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单词 lilac
释义

lilacn.

Brit. /ˈlʌɪlək/, U.S. /ˈlaɪˌlɑk/, /ˈlaɪlək/
Forms: 1600s lelack(e, 1600s–1700s (1800s) lilach, 1700s–1800s (now chiefly dialect or U.S.) laylock, (1800s layloc, U.S. vulgar lalock), 1700s lylac, 1600s– lilac.
Etymology: < French lilac (Cotgrave; now lilas), < Spanish lilac, < Arabic līlāk, apparently < Persian līlak, variant of nīlak bluish, < Persian nīl blue, indigo (Sanskrit nīla, Hindi līl); compare various Persian words for indigo, līlah, līlanj, etc., which have parallel forms with initial n. Other forms are Portuguese lilaz (from Spanish or Arabic), Turkish leilaq (whence possibly the early 17th cent. lelacke, modern laylock.
1.
a. A shrub, Syringa vulgaris, cultivated for its fragrant blossoms, which are of a pale pinkish violet colour; a variety has white blossoms. Also, the flower of this shrub.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > cultivated or ornamental trees and shrubs > [noun] > lilac and allied trees
blue pipe1597
lilac1625
lilac-tree1625
pipe tree1629
Persian jasmine1640
Persian lilac1640
Rouen lilac1838
1625 [see lilac-tree n. at Compounds 1].
1658 Sir T. Browne Garden of Cyrus iii, in Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall 128 The Autumnal budds..making little Rhombuses, and network figures, as in the Sycamore and Lilac.
1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 79 in Sylva Plant Roses..Lilac, Syringas.
1763 Brit. Mag. 4 605 And gather'd laylocks perish, as they blow.
1777 T. Warton Ode 1st Apr. 25 The lilac hangs to view Its bursting gems in clusters blue.
1844 Lady G. C. Fullerton Ellen Middleton (1854) II. xii. 69 A large nosegay of lilacs and seringa.
1860 O. W. Holmes Professor at Breakfast-table ii. 52 Lalocks flowered late.
1865 Ld. Tennyson On a Mourner ii Nature..makes the purple lilac ripe.
1881 W. Besant & J. Rice Chaplain of Fleet I. i. 3 The yellow laburnum, and the laylock were at their best.
b. Applied to other species of Syringa (see quots.).
ΚΠ
1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville Theory & Pract. Gardening 28 Rose-Trees, Honey-suckles, Persian Lilachs, &c.
1842 Penny Cycl. XXIII. 478/2 Syringa Josikea, Josika's lilac..is a native of Transylvania, and was discovered by the Baroness von Josika, after whom it was named by Jacquin. S. Chinensis, Chinese lilac... In characters it is intermediate between S. vulgaris and S. Persica, and agrees with a hybrid plant produced at Rouen by M. Vain, and called S. Rotomagensis, the Rouen lilac.
1856 ‘E. S. Delamer’ Flower Garden 124 S. Persica, the Persian Lilac, is a smaller and slenderer shrub, with looser, more drooping heads of flowers, more aromatically perfumed. This also has a white variety.
c. Applied to plants of other genera (see quots.).
ΚΠ
1839 Penny Cycl. XV. 80/1 Melia Azedarak, sometimes called Persian Lilac, Pride of India, and Common Bead~tree.
1860 G. Bennett Gatherings of Naturalist in Austral. xvii. 326 The White Cedar-tree, or Australian Lilac (Melia Australis).
1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 681/2 African Lilac, Melia Azedarach. Australian Lilac, a name used by the settlers for Hardenbergia monophylla; also Prostanthera violacea. Indian Lilac, Melia semperflorens.
1881 J. S. Gamble Man. Indian Timbers 70 Melia Azedarach, Linn... The Persian Lilac.
1898 E. E. Morris Austral Eng. Lilac, name given in Australia to the tree Melia composita..called Cape Lilac. It is not endemic in Australia, and is called ‘Persian Lilac’ in India. In Tasmania the name of Native Lilac is given to Prostanthera rotundifolia.
2.
a. The colour of lilac blossom.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > purple or purpleness > [noun] > light purple
gridelinc1640
lilac1791
1791 W. Hamilton tr. C.-L. Berthollet Elements Art of Dyeing II. ii. iii. xi. 258 The colour was more or less inclined to red, from lilac to violet.
1796 J. G. Stedman Narr. Exped. Surinam II. xvii. 32 The breast [of the paroquet] is of a leaden hue, the belly lilac.
1816 Countess of Hardwicke in Two Noble Lives I. 53 Elizabeth wore white and silver, I wore layloc and silver.
1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess ii. 24 She brought us Academic silks, in hue The lilac.
b. attributive passing into adj. Of the colour of lilac blossom.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > purple or purpleness > [adjective] > light purple
gridelin1652
lilac-coloured1766
lilac1804
lilac-tinted1849
lilaceous1855
lilacky1863
lilac-purple1882
1804 M. Edgeworth Contrast i, in Pop. Tales III. 13 It will spoil my new lilac ribbons.
1854 C. Patmore Betrothal x, in Angel in House I. 149 The little lilac glove.
1864 Ld. Tennyson Grandmother xv, in Enoch Arden, etc. 121 So Willy and I were wedded: I wore a lilac gown.
1882 Garden 1 Apr. 210/1 A beautiful alpine Crowfoot, with delicate lilac flowers.
c. The scent of lilac, esp. as used in cosmetics, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fragrance > [noun] > fragrant substance or perfume > specifically
ewrosec1350
stacte1382
oil of rosesa1398
rose watera1398
sandalc1400
musk?a1425
damask water?1520
malabathrum1543
orris1545
civet1553
ambracan1555
rose cake1559
lavender-water1563
oil of spikenard1565
zibet1594
orange-flower water1595
orris powder?1600
spike-oil1611
angel water1634
cypress-powder1634
angelica1653
jasmine1670
jessamy1671
rosat1674
frangipane1676
marechale1676
orangery1676
tuberose1682
jasmine-water1750
otto1759
rose geranium1773
millefleurs1775
new-mown hay1789
attar1798
eau-de-Cologne1802
Cologne1814
dedes1817
eau de Portugal1825
verbena1837
rondeletia1838
bay-rum1840
Florida water1840
citronelle1841
patchouli1843
citronella1849
gardenia1851
sandalwood oil1851
Ess Bouquet1855
marmala water1857
mignonette1858
spikenard oil1861
sandalwood1865
serpolet1866
ylang-ylang1876
flower-water1886
lily1890
lilac1895
stephanotis1895
tea rose1897
chypre1898
Peau d'Espagne1898
violette de Parme1904
poppy1905
Parma violet1907
wallflower1907
1895 Montgomery Ward Catal. Spring & Summer 259/3 Perfumes... White Lilac.
1898 Illustr. London News 1 Jan. 34 (advt.) Lance Perfumes..acacia, violet, lilac..price one shilling.
c1938 Fortnum & Mason Price List 54/1 Soaps..Lilac.
1951 A. Langenbach Wines Germany xxviii. 126 The finest Rheingau growths..have a delicious lilac-like bouquet.
1972 Guardian 22 Aug. 9/4 Jackson's have revived the floral perfumes... The current range comprises sweetpea..purple lilac, and jonquil.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
lilac-ambush n.
ΚΠ
1842 Ld. Tennyson Gardener's Daughter in Poems (new ed.) II. 24 This, yielding, gave into a grassy walk Thro' crowded lilac-ambush trimly pruned.
lilac-blossom n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > cultivated or ornamental trees and shrubs > [noun] > lilac and allied trees > flower of
prince's feather1818
lilac-blossom1891
1891 O. Wilde Picture of Dorian Gray ii. 30 Lord Henry..found Dorian Gray burying his face in the great cool lilac-blossoms.
1974 A. Goddard Vienna Pursuit iii. 115 Some lilac blossom had been blown..across the pavement.
lilac-bush n.
ΚΠ
1862 J. R. Lowell Biglow Papers 2nd Ser. vi. 87 The catbird in the laylock-bush is loud.
lilac-flower n.
ΚΠ
1830 Lady's Mag. Oct. 219 Large plumes of the lilac flower, and likewise bunches of lilies of the valley are so arranged.
lilac-shade n.
ΚΠ
1849 M. Arnold Mod. Sappho i Nothing stirs on the lawn but the quick lilac-shade.
lilac-time n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > cultivated or ornamental trees and shrubs > [noun] > lilac and allied trees > season when lilacs are in flower
lilac-time1906
1906 W. Robinson Eng. Flower Garden (ed. 10) 881/1 To have a good Lilac-time it is essential to have the newer varieties raised in France.
1910 A. Noyes Barrel Organ in Coll. Poems I. 129 Go down to Kew in lilac-time (it isn't far from London!).
lilac-tree n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > cultivated or ornamental trees and shrubs > [noun] > lilac and allied trees
blue pipe1597
lilac1625
lilac-tree1625
pipe tree1629
Persian jasmine1640
Persian lilac1640
Rouen lilac1838
1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 269 The Lelacke Tree.
1650 Surv. Nonsuch Palace, Archæol. V. 434 A fountaine of white marble..set round with six trees called lelack trees.
C2. Qualifying the names of colours.
lilac-blue adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > blue or blueness > [adjective] > purplish blue
hyacinthine1656
violaceous1657
violaceana1711
lilac-blue1851
hyacinthian1858
hyacinth1876
lavender1882
violet blue1882
1851 B'ham & Midl. Gardener's Mag. May 52 Bunches of delicate lilac-blue..flowers.
lilac-grey adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > grey or greyness > [adjective] > pinkish or purplish grey
columbinec1420
columbe1561
dove-colour1598
dove-coloured1727
lavender-grey1834
lilac-grey1880
dove1895
pinko-grey1953
1880 W. Black White Wings xx The silent, glassy, lilac-grey sea.
lilac-mauve adj.
lilac-pink adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > [adjective] > pale red or pink
incarnatea1533
fleshy1555
incarnation1562
pallet1565
peach1583
bepurfurate1584
blush1597
carnation1598
peachy1599
peach-coloured1600
pink-coloured1600
incarnadine1605
pink1607
blush-coloured1626
blushy1626
gridelin1652
carnationeda1658
pinky1661
carneous1673
peach blossom1702
flesh-coloured1703
flesh-colour1711
mushroom-coloured1770
salmon-coloured1776
pinkish1785
salmon1786
blush-tinted1818
flesh-red1819
naturelle1873
flesh-pink1882
lilac-pink1882
pinksome1913
nude1922
magnolia-pink1931
salmony1935
magnolia1963
1882 Garden 7 Oct. 307/3 Pelargoniums..Lady Sheffield, lilac-pink.
lilac-purple adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > purple or purpleness > [adjective] > light purple
gridelin1652
lilac-coloured1766
lilac1804
lilac-tinted1849
lilaceous1855
lilacky1863
lilac-purple1882
1882 Garden 1 Apr. 223/2 A compact rosette of a rich lilac-purple.
C3. Parasynthetic.
lilac-coloured adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > purple or purpleness > [adjective] > light purple
gridelin1652
lilac-coloured1766
lilac1804
lilac-tinted1849
lilaceous1855
lilacky1863
lilac-purple1882
1766 T. Amory Life John Buncle II. x. 346 You must write with this lilach-coloured liquor.
lilac-headed adj.
ΚΠ
1802 Barrington's Hist. New S. Wales ix. 344 The beautiful lilac-headed parroquet.
lilac-tinted adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > purple or purpleness > [adjective] > light purple
gridelin1652
lilac-coloured1766
lilac1804
lilac-tinted1849
lilaceous1855
lilacky1863
lilac-purple1882
1849–52 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. IV. i. 126/2 Lilac-tinted spots.
C4.
lilac-breasted roller n. Coracias caudata, a bird found in the southern half of Africa.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Coraciiformes (kingfisher, etc.) > [noun] > family Coraciidae > member of genus Coracias
roller1809
lilac-breasted roller1908
1908 A. K. Haagner & R. H. Ivy Sketches S. Afr. Bird-life 29 The beautiful Lilac-breasted Roller (C[oracias] caudatus) is green, blue and brown, with the breast of a purplish-lilac tinge with white shaft-streaks, and the abdomen blue... This bird is not uncommon in the Transvaal bushveld.
1947 J. Stevenson-Hamilton Wild Life S. Afr. xxxiv. 293 The bright plumage..of the lilac-breasted roller.
1971 Country Life 28 Oct. 1126/2 [In Ethiopia] I first saw those gorgeously-coloured birds, the lilac-breasted rollers.
lilac moth n. (see quot.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > unspecified and miscellaneous types > miscellaneous types
high-flyer?1749
nonpareil1749
porphyry1819
satin carpet1819
satin pygmy1828
scopolian1829
chalk carpet1832
sieve lackey1832
sprawler1832
tissue1832
treble bar1832
treble gold stripe1832
vesper-beauty1832
viburnian1832
yellowhead1832
flame carpet1862
sting-moth1863
lilac moth1868
luna-moth1869
melon-caterpillar1884
wood-nymph1885
unicorn-moth1891
geometer moth1897
the suspected1908
porina1929
tomato pinworm1931
mopane worm1966
1868 J. G. Wood Homes without Hands xiv. 296 The little chocolate-coloured moth called the Lilac Moth (Lazotænia ribeana).
lilac-tide n. the time when lilac is in bloom.Apparently an isolated use.
ΚΠ
1765 H. Walpole Let. to Earl of Hertford 12 May Though in all the bloom of my passion, lilac-tide, I have not been at Strawberry this fortnight.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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