leachn.¹

Brit.

/liːtʃ/, U.S.

/litʃ/

Forms: α. Middle English–1500s leche, Middle English–1600s leech(e, 1500s leache, 1500s– leach. β. Middle English lese, lesse, lees(s(e, leshe, lesk, 1500s less.

Etymology: < Old French lesche (French lèche).

Obsolete exc. archaic.

†1. A slice (of meat, etc.); a strip. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > amounts of food > [noun] > slice or piece of foodstuff

leachc1440

rasher1634

the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a piece or bit > a piece cut off > a slice

cantlec1400

leachc1440

slicea1475

tailye?a1500

tranchec1500

trench1558

slive1577

collop1579

gigot?1611

slivinga1825

α.

c1440 Anc. Cookery in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 435 Cut smal leches of two ynches of length.

a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 45 Thre leches of bacun lay þou mot In brothe.

c1500 Ffor to serve a Lord in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 374 Take of ij leches of the briste, and cowche legge and whyngge and lechis into a faire voyde plater.

β. c1460 J. Russell Bk. Nurture 610 Put it in a dische leese by lees.?a1475 Noble Bk. Cookry in Middle Eng. Dict. at Clod Alander de beeff..tak the clodde of beef and make lesks of a span longe.

2. A dish consisting of sliced meat, eggs, fruits, and spices in jelly or some other coagulating material. Often in adoptions of Anglo-Norman combinations, denoting particular varieties, e.g. leche frye [compare Old French lechefroie, modern French lèchefrite, dripping-pan] , damask leach, dugard leach, lumbard leach, purple leach, royal leach, etc. dry leach: a sort of cake or gingerbread, containing dates, etc.white leach: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > food by way of preparation > [noun] > dish in jelly

leach?c1390

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake > gingerbread

gingerbreada1450

dry leach1570

pepper-gingerbread1598

pepper bread1611

gingerbread nut1734

ginger cake1758

ginger nut1786

parkin1800

parliament gingerbread1809

parliament1812

parliament cake1818

parley1825

spice-nut1829

Pfefferkuchen1856

Hoosier cake1859

α.

?c1390 Forme of Cury 36 Leche Lumbard. Take rawe Pork [etc.].

c1440 Anc. Cookery in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 449 And therwith daryolus, and leche~fryes, made of frit and friture.

c1460 J. Russell Bk. Nurture 516 Cow heelis and Calves fete ar dere y-bouȝt some tide To medille amonge leeches & Ielies.

c1460 J. Russell Bk. Nurture 708 Quynces bake leche dugard.

?a1500 in F. J. Furnivall Queene Elizabethes Achademy (1869) i. 92 Leche maskelyn... Leche rubby.

?a1500 in F. J. Furnivall Queene Elizabethes Achademy (1869) i. 91 Leche damasque.

?a1500 in F. J. Furnivall Queene Elizabethes Achademy (1869) i. 90 Leche ffloree...leche dalmayn.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. clxxxi^v Leche Damask w^t the kynges worde or Prouerbe Flourysshed.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 238/1 Leche made of flesshe, gelee.

1570 in J. Gutch Collectanea Curiosa (1781) II. 8 For vj lb. of almones to him, for drie leche.

?1600 H. Plat Delightes for Ladies sig. B11 This is your Gingerbreade vsed at the Court... It is otherwise called drie Leach.

1615 G. Markham Eng. House-wife (1668) ii. ii. 96 To make the best Leech take Ising-glass..then take Almonds.

1848 W. H. Ainsworth Lancashire Witches i. ix I pray you taste this pippin jelly..or some leach of almonds.

β. c1450 Two Cookery-bks. 75 Lese fryes.1452 in A. Wood Hist. & Antiq. Univ. Oxf. (1792) I. 599 Leshe damask.c1460 J. Russell Bk. Nurture 504 Alle maner of leessez ye may forbere.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

leachn.²

Brit.

/liːtʃ/, U.S.

/litʃ/

Forms: Also 1600s lech, 1600s–1800s letch, 1800s leech.

Etymology: apparently < leach v.² (though recorded much earlier than the verb in the cognate sense); in senses 1 – 3 probably short for attributive combinations (letch n.¹, ditch or pool, is etymologically identical.)

1. A perforated vessel or trough used for making lye from wood ashes by pouring water over them. Obsolete exc. dialect.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > vessels for other specific purposes > [noun] > for making lye

leach1673

1673 J. Ray Observ. Journey Low-countries (1738) I. 172 This powder they mingle with a little slaked lime..which they put into letches or troughs, and pouring water upon them make the lixivium.

1691 J. Ray S. & E. Country Words in Coll. Eng. Words (ed. 2) 104 A Letch, or Lech.

a1855 W. T. Spurdens Forby's Vocab. E. Anglia (1858) III. 28 Leach, a domestic utensil for making ley from wood-ashes; a perforated tub.

1894 Harper's Mag. Apr. 810 Her elbow struck the leach and knocked it into the soap-kettle.

2. Tanning. (See quot. 1886.)

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with skins > [noun] > converting to leather

tawing1408

barkingc1440

tewc1440

tanneryc1460

tanning1481

tannage1662

bark-tanning1707

leach1779

sumaching1792

chrome-tanning1882

stocking1883

sumac tanning1932

1779 Philos. Trans. 1778 68 114 The ooze is made by macerating the bark in common water, in a particular set of holes or pits, which..are termed letches.

1852 C. Morfit Art of Tanning, Currying, & Leather-dressing (1853) 22 The application of heat to bark in leaches.

1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1268/1 In the bark-leach, the bark is contained between two perforated horizontal partitions in the leach.

1886 W. A. Harris Techn. Dict. Fire Insurance Leaches, in tanneries, are the pits in which the tan-liquors are mixed, as distinguished from the tan-pits, in which the hides are steeped.

3. Salt-making. (See quot. 1886.)

ΚΠ

1886 R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester Leach, salt-making term; the brine (fully saturated) which drains from the salt, or is left in the pan when the salt is drawn out. Formerly called ‘leach~brine’.

a. The action of ‘leaching’.

b. (See quot. 1828-32)

ΚΠ

1828–32 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Leach, a quantity of wood-ashes, through which water passes, and thus imbibes the alkali.

Compounds

† leach-brine n. Obsolete = sense 3.

ΚΠ

1669 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 4 1065 Leach-brine, which is such Brine, as runs from their salt, when 'tis taken up before it hardens.

c1682 J. Collins Salt & Fishery 56 Cheshire Salt-Workers call the Liquor that drops from their Salt, being put into Wicker-baskets, Leach Brine.

leach-hole n. (see quot. and cf. leach v.² 4).

ΚΠ

1854 H. D. Thoreau Walden xvi. 313 A ‘leach hole’, through which the pond leaked out.

leach-tank n. a tank for leaching metallic ores.

ΚΠ

1877 R. W. Raymond Statistics Mines & Mining 403 From this line of wooden tubing the bath is to be conducted to each leach-tank by an India-rubber tube.

† leach-trough n. Obsolete (see quot.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > salt manufacture > [noun] > equipment

pail1481

walling-lead1611

walma1661

Neptune1662

loot1669

ship1669

clearerc1682

cribc1682

barrow1686

hovel1686

leach-trough1686

salt-pan1708

sun pond1708

sun pan1724

scrape-pan1746

taplin1748

drab1753

room1809

thorn house1853

thorn-wall1853

fore-heater1880

pike1884

trunk1885

1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. ii. 94 Through these being set in the Leach-troughs, the salt drains it self dry in 3 hours time.

leach-tub n.

ΚΠ

1845 S. Judd Margaret i. iii. 12 Here were a draw shave..frows, sap buckets, a leach tub.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

leachv.¹

Brit.

/liːtʃ/, U.S.

/litʃ/

Forms: α. Middle English leche, Middle English lecche, leeche, leyche, 1600s– leach. β. Middle English lese, lessh, 1500s les(c)he.

Etymology: < leach n.¹

Obsolete exc. archaic.

transitive. To cut (meat, etc.) in slices; to slice.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > general preparation processes > perform general preparation processes [verb (transitive)] > slice

leach?a1400

border1508

shive1570

whang1764

α.

?a1400 Morte Arth. 188 Seyne bowes of wylde bores with þe braune lechyde, Bernakes and botures in baterde dysches.

c1430 Two Cookery-bks. 35 Take gratyd Brede, & make it so chargeaunt þat it wol be y-lechyd.

c1450 Two Cookery-bks. 71 Leche hit [brawn] faire, but not to thyn.

a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 37 Whenne hit is soþun, þou schalt hit leche.

1486 Bk. St. Albans F vij b Brawne leechyd.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 78 Terms for Carving..Leach that Brawn.

1864 W. H. Ainsworth Tower of London 412 In the old terms of his art, he leached the brawn.

β. c1440 Douce MS 55 lf. 29 Mold it all to gedrys with thyn honde till it be so stiffe that it will be lesshed.?a1475 Noble Bk. Cookry (1882) 27 Then leshe it in dyshes.1508 Bk. Keruynge (de Worde) sig. A^v Lesche y^t brawne.

Derivatives

† leached adj. Obsolete sliced, fried in slices.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > general preparation processes > [adjective] > sliced

leached1461

sliced1589

1461–83 in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 38 At supper leychid beefe & mutton roste.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

leachv.²

Brit.

/liːtʃ/, U.S.

/litʃ/

Forms: Also leech, latch, letch.

Etymology: Probably representing Old English lęccan to water (translating Latin rigare ) < West Germanic type *lakkjan < *lakjan , < *lak- : see lake n.³ There appears to be no trace of the verb between Old English and the examples of the technological use in the 18th cent., except the doubtful instance in Shakespeare and one other (see 1, 2 below). The form letch is normal; the variant leach is phonologically obscure.

†1. transitive. To water, wet. Obsolete. rare.In the Shakespeare quot. the verb may possibly belong to latch v.³, in the transferred sense ‘to fasten’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > preparation of land or soil > irrigation > irrigate [verb (transitive)]

leachc888

water1538

irrigate1623

irriguate1632

float1649

trickle-irrigate1971

c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxxix. §13 (Sedgefield) 136/17 Hæglas & snawas & se oftræda ren leccað þa eorðan on wintra.

1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iii. ii. 36 But hast thou yet latcht [Q2, F1 lacht] the Athenians eyes, With the loue iuice, as I did bid thee doe?

†2. intransitive. To soften, melt. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > become soft [verb (intransitive)] > by melting as wax

leach1620

1620 H. Greenwood Jaylers Jayl-deliv. 7 Merchants waxe must leach in a candle, before it can take a stampe or impression.

a. transitive. To cause (a liquid) to percolate through some material.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > percolation > cause to percolate [verb (transitive)]

filter1582

percolate1626

leach1796

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > filtering or percolating > filter [verb (transitive)] > cause to percolate

filter1582

percolate1626

filtrate1682

leach1796

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement over, across, through, or past > [verb (transitive)] > through > pass through the pores of > cause to

percolatea1676

leach1796

transpire1864

1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 439 Cider..is first separated from the filth and dregs, either by leaching through sand, or straining it through flannel cloths.

1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Leach, to wash, as ashes, by percolation, or causing water to pass through them, and thus to separate from them the alkali. The water thus charged with alkali is called lye.

b. To subject (bark, ores, etc.) to the action of percolating water, etc., with the view of removing the soluble constituents; to lixiviate. Also used with reference to the action of water, esp. rain, on soil; also absol.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > subject to chemical reactions or processes [verb (transitive)] > subject to named chemical reaction or process > subject to lixiviation

mash1605

lixiviate1662

leach1839

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > treatment with water or liquid > treat with water or liquid [verb (transitive)]

lote1547

leach1877

1839 J. Buel Farmer's Compan. ix. 74 The wind and the sun dissipate its virtues, and rains leach it and waste its fertilizing powers.

1877 R. W. Raymond Statistics Mines & Mining 403 Concentrated liquid obtained by leaching the ores in this process, at Widnes, in England.

1882 J. Paton in Encycl. Brit. XIV. 382/2 The tanning materials so prepared are next leached, latched, or infused for preparing the strongest tanning solutions.

1882 Rep. Precious Metals (U.S. Bureau of Mint) 112 Chlorination works are needed for leaching the sulphurets.

1885 Harper's Mag. Jan. 276/1 Most tanners..grind [bark] in a bark-mill, ‘leaching’ the bark to obtain the liquor.

1917 Mining Mag. 17 75/2 The rocks..are altered and leached of iron.

1951 W. P. Kelley Alkali Soils vii. 146 It should not be inferred that..all the farmer needs to do in order to reclaim any alkali soil is to drain and leach with water.

1954 W. D. Thornbury Princ. Geomorphol. xvi. 420 Kansan and Nebraskan tills are leached to much greater depths.

1971 D. Hillel Soil & Water v. 124 They suggested that leaching soils at a water content below saturation (e.g., under sprinkling irrigation or rainfall or under intermittent irrigation) could produce more efficient leaching and thereby reduce the amount of water required.

c. intransitive. To pass through by percolation (Webster, 1864); to percolate through and pass out. Also intransitive for reflexive. Of ashes: To be subject to the action of percolating water.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > percolation > pass through by percolation [verb (intransitive)]

oozea1398

soakc1440

filter1576

percolate1684

infiltrate1828

leach1883

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement over, across, through, or past > [verb (intransitive)] > through > through a porous medium

sipec1000

oozea1398

soakc1440

filter1576

strain1590

transude1664

percolate1684

transudate1684

filtrate1686

seep1790

leach1883

1883 E. C. Rollins New Eng. Bygones (new ed.) 68 The ashes of those ancient wood-fires..went to leach in the spring for the making of family soap.

1931 Forestry 5 143 In order to avoid any possible effect of some of the preservative leaching out into the medium, some workers raise the blocks above the surface of the medium.

1961 J. N. Anderson Appl. Dental Materials (ed. 2) xxiii. 240 Dentures should be kept in water after curing in order to allow as much residual monomer as possible to leach out.

1968 Listener 21 Mar. 376/2 Cacodylic acid is alleged to disappear very quickly, to leech down through the soil.

1974 A. J. Huxley Plant & Planet xviii. 198 Many [viruses] make use of materials which leach through the [leaf] skin.

4. transitive. To take away, out, by percolation. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

reduce?a1425

weaken1540

projecta1550

brown1570

spiritualize1593

colliquate1603

redisperse1621

imbibe1626

educe1651

to cant off1658

part1663

regalize1664

dint1669

roche1679

subtilizea1722

neutralize1744

develop1756

evolve1772

extricate1790

separate1805

unburn1815

leach1860

methylate1864

nitrate1872

nitre1880

sweeten1885

deflocculate1909

hybridize1959

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > filtering or percolating > filter [verb (transitive)] > remove or obtain by filtering

filter1576

leach1860

1860 M. F. Maury Physical Geogr. Sea (ed. 8) i. 16 The tides..leached out of the disintegrated materials..every soluble ingredient known in nature.

1877 N. S. Shaler App. to J. A. Allen's Amer. Bison 458 Whenever the rocks lie above the line of the drainage, these salts have been leached away.

1884 Engineer 12 Sept. After leaching out the chloride, the tails may be treated.

1900 Nature 19 July 277/2 A moist climate would tend to leach the calcareous matter from the rock.

1964 Listener 13 Aug. 225/2 It [sc. a modern office block] has neither virtues nor vices; it just sits there like a graceless woman, leeching away a bit more of the city's vitality.

1971 Nature 13 Aug. 446/3 Insecticides are leached from soil by water.

1973 Nature 20 July 165/1 Particulate material was collected on fibreglass filters from which lead was leached with hot 70% nitric acid.

Derivatives

leached adj. (a) that has been subjected to the action of percolating liquid; (b) (also leached-out) that has been removed by percolating liquid.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > percolation > [adjective] > that has been subjected to percolation

leached1837

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > filtering or percolating > [adjective] > filtered or percolated

filtered?1600

filtrated1663

percolated1672

leached1837

the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > percolation > [adjective] > that has been removed by percolation

leached-out1963

1837 Cultivator Aug. 93/2 (heading) Leached ashes as manure.

1837 Cultivator Aug. 93/2 Leached or drawn ashes possess a highly beneficial effect, particularly when applied to lands deficient in calcareous matters.

1840 J. Buel Farmer's Compan. 74 Leached ashes are in many cases beneficial, particularly within the influence of the marine atmosphere.

1862 G. P. Marsh Lect. Eng. Lang. (new ed.) 40 A melancholy heap of leached ashes, marrowless bones, and empty oyster-shells.

1895 Offic. Mining Rep. N. Zealand 10 Separating the cyanide solutions from the leached pulp.

1926 A. Locke (title) Leached outcrops as guides to copper ore.

1961 Listener 12 Oct. 559/1 So white are some leached layers [in a podsol] that they have entered archaeological literature as ‘layers of ash’.

1963 D. W. Humphries & E. E. Humphries tr. H. Termier & G. Termier Erosion & Sedimentation vi. 139 The lowest part is a zone of enrichment to which the leached-out soluble salts from the upper part of the soil are carried.

1972 J. G. Cruickshank Soil Geogr. ii. 69 Part of the leached compounds are deposited in the lower zone of the soil, but some will be lost from the system through soil drainage and seepage.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹?c1390

n.²1669

v.¹?a1400

v.²c888

单词	leach
释义	leachn.¹ Brit. /liːtʃ/, U.S. /litʃ/ Forms: α. Middle English–1500s leche, Middle English–1600s leech(e, 1500s leache, 1500s– leach. β. Middle English lese, lesse, lees(s(e, leshe, lesk, 1500s less. Etymology: < Old French lesche (French lèche). Obsolete exc. archaic. †1. A slice (of meat, etc.); a strip. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > amounts of food > [noun] > slice or piece of foodstuff leachc1440 rasher1634 the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a piece or bit > a piece cut off > a slice cantlec1400 leachc1440 slicea1475 tailye?a1500 tranchec1500 trench1558 slive1577 collop1579 gigot?1611 slivinga1825 α. c1440 Anc. Cookery in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 435 Cut smal leches of two ynches of length. a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 45 Thre leches of bacun lay þou mot In brothe. c1500 Ffor to serve a Lord in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 374 Take of ij leches of the briste, and cowche legge and whyngge and lechis into a faire voyde plater. β. c1460 J. Russell Bk. Nurture 610 Put it in a dische leese by lees.?a1475 Noble Bk. Cookry in Middle Eng. Dict. at Clod Alander de beeff..tak the clodde of beef and make lesks of a span longe. 2. A dish consisting of sliced meat, eggs, fruits, and spices in jelly or some other coagulating material. Often in adoptions of Anglo-Norman combinations, denoting particular varieties, e.g. leche frye [compare Old French lechefroie, modern French lèchefrite, dripping-pan] , damask leach, dugard leach, lumbard leach, purple leach, royal leach, etc. dry leach: a sort of cake or gingerbread, containing dates, etc.white leach: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > food by way of preparation > [noun] > dish in jelly leach?c1390 the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake > gingerbread gingerbreada1450 dry leach1570 pepper-gingerbread1598 pepper bread1611 gingerbread nut1734 ginger cake1758 ginger nut1786 parkin1800 parliament gingerbread1809 parliament1812 parliament cake1818 parley1825 spice-nut1829 Pfefferkuchen1856 Hoosier cake1859 α. ?c1390 Forme of Cury 36 Leche Lumbard. Take rawe Pork [etc.]. c1440 Anc. Cookery in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 449 And therwith daryolus, and leche~fryes, made of frit and friture. c1460 J. Russell Bk. Nurture 516 Cow heelis and Calves fete ar dere y-bouȝt some tide To medille amonge leeches & Ielies. c1460 J. Russell Bk. Nurture 708 Quynces bake leche dugard. ?a1500 in F. J. Furnivall Queene Elizabethes Achademy (1869) i. 92 Leche maskelyn... Leche rubby. ?a1500 in F. J. Furnivall Queene Elizabethes Achademy (1869) i. 91 Leche damasque. ?a1500 in F. J. Furnivall Queene Elizabethes Achademy (1869) i. 90 Leche ffloree...leche dalmayn. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. clxxxi^v Leche Damask w^t the kynges worde or Prouerbe Flourysshed. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 238/1 Leche made of flesshe, gelee. 1570 in J. Gutch Collectanea Curiosa (1781) II. 8 For vj lb. of almones to him, for drie leche. ?1600 H. Plat Delightes for Ladies sig. B11 This is your Gingerbreade vsed at the Court... It is otherwise called drie Leach. 1615 G. Markham Eng. House-wife (1668) ii. ii. 96 To make the best Leech take Ising-glass..then take Almonds. 1848 W. H. Ainsworth Lancashire Witches i. ix I pray you taste this pippin jelly..or some leach of almonds. β. c1450 Two Cookery-bks. 75 Lese fryes.1452 in A. Wood Hist. & Antiq. Univ. Oxf. (1792) I. 599 Leshe damask.c1460 J. Russell Bk. Nurture 504 Alle maner of leessez ye may forbere. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online March 2022). leachn.² Brit. /liːtʃ/, U.S. /litʃ/ Forms: Also 1600s lech, 1600s–1800s letch, 1800s leech. Etymology: apparently < leach v.² (though recorded much earlier than the verb in the cognate sense); in senses 1 – 3 probably short for attributive combinations (letch n.¹, ditch or pool, is etymologically identical.) 1. A perforated vessel or trough used for making lye from wood ashes by pouring water over them. Obsolete exc. dialect. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > vessels for other specific purposes > [noun] > for making lye leach1673 1673 J. Ray Observ. Journey Low-countries (1738) I. 172 This powder they mingle with a little slaked lime..which they put into letches or troughs, and pouring water upon them make the lixivium. 1691 J. Ray S. & E. Country Words in Coll. Eng. Words (ed. 2) 104 A Letch, or Lech. a1855 W. T. Spurdens Forby's Vocab. E. Anglia (1858) III. 28 Leach, a domestic utensil for making ley from wood-ashes; a perforated tub. 1894 Harper's Mag. Apr. 810 Her elbow struck the leach and knocked it into the soap-kettle. 2. Tanning. (See quot. 1886.) ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with skins > [noun] > converting to leather tawing1408 barkingc1440 tewc1440 tanneryc1460 tanning1481 tannage1662 bark-tanning1707 leach1779 sumaching1792 chrome-tanning1882 stocking1883 sumac tanning1932 1779 Philos. Trans. 1778 68 114 The ooze is made by macerating the bark in common water, in a particular set of holes or pits, which..are termed letches. 1852 C. Morfit Art of Tanning, Currying, & Leather-dressing (1853) 22 The application of heat to bark in leaches. 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1268/1 In the bark-leach, the bark is contained between two perforated horizontal partitions in the leach. 1886 W. A. Harris Techn. Dict. Fire Insurance Leaches, in tanneries, are the pits in which the tan-liquors are mixed, as distinguished from the tan-pits, in which the hides are steeped. 3. Salt-making. (See quot. 1886.) ΚΠ 1886 R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester Leach, salt-making term; the brine (fully saturated) which drains from the salt, or is left in the pan when the salt is drawn out. Formerly called ‘leach~brine’. 4. a. The action of ‘leaching’. b. (See quot. 1828-32) ΚΠ 1828–32 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Leach, a quantity of wood-ashes, through which water passes, and thus imbibes the alkali. Compounds † leach-brine n. Obsolete = sense 3. ΚΠ 1669 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 4 1065 Leach-brine, which is such Brine, as runs from their salt, when 'tis taken up before it hardens. c1682 J. Collins Salt & Fishery 56 Cheshire Salt-Workers call the Liquor that drops from their Salt, being put into Wicker-baskets, Leach Brine. leach-hole n. (see quot. and cf. leach v.² 4). ΚΠ 1854 H. D. Thoreau Walden xvi. 313 A ‘leach hole’, through which the pond leaked out. leach-tank n. a tank for leaching metallic ores. ΚΠ 1877 R. W. Raymond Statistics Mines & Mining 403 From this line of wooden tubing the bath is to be conducted to each leach-tank by an India-rubber tube. † leach-trough n. Obsolete (see quot.). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > salt manufacture > [noun] > equipment pail1481 walling-lead1611 walma1661 Neptune1662 loot1669 ship1669 clearerc1682 cribc1682 barrow1686 hovel1686 leach-trough1686 salt-pan1708 sun pond1708 sun pan1724 scrape-pan1746 taplin1748 drab1753 room1809 thorn house1853 thorn-wall1853 fore-heater1880 pike1884 trunk1885 1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. ii. 94 Through these being set in the Leach-troughs, the salt drains it self dry in 3 hours time. leach-tub n. ΚΠ 1845 S. Judd Margaret i. iii. 12 Here were a draw shave..frows, sap buckets, a leach tub. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online March 2022). leachv.¹ Brit. /liːtʃ/, U.S. /litʃ/ Forms: α. Middle English leche, Middle English lecche, leeche, leyche, 1600s– leach. β. Middle English lese, lessh, 1500s les(c)he. Etymology: < leach n.¹ Obsolete exc. archaic. transitive. To cut (meat, etc.) in slices; to slice. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > general preparation processes > perform general preparation processes [verb (transitive)] > slice leach?a1400 border1508 shive1570 whang1764 α. ?a1400 Morte Arth. 188 Seyne bowes of wylde bores with þe braune lechyde, Bernakes and botures in baterde dysches. c1430 Two Cookery-bks. 35 Take gratyd Brede, & make it so chargeaunt þat it wol be y-lechyd. c1450 Two Cookery-bks. 71 Leche hit [brawn] faire, but not to thyn. a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 37 Whenne hit is soþun, þou schalt hit leche. 1486 Bk. St. Albans F vij b Brawne leechyd. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 78 Terms for Carving..Leach that Brawn. 1864 W. H. Ainsworth Tower of London 412 In the old terms of his art, he leached the brawn. β. c1440 Douce MS 55 lf. 29 Mold it all to gedrys with thyn honde till it be so stiffe that it will be lesshed.?a1475 Noble Bk. Cookry (1882) 27 Then leshe it in dyshes.1508 Bk. Keruynge (de Worde) sig. A^v Lesche y^t brawne. Derivatives † leached adj. Obsolete sliced, fried in slices. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > general preparation processes > [adjective] > sliced leached1461 sliced1589 1461–83 in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 38 At supper leychid beefe & mutton roste. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online March 2022). leachv.² Brit. /liːtʃ/, U.S. /litʃ/ Forms: Also leech, latch, letch. Etymology: Probably representing Old English lęccan to water (translating Latin rigare ) < West Germanic type lakkjan < lakjan , < lak- : see lake n.³ There appears to be no trace of the verb between Old English and the examples of the technological use in the 18th cent., except the doubtful instance in Shakespeare and one other (see 1, 2 below). The form letch* is normal; the variant leach is phonologically obscure. †1. transitive. To water, wet. Obsolete. rare.In the Shakespeare quot. the verb may possibly belong to latch v.³, in the transferred sense ‘to fasten’. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > preparation of land or soil > irrigation > irrigate [verb (transitive)] leachc888 water1538 irrigate1623 irriguate1632 float1649 trickle-irrigate1971 c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxxix. §13 (Sedgefield) 136/17 Hæglas & snawas & se oftræda ren leccað þa eorðan on wintra. 1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iii. ii. 36 But hast thou yet latcht [Q2, F1 lacht] the Athenians eyes, With the loue iuice, as I did bid thee doe? View more context for this quotation †2. intransitive. To soften, melt. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > become soft [verb (intransitive)] > by melting as wax leach1620 1620 H. Greenwood Jaylers Jayl-deliv. 7 Merchants waxe must leach in a candle, before it can take a stampe or impression. 3. a. transitive. To cause (a liquid) to percolate through some material. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > percolation > cause to percolate [verb (transitive)] filter1582 percolate1626 leach1796 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > filtering or percolating > filter [verb (transitive)] > cause to percolate filter1582 percolate1626 filtrate1682 leach1796 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement over, across, through, or past > [verb (transitive)] > through > pass through the pores of > cause to percolatea1676 leach1796 transpire1864 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 439 Cider..is first separated from the filth and dregs, either by leaching through sand, or straining it through flannel cloths. 1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Leach, to wash, as ashes, by percolation, or causing water to pass through them, and thus to separate from them the alkali. The water thus charged with alkali is called lye. b. To subject (bark, ores, etc.) to the action of percolating water, etc., with the view of removing the soluble constituents; to lixiviate. Also used with reference to the action of water, esp. rain, on soil; also absol. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > subject to chemical reactions or processes [verb (transitive)] > subject to named chemical reaction or process > subject to lixiviation mash1605 lixiviate1662 leach1839 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > treatment with water or liquid > treat with water or liquid [verb (transitive)] lote1547 leach1877 1839 J. Buel Farmer's Compan. ix. 74 The wind and the sun dissipate its virtues, and rains leach it and waste its fertilizing powers. 1877 R. W. Raymond Statistics Mines & Mining 403 Concentrated liquid obtained by leaching the ores in this process, at Widnes, in England. 1882 J. Paton in Encycl. Brit. XIV. 382/2 The tanning materials so prepared are next leached, latched, or infused for preparing the strongest tanning solutions. 1882 Rep. Precious Metals (U.S. Bureau of Mint) 112 Chlorination works are needed for leaching the sulphurets. 1885 Harper's Mag. Jan. 276/1 Most tanners..grind [bark] in a bark-mill, ‘leaching’ the bark to obtain the liquor. 1917 Mining Mag. 17 75/2 The rocks..are altered and leached of iron. 1951 W. P. Kelley Alkali Soils vii. 146 It should not be inferred that..all the farmer needs to do in order to reclaim any alkali soil is to drain and leach with water. 1954 W. D. Thornbury Princ. Geomorphol. xvi. 420 Kansan and Nebraskan tills are leached to much greater depths. 1971 D. Hillel Soil & Water v. 124 They suggested that leaching soils at a water content below saturation (e.g., under sprinkling irrigation or rainfall or under intermittent irrigation) could produce more efficient leaching and thereby reduce the amount of water required. c. intransitive. To pass through by percolation (Webster, 1864); to percolate through and pass out. Also intransitive for reflexive. Of ashes: To be subject to the action of percolating water. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > percolation > pass through by percolation [verb (intransitive)] oozea1398 soakc1440 filter1576 percolate1684 infiltrate1828 leach1883 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement over, across, through, or past > [verb (intransitive)] > through > through a porous medium sipec1000 oozea1398 soakc1440 filter1576 strain1590 transude1664 percolate1684 transudate1684 filtrate1686 seep1790 leach1883 1883 E. C. Rollins New Eng. Bygones (new ed.) 68 The ashes of those ancient wood-fires..went to leach in the spring for the making of family soap. 1931 Forestry 5 143 In order to avoid any possible effect of some of the preservative leaching out into the medium, some workers raise the blocks above the surface of the medium. 1961 J. N. Anderson Appl. Dental Materials (ed. 2) xxiii. 240 Dentures should be kept in water after curing in order to allow as much residual monomer as possible to leach out. 1968 Listener 21 Mar. 376/2 Cacodylic acid is alleged to disappear very quickly, to leech down through the soil. 1974 A. J. Huxley Plant & Planet xviii. 198 Many [viruses] make use of materials which leach through the [leaf] skin. 4. transitive. To take away, out, by percolation. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > subject to chemical reactions or processes [verb (transitive)] > subject to named chemical reaction or process > subject to miscellaneous other processes reduce?a1425 weaken1540 projecta1550 brown1570 spiritualize1593 colliquate1603 redisperse1621 imbibe1626 educe1651 to cant off1658 part1663 regalize1664 dint1669 roche1679 subtilizea1722 neutralize1744 develop1756 evolve1772 extricate1790 separate1805 unburn1815 leach1860 methylate1864 nitrate1872 nitre1880 sweeten1885 deflocculate1909 hybridize1959 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > filtering or percolating > filter [verb (transitive)] > remove or obtain by filtering filter1576 leach1860 1860 M. F. Maury Physical Geogr. Sea (ed. 8) i. 16 The tides..leached out of the disintegrated materials..every soluble ingredient known in nature. 1877 N. S. Shaler App. to J. A. Allen's Amer. Bison 458 Whenever the rocks lie above the line of the drainage, these salts have been leached away. 1884 Engineer 12 Sept. After leaching out the chloride, the tails may be treated. 1900 Nature 19 July 277/2 A moist climate would tend to leach the calcareous matter from the rock. 1964 Listener 13 Aug. 225/2 It [sc. a modern office block] has neither virtues nor vices; it just sits there like a graceless woman, leeching away a bit more of the city's vitality. 1971 Nature 13 Aug. 446/3 Insecticides are leached from soil by water. 1973 Nature 20 July 165/1 Particulate material was collected on fibreglass filters from which lead was leached with hot 70% nitric acid. Derivatives leached adj. (a) that has been subjected to the action of percolating liquid; (b) (also leached-out) that has been removed by percolating liquid. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > percolation > [adjective] > that has been subjected to percolation leached1837 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > filtering or percolating > [adjective] > filtered or percolated filtered?1600 filtrated1663 percolated1672 leached1837 the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > percolation > [adjective] > that has been removed by percolation leached-out1963 1837 Cultivator Aug. 93/2 (heading) Leached ashes as manure. 1837 Cultivator Aug. 93/2 Leached or drawn ashes possess a highly beneficial effect, particularly when applied to lands deficient in calcareous matters. 1840 J. Buel Farmer's Compan. 74 Leached ashes are in many cases beneficial, particularly within the influence of the marine atmosphere. 1862 G. P. Marsh Lect. Eng. Lang. (new ed.) 40 A melancholy heap of leached ashes, marrowless bones, and empty oyster-shells. 1895 Offic. Mining Rep. N. Zealand 10 Separating the cyanide solutions from the leached pulp. 1926 A. Locke (title) Leached outcrops as guides to copper ore. 1961 Listener 12 Oct. 559/1 So white are some leached layers [in a podsol] that they have entered archaeological literature as ‘layers of ash’. 1963 D. W. Humphries & E. E. Humphries tr. H. Termier & G. Termier Erosion & Sedimentation vi. 139 The lowest part is a zone of enrichment to which the leached-out soluble salts from the upper part of the soil are carried. 1972 J. G. Cruickshank Soil Geogr. ii. 69 Part of the leached compounds are deposited in the lower zone of the soil, but some will be lost from the system through soil drainage and seepage. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹?c1390n.²1669v.¹?a1400v.²c888
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leachn.1

leachn.2

Compounds

leachv.1

Derivatives

leachv.2

Derivatives

leachn.¹

leachn.²

leachv.¹

leachv.²