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单词 louvre
释义

louvren.1

/ˈluːvə/
Forms: Middle English luver, Middle English–1600s lover, (Middle English lewer, lovyre, lowere, luvere, Middle English–1500s lovery, loverie, 1500s lofer, lour, lovour), 1500s–1800s loover, (1600s loovar, loure, lower), 1800s luffer, dialect luvver, 1600s–1800s louvre, 1600s– louver. The form louvre is now usual in the U.K. and louver in the U.S.
Etymology: < Old French lover, lovier, perhaps an alteration (with euphonic v as in pouvoir power n.1) of *loer < medieval Latin *lōdārium cognate with the synonymous medieval Latin lodium (quot. c1425 at sense 1). The ultimate etymology is obscure; some have compared the modern Icelandic hlóð plural, hearth, chimney-place. The form louvre arises from confusion with French Louvre (see Louvre n.2).
1. A domed turret-like erection on the roof of the hall or other apartment in a medieval building with lateral openings for the passage of smoke or the admission of light. (Cf. lantern n. 4.)
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > types of window > [noun] > louvre or lantern
louvre1367
lanternc1406
lantern-light1823
sky lantern1860
lantern roof1882
1367–8 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 386 In sclatario operanti super aulam..pro luvers de novo factis.
1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xxi. 288 Cheke we and cheyne we and eche chyne stoppe, Þat no light leope yn at louer ne at loupe.
c1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 667/32 Hoc lodium, lowere.
1496 (c1410) Dives & Pauper (de Worde) i. xliv. 85/2 Whan smoke medled with fyre cometh out of an house..by the louerys, men..wyll saye that that house shall go on fyre.
a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Cock & Fox l. 585 in Poems (1981) 26 The cok ouer the feildis tuke his flicht; And in at the wedowis lewer couth he licht.
1544–5 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) II. 219 To a carpenter for makynge ye lover in ye hall vijs.
1575 T. Cartwright Second Replie agaynst Dr. Whitgiftes Second Answer p. dcxxi To proue a bishop ouer the ministers off a diocese..is to set the fondacion vpon the louer.
1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vi. x. sig. Hh7 Ne lightned was with window, nor with louer . View more context for this quotation
1598 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 3 Last Bks. v. i. 59 Whose shrill Saints bell hangs on his louerie.
1598 J. Marston Scourge of Villanie ii. v. sig. E4v He..Hath drawne false lights from pitch-black loueries.
1601 A. Munday & H. Chettle Death Earle of Huntington sig. L3 For all the issue both of vent and light, Came from a loouer at the towers toppe.
1650 W. Brough Sacred Princ. 114 Flie to the windows of glory; mount to those Louvers on high.
1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters iii. 50 Every bath [has] a louvre or opening at top, to give a current to the air.
1849 E. A. Freeman Hist. Archit. 251 (note) A cloister runs round the lowest stage, crowned with a sort of square louvre.
1865 C. Kingsley Hereward in Good Words Feb. 93/1 The smoke went out through a louver [other eds. hole] in the roof.
2. A similar erection serving as a dovecote. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping birds > [noun] > keeping or breeding pigeons > dovecote
culver-house1340
dovehouse14..
columbairec1420
dovecotec1425
pigeon house1442
columbary1549
louvre1579
loft1735
pigeonry1840
pigeonnier1880
1579 T. Lupton Thousand Notable Things vii. 173 Hang a great glasse in the top of the Louor.
?1583 Bursary Acct. St. John's Coll. Oxf. Lofer.
1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iii. 30 Pigeons..Stooping at this and that, that to their Louver..they hardly can recover.
a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Northampt. 279 Pigeons..famished for want of food..unable to fly..out at the Lover.
3. A hole in a roof for the passage of smoke; a chimney. Obsolete exc. dialect (see Eng. Dial. Dict.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for heating buildings, rooms, etc. > smoke-hole
smoke-holec1340
louvre1375
1375–6 in R. E. G. Kirk Acct. Abingdon Abbey (1892) 30 In factura j louer pro cotagio juxta, vijd.
1519 W. Horman Vulgaria xiii. f. 140 Moche of the showre felle into the louer [L. impluuium]: but moche more into the barton.
in extended use.1609 T. Heywood Troia Britanica vii. xii. 143 There is a steepe decliuy way lookes downe, Which to th' Infernall Kingdome Orpheus guides, Whose loouer, vapors breathes.
4.
a. Chiefly plural. An arrangement of sloping boards, laths or slips of glass overlapping each other, so as to admit air, but exclude rain. Originally, such a contrivance as used to close the apertures of a ‘louvre’ (sense 1). Cf. louvre boards n. at Compounds 2. Also used for other purposes, e.g. to deflect air issuing from an opening or to prevent the direct passage of light through it. Used in singular in same sense; also, an individual slat or strip of such an arrangement.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > gas > air > fresh air > [noun] > supplying fresh air or ventilation > ventilator > louvres
louvre boards1448
louvre1555
weather-door1753
1555 R. Eden Two Viages into Guinea in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 347 The roofe of thynne boordes open in sundry places lyke vnto louers to lette in the ayer.
1833 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Cottage Archit. 1128/2 Louvre, see Luffer-boards.
1854 E. Ronalds & T. Richardson Knapp's Chem. Technol. (ed. 2) I. 300 The..louvres or shutters in the top are then opened, when the moist air is discharged, and a fresh supply admitted.
1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Luffer, a frame of laths to admit air or light; the wooden window in a church steeple.
1869 E. A. Parkes Man. Pract. Hygiene (ed. 3) 131 Glass louvres, which can be more or less closed.
1872 H. T. Ellacombe Bells of Church iv, in Church Bells Devon 249 The louvres of the windows should be so constructed as to let out the sound of the bells.
1884 Walmisley Iron Roofs 14 Both roofs are crowned with lanterns fitted with side louvres for ventilation.
1920 W. Neubecker Pract. Sheet Metal Duct Constr. xiv. 155 (caption) Formation of movable louvre.
1920 W. Neubecker Pract. Sheet Metal Duct Constr. xiv. 15 When movable louvres are used they are pivoted on rods.
1923 Man. Seamanship (Admiralty) II. 282 An ideal system of ventilation for a small compartment. A small adjustable flap and louvre..is fitted in the supply trunk.
1933 Moyer & Fittz Air Conditioning ix. 236 The two-point thermostat A is located near the fresh-air intake louver.
1957 Economist 23 Nov. 710/1 Heat is distributed not only in conventional radiators but through louvres in the skirting board.
1966 D. F. Galouye Lost Perception xvi. 169 He had managed to..check on the intake louvre... The simple removal of four screws would unfasten the grating and provide access to the ventilation duct.
1968 Autocar 25 Jan. 30/2 The wheels splashed through puddles..and steam blew back from the bonnet louvres.
1972 Sci. Amer. June 127/3 The temperature probes can be housed in a box that has louvers large enough to ensure the free circulation of air.
b. transferred.
ΚΠ
1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 214v He putte abrode the louvres of the tente [L. tentorii vela] with a ruttocke that he had in his hande.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
a.
louvre door n.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > types of door > [noun] > other types of door
hall-doorc1275
falling doorc1300
stable doorc1330
vice-door1354
hecka1400
lodge-doorc1400
street door1465
gate-doora1500
portal1516
backdoor1530
portal door1532
side door1535
by-door1542
outer door1548
postern door1551
house door1565
fore-door1581
way-door1597
leaf door1600
folding door1611
clap-door1625
balcony-door1635
out-door1646
anteportc1660
screen door1668
frontish-door1703
posticum1704
side entrance1724
sash-door1726
Venetian door1731
oak1780
jib-door1800
trellis?c1800
sporting door1824
ledge-door1825
through door1827
bivalves1832
swing-door1833
tradesmen's entrance1838
ledged door1851
tradesmen's door?1851
fire door1876
storm door1878
shoji1880
fire door1889
Dutch door1890
patio door1900
stable door1900
ledge(d) and brace(d) door1901
suicide door1925
louvre door1953
1953 N. W. Kay Mod. Building Encycl. 410/1 Louvre door.
1967 Boston Sunday Herald 26 Mar. iii. 5/7 (advt.) Set up louver door.
louvre-hole n.
ΚΠ
1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue i. 16 If the Doue-house hold vp,..we shall lacke no Pigeons, as long as there is a Louer-hole for the poore fooles to get in at.
1659 J. Shirley Honoria & Mammon iii. iv. 48 Bid him..cap the Chimney, least my Lady fly Out at the Lover~hole.
louvre-light n.
ΚΠ
1618 N. Field Amends for Ladies i. i. sig. B3v If your Lady-ship be talking in the same roome with any Gentle-man, I can reade on a booke,..looke vp at the loouer light, heare and be deafe.
louvre screen n.
ΚΠ
1948 C. Isherwood in Penguin New Writing 34 127 Movable louvre-screens take the place of port-holes.
louvre slat n.
ΚΠ
1842 Ecclesiologist I. 10 Four-centered belfry windows..filled up to the top with louvre slates.
louvre slate n.
ΚΠ
1969 Sears, Roebuck Catal. Spring–Summer 910 Louver slats fitted into 11/ 8-in. thick frame.
louvre-tower n.
ΚΠ
1839 Penny Cycl. XIV. 116/2 Handsome Louvre tower.
b.
louvre-roofed adj.
ΚΠ
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 400/1 A cornered tower or chamber, between 2 square turrets, all loover roofed.
C2.
louvre-bands n. Obsolete = louvre-strings n.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > parts of windows > [noun] > fittings or ornaments of windows > strings for louvres
louvre-strings1356
louvre-bands1469
1469–70 in J. Raine Fabric Rolls York Minster (1859) 73 Diversis cordulis emptis pro les loverbandes, 12d.
louvre boards n. (also luffer boards) (see 4); so louvre-boarding.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > gas > air > fresh air > [noun] > supplying fresh air or ventilation > ventilator > louvres
louvre boards1448
louvre1555
weather-door1753
1448–9 in R. E. G. Kirk Acct. Abingdon Abbey (1892) 124 In ij louerboordes emptis pro tenemento Henrici Baret.
1851 Orders & Regulations Royal Engineers (rev. ed.) xix. 101 The Storekeeper..will determine..the nature of the Guard, whether of Wire or Louvre Boarding.
1856 F. E. Paget Owlet of Owlstone Edge 9 Even the luffer-boards protected by netting.
1895 Edinb. Rev. Apr. 355 Fitted with ‘luffer-boards’ that could be opened and shut like Venetian blinds.
louvre damper n. a louvre the inclination of whose slats may be varied to regulate the flow of air through them.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > gas > air > fresh air > [noun] > supplying fresh air or ventilation > ventilator > louvres > with movable slats
louvre damper1920
1920 W. Neubecker Pract. Sheet Metal Duct Constr. xv. 160 (caption) Louvre dampers for large size ducts.
louvre-strings n. Obsolete strings to open or close the louvres (see 4).
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > parts of windows > [noun] > fittings or ornaments of windows > strings for louvres
louvre-strings1356
louvre-bands1469
1356–7 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 558 Et in 2 fadom de louerstringes empt. pro novo Solario.
louvre-ways adv. (also louvre-wise) (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1850 J. Greenwood Sailor's Sea-bk. 130 Louver-wise or louver-ways. To place battens on boards at a certain angle, so as to admit air but not wet.

Derivatives

louvred adj. (a) Arranged like louvres. (b) Provided with a louvre or louvres.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > [adjective] > having louvres
louvred1846
the world > matter > gas > air > fresh air > [adjective] > of or relating to ventilation > ventilated > louvred
louvred1846
1846 A. Young Naut. Dict. Loovered-boards or Loovered-battens, boards or battens framed like Venetian blinds, used for admitting air into a vessel's ports.
1850 J. Greenwood Sailor's Sea-bk. 130 The louvered or battened parts of ships' wells are fixed in this manner.
1881 Daily News 12 Dec. 2/2 Glass roofing..surmounted by..‘louvred openings’, which secure ventilation while they serve to keep out the hot glare of a summer's day.
1891 T. Hardy Tess of the D'Urbervilles II. xxxiii. 170 The louvred belfry.
1898 F. W. Macey Specif. in Detail 264 Louvred doors are generally required for ventilation in various places.
1934 H. M. Vernon Princ. Heating & Ventilation ix. 170 A fresh-air shaft may be necessary, with a louvered opening above the level of the building.
1950 Engineering 7 Apr. 376/2 The long-distance transport of fruit and vegetables is being investigated..with special reference to the performance of a new type of louvred van.
1969 Daily Tel. 14 Jan. 15/4 Wardrobes..are better with louvred doors.
1972 Gloss. Electrotechnical, Power Terms (B.S.I.) iv. iii. 21 Louvered ceiling, luminaire system comprising a large installation of louvres above which are mounted the lamps.

Draft additions December 2004

louvre blind n. a window blind consisting of louvre slats which may be rotated in order to vary the amount of light admitted; cf. Venetian blind n. at Venetian n. and adj. Compounds, vertical blind n. at vertical adj. and n. Additions.
ΚΠ
1872 Pall Mall Gaz. 23 Aug. 9/2 The boat shortly arrived with the ladies..only allowed to see out through the close louvre blinds of the windows.
1918 Times 14 May 3/5 The windows are fitted with ‘louvre’ blinds.
2002 Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 2 Oct. 3 Why is there a louvre blind over the full-length mirror?
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1976; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

Louvren.2

/luːvr/
Etymology: French; named after the Louvre, the palace of the French kings at Paris.
Obsolete.
Some kind of dance.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > dancing > types of dance or dancing > other dances > [noun]
dance of Macabre?c1430
springc1450
lege de moya1529
bobc1550
lusty gallant1569
duret1613
fading1613
huckler1617
ground-measure1621
entry1631
slatter de pouchc1640
ballo1651
Irish trot1651
omnium gatheruma1652
clutterdepouch1652
upspring1654
passacaglia1659
shuffle1659
passacaille1667
flip-flap1676
chaconne1685
charmer1702
Cheshire-round1706
Louvre1729
stick dance1730
white joke1730
baby dance1744
Nancy Dawson1766
fricassee1775
bumpkin1785
Totentanz1789
Flora('s) dance1790
goombay1790
egg-dance1801
supper dance1820
Congo dance1823
slip-jig1829
bran-dance1833
roly-poly1833
Congo1835
mazy1841
furry1848
bull-dance1855
stampede1856
double-shuffling1859
frog dance1863
hokee-pokee1873
plait dance1876
slow dancing1884
snake dance1895
beast dance1900
soft-shoe1900
cakewalk1902
floral dance1911
snake dance1911
apache dance1912
grizzly bear1912
jazz dance1917
jazz dancing1917
jazz1919
wine-dance1920
camel-walk1921
furry dance1928
snake-dance1931
pas d'action1936
trance dancing1956
touch dance1965
hokey-cokey1966
moonwalk1969
moonwalking1983
Crip Walk1989
mapantsula1990
1729 S. Jenyns Art Dancing ii Whether her Steps the Minuet's Mazes trace Or the slow Louvre's more majestic Pace.
1769 H. Brooke Fool of Quality IV. xvii. 209 The Louvre..was a dance of the newest fashion.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1903; most recently modified version published online June 2018).
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