awakenv.

Brit.

/əˈweɪk(ə)n/, U.S.

/əˈweɪkən/

Forms: Old English awæcn-an, Middle English awakn-en, Middle English awaken-e(n, Middle English– awaken.

Etymology: Old English a-wæcn-an , earlier on-wæcn-an , < a- prefix³ + wæcnan , to waken v. For the form-history, and its complication with that of awake adj., see the latter. In Old English awæcnan was a strong verb with past tense and participle awóc , awacen . But sometimes the present stem (being irregular) was mistaken for a weak verb, whence already in 9th cent. the past awæcnede , modern awakened , which is now treated as the proper past tense, while awoke and its accompanying past participle are referred to the originally weak awake . Like awake , this was also at first strictly intransitive; the transitive use is of comparatively recent appearance, but now (in sense 5) the most frequent.

(In early use, rarely in the literal sense of awake; commonly transferred or figurative. See senses 2, 3, 5 We still prefer awaken to awake in sense 5. See also the derivatives below, in which the transferred sense is the usual one in modern use.)

I. intransitive.

1. literal. = awake v. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > state of being awake > be or remain awake [verb (intransitive)] > become awake

awakenc885

awakec1000

i-wakec1275

wakea1300

wakenc1300

dawc1330

ofwakec1330

adawc1400

wake1533

to rouse out1803

upwake1842

surface1959

c885 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care 459 Ðæt we onwæcnen of slæpe.

1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xix. 478 I awakned þere-with & wrote as me mette.

1653 tr. F. Carmeni Nissena 29 He awakened, and found himselfe void of the hopes of asking.

1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian v, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. III. 124 When the captive awakened, the sun was high in heaven.

1819 R. Chapman Life James V 129 When the king awakened he was in a great rage.

†2. transferred. To arise or spring into existence, originate. (The usual sense in Old English) Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > existence > [verb (intransitive)] > come into existence

awakenc885

waxc888

arisec950

beOE

comeOE

aspringc1000

atspringOE

growOE

to come upOE

inrisea1300

breedc1385

upspringc1386

takec1391

to come in?c1430

engender?1440

uprise1471

braird?a1500

risea1513

insurde1521

insurge1523

spring1538

to start up1568

exsurge1578

upstart1580

become1605

born1609

c885 tr. Orosius Hist. iii. xi. §5 Eall heora gewinn awæcnedon ærest fram Alexandres epistole.

OE Crist I 67 Nu is þæt bearn cymen, awæcned to wyrpe weorcum Ebrea, bringeð blisse þe, benda onlyseð niþum genedde.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 309 Of idelnesse awakeneð Muchel flesches fondunge.

3. transferred and figurative. = awake v. 2, 3.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > find out, discover [verb (transitive)] > become aware of

discover1585

awaken1768

tumble1846

to awake to1872

to take a tumble (to oneself)1877

the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin action or activity [verb (intransitive)] > bestir oneself

arisec825

to start upc1275

stirc1275

shifta1400

awakea1450

to put out one's fins?1461

wake1523

to shake one's ears1580

rouse1589

bestira1616

awaken1768

arouse1822

waken1825

to wake snakes1835

roust1841

to flax round1884

to get busy1896

to get one's arse in gear1948

the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > have intelligence [verb (intransitive)] > display intelligence

awaken1827

sharpen1828

1768 J. Wesley Jrnl. 23 Apr. (1827) III. 308 Just awakening, and darkly feeling after God.

1827 T. Carlyle State Germ. Lit. in Edinb. Rev. Oct. 308 The genius of the country has awakened.

1881 Nonconf. 15 Sept. 867/1 A mind that has once awakened to this great and most distressing fact.

II. transitive.

4. literal. To rouse from sleep.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > state of being awake > wake or rouse [verb (transitive)]

wecchec897

aweccheeOE

wakenc1175

awake?c1225

upwakea1325

wakec1369

ruthec1400

daw1470

awaken1513

to stir up1526

dawn1530

to call up1548

unsleep1555

rouse1563

abraid1590

amove1591

arousea1616

dissleep1616

expergefy1623

start?1624

to rouse out1825

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid viii. viii. 7 The blysfull lycht..A~walkynnit king Euander.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) v. ii. 44 Hath that awakened you?

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 672 Satan..his next subordinate Awak'ning .

1841 C. Dickens Barnaby Rudge xvii. 32 Even this failed to awaken the sleeper.

5. transferred and figurative. To rouse into activity; to stir up, excite; kindle (desire, anxiety, interest, attention, etc.); in Theology to arouse to a sense of sin.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > quality of affecting the emotions > affect with emotion [verb (transitive)] > cause or give rise to an emotion

rearOE

arear?c1225

annoyc1300

movea1325

excite1393

raisea1400

lighta1413

stirc1430

provokec1450

provocate?a1475

rendera1522

to stir upc1530

excitate?1549

inspire1576

yield1576

to turn up1579

rouse1589

urge1594

incense1598

upraisea1600

upreara1600

irritate1612

awakena1616

recreate1643

pique1697

arouse1730

unlull1743

energize1753

evocate1827

evoke1856

vibe1977

a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iv. ii. 118 Lord Angelo..thinking me remisse..awakens mee.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iv. xlv. 355 To awaken..their Piety and Industry.

1766 J. Fordyce Serm. Young Women I. i. 11 I would..awaken your ambition.

1850 J. McCosh Method Divine Govt. (1874) iv. ii. 499 The cry of distress..awakens compassion.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	awaken
释义	awakenv. Brit. /əˈweɪk(ə)n/, U.S. /əˈweɪkən/ Forms: Old English awæcn-an, Middle English awakn-en, Middle English awaken-e(n, Middle English– awaken. Etymology: Old English a-wæcn-an , earlier on-wæcn-an , < a- prefix³ + wæcnan , to waken v. For the form-history, and its complication with that of awake adj., see the latter. In Old English awæcnan was a strong verb with past tense and participle awóc , awacen . But sometimes the present stem (being irregular) was mistaken for a weak verb, whence already in 9th cent. the past awæcnede , modern awakened , which is now treated as the proper past tense, while awoke and its accompanying past participle are referred to the originally weak awake . Like awake , this was also at first strictly intransitive; the transitive use is of comparatively recent appearance, but now (in sense 5) the most frequent. (In early use, rarely in the literal sense of awake; commonly transferred or figurative. See senses 2, 3, 5 We still prefer awaken to awake in sense 5. See also the derivatives below, in which the transferred sense is the usual one in modern use.) I. intransitive. 1. literal. = awake v. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > state of being awake > be or remain awake [verb (intransitive)] > become awake awakenc885 awakec1000 i-wakec1275 wakea1300 wakenc1300 dawc1330 ofwakec1330 adawc1400 wake1533 to rouse out1803 upwake1842 surface1959 c885 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care 459 Ðæt we onwæcnen of slæpe. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xix. 478 I awakned þere-with & wrote as me mette. 1653 tr. F. Carmeni Nissena 29 He awakened, and found himselfe void of the hopes of asking. 1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian v, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. III. 124 When the captive awakened, the sun was high in heaven. 1819 R. Chapman Life James V 129 When the king awakened he was in a great rage. †2. transferred. To arise or spring into existence, originate. (The usual sense in Old English) Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > [verb (intransitive)] > come into existence awakenc885 waxc888 arisec950 beOE comeOE aspringc1000 atspringOE growOE to come upOE inrisea1300 breedc1385 upspringc1386 takec1391 to come in?c1430 engender?1440 uprise1471 braird?a1500 risea1513 insurde1521 insurge1523 spring1538 to start up1568 exsurge1578 upstart1580 become1605 born1609 c885 tr. Orosius Hist. iii. xi. §5 Eall heora gewinn awæcnedon ærest fram Alexandres epistole. OE Crist I 67 Nu is þæt bearn cymen, awæcned to wyrpe weorcum Ebrea, bringeð blisse þe, benda onlyseð niþum genedde. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 309 Of idelnesse awakeneð Muchel flesches fondunge. 3. transferred and figurative. = awake v. 2, 3. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > find out, discover [verb (transitive)] > become aware of discover1585 awaken1768 tumble1846 to awake to1872 to take a tumble (to oneself)1877 the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin action or activity [verb (intransitive)] > bestir oneself arisec825 to start upc1275 stirc1275 shifta1400 awakea1450 to put out one's fins?1461 wake1523 to shake one's ears1580 rouse1589 bestira1616 awaken1768 arouse1822 waken1825 to wake snakes1835 roust1841 to flax round1884 to get busy1896 to get one's arse in gear1948 the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > have intelligence [verb (intransitive)] > display intelligence awaken1827 sharpen1828 1768 J. Wesley Jrnl. 23 Apr. (1827) III. 308 Just awakening, and darkly feeling after God. 1827 T. Carlyle State Germ. Lit. in Edinb. Rev. Oct. 308 The genius of the country has awakened. 1881 Nonconf. 15 Sept. 867/1 A mind that has once awakened to this great and most distressing fact. II. transitive. 4. literal. To rouse from sleep. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > state of being awake > wake or rouse [verb (transitive)] wecchec897 aweccheeOE wakenc1175 awake?c1225 upwakea1325 wakec1369 ruthec1400 daw1470 awaken1513 to stir up1526 dawn1530 to call up1548 unsleep1555 rouse1563 abraid1590 amove1591 arousea1616 dissleep1616 expergefy1623 start?1624 to rouse out1825 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid viii. viii. 7 The blysfull lycht..A~walkynnit king Euander. a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) v. ii. 44 Hath that awakened you? View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 672 Satan..his next subordinate Awak'ning . View more context for this quotation 1841 C. Dickens Barnaby Rudge xvii. 32 Even this failed to awaken the sleeper. 5. transferred and figurative. To rouse into activity; to stir up, excite; kindle (desire, anxiety, interest, attention, etc.); in Theology to arouse to a sense of sin. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > quality of affecting the emotions > affect with emotion [verb (transitive)] > cause or give rise to an emotion rearOE arear?c1225 annoyc1300 movea1325 excite1393 raisea1400 lighta1413 stirc1430 provokec1450 provocate?a1475 rendera1522 to stir upc1530 excitate?1549 inspire1576 yield1576 to turn up1579 rouse1589 urge1594 incense1598 upraisea1600 upreara1600 irritate1612 awakena1616 recreate1643 pique1697 arouse1730 unlull1743 energize1753 evocate1827 evoke1856 vibe1977 a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iv. ii. 118 Lord Angelo..thinking me remisse..awakens mee. View more context for this quotation 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iv. xlv. 355 To awaken..their Piety and Industry. 1766 J. Fordyce Serm. Young Women I. i. 11 I would..awaken your ambition. 1850 J. McCosh Method Divine Govt. (1874) iv. ii. 499 The cry of distress..awakens compassion. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < v.c885
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