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lightern.1 Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: light v.1, -er suffix1. Etymology: < light v.1 (compare sense 3 at that entry) + -er suffix1.Compare Dutch lichter (1532 in this sense; in Middle Dutch only in the senses ‘crane’ and ‘coffin’), Middle Low German lüchter (German regional (Low German) Lichter > German Leichter (early 17th cent.)), and also Middle Low German lichtskip . With the β. forms perhaps compare -or suffix. society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel of specific construction or shape > flat-bottomed boat > [noun] > lighter 1372–4 in N. H. Nicolas (1847) II. 479 [For a certain] lyghter [hired from the Tower to Billingsgate, to carry pipes to a certain ship, 3s. 4d.] 1429–30 in H. Littlehales (1905) 74 (MED) For ledyng awey of Robys in a lyghtere, xvj d. 1545 in R. G. Marsden (1894) I. 137 Suche goodes wares or merchandises which is [laden] into any suche lyghter or lyghters to thintent to cary the same..from land aborde any shyppe or from borde any shippe to land. 1634 W. Wood i. x. 43 These flatts make it unnavigable for shippes, yet at high water great Boates, Loiters, and Pinnaces of 20, and 30 tun, may saile up to the plantation. 1776 A. Smith II. v. i. 331 The lighters which sail upon a navigable canal. 1925 C. Wells ii. 9 As soon as the boat anchored great lighters full of coal came alongside and the vessel. 2017 (Nexis) 9 Dec. 14 I'm looking instead at a marine parking lot, a flotilla of bulk carriers, container ships, lighters, scows and barges. Compounds1464 in R. R. Sharpe (1912) L. 46 Salt or any other manere vitaill that dischargith by lighter bote or any other vessell [etc.]. 2017 (Nexis) 29 Nov. Lighter barges would moor up outside and unload, after having carried goods up the canal from ships at Topsham. 1559–60 Treasurers' Accts. in J. Webb (1996) 36 Item, payd for one lighter lode of stones, xljs. vjd. qua. 1722 D. Defoe 112 Lighter-builders [were] idle, and laid by. 1891 30 Oct. 2/6 Lighter Masters should be licensed and their lighters examined as to their fitness. 1916 Bonny Lighter-boy in C. J. Sharp 112 It's of a brisk young sailor lad... He's my bonny lighter-boy. 2014 9 June a7/4 Ladd needed the steamboat for lighter service (carrying cotton and goods from the shallow water to the deep water). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021). lightern.2 Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: light v.2, -er suffix1. Etymology: < light v.2 + -er suffix1. Compare lightener n.1Compare Middle Dutch lichtere, luchtere person who enlightens others spiritually, lamp, torch, candelabrum (Dutch lichter candelabrum), Middle Low German lüchter candelabrum, Middle High German liehter, liuhtǣre lamp, person who enlightens others spiritually, exemplary person (German Leuchter candelabrum, (now rare) person who carries a lamp or torch). the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > candle > [noun] > one who lights or carries c1400 Omnis Plantacio (Egerton) l. 2613 in (2001) 127 Þei [sc. prestis and dekenes] liȝtide þe peple bi hooli ensaumple and trewe doctrine... And so þese ben clepid liȝters. c1560 T. Becon sig. J.vii A Lighter and carier of Candels. 1681 N. Blake 31 Ye have lost the company of a Saint, the labours of a painful Minister, a lighter of your Candle. 1865 3 June 378/1 The lighter of the fire would stand a poor chance of escape. 1885 3 Nov. 4/2 The display [of fireworks]..costs about £300. Twelve lighters are stationed at different points, and obey the signal at the same moment. 1998 31 Jan. d14 Tulip is a brilliant liar, a player of tricks..and a lighter of fires. 2. society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > material for igniting > [noun] > match, spill, or taper for lighting 1828 T. Creevey Let. 25 Nov. in H. Maxwell (1904) II. 190 My own escritoire in a recess with paper lighters before me of all colours. 1851 J. H. Newman 247 He evidently thinks there is something religious about this lighter and extinguisher. 1856 E. B. Browning viii. 330 This..letter, which Sir Blaise Has twisted to a lighter..To fire some holy taper. 1931 1 Jan. Swiftly upon its appearance the match displaced the tinderbox and the twisted paper lighter. society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > material for igniting > [noun] > mechanical device the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > smoking > articles or materials used in smoking > [noun] > thing which may be smoked > cigarette > lighter 1875 1 May 275/2 The lamp-lighting device..is called ‘the electro-catalytic lamp lighter’... It resembles..the well known Döbereiner apparatus. 1895 Spring & Summer 554/2 There are two lighters, to be used with alcohol. 1913 R. Kipling (1917) 274 He smelt of rare soaps and cigarettes—such cigarettes as he handed me from a golden box with an automatic lighter. 1959 19 Sept. 354/2 The pipe had an aircooled aluminium stem, the lighter was butane-fuelled and had a Cadillac ‘V’ on the side. 1974 M. Gilbert xii. 102 ‘You haven't got a cigarette by any chance?’..Patrick got out his case. The girl..took one, and got out her own lighter. 2017 M. W. Sexton 183 T.C. already had one rolled, and he pulled it out, flicked the lighter over its end, inhaled, closed his eyes. Compounds C1. 1927 26 May 28/1 (advt.) Use Douglass Lighter Fluid; just the right grade. 1955 W. Gaddis ii. i. 317 Setting fire to his hand dipped in lighter fluid. 1994 (Nexis) 5 July Inhaled butane gas from a tube of lighter fluid and drunk bourbon at the party. 1996 23 Jan. (Wisconsin Briefing section) 3 b He said he was filling his cigarette lighter and spilled some lighter fluid on his chest. 2018 (Nexis) 26 May Never pour an accelerant such as lighter fluid or gasoline on the grill. 1895 20 June 4/9 I was tempted to put lighter fuel under it and apply a match, but I dared not. 1947 ‘N. Blake’ ii. 47 A thin cylindrical object..rather like a lighter-fuel container. 1960 ‘H. Carmichael’ xix. 157 There had been a stain on the sleeve..and he had removed it with lighter fuel. 2018 (Nexis) 10 May His [sc. Sherlock the dog's] extraordinary nose can detect the presence of lighter fuel or other inflammatory liquids used by arsonists, a year after they were used. the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrical appliances or devices > [noun] > socket 1946 23 Feb. 15/7 (advt.) The latest roadside trouble lamp plugs into cigar lighter socket.] 1946 2 Aug. ii. 1/1 (advt.) A fifteen candle power trouble lamp with a twelve foot cord, that plugs into your lighter socket and gives you ample light where you want it. 2017 (Nexis) 29 July 16 The one essential I've learned to carry is a phone charger with an adapter that plugs into the lighter socket. C2. society > travel > rail travel > railway worker > [noun] > one who lights or removes fire 1847 11 Sept. 499/2 It seems only to have wanted the first fire, and the future lighter up of the flame to stand his ground till the ignition had taken place. 1863 186/1 The ‘lighter-up’ lighted the fire for the purpose of getting up steam. 1873 18 Feb. 4/1 To caution all the ‘lighters-up’..in future to look inside the furnaces before they put red-hot coke into them. 1931 6 May 372/2 The ‘lighter-up’ coming in at 6.30a.m. has the furnaces at working temperature when the forge-men start at 7.30. 2015 D. Barnett (e-book ed.) xxiii. They would light up engines from cold and attend to the fires of locos in steam... Each lighter up worked one shift. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022). lighterv. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: lighter n.1 Etymology: < lighter n.1In form littered (compare quot. 1677) perhaps showing a misprint for litered. society > travel > travel by water > transportation by water > transport by water [verb (transitive)] > unload or tranship by lighter 1677 A. Yarranton 152 The goods are littered to and from the Ships. 1767 9 The expence of lodging or lightering bulky goods. 1861 S. Smiles II. 195 Their cargoes were lightered to the warehouses higher up the Thames. 1885 30 739 Our effects..were lightered ashore by means of the Indian canoes. 1885 79 143/2 A standing agreement..that he should not lighter as a common carrier. 1924 8 Apr. 19/1 The cargo of vessels impeded is lightered until the vessels are high enough out of the water to proceed. 2018 (Nexis) 30 May Cargo is lightered to reduce a vessel's draft,..to allow for travel in shallower water. Derivatives society > travel > travel by water > transportation by water > [noun] > loading, unloading, or ferrying by lighter 1785 112 The different branches of the corn trade, respecting both the buying, lightering, and shipping, of the different articles. 1840 18 Would not that very considerably increase the expense of your lightering? 1858 T. Dalton in 5 337 The lightering to ships in the roads is done..by American..brigs. 1924 24 Nov. (Royal ed.) 21/6 The [stranded] British steamer Maresfield..has been refloated after the lightering of about 500 tons of cargo. 2018 (Nexis) 12 June Lightering of cargoes from mother vessels partially resumed at the outer anchorage of the Chittagong Port. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021). < |
