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单词 lit
释义

litn.1

Brit. /lɪt/, U.S. /lɪt/
Forms: Middle English, 1600s, 1800s lit, Middle English litte, Middle English lyt, 1600s, 1800s litt.
Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse lit-r.
Etymology: < Old Norse lit-r colour, also countenance, corresponding etymologically to Old English and early Middle English wlite n.
Obsolete exc. dialect.
1. A colour, dye, hue; also, a stain.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > [noun] > a colour
bleec888
hue971
colourc1300
lita1325
tincture1477
tainture1490
taint1567
distain1581
complexion1597
tinct1604
tint1716
tinto1739
hwe-
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > [noun] > stained condition > stain
lita1325
pleckc1350
blotc1400
smodc1400
discolouring?a1425
spot?a1425
stain1583
denigration1641
discolouration1666
staddle1691
discolour1812
spang1839
blotting1842
suddle1861
staddle-stead1868
dabble1871
staddle-mark1876
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1968 In kides blod he wenten it, Ðo was ðor-on an rewli lit.
a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 39 Whittore þen þe moren-mylk, wiþ leofly lit on lere.
a1400–50 Alexander 4336 Nouthire to toly ne to taunde transmitte we na vebbis, To vermylion ne violett ne variant littis.
c1425 Wyntoun Cron. v. vii. 1381 Fayr and quhyt, but ony lyt.
1768 A. Ross in Whitelaw Bk. Sc. Song (1844) 361/1 A pair o' grey hoggers weil cluikit benew, Of nae other lit but the hue of the ewe.
1832 A. Henderson Sc. Prov. 128 It's like Pathhead lit—soon on, soon aff.
2. Dye-stuff; also, a batch of dyeing.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > colouring > colouring matter > [noun] > dye
dyec1000
lit13..
intinct1657
indigo1704
madder dye1755
madder-bath1816
13.. Childh. Jesus 677 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen 74 336 Bot we vs hame faste nowe hye Alle oure litte thane mone we tyne.
1457 Sc. Acts Jas. II (1814) II. 49/1 It is sene speidfull, þat lit be cryit vp, and vsyt as it was wont to be.
1612 Bk. Customs & Valuation in A. Halyburton Ledger (1867) 321 Litt, callit orchard litt, the barrell—xii li.
1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 432 It is excellent litt.
1822 S. Hibbert Descr. Shetland Islands 442 The Lichen tartareus yields a lit or dye, that was formerly an article of commercial notice.
1884 D. Grant Lays & Legends of North 4 The dyster..lost..a' his claith, His bowies, pots, an' lit.

Compounds

Categories »
C1. attributive and in other combinations, as lit-pot, lit-vat (see English Dial. Dict.).
C2.
lit-house n. = dye-house n.
ΚΠ
1662 in R. Pitcairn Criminal Trials Scotl. (1833) III. 605 [Confession] M. B. and I went in to A. Cumings litt-hows in Aulderne.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

lit.n.2adj.2

Brit. /lɪt/, U.S. /lɪt/
Forms: also Lit.
Etymology: Shortened < literature n., literary adj.
colloquial.
A. n.2
1. = literature n. Cf. Eng. Lit. n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > [noun]
writing1340
scripturea1382
scripturea1382
scrowsa1513
stuff1542
the republic of letters1677
belles-lettres1710
literature1711
the Muses1838
lit.1850
letters1916
1850 E. C. Gaskell Let. 25 Jan. (1966) 103 Mr Tom Taylor (the late Professor of Eng. Lit. in University College).
1870 ‘G. Eliot’ Let. 11 Feb. (1956) V. 77 The lentisc or mastich tree..figures both in Greek and Roman lit.
1946 L. Durrell Let. 20 Oct. in Spirit of Place (1969) 87 In Athens I am going to see Seferis and Katsimbalis and give modern lit a bashing with them.
1959 Observer 8 Mar. 22/2 Chadwick's opposition to tacking on ‘Lit’ to ‘Lang’, followed by his decision to leave the English Tripos.
1964 W. Markfield To Early Grave (1965) xii. 252 Perhaps if I should ever give a regional lit course.
1973 P. Geddes Ottawa Allegation xiii. 173 She..worked in publishing... She was into Canadian Lit. before he could draw breath.
1975 New Yorker 21 Apr. 103/3 You don't get much of that in Russian lit.
2. A literary student; (also) a literary magazine.
ΘΚΠ
society > education > learning > learner > college or university student > [noun] > specializing student > specific
lit.1895
society > communication > journalism > journal > periodical > [noun] > magazine > literary or artistic
review1705
Athenaeum1835
lit.1895
little magazine1895
little mag1907
1895 W. C. Gore in Inlander Nov. 64 Lit, literary student.
1900 Dial. Notes 2 45 Lit, n., the Literary Monthly, Quarterly, etc., a student publication.
1930 Eng. Jrnl. 19 632 Whatever wit or lightness of heart characterizes the magazines appears in the East; the Western ‘lits’ are in dead earnest.
1936 L. C. Douglas White Banners viii. 171 Naturally the ‘Lits’ began to view Professor Ward with a new respect.
B. adj.2
= literary adj. Also lit. crit.: literary criticism; lit. ed.: literary editor; lit. sup.: literary supplement.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > [adjective]
literalc1450
literate1558
bookish1567
paper1592
literary1605
literatory1652
belletristical1799
belletristic1821
belletrist1889
lit.1895
written1909
society > leisure > the arts > literature > literary world > [adjective]
literary1729
lit.1895
society > communication > journalism > journalist > editor of journal or newspaper > [noun] > literary editor
literary editor1801
lit. ed.1932
society > leisure > the arts > literature > literary and textual criticism > literary criticism > [noun]
historical criticism1658
literary criticism1751
lit. crit.1963
1895 W. B. Yeats Let. 20 Jan. (1954) ii. 245 Not one word was said about the Irish Lit Society and Prof Dowden expressed scorn for the Irish Lit movement.
1932 H. Nicolson Diary 19 Oct. (1966) 122 Kingsley Martin..wants me to become the literary editor... But I..could not expect to make more than £1,000 a year as Lit. Ed.
1932 V. Woolf Let. in K. Martin Editor (1968) i. 30 I used to try to write regularly for The Times Lit. Sup.
1935 N. Mitchison We have been Warned iv. 437 He showed her his reviews... The Lit. Sup. had been dull, the New Statesman annoying.
1962 M. Drabble Summer Bird-cage xi. 206 ‘I could have guessed that from his books. They lack compassion.’ ‘How beautifully, how lit. critically you put it.’
1963 ‘N. Blake’ Deadly Joker ii. 33 The Americans had..begun to make an industry of lit. crit.
1968 Lebende Sprachen 13 110/2 Jet-age litcrit.
1968 ‘E. McGirr’ Lead-lined Coffin ii. 44 Rostron sat making derisive noises over the Sunday lit. sups.
1973 Times Lit. Suppl. 6 Apr. 401/5 The refingered worry-beads of lit-crit jargon.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1976; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

litadj.1

Brit. /lɪt/, U.S. /lɪt/
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: English lit , light v.2
Etymology: < lit, past participle of light v.2 Compare earlier lighted adj.
1. Kindled, ignited; burning; (of electrically operated lights, etc.) switched on. Also figurative.Recorded earliest in well-lit adj.
ΚΠ
1729 E. Hawker Country-wedding 6 Like well-lit Marrow-Bones, I fry, I burn!
1800 Observer 3 Aug. The great Cotton Mil..has been totally destroyed by fire, supposed to have been occasioned..by a lit candle falling amongst the hurds.
1865 A. C. Swinburne Atalanta in Calydon 1928 My lit eyes Flame with the falling fire that leaves his lids Bloodless.
1936 R. Campbell Mithraic Emblems 18 My own lit heart, its rays of fire.
1973 I. Horovitz Cappella l. 112 The mansion faced him, almost dark but for the single small lit bulb in the top-floor corridor.
2015 Duluth (Minnesota) News-Tribune (Nexis) 5 Nov. He poured gasoline through a window..then threw a lit match into the building.
2. Illuminated; supplied with light.Frequently with modifying adverb, as brightly, dimly, etc., or with modifying word, as red-lit, sun-lit, etc. (see first element).Recorded earliest in moonlit adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > illumination > [adjective] > illuminated or lit up
lightc1300
lightedc1450
illuminate?a1475
circumfulseda1513
illustrate1526
in light1534
lighted1596
illightened1609
enlightened1640
unblown1647
luminated1652
illuminated1664
lit1783
alight1817
lit-up1835
littena1849
light-struck1923
1783 in H. Meziere Elmar & Ethlinda 56 Along the moon-lit shore,—a dreary waste,—no peaceful Indian watch'd her rising orb.
1820 P. B. Shelley Cloud in Prometheus Unbound 198 When sunset may breathe, from the lit sea beneath, Its ardours of rest and of love.
1883 R. Broughton Belinda (1984) 173 Reclining in mirthful ease in a comfortable fauteuil in the lit theatre, beside a beautiful, strange, fond woman.
1948 ‘R. Crompton’ Family Roundabout xvii. 253 Standing there with him in the brightly lit room..she felt herself swept up on a wave of exultant happiness.
2001 BBC Wildlife Sept. 9/2 Green lacewings..are among the insects drawn to lit windows and often find their way indoors.
3. slang. Drunk, intoxicated; under the influence of alcohol or drugs.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > effects of drugs > [adjective]
intoxicated1576
drunk1585
besotted1831
drugged1871
dopey1896
doped1903
piped1906
lit1912
loaded1923
high1932
polluted1938
stone1945
straight1946
impaired1951
on the nod1951
buzzed1952
stoned1953
hung1958
strung out1959
zonked1959
shot1964
out of (also off) one's bird1966
ripped1966
wiped1966
amped1967
tanked1968
wrecked1968
whacked out1969
wired1970
jagged1973
funked up1976
annihilated1980
junked out1982
obliterated1984
caned1992
wankered1992
twatted1993
the world > food and drink > drink > thirst > excess in drinking > [adjective] > drunk
fordrunkenc897
drunkena1050
cup-shottenc1330
drunka1400
inebriate1497
overseenc1500
liquor1509
fou1535
nase?1536
full1554
intoxicate1554
tippled1564
intoxicated1576
pepst1577
overflown1579
whip-cat1582
pottical1586
cup-shota1593
fox-drunk1592
lion-drunk1592
nappy1592
sack-sopped1593
in drink1598
disguiseda1600
drink-drowned1600
daggeda1605
pot-shotten1604
tap-shackled1604
high1607
bumpsy1611
foxed1611
in one's cups1611
liquored1611
love-pot1611
pot-sick1611
whift1611
owl-eyed1613
fapa1616
hota1616
inebriated1615
reeling ripea1616
in one's (or the) pots1618
scratched1622
high-flown?1624
pot-shot1627
temulentive1628
ebrious1629
temulent1629
jug-bitten1630
pot-shaken1630
toxed1635
bene-bowsiea1637
swilled1637
paid1638
soaken1651
temulentious1652
flagonal1653
fuddled1656
cut1673
nazzy1673
concerned1678
whittled1694
suckey1699
well-oiled1701
tippeda1708
tow-row1709
wet1709
swash1711
strut1718
cocked1737
cockeyed1737
jagged1737
moon-eyed1737
rocky1737
soaked1737
soft1737
stewed1737
stiff1737
muckibus1756
groggy1770
muzzeda1788
muzzya1795
slewed1801
lumpy1810
lushy1811
pissed1812
blue1813
lush1819
malty1819
sprung1821
three sheets in the wind1821
obfuscated1822
moppy1823
ripe1823
mixed1825
queer1826
rosined1828
shot in the neck1830
tight1830
rummy1834
inebrious1837
mizzled1840
obflisticated1840
grogged1842
pickled1842
swizzled1843
hit under the wing1844
obfusticatedc1844
ebriate1847
pixilated1848
boozed1850
ploughed1853
squiffy?1855
buffy1858
elephant trunk1859
scammered1859
gassed1863
fly-blown1864
rotten1864
shot1864
ebriose1871
shicker1872
parlatic1877
miraculous1879
under the influence1879
ginned1881
shickered1883
boiled1886
mosy1887
to be loaded for bear(s)1888
squiffeda1890
loaded1890
oversparred1890
sozzled1892
tanked1893
orey-eyed1895
up the (also a) pole1897
woozy1897
toxic1899
polluted1900
lit-up1902
on (also upon) one's ear1903
pie-eyed1903
pifflicated1905
piped1906
spiflicated1906
jingled1908
skimished1908
tin hat1909
canned1910
pipped1911
lit1912
peloothered1914
molo1916
shick1916
zigzag1916
blotto1917
oiled-up1918
stung1919
stunned1919
bottled1922
potted1922
rotto1922
puggled1923
puggle1925
fried1926
crocked1927
fluthered1927
lubricated1927
whiffled1927
liquefied1928
steamed1929
mirackc1930
overshot1931
swacked1932
looped1934
stocious1937
whistled1938
sauced1939
mashed1942
plonked1943
stone1945
juiced1946
buzzed1952
jazzed1955
schnockered1955
honkers1957
skunked1958
bombed1959
zonked1959
bevvied1960
mokus1960
snockered1961
plotzed1962
over the limit1966
the worse for wear1966
wasted1968
wired1970
zoned1971
blasted1972
Brahms and Liszt?1972
funked up1976
trousered1977
motherless1980
tired and emotional1981
ratted1982
rat-arsed1984
wazzed1990
mullered1993
twatted1993
bollocksed1994
lashed1996
1912 D. R. Richberg In the Dark xii. 215 A good time here is like getting ‘lit’ in a church bazaar.
1939 M. Allingham Mr. Campion & Others i. ii. 37 Driving round the country with a topper over your eyes and a blanket round your neck at three o'clock in the morning... You must have been lit.
1943 B. Appel Dark Stain xiv. 305 He knew she was lit. She was smoking the sticks, the reefers, marihuana. He was worried about getting lit himself, breathing in the smoke.
2000 Slate Mag. (Nexis) 30 Aug. Probably the only thing more depressing than the possibility that Bush was totally lit that night is that he appears to be sober.
4. colloquial (originally U.S.). Amazing, impressive; fun, exciting.
ΚΠ
2009 @MidnightPR 11 July in twitter.com (accessed 28 Aug. 2019) The party is lit... Someone started howling when the DJ played Thriller... I'm ready to bust a move.
2018 New Musical Express (Nexis) 22 Jan. The music is lit.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2021).

litv.

Brit. /lɪt/, U.S. /lɪt/
Forms: Middle English lite(n, Middle English–1600s litte, Middle English lytt, lytyn, Middle English–1500s lytte, 1500s litt, 1800s let, 1600s–1800s lit.
Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse lita.
Etymology: < Old Norse lita, < lit-r : see lit n.1
Obsolete exc. dialect.
1. transitive. To colour, dye; to stain.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > colouring > colour [verb (transitive)]
dyea1000
huec1000
litc1230
coloura1325
paint?c1335
infecta1398
taint1471
recolour1566
becolour1567
tinct1594
colorate1599
colourize1611
tincture1616
tint1791
encolour1850
pigment1896
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > soil [verb (transitive)] > stain
mealeOE
litc1230
beblotc1374
depaintc1374
entachc1374
stain1382
tache1390
wem1398
molec1400
blob1429
blotc1440
imbruec1450
maculate?a1475
thorough-stain1593
commaculatec1616
stigmatizea1637
tattoo1774
staddle1828
bestain1869
c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 138 He liteð cruelte wið heow of rihtwisnesse.
13.. Childh. Jesus 657 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen 74 336 Thies clathis sente he hedire to mee For to litte thayme.
a1340 R. Rolle Psalter lxvii. 25 Þat þi fote be littid in blode.
a1400 Burgh Laws xx, in Sc. Stat. I Na man bot a burges sall by woll to lytt [L. ad tingendum] na clathe to mak na schere.
1496 Treat. Fysshynge wyth Angle in Bk. St. Albans (rev. ed.) sig. iiijv The wynges of the redde cocke hakyll and of the drake lyttyd yelow.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vii. x. 35 New sched blude littis thair armour cleyr.
1557–8 Act 4 & 5 Philip & Mary c. 5 §3 The Wooll [shall]..bee first dyed, litted and coulered withe the coulour blue.
1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem Table 107 Wooll to be littid may not be bocht, bot be Burgessis.
1683 G. Meriton York-shire Dial. (E.D.S. No. 76) 622 I heve some Garne to send with thee to Lit.
1818 G. Beattie John o' Arnha' (ed. 2) 15 Weel dy'd and litit through and through.
1841 R. W. Hamilton Nugæ Lit. 359 To let is to dye, but not in fast colours.
2. intransitive for reflexive. To blush deeply.
ΚΠ
1801 W. Beattie Fruits Time Parings 8 Wi' this my face began to lit.
a1886 D. Grant Sc. Stories (1888) 30 Her face littit scarlet.

Derivatives

lit adj.
ΚΠ
1897 Shetland News 28 Aug. 8/1 Wi' a hap o' Sibbie 's an' my muckle blue lit froke inunder her head an' shooders.
ˈlitted adj. dyed.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > colouring > dyeing > [adjective] > dyed
litted1483
browden1535
dyed1645
1483 Cath. Angl. 219/1 Littyd, jnfectus.
1820 J. Hogg in Whitelaw Bk. Sc. Song (1844) 509/2 Wi' littit brogues an' a', lassie, Wow but ye'll be vaunty!
1860 C. Innes Scotl. in Middle Ages viii. 237 A stone of litted wool.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.113..n.2adj.21850adj.11729v.c1230
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