leaveningn.

Brit.

/ˈlɛvn̩ɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈlɛv(ə)nɪŋ/

Forms: see leaven v. and -ing suffix¹.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: leaven v., -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < leaven v. + -ing suffix¹.Attributive uses of the noun are sometimes difficult to distinguish from leavening adj. (compare the discussion a that entry).

1. The action of leaven v. (literal and figurative); an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparation of bread > [noun] > adding leaven

leavening1559

sponging1895

1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner Treasure of Euonymus 67 They terme thys preparacion diuersly and geue it sundrye names, digestion, leauening [L. fermentationem], putrifaction or rotening.

1584 T. Chaloner Shorte Disc. Nitre f. 13^v Nitre, hath bene vsed..in the leauening and seasoning of breade.

1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida i. i. 20 I the boulting; but you must tarry the leauening .

1692 W. Salmon tr. Hermes Trismegistus Tractatus Aureus xiii in Medicina Practica ii. 253/2 As is seen in the Levening of Bread; if you trouble the Mass of Meal and Water too soon, it will not be Levened.

1722 J. Blair Our Saviour's Divine Serm. on Mount II. i. 9 The corrupting Men with bad Notions and Principles, is called the Leavening or Souring of them.

1774 Rep. Comm. Methods making Flour 78 The Baker,..instead of using a sufficient Quantity of Yeast for the leavening of his Bread, mixes only a small Portion of it with Flour and Water.

1807 J. Sinclair Code Health & Longevity IV. 84 (note) Besides the well leavening of Bread or raising it with yeast, it must be made of the best grain.

1856 Friends' Rev. 6 Dec. 202/1 The services of these teachers will often be required in public and other schools, the result of which must be a leavening of the public mind.

1921 R. L. Archer Secondary Educ. in 19th Cent. viii. 204 It took some time before the gradual leavening of national thought resulted in producing a state of mind capable of devising and supporting a State system of post-elementary education.

1976 D. Storey Saville (1978) i. i. 9 He took the bread and was able to connect the various stages—the mixing, the leavening,..the final raising.

2013 K. Worpole Contemp. Libr. Archit. xii. 187/2 The conventional mythologies about libraries–as either settings for the leavening of working class life and culture, or as redoubts of the aspiring middle class and their children–are today redundant.

2. = leaven n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > substances for food preparation > [noun] > leaven or yeast

barmc1000

yeastc1000

sourdough1303

leaven1340

fermentc1420

God's good1469

quickening1573

rising1594

sizzing1594

leavening1626

kneading1638

emptying1650

yeast-cake1795

hametz1891

1626 F. Bacon New Atlantis 37 in Sylua Syluarum Breads we haue of seuerall Graines,..With diuerse kindes of Leauenings, and Seasonings.

1898 18th Ann. Rep. New Jersey State Agric. Exper. Station 1897 87 (heading) Changes in the Composition of Wheat and Buckwheat Flour Due to Added Leavening or Other Materials.

1911 G. T. Johnson Domestic Sci. (ed. 2) i. 13 Making pancake batter with sour milk and soda as leavening.

1959 A. H. McLintock Descr. Atlas N.Z. 73 There are few All Black teams..without a leavening of Maori players.

1976 Encycl. Brit. Micropædia IV. 195/1 The wide variety of wheat flours generally available includes..self-rising flour, refined and bleached with added leavening and salt.

2008 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 17 Dec. d1/3 Cold butter's ability to hold air is vital to creating what pastry chefs call structure—the framework of flour, butter, sugar, eggs and leavening that makes up most baked goods.

Compounds

General attributive, as leavening agent, leavening trough, etc.

ΚΠ

a1771 J. Bate New Transl. Pentateuch & Hist. Bks. Old Test. (1773) (Exod. viii. 3) They [sc. sting-flies] shall come up, and go into thy house,..and into thy leavening troughs.

1829 Christian Baptist (Va.) 5 May 230 He has treated the rebellious and refractory nation of the Jews as a woman would a bowl of meal set down by the fireside, with the leaven in it, and turned, and warmed, and tended, until the leavening process has commenced.

1878 R. T. Colburn Salt-eating Habit 11 The consumption of quantities of soda, potash and their various combinations under the name of ‘baking’ or leavening powders.

1882 W. R. S. Ralston tr. Tibetan Tales vi. 96 Halfway back he met a herd-girl, who was carrying a jug of curdled milk and a leavening pot.

1895 Argosy Nov. 129/1 In the crowd of boys waiting for their papers..one could almost fancy that some unseen hand had placed a leavening agent in the mass, which had caused it to effervesce.

a1944 G. W. Norris Fighting Liberal (1945) xxxviii. 406 There must be room in a successful democracy for differences of opinion. It is the true leavening process which produces the best flower of thought.

1981 Cook's Mag. Mar. 58/2 Flour is the most vital ingredient in quick breads other than the leavening agent.

2002 M. H. B. Sanderson Kindly Place? vii. 85 Girdles are usually listed with baking boards and baking cloths, and the leavening trough or tub.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

leaveningadj.

Brit.

/ˈlɛvn̩ɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈlɛv(ə)nɪŋ/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: leaven v., -ing suffix².

Etymology: < leaven v. + -ing suffix².This adjective is sometimes difficult to distinguish from attributive uses of leavening n. Uses in which the noun modified denotes an agent or process are now predominantly perceived as examples of the noun and therefore treated at that entry (compare e.g. leavening agent at leavening n. Compounds).

That leavens something (literal and figurative).

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > change to something else, transformation > [adjective] > transforming

transmuting1579

metamorphosing1607

transmutative1611

leavening1628

transmutatorya1631

transforminga1653

conversive1656

convertive1816

metamorphotic1826

transmutive1836

transfiguring1846

transmogrifying1851

permutating1852

transfigurating1871

transfigurative1899

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > chemical processes or reactions > [adjective] > fermentation > producing or causing

leavening1628

fermentive1656

zymogenic1884

zymogenetic1896

1628 J. Jackson Ecclesiastes vii. 29 True grace..is of a leavening and communicating nature.

1646 J. Clarke Leaven 36 Take heed of leavening seducers, they have an intoxicating cup to pervert, make giddy, and poyson your souls.

1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge 128 By..fermentation or bustle of the working or leavening particles.

1735 J. Besse Protestant Flail iii. 60 Blessed and happy are all who are made sensible of its [sc. Baptism's] leavening Power and Virtue!

1771 S. Fothergill Serm. 26 June 17 May you..witness its [sc. true Christianity] Leavening Virtue.., drawing you from the temper and defilements of the world..to serve the living God!

1840 Monthly Rev. Dec. 315 More or less of this leavening spirit is infused even into public life.

1872 Baptist Missionary Mag. Sept. 380/1 The aim of the missionary is to keep the leaven working,—to increase continually its leavening qualities.

1958 L. Ginsberg Let. 16 Apr. in A. Ginsberg & L. Ginsberg Family Business: Sel. Lett. (2001) 102 The B.G. [sc. Beat Generation] sees no leavening influences, no positive values in our modern times.

2013 C. Pramuk Hope sings, so Beautiful viii. 139 As a leavening presence within a domineering technical-economic culture, the church must [etc.].

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	leavening
释义	leaveningn. Brit. /ˈlɛvn̩ɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈlɛv(ə)nɪŋ/ Forms: see leaven v. and -ing suffix¹. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: leaven v., -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < leaven v. + -ing suffix¹.Attributive uses of the noun are sometimes difficult to distinguish from leavening adj. (compare the discussion a that entry). 1. The action of leaven v. (literal and figurative); an instance of this. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparation of bread > [noun] > adding leaven leavening1559 sponging1895 1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner Treasure of Euonymus 67 They terme thys preparacion diuersly and geue it sundrye names, digestion, leauening [L. fermentationem], putrifaction or rotening. 1584 T. Chaloner Shorte Disc. Nitre f. 13^v Nitre, hath bene vsed..in the leauening and seasoning of breade. 1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida i. i. 20 I the boulting; but you must tarry the leauening . View more context for this quotation 1692 W. Salmon tr. Hermes Trismegistus Tractatus Aureus xiii in Medicina Practica ii. 253/2 As is seen in the Levening of Bread; if you trouble the Mass of Meal and Water too soon, it will not be Levened. 1722 J. Blair Our Saviour's Divine Serm. on Mount II. i. 9 The corrupting Men with bad Notions and Principles, is called the Leavening or Souring of them. 1774 Rep. Comm. Methods making Flour 78 The Baker,..instead of using a sufficient Quantity of Yeast for the leavening of his Bread, mixes only a small Portion of it with Flour and Water. 1807 J. Sinclair Code Health & Longevity IV. 84 (note) Besides the well leavening of Bread or raising it with yeast, it must be made of the best grain. 1856 Friends' Rev. 6 Dec. 202/1 The services of these teachers will often be required in public and other schools, the result of which must be a leavening of the public mind. 1921 R. L. Archer Secondary Educ. in 19th Cent. viii. 204 It took some time before the gradual leavening of national thought resulted in producing a state of mind capable of devising and supporting a State system of post-elementary education. 1976 D. Storey Saville (1978) i. i. 9 He took the bread and was able to connect the various stages—the mixing, the leavening,..the final raising. 2013 K. Worpole Contemp. Libr. Archit. xii. 187/2 The conventional mythologies about libraries–as either settings for the leavening of working class life and culture, or as redoubts of the aspiring middle class and their children–are today redundant. 2. = leaven n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > substances for food preparation > [noun] > leaven or yeast barmc1000 yeastc1000 sourdough1303 leaven1340 fermentc1420 God's good1469 quickening1573 rising1594 sizzing1594 leavening1626 kneading1638 emptying1650 yeast-cake1795 hametz1891 1626 F. Bacon New Atlantis 37 in Sylua Syluarum Breads we haue of seuerall Graines,..With diuerse kindes of Leauenings, and Seasonings. 1898 18th Ann. Rep. New Jersey State Agric. Exper. Station 1897 87 (heading) Changes in the Composition of Wheat and Buckwheat Flour Due to Added Leavening or Other Materials. 1911 G. T. Johnson Domestic Sci. (ed. 2) i. 13 Making pancake batter with sour milk and soda as leavening. 1959 A. H. McLintock Descr. Atlas N.Z. 73 There are few All Black teams..without a leavening of Maori players. 1976 Encycl. Brit. Micropædia IV. 195/1 The wide variety of wheat flours generally available includes..self-rising flour, refined and bleached with added leavening and salt. 2008 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 17 Dec. d1/3 Cold butter's ability to hold air is vital to creating what pastry chefs call structure—the framework of flour, butter, sugar, eggs and leavening that makes up most baked goods. Compounds General attributive, as leavening agent, leavening trough, etc. ΚΠ a1771 J. Bate New Transl. Pentateuch & Hist. Bks. Old Test. (1773) (Exod. viii. 3) They [sc. sting-flies] shall come up, and go into thy house,..and into thy leavening troughs. 1829 Christian Baptist (Va.) 5 May 230 He has treated the rebellious and refractory nation of the Jews as a woman would a bowl of meal set down by the fireside, with the leaven in it, and turned, and warmed, and tended, until the leavening process has commenced. 1878 R. T. Colburn Salt-eating Habit 11 The consumption of quantities of soda, potash and their various combinations under the name of ‘baking’ or leavening powders. 1882 W. R. S. Ralston tr. Tibetan Tales vi. 96 Halfway back he met a herd-girl, who was carrying a jug of curdled milk and a leavening pot. 1895 Argosy Nov. 129/1 In the crowd of boys waiting for their papers..one could almost fancy that some unseen hand had placed a leavening agent in the mass, which had caused it to effervesce. a1944 G. W. Norris Fighting Liberal (1945) xxxviii. 406 There must be room in a successful democracy for differences of opinion. It is the true leavening process which produces the best flower of thought. 1981 Cook's Mag. Mar. 58/2 Flour is the most vital ingredient in quick breads other than the leavening agent. 2002 M. H. B. Sanderson Kindly Place? vii. 85 Girdles are usually listed with baking boards and baking cloths, and the leavening trough or tub. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). leaveningadj. Brit. /ˈlɛvn̩ɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈlɛv(ə)nɪŋ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: leaven v., -ing suffix². Etymology: < leaven v. + -ing suffix².This adjective is sometimes difficult to distinguish from attributive uses of leavening n. Uses in which the noun modified denotes an agent or process are now predominantly perceived as examples of the noun and therefore treated at that entry (compare e.g. leavening agent at leavening n. Compounds). That leavens something (literal and figurative). ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > change to something else, transformation > [adjective] > transforming transmuting1579 metamorphosing1607 transmutative1611 leavening1628 transmutatorya1631 transforminga1653 conversive1656 convertive1816 metamorphotic1826 transmutive1836 transfiguring1846 transmogrifying1851 permutating1852 transfigurating1871 transfigurative1899 the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > chemical processes or reactions > [adjective] > fermentation > producing or causing leavening1628 fermentive1656 zymogenic1884 zymogenetic1896 1628 J. Jackson Ecclesiastes vii. 29 True grace..is of a leavening and communicating nature. 1646 J. Clarke Leaven 36 Take heed of leavening seducers, they have an intoxicating cup to pervert, make giddy, and poyson your souls. 1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge 128 By..fermentation or bustle of the working or leavening particles. 1735 J. Besse Protestant Flail iii. 60 Blessed and happy are all who are made sensible of its [sc. Baptism's] leavening Power and Virtue! 1771 S. Fothergill Serm. 26 June 17 May you..witness its [sc. true Christianity] Leavening Virtue.., drawing you from the temper and defilements of the world..to serve the living God! 1840 Monthly Rev. Dec. 315 More or less of this leavening spirit is infused even into public life. 1872 Baptist Missionary Mag. Sept. 380/1 The aim of the missionary is to keep the leaven working,—to increase continually its leavening qualities. 1958 L. Ginsberg Let. 16 Apr. in A. Ginsberg & L. Ginsberg Family Business: Sel. Lett. (2001) 102 The B.G. [sc. Beat Generation] sees no leavening influences, no positive values in our modern times. 2013 C. Pramuk Hope sings, so Beautiful viii. 139 As a leavening presence within a domineering technical-economic culture, the church must [etc.]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1559adj.1628
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