aumn.

Brit.

/ɔːm/, U.S.

/ɔm/, South African English

/ɔːm/

Inflections: Plural aums, (rare) unchanged.

Forms: Middle English 1600s–1700s ame, 1500s 1700s awame, 1500s–1600s alm, 1500s–1600s alme, 1500s–1600s awme, 1500s–1700s aume, 1600s auln, 1600s–1700s aulne, 1600s–1800s awm, 1600s– aum, 1700s aulm, 1800s– aam Brit.

/ɑːm/, U.S.

/ɑm/, 1900s– ham (South African), 1900s– haum (South African); also Scottish pre-1700 ham. N.E.D. (1884) also records forms late Middle English alm, late Middle English alme.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Dutch. Partly a borrowing from Middle Low German. Etymons: Dutch āme; Middle Low German āme.

Etymology: < (i) Middle Dutch āme kind of liquid measure (Dutch aam, also denoting a tun holding this quantity), and its cognate (ii) Middle Low German āme kind of liquid measure, apparently further cognate with Old English oma, Old Frisian āme, ām, Middle High German āme, ōme (German Ohm, †Ahm), all in sense ‘kind of liquid measure’, all ultimately < classical Latin ama, hama water-bucket, in post-classical Latin also denoting a liquid measure (11th cent.; 9th cent. as haima) < ancient Greek ἄμη shovel, in Hellenistic Greek also water-bucket, probably < ἀμᾶσθαι to draw, gather, of uncertain origin.Compare also (probably < Middle Low German) Old Icelandic áma tub, early modern Danish ame, amme (Danish ame) kind of liquid measure. In South African use apparently reborrowed < South African Dutch aam (compare Afrikaans aam).

In later use chiefly South African. Now historical.

Originally: a liquid measure used in Germany and the Low Countries which varied in different places from about 30 to 44 imperial gallons (136 to 200 litres). In later use also: a liquid measure used in South Africa, typically 30 to 34 gallons (136 to 154 litres). Also: a barrel or other container of this capacity.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > liquid measure of capacity > specific units of liquid measure > Dutch and German units

auma1400

anker1673

a1400 in W. G. Benham Oath Bk. Colchester (1907) 7 (MED) 1 ame of Rynysh wyn, jd.

1444 in W. B. D. D. Turnbull Compota Domestica (1836) 13 Pro j fatte vini albi de Ruyn' continenti v amez, qualibet continenti xxxvj lagenas.

1495 A. Halyburton Ledger (1867) 22 A stek of Ryne vyne hald [and] 3 ham and 1 strif.

c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. lxxij^v/1 The rood of reynysh wyne, of Dordreight is x. awames and euery awme is L. galons.

1526 Eltham Ordinances in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 195 Renish wine 4 fatts, every fat containing 3 Almez, at 30s. the Alme.

1603–4 Act 1 James I c. 33 §1 in Statutes of Realm (1963) IV. ii. 1063 [Granting Tonnage and Poundage] Of everie Awme of Rhenishe Wine that is, or shall so come in, Twelve Pence.

1608 R. Norton tr. S. Stevin Disme: Art of Tenths sig. D3 The Ame..maketh 100 pots Antwerp.

1681 J. Oldham Some New Pieces never Publisht 55 Their Aums of Hock, of Backrag and Moselle.

1696 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Auln or Aum of Renish Wine, a measure containing 40 Gallons, and as many pints over and above.

1728 Stamford Mercury 28 Mar. 98/1 Goods Imported..101 Aums Rhenish Wine.

1730 N. Bailey et al. Dict. Britannicum Ame, a Vessel containing 50 Stoops, each Stoop 7 Pints English Measure.

1798 S. H. Wilcocke tr. J. S. Stavorinus Voy. E.-Indies I. iv. i. 545 The muscadel fetches sixty and seventy rixdollars, and the constantia-wine from sixty to seventy-five rixdollars the awm.

1802 J. Pringle in G. M. Theal Rec. of Cape Col. (1899) IV. 140 I have the honour to inform you that I have as usual received Sixty Aums of Constantia Wine.

1834 J. R. McCulloch Dict. Commerce (ed. 2) 34 The aam liquid measure = 4 ankers = 8 steckans.

a1854 E. Grant Mem. Highland Lady (1988) II. xxix. 301 Biscuits and..deliciously cooled wine were presented to us. The Colonel ordered three awms.

1905 H. C. V. Leibbrandt Precis Arch. Cape Good Hope I. 145 Tappers and inkeepers..sent back all their wines..to the Petitioner, thus filling up his general store with full and half-full aums and flasks of wine.

1954 M. Freund tr. G. Dresel Houston Jrnl. 25 They gained only one aam of water in several hours.

1986 W. Steenkamp Blake's Woman 83 Soon she was ticking off things like sacks of coffee and flour, chests of tea,..half an aum of Cape Brandy.

2005 J. Hurley Matter of Taste xxi. 81 By the mid-sixteenth century Rhenish [wine] was shipped to England in ‘aums’, containing 36 gallons.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	aum
释义	aumn. Brit. /ɔːm/, U.S. /ɔm/, South African English /ɔːm/ Inflections: Plural aums, (rare) unchanged. Forms: Middle English 1600s–1700s ame, 1500s 1700s awame, 1500s–1600s alm, 1500s–1600s alme, 1500s–1600s awme, 1500s–1700s aume, 1600s auln, 1600s–1700s aulne, 1600s–1800s awm, 1600s– aum, 1700s aulm, 1800s– aam Brit. /ɑːm/, U.S. /ɑm/, 1900s– ham (South African), 1900s– haum (South African); also Scottish pre-1700 ham. N.E.D. (1884) also records forms late Middle English alm, late Middle English alme. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Dutch. Partly a borrowing from Middle Low German. Etymons: Dutch āme; Middle Low German āme. Etymology: < (i) Middle Dutch āme kind of liquid measure (Dutch aam, also denoting a tun holding this quantity), and its cognate (ii) Middle Low German āme kind of liquid measure, apparently further cognate with Old English oma, Old Frisian āme, ām, Middle High German āme, ōme (German Ohm, †Ahm), all in sense ‘kind of liquid measure’, all ultimately < classical Latin ama, hama water-bucket, in post-classical Latin also denoting a liquid measure (11th cent.; 9th cent. as haima) < ancient Greek ἄμη shovel, in Hellenistic Greek also water-bucket, probably < ἀμᾶσθαι to draw, gather, of uncertain origin.Compare also (probably < Middle Low German) Old Icelandic áma tub, early modern Danish ame, amme (Danish ame) kind of liquid measure. In South African use apparently reborrowed < South African Dutch aam (compare Afrikaans aam). In later use chiefly South African. Now historical. Originally: a liquid measure used in Germany and the Low Countries which varied in different places from about 30 to 44 imperial gallons (136 to 200 litres). In later use also: a liquid measure used in South Africa, typically 30 to 34 gallons (136 to 154 litres). Also: a barrel or other container of this capacity. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > liquid measure of capacity > specific units of liquid measure > Dutch and German units auma1400 anker1673 a1400 in W. G. Benham Oath Bk. Colchester (1907) 7 (MED) 1 ame of Rynysh wyn, jd. 1444 in W. B. D. D. Turnbull Compota Domestica (1836) 13 Pro j fatte vini albi de Ruyn' continenti v amez, qualibet continenti xxxvj lagenas. 1495 A. Halyburton Ledger (1867) 22 A stek of Ryne vyne hald [and] 3 ham and 1 strif. c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. lxxij^v/1 The rood of reynysh wyne, of Dordreight is x. awames and euery awme is L. galons. 1526 Eltham Ordinances in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 195 Renish wine 4 fatts, every fat containing 3 Almez, at 30s. the Alme. 1603–4 Act 1 James I c. 33 §1 in Statutes of Realm (1963) IV. ii. 1063 [Granting Tonnage and Poundage] Of everie Awme of Rhenishe Wine that is, or shall so come in, Twelve Pence. 1608 R. Norton tr. S. Stevin Disme: Art of Tenths sig. D3 The Ame..maketh 100 pots Antwerp. 1681 J. Oldham Some New Pieces never Publisht 55 Their Aums of Hock, of Backrag and Moselle. 1696 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Auln or Aum of Renish Wine, a measure containing 40 Gallons, and as many pints over and above. 1728 Stamford Mercury 28 Mar. 98/1 Goods Imported..101 Aums Rhenish Wine. 1730 N. Bailey et al. Dict. Britannicum Ame, a Vessel containing 50 Stoops, each Stoop 7 Pints English Measure. 1798 S. H. Wilcocke tr. J. S. Stavorinus Voy. E.-Indies I. iv. i. 545 The muscadel fetches sixty and seventy rixdollars, and the constantia-wine from sixty to seventy-five rixdollars the awm. 1802 J. Pringle in G. M. Theal Rec. of Cape Col. (1899) IV. 140 I have the honour to inform you that I have as usual received Sixty Aums of Constantia Wine. 1834 J. R. McCulloch Dict. Commerce (ed. 2) 34 The aam liquid measure = 4 ankers = 8 steckans. a1854 E. Grant Mem. Highland Lady (1988) II. xxix. 301 Biscuits and..deliciously cooled wine were presented to us. The Colonel ordered three awms. 1905 H. C. V. Leibbrandt Precis Arch. Cape Good Hope I. 145 Tappers and inkeepers..sent back all their wines..to the Petitioner, thus filling up his general store with full and half-full aums and flasks of wine. 1954 M. Freund tr. G. Dresel Houston Jrnl. 25 They gained only one aam of water in several hours. 1986 W. Steenkamp Blake's Woman 83 Soon she was ticking off things like sacks of coffee and flour, chests of tea,..half an aum of Cape Brandy. 2005 J. Hurley Matter of Taste xxi. 81 By the mid-sixteenth century Rhenish [wine] was shipped to England in ‘aums’, containing 36 gallons. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1400
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