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laughtern.1 Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Old Dutch lahter , Old Saxon lahter (Middle Low German lachter ), both in sense ‘joke, prank’, Old High German hlahtar (Middle High German lahter , early modern German lachter ; compare (with added prefix) Middle High German gelehter (German Gelächter , which is the now usual German noun)), Old Icelandic hlátr , Old Swedish later , Old Danish later , latther (Danish latter ), all in sense ‘act or instance of laughing’ < the Germanic base of laugh v. + a Germanic suffix forming nouns also found in e.g. fodder n., murder n.1, laughter n.2, lahter n.The Old English forms show breaking of the stem vowel before the stem-final consonant group (compare West Saxon hleahtor at α. forms). Resulting ea was smoothed to æ in Anglian (compare Northumbrian (inflected) læhtr- at β. forms) and to e in late West Saxon (compare hlehter at α. forms). (Occasional isolated forms with æ from West Saxon manuscripts (e.g. hlæhtr-, hlæahter) have been assigned to the β. forms, although it is possible that they may show (unexplained) reflexes of West Saxon hleahtor .) The modern standard form goes back to the Anglian form (for the phonological development in Middle English compare discussion at laugh v.), while forms such as Middle English leihter show the reflex of late West Saxon hlehter (with development of a glide before the palatal fricative). The modern standard pronunciation with medial /f/ is probably influenced by analogy with laugh v., as Middle English /x/ before /t/ tended to be lost in standard English (compare daughter n.); (it is retained in Scots: compare Scots spellings with medial -ch- ). See further E. J. Dobson Eng. Pronunc. 1500–1700 (ed. 2, 1968) II. §§371, 424. Earlier currency of laughterful adj. at Derivatives (in an otherwise unattested sense ‘scornful, derisive’) is perhaps shown by the following apparent example of Old English hleahtorfull (here used as a noun):OE tr. Felix St. Guthlac (Vesp.) (1909) Prol. 101 Ac gemune and geþence ælc þara tælendra and hleahterfulra, þa [read þæt] on [wordum] godes rice ne wunað.However, comparison with the Latin original suggests that the word is more likely to represent Old English leahtorfull (a derivative of lahter n.), in an otherwise unattested sense ‘reproachful, reproving’, although the presence of several other apparent scribal errors within close proximity (in each case involving the introduction of hleahtor or one of its derivatives) suggests that laughter n.1 was perhaps uppermost in the scribe's mind at the time, and that (irrespective of its aptness at this point in the text) hleahtorfull may indeed represent a genuine Old English word. 1. the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > [noun] eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory (Hatton) (1871) xxxiv. 231 Hi habbað sua micle mede oðerra monna godra weorca.., sua we habbað ðæs hleahtres, ðonne we hliehað gligmonna unnyttes cræftes. OE 3 Wiht [i.e. an iceberg]..hlinsade hlude; leahtor wæs gryrelic, egesful on earde. OE (2008) 611 Ðær wæs hæleþa hleahtor, hlyn swynsode. a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris (1873) 2nd Ser. 175 He..ne stont neure on one stede, Ac sigeð eure..fro lehtre to wope. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1963) l. 1521 Mid gomene & mid lehtre [c1300 Otho lihtre]. c1390 in F. J. Furnivall (1901) ii. 501 (MED) He barst on lauhtre, and loude louh. a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer (Pierpont Morgan) (1881) ii. l. 1169 She for laughter wende for to dye. a1425 (c1395) (Royal) (1850) Job viii. 21 Til thi mouth be fillid with leiȝtir. 1487 How Good Wife taught her Daughter (St. John's Cambr.) 15 in J. Barbour (1877) 525 Nocht lowd of lauchtir, na of langage crous. 1576 A. Fleming tr. Hippocrates in 283 When I behold there undiscrete behauours,..I cannot but burst out into laughter. 1598 W. Shakespeare v. ii. 80 O I am stable with laughter. 1645 J. Milton L'Allegro in 31 Laughter holding both his sides. 1651 T. Hobbes i. vi. 27 Much Laughter at the defects of others, is a signe of Pusillanimity. 1754 Earl of Chatham (1804) v. 35 It is rare to see in any one a graceful laughter. 1793 T. Holcroft tr. J. C. Lavater (abridged ed.) xxx. 148 The physiognomy of laughter would be the best of elementary books for the knowledge of man. 1825 H. W. Longfellow 16 The silver brook..Slips down through moss-grown stones with endless laughter. 1826 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xxvi, in June 755 The..hubbub o' curses, endin' in shouts o' deevilish lauchter. 1863 ‘G. Eliot’ I. xii. 208 In the vain laughter of folly wisdom hears half its applause. 1936 23 Sept. 20/2 The party then settles down to a few hours of drinking, laughter and dancing. 1954 P. Frankau i. iii. 17 One could always hear the Duchess coming. She made peals of laughter that sounded like opera. 1979 M. Bradley 81 Kerwin snorted brief, unamused laughter. 2003 J. Mullaney 179 It was hard work trying to apologise to him, whilst dying with laughter and trying to hold the steering wheel steady. the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > [noun] > instance of OE 59 Hwær beoþ þonne..þa idelnessa, & þa ungemetlican hleahtras? ?c1225 (?a1200) (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 123 To underfon fleschliche lachtren. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1963) l. 615 His lauedi Diana hine leofliche biheolde. mid wn-sume leahtren. c1400 (?c1390) (1940) l. 1217 Þus he bourded a-ȝayn with mony a blyþe laȝter. c1440 (?a1400) l. 2673 With lowde laghttirs on lofte for lykynge of byrdez. 1550 J. Heywood (new ed.) ii. ix. sig. Fiv Better is the last smile, than the first laughter. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane f. lvijv Then with a greate laughter (he saide) they would haue it so. 1651 J. Saint-Amard tr. F. Micanzio sig. B6v Whereat the Duke breaking into a laughter, replyed. 1692 R. L'Estrange Life Æsop in (1708) 8 Whereupon Æsop brake out into a Loud Laughter. 1709 D. Manley (ed. 2) I. 110 Because she..did not burst out into a Laughter at his Jests, he concluded her mad. a1774 O. Goldsmith tr. P. Scarron (1775) II. ii. 22 They broke out into a laughter for four or five several times successively. 1840 R. Browning iii. 98 Exchanging quick low laughters. 1865 Aug. 226/2 Then came bounding along another group of girls whose laughters rung through the warm air. 1907 Sept. 377 Then John's ears became aware Of small articulations in the dark, Queer laughters, as of countless impish glee. 1986 T. Murphy ii. 63 An' not able to keep the straight face, Costello roared out a laughter. 2007 (Nexis) 12 Mar. They murmured in low tones and broke into long laughters. the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > causing laughter > [noun] > that which causes or is subject of laughter OE (transcript of lost MS) 38 [Peorð] byþ symble plega and hlehter wlancum ðar wigan sittaþ on beorsele bliþe ætsomne. a1250 Wohunge ure Lauerd in R. Morris (1868) 1st Ser. 283 (MED) Þu..was reowðe to rihtwise, lahter to þe luðere..tu..was unwreste folk of world to hoker lahter. a1450 (c1412) T. Hoccleve (Harl. 4866) (1897) l. 1690 (MED) War aduoutre! it is no pleye or laghtre To don it. a1500 tr. A. Chartier (Rawl.) (1974) 95 (MED) Lorde God, what laughtir and iape war this and the losse of so many sowles had not fallen ther upon! 1598 W. Shakespeare ii. iii. 3 It would be argument for a week, laughter for a month, and a good iest for euer. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iv. ii. 168 Hath Cassius liu'd To be but Mirth and Laughter to his Brutus? View more context for this quotation 1676 A. Sammes 465 They chose rather to be their own murtherers, and so die wilfully, than to be a mock and laughter to their Enemies. 1721 R. Blackmore lxxx. 173 To Neighbours we are made a Strife, And Laughter to our Foes. 1746 P. Francis & W. Dunkin tr. Horace ii. ii. 195 Thou future Laughter to thy deadliest Foe! 1864 Ld. Tennyson Enoch Arden in 11 All his Annie's fears, Save, as his Annie's, were a laughter to him. 1864 Ld. Tennyson Aylmer's Field in 77 A mockery to the yeomen over ale, And laughter to their lords. 1911 J. London 229 He cannot go down without his nose to the grave. He will become a laughter and a byword. a1450 Terms Assoc. in (1936) 51 604 (MED) A laughtre of hosterers. 1486 sig. Fvjv A Laughtre of Ostelores. 1827 P. Cunningham I. 232 The loud laughter of the jackass summons us to turn out, and take a peep at the appearance of the morning. 1850 C. Brontë 4 June (2000) II. 411 A laughing hyena..every now and then uttered a hideous peal of laughter such as a score of maniacs might produce. 1944 C. Beaton Diary in (1979) xiv. 122 They develop a sixth sense, so that they can distinguish every animal step, the calls of the birds, the laughter of hyenas, the yells of jackals. 1972 A. Sanford xx. 295 Kookaburras waking me in the morning with their insane laugher. 2010 (Nexis) 30 Mar. 11 New research has shown that hyena laughter encodes complex information about age, status and identity. Compounds C1. a. General attributive. 1851 C. de Chatelain (title) A Laughter-Book for Little Folk. 1928 4 May 22/1 (advt.) Two Innocents on a Natal Farm A Laughter Book by W. P. Hewetson. 2000 (Nexis) 11 Apr. 4 I met Dr Kataria on a business trip to Bombay. I saw a laughter book and read it and we took it from there. 1840 R. M. Milnes 13 Each repeated laughter-burst. 2006 (Nexis) 19 Sept. The..Laughter Clubs blend silly child's play, laughter bursts and yogic breathing techniques into a therapeutic mix. b. Instrumental. 1634 T. Heywood & R. Brome ii. sig. C4v Our sides are charm'd, or else this stuffe Would laughter-cracke them. 1745 W. Thompson i. 2 Where pleasure rolls her honey-trickling streams, Of blooming health and laughter-dimpled joy. 1887 G. Meredith 113 A laughter-dimpled countenance. the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > [adjective] > made radiant by laughter (of the eyes or face) 1813 W. Scott i. xviii. 43 Laughter-lighted eyes. 1908 June 676/1 The eyes were brown, and laughter-lighted. 1974 J. Betjeman 16 Dear hands and feet and laughter-lighted face And silk that hinted at the body's grace. the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > [adjective] > made radiant by laughter (of the eyes or face) a1847 E. Cook (1853) 44 Apollo with laughter-lit face. 1917 W. B. Yeats 18 And when she meets our gaze her eyes are laughter-lit. 1999 (Nexis) 25 Nov. 33 After a laughter-lit spell as a comedy writer's wife,..Hickson returned with her family to Sydney. the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > [adjective] > made radiant by laughter (of the eyes or face) 1826 H. Smith II. ii. 29 The..laughter-twinkling eyes of the Frenchman. c. Objective. the mind > emotion > pleasure > merriment > [adjective] the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > [adjective] > inclined to laugh 1592 S. Daniel x Thou..Laughter-louing Goddesse, worldly pleasures Queen. 1645 E. Waller 16 We finde not that the laughter loving dame Mourn'd for Anchises. 1788 S. Low i. iii. 12 If your spirits are depress'd, what so replete with that which can revive them as the laughter-loving Thalia? 1807 18 Apr. 148 One of those confounded good thoughts struck his laughter-loving brain. 1935 Nov. 32/2 Joaquin Murrieta was a laughter-loving Mexican. 2005 M. Atwood xxii. 154 Modesty was not among the gifts given to me by laughter-loving Aphrodite. 1810 May 347 D. Mandrogenes, ὁ γελωτοποιος, the laughter-maker, or buffoon, played all his tricks and made them laugh immoderately. 1937 27 Jan. 10/4 There are no half-measures with a piece as light as this. It passes the evening, but as a laughter-maker it misses fire. 2004 S. Little 175 Whoever is the laughter-maker in the show is expected to throw in several gags of their own. 1689 H. Killigrew tr. Martial ii. 39 Mimicks, and Droles, a Laughter-moving Jest [L. mimos ridiculi Philistionis Et conuiuia nequiora uita Et quidquid lepida procacitate Laxat perspicuo labella risu]. ?1734 ‘Pilgrim Plowden’ 137 My imagination is now and then sooth'd into dainty dreams by the aromatick Cloacina's laughter-moving notes. 1836 E. A. Poe in Apr. 339/2 Not a broad, forced, loud, vacant-minded joke, but a quiet, pungent, sly, laughter-moving conceit. 1963 T. Munro v. 47 And what is the grotesque? It is infinitely varied,..frightful and laughter-moving by turns, as in medieval gargoyles and witches' revels. 1814 W. Wordsworth vii. 313 A merry journey—rich in pastime—cheered By music, prank, and laughter-stirring jest. View more context for this quotation 1877 E. Dowden (Macmillan Lit. Primers) vi. 66 Laughter-stirring surprises. C2. the world > life > the body > skin > textures or states of skin > [noun] > wrinkle 1867 June 463/2 There are thought-lines in my forehead, and laughter-lines about my mouth. 1938 M. Allingham xii. 180 His light grey eyes were entirely without humour in spite of the laughter-lines beside them. 1991 T. Pratchett 203 Give or take the odd laughter line and wrinkle, it was Granny Weatherwax to the life. 2007 July 71/3 If you've ever glanced in the mirror, wishing away your laughter lines, spare a thought for the A-list, whose success hinges on how they look. Derivatives the mind > emotion > pleasure > merriment > [adjective] the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > [adjective] > inclined to laugh 1874 F. Boyle ii. 29 The laughterful, uproarious exchange of scolding. 1898 9 July 39 A teacher as rich and laughterful, as mendacious and corrupting as life itself. 1998 (Nexis) 25 Mar. 16 The most exciting, colourful, wonderful, laughterful football supporters in the world. the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > melancholy > seriousness or solemnity > [adjective] 1825 18 440 No unfit haunting place For things of..laughterless beatitude. 1947 H. W. Garrod in E. Baker xv. 342 In our literature, laughter in fact begins with Chaucer. Whatsoever things are ‘Old English’ are laughterless. 2005 J. Gantar v. 95 A perfect world could well end up a laughterless place. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). laughtern.2  Brit.  /ˈlɑːftə/, /ˈlaftə/, U.S. /ˈlæftər/, Scottish English /ˈlɔxtər/, /ˈlaxtər/, Irish English /ˈlɑxtər/Origin: Probably a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: early Scandinavian *lahtr. Etymology: Probably < an unattested early Scandinavian *lahtr (compare Old Icelandic (in poetic texts) látr , although this has a different sense: ‘place where animals lay their young’) < the Germanic base of lay v.1 + the Germanic suffix forming nouns which is also seen in laughter n.1Some forms, as well as the pronunciation, are influenced by association with (etymologically unrelated) laughter n.1 Now English regional, Scottish, and Irish English ( northern). the world > animals > birds > egg > [noun] > whole number laid tr. Palladius (Duke Humfrey) (1896) i. l. 712 (MED) An hen vppon ther eyron me may sette..But lest thyn hennys eyron shuld ought lette, Ley nettelys vndir with, and euermore The laughter last. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny I. 298 Pullets lay more than old hennes, but they be lesse, especially the first and last of one laiter. 1667 N. Fairfax Let. 26 Nov. in H. Oldenburg (1966) III. 624 She layd her 2d layter being a knot of eggs... Aug. 28. these eggs were hatcht, out of wch sprang 7 or 8 spiderlings. 1703 R. Thoresby Let. 27 Apr. in J. Ray (1848) 424 A hen lays her laughter, that is, all the eggs she will lay that time. 1787 F. Grose Lafter [printed Laster] or Lawter, thirteen eggs to set a hen. 1790 D. Morison 68 Her [sc. a goose] lachter's laid with which she's set. 1808 J. Jamieson Lachter, A fowl is said to have laid all her lachter, when it is supposed that she will lay no more eggs at one time. a1825 R. Forby (1830) Latter. 1868 R. W. Huntley 47 Layter, the full amount of eggs laid by a bird. 1869 A. C. Gibson 210 I hevn't a ne'bour 'ill lend me a lafter of eggs. a1879 W. Forsyth Neighbours i, in (1882) 43 Some pirds..will pe missin' a sinkle egg oot o' her lauchter. 1893 R. O. Heslop The soo hes a good loutor o' pigs. 1928 A. E. Pease 72/1 Lafter, the complete ‘sitting’ of eggs, of a hen, goose or other bird. 1930 in (1960) V. 476/3 [Orkney] A lighter o chickens, o grices. A bonnie lighter o bairns she hed about her. 1997 W. Rollinson 95/1 Lafter, laghter, brood of chickens; the eggs which a hen sits on during incubation. 2004 T. P. Dolan (2006) 135/1 Lachtar, clutch of eggs.., flock of chicks. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.1eOE n.2?1440 |