lynch lawn.

Brit.

/ˈlɪn(t)ʃ lɔː/, U.S.

/ˈlɪn(t)ʃ ˌlɔ/,

/ˈlɪn(t)ʃ ˌlɑ/

Forms:

α. 1700s Lynchs law, 1700s– Lynch's law (now historical), 1800s Linch's law (rare).

β. (Also with capital initial in early use.) 1800s– linch law (rare, now nonstandard), 1800s– lynch law.

Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element. Etymons: proper name Lynch , law n.¹

Etymology: In α. forms < the genitive of the name of Charles Lynch (see note) + law n.¹ In β. forms < the name of Lynch + law n.¹ Compare later Judge Lynch’s law at Judge Lynch n. Compounds.Charles Lynch (1736–96), Virginia planter and justice of the peace, served as a colonel in the militia during the American War of Independence, and in 1780 helped to put down a threatened Loyalist uprising in south-western Virginia in the course of which suspects were rounded up and given summary trials before informal courts, followed by punishments including executions and public whipping. The extralegal proceedings of these courts were retroactively legitimized by a special act of the general assembly of Virginia in 1782. In the same year Lynch himself provides the earliest documented use of the term when referring to the actions of one of his men (see quot. 1782 at sense 1). It has also been suggested that the term is named after Captain William Lynch (1742–1820) of Pittsylvania, Virginia, who in 1780, together with other local men, is supposed to have formed a vigilante association to track down and summarily punish suspected criminals and outlaws (probably including Loyalists). William Lynch evidently enjoyed being thought of as the eponym; however, his testimony was recorded long after the fact (see quot. 1811 at sense 1). The purported text of the founding charter of the Pittsylvania association (probably a fabrication by Edgar Allan Poe) was later printed in the Southern Lit. Messenger (1836) May 389. The activities of William Lynch's Pittsylvania vigilante association, if it ever existed, were so obscure by comparison with the well-known suppression of insurrection in south-western Virginia by Charles Lynch, that they seem unlikely to have provided the basis for the term. See further C. Waldrep Many Faces of Judge Lynch (2002) 15–21. For a discussion of alternative (and less likely) explanations see A. Matthews ‘The Term Lynch Law’ in Mod. Philol. 2 (1904) 173–95.

Originally U.S.

1. The practice of inflicting summary punishment on an alleged or convicted offender, (originally) by a self-constituted court having no legal authority, or (later chiefly) as perpetrated by a mob. Cf. lynch v., lynching n. Now chiefly historical.In early use also in plural with same sense.Particularly associated with the extrajudicial execution of African Americans, especially that perpetrated in Southern states from the end of the American Civil War (1865) to the Civil Rights movement in the mid 20th cent.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > [noun] > summary and unjust

Halifax law1565

Lydford law1565

Halifax inquest1598

Cupar justice1681

Jeddart justice1698

lynch law1782

Judge Lynch1835

lynching1835

lynch law1846

kangaroo justice1909

palm-tree justice1959

1782 C. Lynch Let. 11 May in C. Waldrep Lynching in Amer. (2006) i. 37 They are mostly Torys & such as Sanders has given Lynchs law too [sic] for Dealing with the negroes &c.

1794 Augusta (Georgia) Chron. 14 June 3/3 Some time ago, Augusta acted right, To punish one, and put two more to flight; Lynch's law ought still to be in vogue, It will rid the town of every cursed rogue.

1811 A. Ellicott in C. V. Mathews A. Ellicott (1908) 220 Captain [William] Lynch just mentioned was the author of the Lynch laws so well known and so frequently carried into effect some years ago in the southern States in violation of every principle of justice and jurisprudence.

1819 W. Faux Diary 29 Nov. in Mem. Days Amer. (1823) 304 The people [of Princeton, Indiana]..deputed four persons to inform him, that unless he quitted the town and state immediately, he should receive Lynch's law, that is, a whipping in the woods.

1835 W. Irving Tour on Prairies 41 ‘Lynch's law’, as it is technically termed, in which the plaintiff is apt to be witness, jury, judge, and executioner.

1839 W. B. Stonehouse Hist. Isle of Axholme 112 The burning Reading's house was..a terrible example of what the Americans term lynch law.

1879 F. W. Farrar Life & Work St. Paul I. viii. xxviii. 570 They seized the opportunity of executing a little Lynch law.

1930 Richmond (Va.) Planet 4 Oct. 1/4 The American Negro Labor Congress has issued a call for all working class organizations to elect delegates to a mass conference against lynch law.

2014 Reg. Kentucky Hist. Soc. 112 277 The community had practiced citizen-based lynch law, terrorism, and other violent behaviors that would be considered uncivilized in the twenty-first century.

2. In extended use: any form of justice considered to be without regard to recognized or statutory judicial principles.

ΚΠ

1846 L. Ritchie Brit. World in East II. ix. ii. 430 The want of this is remedied for general purposes by public opinion manifested in a kind of Lynch law.

1902 J. London Daughter of Snows 284 It's lynch law, you know, and their minds are made up. They're bound to get me.

2013 Leader-Post (Regina, Sask.) (Nexis) 26 Jan. e8 You can't decide cases on sentiment. That's lynch law.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	lynch law
释义	lynch lawn. Brit. /ˈlɪn(t)ʃ lɔː/, U.S. /ˈlɪn(t)ʃ ˌlɔ/, /ˈlɪn(t)ʃ ˌlɑ/ Forms: α. 1700s Lynchs law, 1700s– Lynch's law (now historical), 1800s Linch's law (rare). β. (Also with capital initial in early use.) 1800s– linch law (rare, now nonstandard), 1800s– lynch law. Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element. Etymons: proper name Lynch , law n.¹ Etymology: In α. forms < the genitive of the name of Charles Lynch (see note) + law n.¹ In β. forms < the name of Lynch + law n.¹ Compare later Judge Lynch’s law at Judge Lynch n. Compounds.Charles Lynch (1736–96), Virginia planter and justice of the peace, served as a colonel in the militia during the American War of Independence, and in 1780 helped to put down a threatened Loyalist uprising in south-western Virginia in the course of which suspects were rounded up and given summary trials before informal courts, followed by punishments including executions and public whipping. The extralegal proceedings of these courts were retroactively legitimized by a special act of the general assembly of Virginia in 1782. In the same year Lynch himself provides the earliest documented use of the term when referring to the actions of one of his men (see quot. 1782 at sense 1). It has also been suggested that the term is named after Captain William Lynch (1742–1820) of Pittsylvania, Virginia, who in 1780, together with other local men, is supposed to have formed a vigilante association to track down and summarily punish suspected criminals and outlaws (probably including Loyalists). William Lynch evidently enjoyed being thought of as the eponym; however, his testimony was recorded long after the fact (see quot. 1811 at sense 1). The purported text of the founding charter of the Pittsylvania association (probably a fabrication by Edgar Allan Poe) was later printed in the Southern Lit. Messenger (1836) May 389. The activities of William Lynch's Pittsylvania vigilante association, if it ever existed, were so obscure by comparison with the well-known suppression of insurrection in south-western Virginia by Charles Lynch, that they seem unlikely to have provided the basis for the term. See further C. Waldrep Many Faces of Judge Lynch (2002) 15–21. For a discussion of alternative (and less likely) explanations see A. Matthews ‘The Term Lynch Law’ in Mod. Philol. 2 (1904) 173–95. Originally U.S. 1. The practice of inflicting summary punishment on an alleged or convicted offender, (originally) by a self-constituted court having no legal authority, or (later chiefly) as perpetrated by a mob. Cf. lynch v., lynching n. Now chiefly historical.In early use also in plural with same sense.Particularly associated with the extrajudicial execution of African Americans, especially that perpetrated in Southern states from the end of the American Civil War (1865) to the Civil Rights movement in the mid 20th cent. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > [noun] > summary and unjust Halifax law1565 Lydford law1565 Halifax inquest1598 Cupar justice1681 Jeddart justice1698 lynch law1782 Judge Lynch1835 lynching1835 lynch law1846 kangaroo justice1909 palm-tree justice1959 1782 C. Lynch Let. 11 May in C. Waldrep Lynching in Amer. (2006) i. 37 They are mostly Torys & such as Sanders has given Lynchs law too [sic] for Dealing with the negroes &c. 1794 Augusta (Georgia) Chron. 14 June 3/3 Some time ago, Augusta acted right, To punish one, and put two more to flight; Lynch's law ought still to be in vogue, It will rid the town of every cursed rogue. 1811 A. Ellicott in C. V. Mathews A. Ellicott (1908) 220 Captain [William] Lynch just mentioned was the author of the Lynch laws so well known and so frequently carried into effect some years ago in the southern States in violation of every principle of justice and jurisprudence. 1819 W. Faux Diary 29 Nov. in Mem. Days Amer. (1823) 304 The people [of Princeton, Indiana]..deputed four persons to inform him, that unless he quitted the town and state immediately, he should receive Lynch's law, that is, a whipping in the woods. 1835 W. Irving Tour on Prairies 41 ‘Lynch's law’, as it is technically termed, in which the plaintiff is apt to be witness, jury, judge, and executioner. 1839 W. B. Stonehouse Hist. Isle of Axholme 112 The burning Reading's house was..a terrible example of what the Americans term lynch law. 1879 F. W. Farrar Life & Work St. Paul I. viii. xxviii. 570 They seized the opportunity of executing a little Lynch law. 1930 Richmond (Va.) Planet 4 Oct. 1/4 The American Negro Labor Congress has issued a call for all working class organizations to elect delegates to a mass conference against lynch law. 2014 Reg. Kentucky Hist. Soc. 112 277 The community had practiced citizen-based lynch law, terrorism, and other violent behaviors that would be considered uncivilized in the twenty-first century. 2. In extended use: any form of justice considered to be without regard to recognized or statutory judicial principles. ΚΠ 1846 L. Ritchie Brit. World in East II. ix. ii. 430 The want of this is remedied for general purposes by public opinion manifested in a kind of Lynch law. 1902 J. London Daughter of Snows 284 It's lynch law, you know, and their minds are made up. They're bound to get me. 2013 Leader-Post (Regina, Sask.) (Nexis) 26 Jan. e8 You can't decide cases on sentiment. That's lynch law. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1782
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