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单词 lobe
释义

loben.

Brit. /ləʊb/, U.S. /loʊb/
Forms: Also 1500s lobbe.
Etymology: < late Latin lobus, < Greek λοβός lobe of the ear, of the liver, capsule or pod of leguminous plants < pre-Hellenic *logw- cognate with *legw- in Latin legūmen pod, legula lobe of the ear. Compare French lobe (16th cent.).
A roundish projecting part, usually one of two or more similar portions into which an object is divided by a fissure.
a. One of the divisions of the liver or lungs formed by the fissures.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > respiratory organs > [noun] > lungs > lobe of
lapc1000
leafa1398
lobe?1541
lappet1609
fin1615
the world > life > the body > secretory organs > gland > specific glands > [noun] > liver > lobe of
lapc1000
liver lapOE
fibre1398
mantle?c1425
boss?1541
lobe?1541
lop1601
fillet1607
lappet1609
fin1615
lobbet1662
acinus1701
spigelian lobe1811
Riedel's lobe1897
1525 Anothomia in tr. H. von Brunschwig Noble Experyence Handy Warke Surg. sig. Biv/1 The longues hath .v. lobos or feders.]
?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. H jv Demaunde, Howe many lobbes hath the lunges? Answere .v. Thre in the ryght party, and two in the lefte.
1578 J. Banister Hist. Man v. f. 75 These eminences are neither to be called Lobes, Fibres, nor wynges.
1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica iii. ii. 108 The lobes and severall parcells of the liver. View more context for this quotation
1667 N. Fairfax in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 2 549 The left Lobe of the Lungs almost quite wasted.
1802 W. Paley Nat. Theol. xi. 202 The heart lies on the left side; a lobe of the lungs on the right.
1845 G. Budd On Dis. Liver 320 The liver was found of large size, and its left lobe reached over the stomach into the left hypochondrium.
1859 C. Darwin Origin of Species xiii. 450 In very many snakes one lobe of the lungs is rudimentary.
b. The lower soft pendulous part of the external ear.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > ear > [noun] > flap or lobe
lapc1000
ear-lapOE
list1530
lippet1598
lug1602
lappet1609
handle1615
libbet1627
auricle1650
flip-flop1661
pinna1682
helix1684
lobe1719
earlobea1785
ear flap1810
leaf1819
shell1831
pavilion1842
ear bud1953
1719 J. Quincy Lexicon Physico-medicum (1722) 124/1 The external [ear] is..divided into two Parts, of which the upper is called Pinna, or the Wing, the lower Fibra, or Lobe.
1826 S. Cooper First Lines Pract. Surg. (ed. 5) ii. xxiv. 393 An incision was begun over the condyloid process, opposite the lobe of the ear.
1843 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit (1844) ix. 107 Pursued and brought back by the hair of his head, or the lobe of his ear.
1871 G. Meredith Harry Richmond II. xx. 288 Her ear..was of a very pretty shape, with a soft unpierced lobe.
c. Botany (a) A pod, capsule, or fruit-case. Obsolete. (b) A rounded projection or division of a leaf (sometimes, of other organs) of a plant.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > seed > seed-vessel or pericarp > [noun] > division or section of
loculament1654
lobe1672
valvule1755
valve1760
the world > plants > part of plant > part defined by form or function > [noun] > lobe or division
clefta1398
fissure1656
lacinia1668
segment1713
lobe1731
earlet1787
the world > plants > part of plant > leaf > [noun] > leaflet
lacinia1668
label1672
pinna1703
label1707
pinnula1707
ala1712
lobe1731
pinnule1751
lobe-leaf1758
leafit1761
little leaf1775
wing1776
foliole1785
leaflet1811
lobelet1850
auricle1861
lobule1880
pinnulet1881
pointrel1881
1672 N. Grew Anat. Veg. i. 5 Some very few Seeds are divided, not into two Lobes, but more.
1681 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis ii. v. 211 Of Berrys, Cones, Lobes, and some other Parts of Trees.
1681 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis ii. v. 212 A Long Flat Lobe... Its whole Cavity is filled up with one single Fruit.
1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. (1733) (at cited word) A Pea or Bean being committed to the Ground, is first found to cleave into two Parts, which are, as it were, two Leaves or Lobes of the Placenta.
1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. ii. viii. 90 Such as have the Lobes of the Corollæ bent obliquely to the Right.
1785 W. Cowper Task iii. 522 Then rise the tender germs, upstarting quick And spreading wide their spongy lobes.
1845 J. Lindley School Bot. (1858) iv. 26 c Leaves divided palmately into many narrow lobes.
1861 R. Bentley Man. Bot. ii. iii. 570 Corolla monopetalous, regular, tubular, with its lobes corresponding in number to the teeth of the calyx.
1875 C. Darwin Insectivorous Plants xiii. 292 The immersion of a leaf in pure water sometimes caused the lobes to close.
1880 A. Gray Struct. Bot. iii. iv. 98 Lobe is the common name of one of the parts of a simple blade, especially when there is only one order of incision.
d. One of the divisions of the brain. Also, in the cerebellum, a group of folia marked off by unusually deep fissures.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > nervous system > cerebrospinal axis > brain > parts of brain > [noun] > lobe or lobule
nates?1545
lobe1672
testis1681
vermiform process1836
olfactory lobe1837
island of Reil1840
rhinencephalon1846
worm1857
precuneus1879
insula1886
vermis1890
tonsil1891
the world > life > the body > nervous system > cerebrospinal axis > brain > parts of brain > [noun] > cerebellum > parts of
lobe1672
arbor vitae1800
nodule1839
amygdala1845
nodulus1848
uvula1848
roof nucleus1872
prepeduncle1886
declive1889
postpeduncle1889
archicerebellum1937
1672 R. Wiseman Treat. Wounds i. 134 A maid servant was shot into the right side of the Sinciput..she lived as long, viz. until the Lobe of the Brain was wrought out or corrupted.
1719 J. Quincy Lexicon Physico-medicum (1722) (at cited word) Bidloo uses the diminutive Lobellus, for [sic] little Lobe, for the four Processes of the Brain.
1831 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. (ed. 2) 411 The middle lobes of the brain, separated from the posterior by a groove directed obliquely backwards.
1849 H. M. Noad Lect. Electr. (ed. 3) 461 Of the four lobes of the brain, the fourth only is found to actuate the electric current; it is hence called the electric lobe.
1851 W. B. Carpenter Man. Physiol. (ed. 2) 558 That the Lobes of the Cerebellum are the parts specially concerned in the regulation of the muscular movements.
1872 T. H. Huxley Lessons Elem. Physiol. (ed. 6) viii. 196 The olfactory lobes which..form..a part of the brain.
e. Zoology. A rounded projection or part of an organ.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > animal body > general parts > [noun] > lobe
lobe1826
the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > projection or protuberance > [noun] > rounded projection > lobe
lobule1682
lobulus1731
lobe1826
lobulation1879
1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. III. 357 Lobi (the Lobes), the parts of the Maxilla above the Palpus.
1828 J. Stark Elements Nat. Hist. I. 352 The Galley Wasp..Two little lobes before the tympanum.
1843 W. Yarrell Hist. Brit. Birds III. 42 The vignette represents the structure of the foot..one lobe on each side each of the phalanges.
1846 R. Patterson Introd. Zool. 34 The lobes of the mouth become more or less distended.
1849 R. I. Murchison Siluria xiii. 342 The upper lobe of the tail.
1893 A. Newton et al. Dict. Birds: Pt. II 382 Their [sc. grebes'] feet..have the tarsi flattened and elongated toes furnished with broad lobes of skin.
f. The larger or most important and projecting part of a cam-wheel.
ΚΠ
1855 J. Ogilvie Suppl. Imperial Dict. (at cited word) The lobe of a cam-wheel is the portion of curve between two minor distances from the centre of rotation, and including a major distance between them. If the wheel has n lobes, then 2 π/n is the lobe-angle and there are n lobes in a revolution.
g. Geology. A great marginal projection from the body of a continental ice sheet.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > ice > body of ice > [noun] > sheet > margin of > projection from
ice lobe1880
lobe1889
1889 Nature 3 Oct. 558 The moraines can be traced around continuously from one lobe to another.
h. gen.
ΚΠ
1877 J. Wells Bible Echoes iv. 47 You have often seen little lobes of gum on the bark of such trees as the fir-tree.
i. A portion of the radiation pattern of an aerial which represents a group of directions of stronger radiation and is bounded on each side by directions in which there is minimum radiation.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > telecommunication > radio communications > radio equipment > [noun] > aerial > parts of
side lobe1843
downlead1910
anode tap1919
screen1922
lobe1926
radial1939
feed horn1952
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic phenomena > [noun] > radiation field > portion of
lobe1926
1926 Bell Syst. Techn. Jrnl. 5 297 It is interesting to observe the variation in the diagrams... A lobe starts as a small bud, it grows in size until it reaches the unit circle, it then becomes dented.
1947 J. S. Hall Radar Aids to Navigation i. 13 All antennas radiate small amounts of power in directions other than the main lobe.
1959 R. D. Davies & H. P. Palmer Radio Stud. Universe iii. 39 In the simplest form of interferometer each narrow lobe of the aerial polar diagram produces its own small drift curve.
1968 Radio Communication Handbk. (ed. 4) xiii. 40/2 With increased spacing between the two aerials, more lobes appear... This type of pattern is not very useful, but if the intervening space is filled with aerials spaced λ/2, one pair of lobes grows at the expense of all the others, giving a sharp main beam with a number of relatively small minor lobes.
j. Calligraphy. A curved projecting part of a letter.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > writing > handwriting or style of > formation of letters > [noun] > part of letter
tittle1538
dash1607
taila1627
i-dot1897
lobe1957
1957 N. R. Ker Catal. MSS containing Anglo-Saxon p. xxvii In minuscule of the eighth and ninth centuries a is a pointed letter, the back of which projects above the place at which it is joined by the lobe.
1969 M. B. Parkes Eng. Cursive Bk. Hands 1250–1500 p. xxvi The letter b comprises a stem or mainstroke which rises above the general level of the other letters and a lobe made with a curved stroke to the right of the stem.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
lobe-like adj.
ΚΠ
1849–52 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. IV. ii. 1224/2 Lobe-like expansions.
C2.
lobe-angle n. Mechanics (see quot. 1855).
ΚΠ
1855 J. Ogilvie Suppl. Imperial Dict. at Lobe The lobe of a cam-wheel is the portion of curve between two minor distances from the centre of rotation, and including a major distance between them. If the wheel has n lobes, then 2 π/n is the lobe-angle and there are n lobes in a revolution.
lobe-berry n. the seaside grape, Coccoloba uvifera, of the West Indies ( Treasury Bot. 1866).
lobe-foot n. a lobe-footed bird.
ΚΠ
1833 P. J. Selby Illustr. Brit. Ornithol. II. 166 In the Orkneys..the Red Lobefoot is a common species.
1835 L. Jenyns Man. Brit. Vertebr. Animals 214 Lobipes hyperboreus Steph. (Red Lobefoot).
lobe-footed adj. having lobate feet, as some birds.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [adjective] > of feet > having lobed feet
fin-footed1804
pinnatiped1828
lobiped1857
lobe-footed1872
1872 E. Coues Key to N. Amer. Birds 50 It is elevated in all swimming birds, whether lobe-footed, or partly or wholly web-footed.
1890 E. Coues Handbk. Field & Gen. Ornithol. ii. 190 In all truly lobe-footed birds, as coots,..grebes,..and phalaropes.
lobe-leaf n. Obsolete a foliole of a compound leaf.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > leaf > [noun] > leaflet
lacinia1668
label1672
pinna1703
label1707
pinnula1707
ala1712
lobe1731
pinnule1751
lobe-leaf1758
leafit1761
little leaf1775
wing1776
foliole1785
leaflet1811
lobelet1850
auricle1861
lobule1880
pinnulet1881
pointrel1881
1758 J. Ellis in Philos. Trans. 1757 (Royal Soc.) 50 446 Because they have an equal number of pinnæ, or lobe-leaves, on the whole leaf of each tree.
lobe-plate n. (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Lobe-plate, a strong piece of cast-iron laid upon the keelson, etc., to support the parts of a marine steam-engine.

Draft additions 1997

lobe-fin n. a crossopterygian fish.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > [noun] > subclass Crossopterygii or order Coelacanthiformes > member of
cœlacanth1857
crossopterygian1861
latimeria1940
lobe-fin1941
Old Fourlegs1956
1941 A. S. Romer Man & Vertebrates (ed. 3) i. 33 Typical lobefins were fresh-water fishes which..early became extinct.
1962 K. F. Lagler et al. Ichthyol. iv. 115 Cosmoid scales are found both in the living (Latimeria) and extinct lobefins.
1979 D. L. Dineley Fossils v. 120 Not long ago the lobe-fins were thought to have become extinct... Then in 1938 a living lobe-fin was dredged up.
1994 Nature 7 Apr. 507/1 For much of the middle of this century, there was general agreement that most of the Tetrapoda had arisen from osteolepiform lobefins.

Draft additions 1997

lobe-finned adj. (of a fish) crossopterygian.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > [adjective] > belonging to Crossopterygii > of or relating to member of
lobe-finned1933
cœlacanthid1939
1933 A. S. Romer Man & Vertebrates i. 41 The ray-finned forms are the most important fish as fish. But far more important in an evolutionary sense have been the crossopterygians, the lobe-finned fishes.
1970 R. M. Black Elements Palaeontol. xvii. 249 The lobe-finned fish have, since the Devonian, remained numerically restricted.
1991 N. Eldredge Fossils iv. 92 Coelacanths are lobe-finned fishes. Their closest relatives are the extinct rhipidistians.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.?1541
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