loco-focon.adj.

Brit.

/ˌləʊkəʊˈfəʊkəʊ/, U.S.

/ˈˌloʊkoʊˈfoʊkoʊ/

Origin: Of uncertain origin.

Etymology: Origin uncertain. Apparently a rhyming compound, in which the first element apparently ultimately reflects classical Latin locus locus n.¹, and the second element classical Latin focus focus n.; if so, it is unclear whether the intended meaning is approximately ‘fire in place’ or ‘in place of fire’ (i.e. fire does not need to be introduced from elsewhere), or whether the word arises from a misapprehension of locomotive adj. as literally meaning ‘self-moving’, hence this word might have been envisaged as very approximately ‘self-igniting’.It seems less likely that the first element shows Spanish loco mad (see loco adj.), and hence the second element perhaps a remodelling of Spanish fuego ( < classical Latin focus ). For the origin of sense A. 2, compare the following (referring to events of 1835):1842 J. D. Hammond Hist. Polit. Parties in State of New-York II. xli. 491–2 A very tumultuous and confused scene ensued, during which the gas lights..were extinguished. The equal rights party..had provided themselves with loco-foco matches and candles, and the room was re-lighted in a moment... Immediately after this outbreak at Tammany Hall, the Courier and Enquirer, a whig, and the Times, a democratic,..newspaper, dubbed the anti-monopolists with the name of the Loco-Foco Party, a sort of nick-name which the whigs have since given to the whole democratic party.

U.S. (now historical).

A. n.

1. A cigar (more fully loco-foco cigar) or match (more fully loco-foco match) tipped with an inflammable substance ignitable on a roughened or specially prepared surface.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > material for igniting > [noun] > match, spill, or taper for lighting > specifically ignited by friction

allumette1601

fire cane1644

paper match1780

Strasbourg match1825

match1830

lucifer match1831

fusee1832

loco-foco1835

oxymuriatic match1835

Congreve1839

Vesta1839

friction-match1847

safety match1850

German Congreve1851

Vesuvian1853

star1862

safety1876

tandstickor1884

post-and-railsa1890

book match1899

Swan Vesta1908

the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > smoking > articles or materials used in smoking > [noun] > thing which may be smoked > cigar or cheroot > cigar > type of

Bermuda?a1641

Havana1802

regalia1819

long nine1821

short-six1831

loco-foco1835

Cuba1837

cabana1840

panatela1841

Habanero1845

pickwick1847

colorado maduro1851

colorado1854

colorado claro1854

maduro1854

Henry Clay1855

Trichinopoli chain1863

trichi1877

perfecto1884

claro1891

toby1894

twofera1911

Jamaican1919

1835 Salem (Mass.) Gaz. 23 Jan. 3/2 Loco Foco, or self-igniting Segars. This is the name of an article prepared in New York. They possess the peculiar property of igniting themselves.

1835 U.S. Tel. 25 Sept. 1019/3 (advt.) Loco Foco matches. A new article for lighting segars, &c.

1835 P. Hone Diary 26 Oct. (1889) I. 168 The malcontents..each producing from his pocket a tallow-candle..and a loco-foco to ignite it, soon brought matters to light again.

1839 Jrnl. Franklin Inst. 24 116 We were offered lately in the streets of Pittsburgh a kind of loco-foco matches which were new to us... They ignite by friction and burn as if containing phosphorus.

1842 W. T. Brande Dict. Sci., Lit. & Art 672/2 Lucifers (which in America are termed locofocos).

1859 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms (ed. 2) (at cited word) In 1834 John Marck opened a store in Park Row, New York, and drew public attention to two novelties. One was champagne wine drawn like soda water from a ‘fountain’; the other was a self-lighting cigar, with a match composition on the end. These he called ‘Loco-foco’ cigars.

1895 H. C. Castellanos New Orleans as it Was v. 81 Mariquita was married at that time to a middle-aged man, who peddled flints and spunk among cigar smokers (loco-foco matches being then an uninvented luxury), around the markets and the levee front.

1947 P. S. Foner Hist. Labor Movement in U.S. I. ix. 154 Hoping to stop the meeting they [sc. the Tammany supporters] turned off the gas, but the workers produced ‘loco-foco’ matches to light candles and went on to nominate a list of anti-monopoly candidates.

1990 C. Johnson Middle Passage 14 Papa offered me a cigar, but my hands trembled so violently that I used four locofocos before the flame took to the end.

2001 R. D. Outram Dove Legend & Other Poems 132 We will come to the point;..Which may prove to be an unexploded locofoco cigar.

2004 V. Goldenbrook Stonebird ii. 10 He relights his smoke with what he calls a loco-foco match.

2. Politics. Also with capital initial. A member or supporter of a radical faction within the Democratic Party in the mid 1830s which advocated social justice and opposed vested interests, monopolies, and banks; (also) a member of the Democratic Party as a whole; (hence) an advocate of similar radical principles.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > American politics > [adjective] > Democratic Party > branch of

loco-foco1835

society > authority > rule or government > politics > American politics > [noun] > Democratic Party > member or adherent of > of branch of

loco-foco1835

loco1838

O.K.1840

hard1843

softshell1845

barn-burner1848

hardshell1852

soft1853

softshell1853

Bourbon1859

short-hairs1867

New Dem1962

Blue Dog1995

1835 Daily National Intelligencer (Washington) 9 Nov. The Agrarians, the Loco Focos, and the Ragamuffins, are..the same people with whom they were..glove and hand last year.

1837 J. Q. Adams Jrnl. 10 Oct. in Memoirs (1876) IX. 399 He passed a panegyric upon John Milton..and concluded that if John Milton was a Loco-foco he was content to be called so too.

1838 H. Clay Let. 28 Aug. in Private Corr. (1855) 428 The Locofocos have carried that [election] in Missouri.

1896 W. D. Howells Impressions & Experiences 1 The Whig newspaper which my father edited to the confusion of the Locofocos.

1947 F. D. Downey Our Lusty Forefathers 252 Many of the campaign log cabins, the Locofocos charged, were rum holes.

1991 L. Sante Low Life iii. iii. 253 Vying for their favor were a number of factions that included the Van Burenite section of Tammany, the Equal Rights Party (where members were known as Locofocos).

B. adj.

Politics. Of, relating to, or characteristic of the Loco-focos.

ΚΠ

1835 Herald (N.Y.) 17 Nov. 2/2 We see around us the Van Buren, the Harrison, the Webster, the Native, the Loco-foco parties.

1837 P. Hone Diary 6 Sept. (1889) I. 266 The President's message..is locofoco to the very core.

1838 W. Irving in Life & Lett. (1866) III. 120 Those loco foco luminaries who of late have been urging strong and sweeping measures.

1843 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit (1844) xvi. 193 Here's full particulars of the patriotic loco-foco movement yesterday, in which the whigs was so chawed up.

1850 N. Hawthorne Scarlet Let. Introd. 7 But..you would inquire in vain for the Loco-foco Surveyor.

1961 M. Duberman Charles Francis Adams vii. 60 They [sc. ‘Letters to Nicholas Biddle’ in the Boston Courier] were thought by some to be ‘loco-foco’ in the extreme, which amused Adams, who decided that if the articles were indeed radical, he would ‘think better hereafter of radicalism’.

2008 G. H. Muller William Cullen Bryant viii. 134 Not strictly a labor or union party, and consisting largely of journeymen, small manufacturers, shopkeepers, and professionals, the Loco Foco Party embraced the rights of journeymen, artisans, and mechanics to organize in order to protect their interests.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	loco-foco
释义	loco-focon.adj. Brit. /ˌləʊkəʊˈfəʊkəʊ/, U.S. /ˈˌloʊkoʊˈfoʊkoʊ/ Origin: Of uncertain origin. Etymology: Origin uncertain. Apparently a rhyming compound, in which the first element apparently ultimately reflects classical Latin locus locus n.¹, and the second element classical Latin focus focus n.; if so, it is unclear whether the intended meaning is approximately ‘fire in place’ or ‘in place of fire’ (i.e. fire does not need to be introduced from elsewhere), or whether the word arises from a misapprehension of locomotive adj. as literally meaning ‘self-moving’, hence this word might have been envisaged as very approximately ‘self-igniting’.It seems less likely that the first element shows Spanish loco mad (see loco adj.), and hence the second element perhaps a remodelling of Spanish fuego ( < classical Latin focus ). For the origin of sense A. 2, compare the following (referring to events of 1835):1842 J. D. Hammond Hist. Polit. Parties in State of New-York II. xli. 491–2 A very tumultuous and confused scene ensued, during which the gas lights..were extinguished. The equal rights party..had provided themselves with loco-foco matches and candles, and the room was re-lighted in a moment... Immediately after this outbreak at Tammany Hall, the Courier and Enquirer, a whig, and the Times, a democratic,..newspaper, dubbed the anti-monopolists with the name of the Loco-Foco Party, a sort of nick-name which the whigs have since given to the whole democratic party. U.S. (now historical). A. n. 1. A cigar (more fully loco-foco cigar) or match (more fully loco-foco match) tipped with an inflammable substance ignitable on a roughened or specially prepared surface. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > material for igniting > [noun] > match, spill, or taper for lighting > specifically ignited by friction allumette1601 fire cane1644 paper match1780 Strasbourg match1825 match1830 lucifer match1831 fusee1832 loco-foco1835 oxymuriatic match1835 Congreve1839 Vesta1839 friction-match1847 safety match1850 German Congreve1851 Vesuvian1853 star1862 safety1876 tandstickor1884 post-and-railsa1890 book match1899 Swan Vesta1908 the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > smoking > articles or materials used in smoking > [noun] > thing which may be smoked > cigar or cheroot > cigar > type of Bermuda?a1641 Havana1802 regalia1819 long nine1821 short-six1831 loco-foco1835 Cuba1837 cabana1840 panatela1841 Habanero1845 pickwick1847 colorado maduro1851 colorado1854 colorado claro1854 maduro1854 Henry Clay1855 Trichinopoli chain1863 trichi1877 perfecto1884 claro1891 toby1894 twofera1911 Jamaican1919 1835 Salem (Mass.) Gaz. 23 Jan. 3/2 Loco Foco, or self-igniting Segars. This is the name of an article prepared in New York. They possess the peculiar property of igniting themselves. 1835 U.S. Tel. 25 Sept. 1019/3 (advt.) Loco Foco matches. A new article for lighting segars, &c. 1835 P. Hone Diary 26 Oct. (1889) I. 168 The malcontents..each producing from his pocket a tallow-candle..and a loco-foco to ignite it, soon brought matters to light again. 1839 Jrnl. Franklin Inst. 24 116 We were offered lately in the streets of Pittsburgh a kind of loco-foco matches which were new to us... They ignite by friction and burn as if containing phosphorus. 1842 W. T. Brande Dict. Sci., Lit. & Art 672/2 Lucifers (which in America are termed locofocos). 1859 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms (ed. 2) (at cited word) In 1834 John Marck opened a store in Park Row, New York, and drew public attention to two novelties. One was champagne wine drawn like soda water from a ‘fountain’; the other was a self-lighting cigar, with a match composition on the end. These he called ‘Loco-foco’ cigars. 1895 H. C. Castellanos New Orleans as it Was v. 81 Mariquita was married at that time to a middle-aged man, who peddled flints and spunk among cigar smokers (loco-foco matches being then an uninvented luxury), around the markets and the levee front. 1947 P. S. Foner Hist. Labor Movement in U.S. I. ix. 154 Hoping to stop the meeting they [sc. the Tammany supporters] turned off the gas, but the workers produced ‘loco-foco’ matches to light candles and went on to nominate a list of anti-monopoly candidates. 1990 C. Johnson Middle Passage 14 Papa offered me a cigar, but my hands trembled so violently that I used four locofocos before the flame took to the end. 2001 R. D. Outram Dove Legend & Other Poems 132 We will come to the point;..Which may prove to be an unexploded locofoco cigar. 2004 V. Goldenbrook Stonebird ii. 10 He relights his smoke with what he calls a loco-foco match. 2. Politics. Also with capital initial. A member or supporter of a radical faction within the Democratic Party in the mid 1830s which advocated social justice and opposed vested interests, monopolies, and banks; (also) a member of the Democratic Party as a whole; (hence) an advocate of similar radical principles. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > American politics > [adjective] > Democratic Party > branch of loco-foco1835 society > authority > rule or government > politics > American politics > [noun] > Democratic Party > member or adherent of > of branch of loco-foco1835 loco1838 O.K.1840 hard1843 softshell1845 barn-burner1848 hardshell1852 soft1853 softshell1853 Bourbon1859 short-hairs1867 New Dem1962 Blue Dog1995 1835 Daily National Intelligencer (Washington) 9 Nov. The Agrarians, the Loco Focos, and the Ragamuffins, are..the same people with whom they were..glove and hand last year. 1837 J. Q. Adams Jrnl. 10 Oct. in Memoirs (1876) IX. 399 He passed a panegyric upon John Milton..and concluded that if John Milton was a Loco-foco he was content to be called so too. 1838 H. Clay Let. 28 Aug. in Private Corr. (1855) 428 The Locofocos have carried that [election] in Missouri. 1896 W. D. Howells Impressions & Experiences 1 The Whig newspaper which my father edited to the confusion of the Locofocos. 1947 F. D. Downey Our Lusty Forefathers 252 Many of the campaign log cabins, the Locofocos charged, were rum holes. 1991 L. Sante Low Life iii. iii. 253 Vying for their favor were a number of factions that included the Van Burenite section of Tammany, the Equal Rights Party (where members were known as Locofocos). B. adj. Politics. Of, relating to, or characteristic of the Loco-focos. ΚΠ 1835 Herald (N.Y.) 17 Nov. 2/2 We see around us the Van Buren, the Harrison, the Webster, the Native, the Loco-foco parties. 1837 P. Hone Diary 6 Sept. (1889) I. 266 The President's message..is locofoco to the very core. 1838 W. Irving in Life & Lett. (1866) III. 120 Those loco foco luminaries who of late have been urging strong and sweeping measures. 1843 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit (1844) xvi. 193 Here's full particulars of the patriotic loco-foco movement yesterday, in which the whigs was so chawed up. 1850 N. Hawthorne Scarlet Let. Introd. 7 But..you would inquire in vain for the Loco-foco Surveyor. 1961 M. Duberman Charles Francis Adams vii. 60 They [sc. ‘Letters to Nicholas Biddle’ in the Boston Courier] were thought by some to be ‘loco-foco’ in the extreme, which amused Adams, who decided that if the articles were indeed radical, he would ‘think better hereafter of radicalism’. 2008 G. H. Muller William Cullen Bryant viii. 134 Not strictly a labor or union party, and consisting largely of journeymen, small manufacturers, shopkeepers, and professionals, the Loco Foco Party embraced the rights of journeymen, artisans, and mechanics to organize in order to protect their interests. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1835
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