Light Vital Organization ii. ii. 198 The perceiver and thinker himself is hidden in extra-conscious latency.

1982 R. Hinde Ethology (1986) ii. §iv. 50 Any particular type of behaviour can be measured in many different ways—its latency, frequency, and duration for example.

2004 S. Rinofner-Kreidl in D. Zahavi Hidden Resources 102 The latency of neural processes..cannot be conceived of as a structure of experience.

b. Medicine. Latent condition of a disease, disorder, infection, or infectious agent (see latent adj. 4). Also: = latent period n. (a) at latent adj. and n. Compounds. Frequently attributive (cf. latency period n. (a) at Compounds).In quot. 1883 figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > development, growth, or degeneration > [noun] > latency of features, abilities, etc.

latency1661

1661 T. Whitaker Elenchus of Opinions Cure of Small Pox 95 This is the reason of the latency of this disease so long time invisible.

1708 J. Marten Treat. Venereal Dis. (ed. 6) Index sig. Gg5^v The Latency of the Venereal Infection demonstrated by a particular Case.

1834 Brit. & Foreign Med. Rev. 4 316 That [sc. typhoid pneumonia] complicated with typhus fever is remarkable for its latency. There may be no general symptoms of its presence.

1883 Times 28 May 5 Every great scientific generalisation, as, indeed, every great reformation in other departments of human activity, is preceded by a period of latency, to use a medical term.

1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 173 The extreme latency of the tubercle bacillus postulated by some writers.

1934 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 27 Oct. 778/1 It is difficult to explain the sudden onset of symptoms after years of latency and the varying course adopted subsequently.

1976 Jrnl. Theoret. Biol. 62 287 ‘Latency’ and ‘masking’ are common enough phenomena among formally non-oncogenic viruses.

2003 L. Moss What Genes can't Do iv. 131 The experience of latency in X-ray induced cancer..led to a ‘multi-hit’ theory of cancer causation.

c. Psychoanalysis. Repression or sublimation of sexual feelings, spec. as occurring in children between the age of five and puberty; the period during which this occurs. Frequently attributive (cf. latency period n. (b) at Compounds).

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > person > child > [noun] > childhood

childhoodOE

childheadc1330

bairnheid1393

enfauncec1400

puerice1481

puerility1512

childage1548

childishness1597

leading-string1677

impuberty1785

cap and feather days1822

bairnhooda1835

child-life1841

pupillarity1846

tunic-hood1859

bread-and-butterhood1869

preadolescence1907

latency1910

puerilism1925

1910 A. A. Brill tr. S. Freud Three Contrib. to Sexual Theory ii. 38 It is during this period of total or at least partial latency [Ger. Latenz] that the psychic forces develop which later act as inhibitions on the sexual life.

1913 E. Jones Papers on Psycho-anal. ii. 26 A period of latency follows, usually from the fifth to the tenth years, when the process of sublimation is at its highest activity.

1952 S. R. Slavson Child Psychotherapy i. 29 Group association, first spontaneous and informal, later formal and organized, is a major need during latency, puberty, and adolescence.

1960 Encounter Jan. 81/1 These beliefs and customs are passed on entirely within the latency world without any intervention of adults.

2002 F. J. Bruno Psychology xi. 158 The latency stage lasts for about six years.

a. Physiology and Psychology. The interval between the reception of a stimulus and the response to that stimulus, esp. in muscle; an instance of this; = latent period n. (b) at latent adj. and n. Compounds. Frequently attributive (cf. latency period n. (a) at Compounds).

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > delay or postponement > [noun] > time lag

latency1865

time lag1886

time delay1900

lag1902

lag time1956

1865 Jrnl. Mental Sci. 10 398 This interval of the latency of stimulus might be partly or entirely owing to a delay in the propagation of the impulse from the muscle.

1882 Proc. Royal Soc. 1881–2 33 463 If, after a muscle has been powerfully extended, and while it is returning, by reason of its elasticity, towards its normal condition, a stimulation be applied, the latency may become as short as the 1/200–1/400 second.

1932 Jrnl. Physiol. 74 17 The general interest in the problem of latency increased when it was found, that while recording the action current of the muscle the latent period was absent, or seemed to be absent.

1951 H. Davson Textbk. Gen. Physiol. xvii. 483 The latency, as ordinarily recorded, is thus of the order of 3·5 msec. at 23°C.

1963 Jrnl. Pediatrics 62 724 Cry latency is defined as the time which elapses between the moment of painful stimulation and the onset of crying.

2006 G. Buzsáki Rhythms of Brain ii. 32 The latency of the acoustic startle reflex in the rat is a mere 8 milliseconds, measured from tone onset to the beginning of the electromyographic response in the hind leg.

b. Computing. The delay before a transfer of data begins following an instruction for its transfer, esp. to or from a rotating storage device. Now esp.: time taken for a packet to travel over a network from sender to receiver. More fully latency time.

ΘΚΠ

society > computing and information technology > hardware > secondary storage > [noun] > time taken to transfer data

latency1947

1947 J. P. Eckert in Theory & Techniques for Design of Electronic Digital Computers I. x. 17 The average time required to obtain a number, that is the latency time, will be equal to the time required for one half a revolution of the drum.

1948 Radio News June 19/3 There will be an average waiting or latency time of half the total circulation time.

1961 P. Siegel Understanding Digital Computers xii. 258 The access time consists of the latency time plus the transfer time. The latency represents the amount of time it takes to find the chosen address.

1970 O. Dopping Computers & Data Processing x. 145 If the drum makes 3,000 revolutions per minute, each revolution takes 20 milliseconds, and the average latency time becomes 10 milliseconds.

1980 Computerworld 16 June 4/1 A reported average access time including latency of 33 msec.

1993 Network World 1 Nov. 4/3 The shorter the latency, the better the performance since the device then runs a smaller risk of dropping packets.

2013 I. Grigorik High Performance Browser Networking i. 8 It is often the last few miles, not the crossing of oceans or continents, where significant latency is introduced.

2013 googleresearch.blogspot (Nexis) 13 Nov. Solid state drives (SSD), in comparison, have..latencies typically 100 times less than HDD [= hard disk drives].

Compounds

latency period n. (a) Medicine and Physiology = latent period n. at latent adj. and n. Compounds; (b) Psychoanalysis = sense 1c.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > [noun] > stage of disease > before manifestation of symptoms

latent period1793

latency period1877

1877 Vet. Jrnl. & Ann. Compar. Pathol. 5 289 Two instances of this unusual incubative or latency period have been quite recently recorded.

1888 Amer. Jrnl. Psychol. 2 186 He bases his statement chiefly on the fact that the latency period for both contraction and dilation [of the iris] is the same.

1910 A. A. Brill tr. S. Freud Three Contrib. to Sexual Theory ii. 39 Sexual activity remains throughout the whole duration of the latency period until the reinforced breaking through of the sexual impulse in puberty.

1951 H. Davson Textbk. Gen. Physiol. xvii. 483 If, however, we take as a measure of the mechanical latent period the time between the stimulus and the moment when the tension [in the muscle] begins to rise from its minimum value, the period is 3·0 msec.

1967 B. Russell Autobiogr. I. ii. 38 I remember a very definite change when I reached what in modern child psychology is called the ‘latency period’.

1999 New Yorker 18 Oct. 198/3 Researchers of middle childhood—the preferred term of what Freud called the latency period, the elementary school years—describe a culture of ‘niceness’ into which upper-middle-class girls are typically inducted.

2003 L. Moss What Genes can't Do iv. 132 Rous distinguished between initation, which was a necessary but not sufficient precondition for carcinogenesis, and promotion, which, given an initiated state, could end the latency period, resulting in the beginning of phenotypic transformation and finally the progressive malignant transformation of the cancerous tissue.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	latency
释义	latencyn. Brit. /ˈleɪt(ə)nsi/, U.S. /ˈleɪtnsi/ Forms: 1500s– latency, 1600s latencie, 1800s latentcy. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: latent adj., -ency suffix. Etymology: < latent adj.: see -ency suffix. Compare post-classical Latin latentia concealment (13th cent. in British sources). Compare latence n. 1. a. The condition or quality of being latent; concealed condition, nature, or existence. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > [noun] > concealed condition hiding?c1225 concealment1608 latency1615 delitescence1632 concealedness1635 latentness1660 abscondment1694 delitescencya1697 occultation1758 latence1794 caving1867 1615 T. Worthington Whyte dyed Black 55 She [sc. the Catholic Church] is that Soon which (contrary to our inuisibilistes) for these sixteene hundreth yeres, did neuer once set vnder the horizon of an vniuersall latency. a1638 J. Mede Wks. (1672) v. 921 By the Woman in the Wilderness, I understand the condition of the true Church in respect of her Latency and Invisibility to the eyes of man. 1795 W. Paley View Evidences Christianity (ed. 3) II. ii. vii. 195 Which undesignedness is gathered from their latency, their minuteness, their obliquity [etc.]. 1817 T. Chalmers Series Disc. Christian Revel. iv. 130 Beneath the surface of all that the eye can rest upon, there lies the profoundness of a most unsearchable latency. 1894 Proc. Soc. Psychical Res. 1893–4 9 15 We add the higher artistic and moral faculties—drawing these from their latency in the depths of our subliminal being. 1907 E. Montgomery Philos. Probl. Light Vital Organization ii. ii. 198 The perceiver and thinker himself is hidden in extra-conscious latency. 1982 R. Hinde Ethology (1986) ii. §iv. 50 Any particular type of behaviour can be measured in many different ways—its latency, frequency, and duration for example. 2004 S. Rinofner-Kreidl in D. Zahavi Hidden Resources 102 The latency of neural processes..cannot be conceived of as a structure of experience. b. Medicine. Latent condition of a disease, disorder, infection, or infectious agent (see latent adj. 4). Also: = latent period n. (a) at latent adj. and n. Compounds. Frequently attributive (cf. latency period n. (a) at Compounds).In quot. 1883 figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > development, growth, or degeneration > [noun] > latency of features, abilities, etc. latency1661 1661 T. Whitaker Elenchus of Opinions Cure of Small Pox 95 This is the reason of the latency of this disease so long time invisible. 1708 J. Marten Treat. Venereal Dis. (ed. 6) Index sig. Gg5^v The Latency of the Venereal Infection demonstrated by a particular Case. 1834 Brit. & Foreign Med. Rev. 4 316 That [sc. typhoid pneumonia] complicated with typhus fever is remarkable for its latency. There may be no general symptoms of its presence. 1883 Times 28 May 5 Every great scientific generalisation, as, indeed, every great reformation in other departments of human activity, is preceded by a period of latency, to use a medical term. 1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 173 The extreme latency of the tubercle bacillus postulated by some writers. 1934 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 27 Oct. 778/1 It is difficult to explain the sudden onset of symptoms after years of latency and the varying course adopted subsequently. 1976 Jrnl. Theoret. Biol. 62 287 ‘Latency’ and ‘masking’ are common enough phenomena among formally non-oncogenic viruses. 2003 L. Moss What Genes can't Do iv. 131 The experience of latency in X-ray induced cancer..led to a ‘multi-hit’ theory of cancer causation. c. Psychoanalysis. Repression or sublimation of sexual feelings, spec. as occurring in children between the age of five and puberty; the period during which this occurs. Frequently attributive (cf. latency period n. (b) at Compounds). ΘΚΠ the world > people > person > child > [noun] > childhood childhoodOE childheadc1330 bairnheid1393 enfauncec1400 puerice1481 puerility1512 childage1548 childishness1597 leading-string1677 impuberty1785 cap and feather days1822 bairnhooda1835 child-life1841 pupillarity1846 tunic-hood1859 bread-and-butterhood1869 preadolescence1907 latency1910 puerilism1925 1910 A. A. Brill tr. S. Freud Three Contrib. to Sexual Theory ii. 38 It is during this period of total or at least partial latency [Ger. Latenz] that the psychic forces develop which later act as inhibitions on the sexual life. 1913 E. Jones Papers on Psycho-anal. ii. 26 A period of latency follows, usually from the fifth to the tenth years, when the process of sublimation is at its highest activity. 1952 S. R. Slavson Child Psychotherapy i. 29 Group association, first spontaneous and informal, later formal and organized, is a major need during latency, puberty, and adolescence. 1960 Encounter Jan. 81/1 These beliefs and customs are passed on entirely within the latency world without any intervention of adults. 2002 F. J. Bruno Psychology xi. 158 The latency stage lasts for about six years. 2. a. Physiology and Psychology. The interval between the reception of a stimulus and the response to that stimulus, esp. in muscle; an instance of this; = latent period n. (b) at latent adj. and n. Compounds. Frequently attributive (cf. latency period n. (a) at Compounds). ΘΚΠ the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > delay or postponement > [noun] > time lag latency1865 time lag1886 time delay1900 lag1902 lag time1956 1865 Jrnl. Mental Sci. 10 398 This interval of the latency of stimulus might be partly or entirely owing to a delay in the propagation of the impulse from the muscle. 1882 Proc. Royal Soc. 1881–2 33 463 If, after a muscle has been powerfully extended, and while it is returning, by reason of its elasticity, towards its normal condition, a stimulation be applied, the latency may become as short as the 1/200–1/400 second. 1932 Jrnl. Physiol. 74 17 The general interest in the problem of latency increased when it was found, that while recording the action current of the muscle the latent period was absent, or seemed to be absent. 1951 H. Davson Textbk. Gen. Physiol. xvii. 483 The latency, as ordinarily recorded, is thus of the order of 3·5 msec. at 23°C. 1963 Jrnl. Pediatrics 62 724 Cry latency is defined as the time which elapses between the moment of painful stimulation and the onset of crying. 2006 G. Buzsáki Rhythms of Brain ii. 32 The latency of the acoustic startle reflex in the rat is a mere 8 milliseconds, measured from tone onset to the beginning of the electromyographic response in the hind leg. b. Computing. The delay before a transfer of data begins following an instruction for its transfer, esp. to or from a rotating storage device. Now esp.: time taken for a packet to travel over a network from sender to receiver. More fully latency time. ΘΚΠ society > computing and information technology > hardware > secondary storage > [noun] > time taken to transfer data latency1947 1947 J. P. Eckert in Theory & Techniques for Design of Electronic Digital Computers I. x. 17 The average time required to obtain a number, that is the latency time, will be equal to the time required for one half a revolution of the drum. 1948 Radio News June 19/3 There will be an average waiting or latency time of half the total circulation time. 1961 P. Siegel Understanding Digital Computers xii. 258 The access time consists of the latency time plus the transfer time. The latency represents the amount of time it takes to find the chosen address. 1970 O. Dopping Computers & Data Processing x. 145 If the drum makes 3,000 revolutions per minute, each revolution takes 20 milliseconds, and the average latency time becomes 10 milliseconds. 1980 Computerworld 16 June 4/1 A reported average access time including latency of 33 msec. 1993 Network World 1 Nov. 4/3 The shorter the latency, the better the performance since the device then runs a smaller risk of dropping packets. 2013 I. Grigorik High Performance Browser Networking i. 8 It is often the last few miles, not the crossing of oceans or continents, where significant latency is introduced. 2013 googleresearch.blogspot (Nexis) 13 Nov. Solid state drives (SSD), in comparison, have..latencies typically 100 times less than HDD [= hard disk drives]. Compounds latency period n. (a) Medicine and Physiology = latent period n. at latent adj. and n. Compounds; (b) Psychoanalysis = sense 1c. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > [noun] > stage of disease > before manifestation of symptoms latent period1793 latency period1877 1877 Vet. Jrnl. & Ann. Compar. Pathol. 5 289 Two instances of this unusual incubative or latency period have been quite recently recorded. 1888 Amer. Jrnl. Psychol. 2 186 He bases his statement chiefly on the fact that the latency period for both contraction and dilation [of the iris] is the same. 1910 A. A. Brill tr. S. Freud Three Contrib. to Sexual Theory ii. 39 Sexual activity remains throughout the whole duration of the latency period until the reinforced breaking through of the sexual impulse in puberty. 1951 H. Davson Textbk. Gen. Physiol. xvii. 483 If, however, we take as a measure of the mechanical latent period the time between the stimulus and the moment when the tension [in the muscle] begins to rise from its minimum value, the period is 3·0 msec. 1967 B. Russell Autobiogr. I. ii. 38 I remember a very definite change when I reached what in modern child psychology is called the ‘latency period’. 1999 New Yorker 18 Oct. 198/3 Researchers of middle childhood—the preferred term of what Freud called the latency period, the elementary school years—describe a culture of ‘niceness’ into which upper-middle-class girls are typically inducted. 2003 L. Moss What Genes can't Do iv. 132 Rous distinguished between initation, which was a necessary but not sufficient precondition for carcinogenesis, and promotion, which, given an initiated state, could end the latency period, resulting in the beginning of phenotypic transformation and finally the progressive malignant transformation of the cancerous tissue. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1615
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