α. Old English gelæt, Old English gelæte, Old English geleta (Northumbrian, plural), Old English giletum (Northumbrian, dative plural).
β. Middle English late, Middle English–1500s lete, 1500s leete, 1600s–1800s leet.
单词 | leet |
释义 | † leetn.1α. Old English gelæt, Old English gelæte, Old English geleta (Northumbrian, plural), Old English giletum (Northumbrian, dative plural). β. Middle English late, Middle English–1500s lete, 1500s leete, 1600s–1800s leet. Obsolete (English regional (chiefly East Anglian) and Irish English (Wexford) in later use). 1. A point of junction or meeting (of ways); (hence) a place where two or more roads or ways meet, a crossroads. In later use only with the number of ways specified, as two-way leet, three-way leet, four-way leet, etc. Also figurative. Cf. wayleet n.In Old English also in plural. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > junction of roads, paths, or tracks > [noun] wayleetOE leetOE cornerc1384 cornelc1420 three-went way1787 infall1895 OE Ælfric Gram. (St. John's Oxf.) 31 Biuium, twegra wega gelæte, triuium, þreora wega gelætu [other MSS gelæto, gelæte, gelæt], competum, fela [wega] gelætu. OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xxii. 9 Gað nu witodlice to wega gelætum. OE Bounds (Sawyer 587) in S. E. Kelly Charters of Abingdon Abbey, Pt. 2 (2001) 294 Þonne east andlang stræte, oþ þæra stræta gelæto. a1225 ( Bounds (Sawyer 496) in S. E. Kelly Charters of Abingdon Abbey, Pt. 1 (2000) 150 Of þam byrgelse to þære flodan æt swin weges slo æt þære wege gelæton. c1330 (?a1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) p. 502 (MED) He com to a four way lete Biȝonde Espire, þat riche cite. 1445 in P. H. Reaney Place-names Essex (1935) 155 Ffourweylate. a1547 in P. H. Reaney Place-names Essex (1935) 155 The ffyvewaylete. 1571 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Psalmes of Dauid with Comm. (xxv. 12) We stand as it were in a twowayleete, in every of our dooings, we hang in doubt, and are at our wittes end. 1593 in F. G. Emmison Elizabethan Life (1973) (modernized text) II. i. 14 George Sadler of Wix at the five-way leet. 1603 S. Harsnett Declar. Popish Impostures 134 Our children, old women, and maides afraid to crosse a Churchyeard, or a three-way leet. 1608 P. Golding tr. J. Sleidane Epit. Frossard ii. 95 Arriuing at a three-way leete, and consulting among themselues which way was to be taken. 1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. i. ix. 36 Situated in the midest, betweene Latium, and Tuscanie, as it were in a two-way-leet. 1656 tr. J. A. Comenius Latinæ Linguæ Janua Reserata: Gate Lat. Tongue Unlocked xciv. §923 There are four principall ones..the Heathenish, Jewish, Christian, Mahometan..of which scrupulous four-way-leet, to take an historical short delineation. 1691 J. Ray S. & E. Country Words in Coll. Eng. Words (ed. 2) 105 A Three or four-way Leet,..where three or four ways meet. 1722 J. Covel Some Acct. Greek Church ii. ii. 389 Many of the oldest Crosses..are placed in what we call, a three way Leet, that is, where only three ways meet like, Y. a1827 J. Poole Gloss. in T. P. Dolan & D. Ó. Muirithe Dial. Forth & Bargy (1996) 70 ‘Vour wing leet’, four cross roads. 2. English regional (East Anglian). A fair or fête, apparently originally one held at a crossroads. ΚΠ 1831 in W. Hone Year Bk. (1832) 555/20 The above notice [from East Tuddenham, Norfolk] relates to a sort of village wake, called there ‘a leet’. a1895 J. W. Darwood MS Coll. Cambr. Words in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1902) III. 568/1 There used to be held in the Walsoken Road at Wisbech a fair called the leet. It ceased to be held about 1860. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2020). leetn.2 Obsolete exc. Historical. 1. a. A special kind of court of record which the lords of certain manors were empowered by charter or prescription to hold annually or semi-annually; = court leet n. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > [noun] > feudal courts > other manorial, etc., courts leet1292 view of frankpledge1495 court leet1588 customary court1628 leet-court1651 honour court1661 knighten court1701 suit court1755 1292 Year Bks. 20 Edw. I (Rolls) 297 E par la reson ke yl ad une lete en tel luy, a la quele presente fut ke Jon deynz la purceynte de sele lete fut resident. 1294 Abbr. Placit. 22 Edw. I Norf. rot. 2. 291 (Du Cange) Et quia predicta transgressio..magis sonat injuria senescalli quam injuria eorum qui fuerunt præsentatores, nec præsentacio in Leta alicujus facta, est fundamentum judicii [etc.]. 1303 Year Bks. 31 Edw. I (Rolls) 399 Par la resoun qe presente fut a lour lete de tiel lieu par deceyners qe [etc.]. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 11 Amercyn in a corte or lete, amercio. 1486 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1885) III. 243 Expenses at ij. Letes at Snaynton. 1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng xx. f. 36v Sutte of court from thre wekes to thre wekes, and to the two great letes. 1538 A. Fitzherbert Loffice Iustyces de Peas f.80v The lorde in his Lete, and the Shyriffe in his Tourne to enq̄re and to haue for euery defaute xx.d. 1583 Sir T. Smith's De Republica Anglorum ii. xviii. 66 Leete or law day is not incident to euerie mannor... This Leete is ordinarily kept but twise in the yeare... The Leete or Lawe day is all one [in a manor]. 1583 P. Stubbes Second Pt. Anat. Abuses sig. B8v In euerie which shire or countie be courts, lawe daies, and leets, as they call them, euery moneth. 1603 G. Owen Descr. Penbrokshire (1891) vi. 52 And in those sheeres there were no manours or Lordships neyther anye Courtes Baron or leetes kept or holden. a1643 J. Spelman Case of Affaires (1644) 2 Every single man of twelve yeares of age ought by Law in some or other of His Majesties Leetes to swear Alleageance to His Majestie. 1778 S. Whatley England's Gazetteer (ed. 2) at Rumney Marsh Priveleges of leet, lawday, and tourn. 1839 J. R. McCulloch Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire (ed. 2) II. iv. iv. 136 Inferior ones of known jurisdiction..such as a leet or a civil court within a borough. 1854 J. Toulmin Smith Parish (1857) 107 Every Leet shall enquire of all offences against the Statute. 1878 R. W. Dixon Hist. Church Eng. I. iii. 197 In their renewal of this system the Commons seem to make sheriffs in their leets answer for the provincial synod. ΚΠ 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. i. xliii. 31 In the grand-leetes and solemne elections of Magistrates. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > types of body or spec. bodies > [noun] > committee committee1566 leet1665 board1909 1665 J. Buck in G. Peacock Observ. Statutes Univ. Cambr. (1841) App. B. 59 There be certain priviledged Persons and Townsmen appointed for the Paving Leet. 2. a. The jurisdiction of a court-leet; the district over which this jurisdiction extended, in some cases including only the manor, in other cases a wider area, often that of the hundred. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > jurisdiction of or areas under specific authorities > [noun] > under a court leet leet1477 1477 W. Pecock in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 421 I trow it to þe lord of þe soylle and not to þe lete, for þe maner holdyth nothyng of hyre. 1503–4 Act 19 Hen. VII c. 30 §16 Whiche landis tenementes services and a lete with the appurtenaunces the seid John Vynter purchased. a1640 T. Risdon Chorogr. Surv. Devon (1811) (modernized text) §308 316 All this circuit, now the leet of Womberley, was timbered with tall trees. 1671 F. Philipps Regale Necessarium 291 Where a Leet being a more large or greater Jurisdiction hath been granted to a man and his heirs. 1710 Act 8 Anne in London Gaz. No. 4681/3 This Act shall not prejudice the Right of the City of London, or the Lords of any Leet. 1818 H. Hallam View Europe Middle Ages II. viii. 150 The courts of the tourn and leet were erected. ΘΚΠ the world > space > [noun] > defined or limited portion of space > a particular extent or region coastc1320 confinec1400 quarterc1400 region?1537 leet1567 demesne1597 floor1626 area1700 department1832 parallel1887 1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid Metamorphosis (new ed.) viii. f. 108v For fate forbiddeth famin too abyde within the leete Where plentie is. Compounds C1. General attributive. leet-court n. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > [noun] > feudal courts > other manorial, etc., courts leet1292 view of frankpledge1495 court leet1588 customary court1628 leet-court1651 honour court1661 knighten court1701 suit court1755 1651 W. G. tr. J. Cowell Inst. Lawes Eng. 96 To goe twice a year to the Sheriffs Courts, or Leet Courts. leet-day n. ΘΚΠ the world > time > period > year > [noun] > specific days of the year Candlemas1014 May Day1267 All Souls' Dayc1300 midsummer evena1400 firstc1400 Beltane1424 midsummer eve1426 quarter day1435 Beltane1456 mid-Sundaya1475 madding-day1568 Lord Mayor's day1591 Barnaby bright1595 Lammas-eve1597 All Saints' Night1607 Handsel Monday1635 distaff's day1648 long Barnabya1657 St. Valentine's eve1671 leet-day1690 All Fools' Day1702 Boxing Day1743 April Fool's Day1748 Royal Oak Day1759 box day1765 Oak-apple Day1802 All Souls' Eve1805 mischief night1830 Shick-shack Day1847 chalk-back day1851 call night1864 Nut-Monday1867 Arbor Day1872 April Fool's1873 Labour Day1884 Martinmas Sunday1885 call day1886 Samhain1888 Juneteenth1890 Mother's Day1890 Father's Day1908 Thinking Day1927 Punkie night1931 Tweede Nuwejaar1947 1690 W. Walker Idiomatologia Anglo-Lat. 517 Whole court or leet-days. 1869 R. Browning Ring & Bk. III. ix. 230 So, all's one lawsuit, all one long leet-day! leet-jury n. ΚΠ 1720 J. Strype Stow's Surv. of London (rev. ed.) I. ii. ii. 25/2 The Leet Jury of the Manour of East Smithfield. leet-juryman n. ΚΠ 1766 J. Entick Surv. London in New Hist. London IV. 398 20 inquest or leet jurymen. C2. leet-ale n. a drinking of ale at the time of the leet. ΚΠ 1781 T. Warton Hist. Eng. Poetry III. xxv. 129 Leet-ale, in some parts of England, signifies the Dinner at a court-leet of a manor for the jury and customary tenants. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online June 2022). leetn.3 Scottish. ΚΠ 1590 in J. D. Marwick Rec. Convent. Royal Burghs Scotl. (1870) I. 321 The leytis for electioun of the prouest [of Aberdeen] nocht to be restranit to the name of Menȝes, thair freyndis and allyais. 1656 in J. Irving Hist. Dumbartonshire (1920) II. App. 325 The said deacons..sall give in yearly..the names of six persones of said craft out of the whilk number the said..counsell sall choise thrie to be letes of deaconhead. 2. A list of candidates designated as eligible for an official position, job, prize, etc. Esp. with prepositions, as in leets, on the leet, on a leet, etc. Cf. lite n.2 1a. short leet: a select list of a prescribed number of candidates, which is to be submitted to the elective or appointing body; cf. short list n. long leet: a list of candidates from which a short leet is to be derived by an initial round of voting or selection; cf. longlist n. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > [noun] > offering oneself as candidate > one who > eligibility > list of eligible candidates lite1441 leet1612 1612 in Rec. Parl. Scotl. to 1707 (2007) 1612/10/69 To present ane Leit to my Lord [of] aucht persones. c1635 W. Scot Apol. Narration (1846) 15 The Assemblie put in leits the said Mr. Alexander and Mr. Robert Pont..[and] ordained edicts..for the admission of one of them to the superintendentship. 1647 R. Baillie Let. 1 Sept. (1842) III. 20 At last..I gott myself off, and Mr. Robert Dowglass on the leetts [for Moderator]. 1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 152 That they would put on the leet five or six of the discreetest of the ministrie, that his Majestie may make choise of two of them to be ministers in his houss. 1764 Memorial United Incorporations Mary's Chapel against Alexander Nicolson 3 On the 16th September 1763, they assembled to make up their Long-leets for these Deacons, and the following Members were voted on the Leet for Deacon of the Masons. 1764 Memorial United Incorporations Mary's Chapel against Alexander Nicolson 4 The Incorporation met on the 17th to choose their Deacon out of the Short-leet. 1884 A. Grant Story Univ. Edinb. II. 279 The Town Council..placed him on a leet of persons eligible for the Principalship. 1986 Glasgow Herald 19 June 10 Four short-leet candidates will be interviewed on Wednesday for the £22,000-a-year post of director of public relations at Strathclyde University. 2006 Scotsman (Nexis) 3 Feb. 46 Headhunters found the candidates and the long leet process involved other council executives. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021). leetn.4 dialect. A stack of peat, etc. (see quots.). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > other organic fuels > [noun] > turf or peat > a stack or pile peat stack1501 rickle1565 leet1742 1742 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman June x. 98 The second [day] we..shake it [sc. the mown grass] into square Leets,..then put it into Bastard-cocks. 1793 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. V. 101 Peats are estimated by the leet, which is a solid body piled up like bricks, 24 feet long, and 12 ft. broad at bottom and 12 feet high. 1892 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Oct. 475 Carage, carting and leading a leet or stack of peats. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1902; most recently modified version published online March 2022). leetadj.n.5 A. adj. U.S. colloquial. Of a person: skilled at computer programming or hacking. Also as a general term of approval: masterful; ‘awesome’. ΘΚΠ society > computing and information technology > [adjective] > skilled in use computer-literate1961 computerate1981 computer-friendly1982 leet1995 1992 Gleanings (58) in bit.listserv.words-l (Usenet newsgroup) 7 Sept. C00l and EleEt are the words ‘cool’ and ‘elite’ spelled in the currently preferred style of the 17-year-old self-styled hacker. I was using those spellings to some now-forgotten humorous effect.] 1995 McGill Dialup Softwares in mcgill.general (Usenet newsgroup) 8 Nov. Itz kewl, dude. You should check it out coz itz just for the 'leet windoze userz. 1996 comp.sys.mac.programmer.games (Usenet newsgroup) 11 Jan. (title of posting) leet GAME PROGRAmmers NEEDED! 2001 Austral. & Refugees in alt.games.starcraft (Usenet newsgroup) 1 Sept. Thank you Chas, that was 1337. 2006 C. K. Sample PSP Hacks ii. 89 As for you 1337 hackers who scoff at how basic this hack is, consider it a challenge. 2013 C. Doctorow Homeland 343 If you guys are all so leet and badass, why don't you do this? B. n.5 An informal language or code used on the internet, characterized by its distinctive vocabulary and by a nonstandard system of spelling in which all or some of the standard letters are replaced by numerals, special characters, or other letters. Cf. leetspeak n.Originally associated with the subculture of computer hackers. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > a language > [noun] > artificial or invented language artificial language1705 natural language1774 Ziph1834 Volapük1885 Esperanto1892 pig Latin1896 pseudo-language1898 Idiom Neutral1903 auxiliary language1905 Panroman1907 universal1907 Ido1908 Mummerset1915 Interlingua1922 Reformed Neutral1922 occidental1926 interlanguage1927 world auxiliary1927 Novial1928 isotype1936 Interglossa1943 Klingon1985 leetspeak1996 leet2001 2001 Any l33t Experts? in alt.games.half-life.counterstrike (Usenet newsgroup) 5 Mar. l33t is hacker speak, Hackers use that talk to talk without having written evidence. 2009 Canberra Times (Nexis) 21 Feb. a12 Don't be surprised if you find yourself emailing in l33t afterwards. 2015 S. Baldwin Internet Unconscious ii. 32 A common use of leet is for undesirable or illegal communication. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). leetv. Scottish. transitive. To place (a person) on a list of selected candidates; to nominate. Frequently in passive. Cf. lite v.3 ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > choose for office [verb (transitive)] > propose as candidate > place on list lite1574 leet1612 1612 in Rec. Parl. Scotl. to 1707 (2007) 1612/10/69 To leit and present twa persounes with the auld thesaurar to the thesaurarie of the said cietie. 1643 Kirk-session Bk. Carnock in J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) p. xxi Thair wer six persones leitit to be sent to the King that he myght chuse ane of them for that kirk. 1647 R. Baillie Let. 1 Sept. (1842) III. 20 Mr. David Calderwood..hes pressed soe a new way of leetting the moderator for time to come, that [etc.]. 1700 G. Lockhart Representation to James Duke of Queensberry (single page) The said Provost, and Bailies, are Leited and Elected, and the Council Chosen by the Council of the Preceeding Year. 1867 H. Scott Fasti Ecclesiae Scoticanae II. 403 John Weemse, A.M., trans. from Hutton, when he was leeted for vacancies in Edinburgh 23d Dec. 2017 P. Goatman in M. Kerr-Peterson & S. J. Reid James VI & Noble Power in Scotl. 1778–1603 iv. 89 During this time, 28 men were leeted for the baillieships, but only 12 of these were appointed to office. Derivatives ˈleeted adj. ΚΠ 1792 Spalding's Hist. Troubles Scotl. (new ed.) I. 314 They referred thir leeted [c1650 (1850) listed] men with eiking, paring, or changing, to the next provincial assembly. 1994 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 7 June 2 It is also common practice for leeted candidates to be invited to visit the school in advance and members of selection panels are given training to equip them for their important role in the process. ˈleeting n. ΚΠ 1612 in Rec. Parl. Scotl. to 1707 (2007) 1612/10/69 To haue the fre leitting and electioun of thair said provest, deane of gild, baillies and thesaurar. 1700 G. Lockhart Representation to James Duke of Queensberry (single page) There has Creept in an Error in the practice of Elections, whereby the Merchants and Trades Halls are excluded both from Leiting and Electing of the Provost or the Bailies, or Choising the Council. 2009 Times Educ. Suppl. (Nexis) 27 Feb. 3 Legislation requires parental consultation on the person specification and involvement in leeting as well as representation on interviewing panels. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021). < n.1OEn.21292n.31590n.41742adj.n.51995v.1612 |
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