Lord Lieutenantn.

Brit.

/ˌlɔːd lɛfˈtɛnənt/,

/ˌlɔːd ləfˈtɛnənt/, U.S.

/ˌlɔrd luˈtɛnənt/

Inflections: Plural lords-lieutenant, lord-lieutenants, lords-lieutenants.

Forms: see lord n. and lieutenant n.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: lord n., lieutenant n.

Etymology: < lord n. + lieutenant n.

†a. (The title of) an officer appointed by the Scottish Crown to act as its deputy or representative. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > holder of office > high officials of state > [noun] > Lord-lieutenant in Scotland

Lord Lieutenant1453

1453 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1844) I. 403 He wald noght find caucion and sourete that the lord Lievtenand suld hald ferme and stable quhat the said Ranald did.

1547 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 81 As salbe thocht expedient be my Lord Lieutennent.

1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Scotl. 513/1 in Chron. I Shortly after, there was a conuention of the Lordes at Striueling, where the Earle of Lennox was made lord Lieutenant of Scotlande.

b. (The title of) a representative of the British (formerly English) Crown in a county (or similar area). In early use referred to as Lieutenant of a county (see lieutenant n. 1c).Lord Lieutenants were first appointed under Henry VIII, in order to take over the military duties of sheriffs. In 1662 they were given full control of the militia; in 1871 these powers reverted to the Crown. Lord Lieutenants were formerly the head of the magistracy, and were typically peers. The position is now mainly ceremonial, and the chief responsibility is the organization of any royal visits to the county.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > holder of office > magistrate > chief magistrate of a district > [noun] > Lord Lieutenant of a county

Lord Lieutenant1548

1548 W. Patten Exped. Scotl. sig. A.i The lorde Gray of Wylton, lorde lieuetenaunt of Bolleyn, hygh Marshall of the armie, and Capitayn general of al the horsmen there.

1558 Anno Quarto et Quinto, Philippi & Mariae c. 3 sig. Biv The lorde Lieuetenaunt..during the time of any his or theyr commission, shal and may heare, order, & determine the same offences, by his or their discretions.

1604 J. Lecey Petition Apol. v. 22 When the Spanish Armado came with intention to inuade this Realme, our offers at Eely to the Lord North (then Lord Lieutenant in those partes)..were these.

1642 Declar. of Lords & Commons for Raising Forces 22 Dec. 7 The Lord Lievtenants..do nominate and appoint one experienced Souldier in every Regiment to be an Adjutor.

1671 E. Chamberlayne 2nd Pt. Present State of Eng. (ed. 2) 159 For furnishing Ammunition, and other Necessaries, the Lord Lieutenant..may levy every year one fourth part (if they judge it expedient) of each mans proportion in the Tax of 70000 l. a moneth upon the whole Kingdom.

1728 Stamford Mercury 29 Feb. 69 His Majesty has been pleased to appoint the Rt. Hon. Richard Lord Viscount Cobham, to be Lord-Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of the County of Bucks.

1789 tr. J. W. von Archenholz Picture of Eng. I. i. 27 The coal-merchant's candidate was elected in spite of all the interest of the lord lieutenant of the county, whose little credit became the subject of ridicule.

1839 Penny Cycl. XV. 216/1 From the reign of Philip and Mary the lords-lieutenants have had the charge, under the sovereign, of raising the militia in their respective counties.

1847 C. C. F. Greville Mem. (1885) III. xxiv. 65 At Court yesterday to make Lord Grey Lord-Lieutenant of Northumberland.

1962 W. O. Hart Hart's Introd. Law Local Govt. & Admin. ii. 64 With the disappearance of the militia the lord lieutenant has ceased to have a county force to command.

2011 Blackmore Vale Mag. (Nexis) 11 Nov. 38 The awards were presented by the Lord-Lieutenant for Dorset.

c. Any of various high-ranking officers of state in other countries and regions, often having the function of provincial governor, viceroy, etc. (sometimes representing or translating an analogous term in the language of that region).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > holder of office > high officials of state > [noun] > high state official in foreign country

constablea1375

chambellan1446

Lord Lieutenant1548

audiencer1586

audientiary1630

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke xxiv. f. clxxxiii There were kepers moreouer set there of the Lorde lieutenauntes [sc. Pilates] men.

1568 tr. Kinges Edict vpon Pacification of Realme sig. D. iii Red, proclaymed and published, with sounde of Trumpet.., by the Kings maiesties Heralds, assisting and being present the Lord Lieutenant ciuile and others.

1663 in Laws Barbados (1699) cclxv. 141 The Right Honourable Francis Lord Willoughby of Parham, Lord Lieutenant General of the Province of Carliola, and Governour of Barbados.

1700 G. Booth tr. Diodorus Siculus Hist. Libr. i. vi. 38 The whole Land of Egypt is divided into several Parts, which the Greeks call Nomoi, over every one of which is appointed a Lord Lieutenant or Provincial Governor.

1823 R. Roy Appeal to King in Council in Eng. Wks. (1906) 465 The wise and virtuous among them [sc. the Mogul Princes], always employed two intelligencers at the residence of their Nawabs or Lord Lieutenants.

1884 E. Schuyler Peter the Great I. 126 An embassy was sent to Stockholm, consisting of the Okólnitchy and Lord-Lieutenant of Tcheboksáry, Ivan Prontchístchef.., and Lord-Lieutenant of Borófsk, Peter Prontchístchef.

1918 Nation (N.Y.) 13 July 38/2 In place of the old-fashioned conservative Swedish Constitution, Finland was indeed given the freest and most liberal Constitution in the world... This meant nothing, however, as the final word rested with the all-powerful Lord Lieutenant.

1997 D. Griffiths tr. A. B. Kamenskii Russ. Empire in Eighteenth Cent. 269 The position of lord lieutenant [namestnik] which, the new emperor believed, enjoyed too much independence, was eliminated.

2001 G. Darby Origins & Devel. Dutch Revolt i. 10 Under Philip the Good, some territories were placed under the duke's lord lieutenant or ‘stadholder’ as provincial governors were called.

d. (The title of) the chief governor of Ireland, appointed by the British (formerly English) Crown.Before the late 17th cent. the same role was sometimes performed by a Lord Deputy, which was a slightly less prestigious title. The Lord Lieutenant was the head of the British administration in Ireland until the foundation of the Irish Free State in 1922.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > governor of province, dependency, or colony > [noun] > viceroy > in Ireland

Lord Lieutenant1564

1564 E. Grindal Serm. Funeral Prince Ferdinandus sig. E.i Thomas Earle of Sussex, Lord Lieutenaunt of Ireland, and Captain of the Pensioners.

1614 J. Selden Titles of Honor i. iii. 57 Some succeeding Princes..had their..Lord Lieutenants or Deputies (as at this day they are called) of Ireland, which were, as Viceroy's, by Patent, with most large Power.

1649 Articles of Peace with Irish Rebels 29 To such other place as his Majesties Lord Lieut. [1847 lord lieutenant]..shall appoint.

1702 London Gaz. No. 3841/3 Lawrence Earl of Rochester, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.

1789 J. Adams Anecd. 15 ‘Lady Carteret, wife of the Lord Lieutenant in Swift's time, said to him, the air of this country is good.’ Swift fell down on his knees, ‘For God's sake, Madam, don't say so in England; they will certainly tax it.’

1841 C. C. F. Greville Mem. 1 Sept. (1938) IV. 404 No appointment is known but that of Lord de Grey as Lord Lieutenant.

1879 L. Wingfield My Lords of Strogue II. i. 25 The lord-lieutenant, then, is a passive instrument in the hands of wicked men.

1916 Times 22 May 9/5 The Lord Lieutenant of Ireland left Dublin on Saturday morning for England.

2002 M. Hopkinson Irish War of Independence iv. 31 The Lord Lieutenant and Chief Secretary saw no need to distinguish between moderate and militant elements of Sinn Féin.

†2. (The title of) the second in command of an army, when a peer. Occasionally more fully Lord Lieutenant General. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1544 Late Exped. Scotl. sig. A.ii^v My lorde Admyral ledde the vantgard,..and Therle of Hertford beinge lorde Lieutenaunt, the battayll.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. clxij The bastard of Kendall..deliuered his fortresse, into the possession of the lord lieuetenant.

1578 J. Polemon All Famous Battels 238 Their deuise was this: that..the Earle of Warwickes (Lorde Lieutenant of the armie) bande..enounter the enimies a front.

1601 F. Bacon Declar. Pract. & Treasons Earl of Essex sig. F4^v Instantly the Lord Lieutenant so disposed his Companies, as all passage and issue foorth was cut off from him both by land and by water.

1645 W. Lithgow True Relation Siege Newcastle 16 The Lord Lieutenant generall Baillie..gave order (for their his batterie lay) to brash downe a part of the Towne wall.

1743 T. Birch Head Illustrious Persons 44 In 1858 he was appointed Lord Lieutenant General of the army designed for the assistance of the United Provinces against the Spaniard.

1825 in Recit de l'Expedition en Ecosse 1 The Earl of Warwick, Lord Lieutenant of the Army, conferred the honour of knighthood upon him at Berwick.

Derivatives

ˈlord-lieuˈtenancy n. [after lieutenancy n.] the position or office of a Lord Lieutenant.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > governor of province, dependency, or colony > [noun] > viceroy > in Ireland > position of

lord-lieutenancy1651

1651 N. Bacon Contin. Hist. Disc. Govt. xxxviii. 294 [The Queen's] Commissions of Lord Lievtenancy wanted that limitation in words, yet they carried the sense, for if the Crown were bound by the Law, the Lord Leivtenants were much rather.

1798 Matter of Fact for Multitude 7 It seems rather extraordinary that Mr. Fox should..have forgotten the removal of Lord Carlisle from the Lord Lieutenancy of the East Riding of Yorkshire in 1782.

1854 G. Bancroft Hist. Amer. Revol. III. vi. 110 He had just obtained the Lord Lieutenancy of Ireland for his brother.

2003 Church Times 19 Dec. 31/3 Orford threatened to resign his lord-lieutenancy if his chaplain was not awarded the vacant living.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	lord lieutenant
释义	Lord Lieutenantn. Brit. /ˌlɔːd lɛfˈtɛnənt/, /ˌlɔːd ləfˈtɛnənt/, U.S. /ˌlɔrd luˈtɛnənt/ Inflections: Plural lords-lieutenant, lord-lieutenants, lords-lieutenants. Forms: see lord n. and lieutenant n. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: lord n., lieutenant n. Etymology: < lord n. + lieutenant n. 1. †a. (The title of) an officer appointed by the Scottish Crown to act as its deputy or representative. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > holder of office > high officials of state > [noun] > Lord-lieutenant in Scotland Lord Lieutenant1453 1453 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1844) I. 403 He wald noght find caucion and sourete that the lord Lievtenand suld hald ferme and stable quhat the said Ranald did. 1547 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 81 As salbe thocht expedient be my Lord Lieutennent. 1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Scotl. 513/1 in Chron. I Shortly after, there was a conuention of the Lordes at Striueling, where the Earle of Lennox was made lord Lieutenant of Scotlande. b. (The title of) a representative of the British (formerly English) Crown in a county (or similar area). In early use referred to as Lieutenant of a county (see lieutenant n. 1c).Lord Lieutenants were first appointed under Henry VIII, in order to take over the military duties of sheriffs. In 1662 they were given full control of the militia; in 1871 these powers reverted to the Crown. Lord Lieutenants were formerly the head of the magistracy, and were typically peers. The position is now mainly ceremonial, and the chief responsibility is the organization of any royal visits to the county. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > holder of office > magistrate > chief magistrate of a district > [noun] > Lord Lieutenant of a county Lord Lieutenant1548 1548 W. Patten Exped. Scotl. sig. A.i The lorde Gray of Wylton, lorde lieuetenaunt of Bolleyn, hygh Marshall of the armie, and Capitayn general of al the horsmen there. 1558 Anno Quarto et Quinto, Philippi & Mariae c. 3 sig. Biv The lorde Lieuetenaunt..during the time of any his or theyr commission, shal and may heare, order, & determine the same offences, by his or their discretions. 1604 J. Lecey Petition Apol. v. 22 When the Spanish Armado came with intention to inuade this Realme, our offers at Eely to the Lord North (then Lord Lieutenant in those partes)..were these. 1642 Declar. of Lords & Commons for Raising Forces 22 Dec. 7 The Lord Lievtenants..do nominate and appoint one experienced Souldier in every Regiment to be an Adjutor. 1671 E. Chamberlayne 2nd Pt. Present State of Eng. (ed. 2) 159 For furnishing Ammunition, and other Necessaries, the Lord Lieutenant..may levy every year one fourth part (if they judge it expedient) of each mans proportion in the Tax of 70000 l. a moneth upon the whole Kingdom. 1728 Stamford Mercury 29 Feb. 69 His Majesty has been pleased to appoint the Rt. Hon. Richard Lord Viscount Cobham, to be Lord-Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of the County of Bucks. 1789 tr. J. W. von Archenholz Picture of Eng. I. i. 27 The coal-merchant's candidate was elected in spite of all the interest of the lord lieutenant of the county, whose little credit became the subject of ridicule. 1839 Penny Cycl. XV. 216/1 From the reign of Philip and Mary the lords-lieutenants have had the charge, under the sovereign, of raising the militia in their respective counties. 1847 C. C. F. Greville Mem. (1885) III. xxiv. 65 At Court yesterday to make Lord Grey Lord-Lieutenant of Northumberland. 1962 W. O. Hart Hart's Introd. Law Local Govt. & Admin. ii. 64 With the disappearance of the militia the lord lieutenant has ceased to have a county force to command. 2011 Blackmore Vale Mag. (Nexis) 11 Nov. 38 The awards were presented by the Lord-Lieutenant for Dorset. c. Any of various high-ranking officers of state in other countries and regions, often having the function of provincial governor, viceroy, etc. (sometimes representing or translating an analogous term in the language of that region). ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > holder of office > high officials of state > [noun] > high state official in foreign country constablea1375 chambellan1446 Lord Lieutenant1548 audiencer1586 audientiary1630 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke xxiv. f. clxxxiii There were kepers moreouer set there of the Lorde lieutenauntes [sc. Pilates] men. 1568 tr. Kinges Edict vpon Pacification of Realme sig. D. iii Red, proclaymed and published, with sounde of Trumpet.., by the Kings maiesties Heralds, assisting and being present the Lord Lieutenant ciuile and others. 1663 in Laws Barbados (1699) cclxv. 141 The Right Honourable Francis Lord Willoughby of Parham, Lord Lieutenant General of the Province of Carliola, and Governour of Barbados. 1700 G. Booth tr. Diodorus Siculus Hist. Libr. i. vi. 38 The whole Land of Egypt is divided into several Parts, which the Greeks call Nomoi, over every one of which is appointed a Lord Lieutenant or Provincial Governor. 1823 R. Roy Appeal to King in Council in Eng. Wks. (1906) 465 The wise and virtuous among them [sc. the Mogul Princes], always employed two intelligencers at the residence of their Nawabs or Lord Lieutenants. 1884 E. Schuyler Peter the Great I. 126 An embassy was sent to Stockholm, consisting of the Okólnitchy and Lord-Lieutenant of Tcheboksáry, Ivan Prontchístchef.., and Lord-Lieutenant of Borófsk, Peter Prontchístchef. 1918 Nation (N.Y.) 13 July 38/2 In place of the old-fashioned conservative Swedish Constitution, Finland was indeed given the freest and most liberal Constitution in the world... This meant nothing, however, as the final word rested with the all-powerful Lord Lieutenant. 1997 D. Griffiths tr. A. B. Kamenskii Russ. Empire in Eighteenth Cent. 269 The position of lord lieutenant [namestnik] which, the new emperor believed, enjoyed too much independence, was eliminated. 2001 G. Darby Origins & Devel. Dutch Revolt i. 10 Under Philip the Good, some territories were placed under the duke's lord lieutenant or ‘stadholder’ as provincial governors were called. d. (The title of) the chief governor of Ireland, appointed by the British (formerly English) Crown.Before the late 17th cent. the same role was sometimes performed by a Lord Deputy, which was a slightly less prestigious title. The Lord Lieutenant was the head of the British administration in Ireland until the foundation of the Irish Free State in 1922. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > governor of province, dependency, or colony > [noun] > viceroy > in Ireland Lord Lieutenant1564 1564 E. Grindal Serm. Funeral Prince Ferdinandus sig. E.i Thomas Earle of Sussex, Lord Lieutenaunt of Ireland, and Captain of the Pensioners. 1614 J. Selden Titles of Honor i. iii. 57 Some succeeding Princes..had their..Lord Lieutenants or Deputies (as at this day they are called) of Ireland, which were, as Viceroy's, by Patent, with most large Power. 1649 Articles of Peace with Irish Rebels 29 To such other place as his Majesties Lord Lieut. [1847 lord lieutenant]..shall appoint. 1702 London Gaz. No. 3841/3 Lawrence Earl of Rochester, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. 1789 J. Adams Anecd. 15 ‘Lady Carteret, wife of the Lord Lieutenant in Swift's time, said to him, the air of this country is good.’ Swift fell down on his knees, ‘For God's sake, Madam, don't say so in England; they will certainly tax it.’ 1841 C. C. F. Greville Mem. 1 Sept. (1938) IV. 404 No appointment is known but that of Lord de Grey as Lord Lieutenant. 1879 L. Wingfield My Lords of Strogue II. i. 25 The lord-lieutenant, then, is a passive instrument in the hands of wicked men. 1916 Times 22 May 9/5 The Lord Lieutenant of Ireland left Dublin on Saturday morning for England. 2002 M. Hopkinson Irish War of Independence iv. 31 The Lord Lieutenant and Chief Secretary saw no need to distinguish between moderate and militant elements of Sinn Féin. †2. (The title of) the second in command of an army, when a peer. Occasionally more fully Lord Lieutenant General. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1544 Late Exped. Scotl. sig. A.ii^v My lorde Admyral ledde the vantgard,..and Therle of Hertford beinge lorde Lieutenaunt, the battayll. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. clxij The bastard of Kendall..deliuered his fortresse, into the possession of the lord lieuetenant. 1578 J. Polemon All Famous Battels 238 Their deuise was this: that..the Earle of Warwickes (Lorde Lieutenant of the armie) bande..enounter the enimies a front. 1601 F. Bacon Declar. Pract. & Treasons Earl of Essex sig. F4^v Instantly the Lord Lieutenant so disposed his Companies, as all passage and issue foorth was cut off from him both by land and by water. 1645 W. Lithgow True Relation Siege Newcastle 16 The Lord Lieutenant generall Baillie..gave order (for their his batterie lay) to brash downe a part of the Towne wall. 1743 T. Birch Head Illustrious Persons 44 In 1858 he was appointed Lord Lieutenant General of the army designed for the assistance of the United Provinces against the Spaniard. 1825 in Recit de l'Expedition en Ecosse 1 The Earl of Warwick, Lord Lieutenant of the Army, conferred the honour of knighthood upon him at Berwick. Derivatives ˈlord-lieuˈtenancy n. [after lieutenancy n.] the position or office of a Lord Lieutenant. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > governor of province, dependency, or colony > [noun] > viceroy > in Ireland > position of lord-lieutenancy1651 1651 N. Bacon Contin. Hist. Disc. Govt. xxxviii. 294 [The Queen's] Commissions of Lord Lievtenancy wanted that limitation in words, yet they carried the sense, for if the Crown were bound by the Law, the Lord Leivtenants were much rather. 1798 Matter of Fact for Multitude 7 It seems rather extraordinary that Mr. Fox should..have forgotten the removal of Lord Carlisle from the Lord Lieutenancy of the East Riding of Yorkshire in 1782. 1854 G. Bancroft Hist. Amer. Revol. III. vi. 110 He had just obtained the Lord Lieutenancy of Ireland for his brother. 2003 Church Times 19 Dec. 31/3 Orford threatened to resign his lord-lieutenancy if his chaplain was not awarded the vacant living. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1453
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